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Nerolidol, the main constituent of Piper aduncum essential oil, has anti-Leishmania braziliensis activity

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 May 2017

LIGIA FERNANDA CEOLE ,
MARIA DAS GRAÇAS CARDOSO  and
MAURILIO JOSÉ SOARES
LIGIA FERNANDA CEOLE
Affiliation:
Laboratory of Cell Biology, Carlos Chagas Institute/Fiocruz-PR, Rua Prof. Algacyr Munhoz Mader 3775 Bloco C, Cidade Industrial, 81350-010 Curitiba-PR, Brazil
MARIA DAS GRAÇAS CARDOSO
Affiliation:
Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Lavras, Av. Doutor Sylvio Menicucci 1001, Kennedy, 37200-000 Lavras-MG, Brazil
MAURILIO JOSÉ SOARES*
Affiliation:
Laboratory of Cell Biology, Carlos Chagas Institute/Fiocruz-PR, Rua Prof. Algacyr Munhoz Mader 3775 Bloco C, Cidade Industrial, 81350-010 Curitiba-PR, Brazil
*
*Corresponding author: Laboratório de Biologia Celular, Instituto Carlos Chagas/Fiocruz-PR, Rua Prof. Algacyr Munhoz Mader 3775, Cidade Industrial 81350-010 Curitiba, PR, Brazil. E-mail: maurilio@fiocruz.br
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Summary

Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis is a protozoan that causes mucocutaneous leishmaniasis, which is an infectious disease that affects more than 12 million people worldwide. The available treatment is limited, has side-effects or is inefficient. In a search for alternative compounds of natural origin, we tested the microbicidal activity of Piper aduncum essential oil (PaEO) on this parasite. Our data showed that PaEO had an inhibitory effect on the growth of L. braziliensis promastigotes with an IC50/24 h=77·9 µg mL−1. The main constituent (nerolidol: 25·22%) presented a similar inhibitory effect (IC50/24 h = 74·3 µg mL−1). Ultrastructural observation of nerolidol-treated parasites by scanning and transmission electron microscopies revealed cell shrinkage and morphological alterations in the mitochondrion, nuclear chromatin and flagellar pocket. Flow cytometry analysis showed a reduction in the cell size, loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, phosphatidylserine exposure and DNA degradation, which when associated with the morphological changes indicated that nerolidol induced incidental cell death in the L. braziliensis promastigotes. The results presented here indicate that nerolidol derivatives are promising compounds for further evaluation against Leishmania parasites.

Keywords

cell deathessential oilLeishmania braziliensisnerolidolPiper aduncum
Type
Research Article
Information
Parasitology , Volume 144 , Issue 9 , August 2017 , pp. 1179 - 1190
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Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2017 

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