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The unique Late Paleolithic artifactual bone assemblage from the Volchia Griva site, Western Siberia

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  06 March 2023

Sergey V. Leshchinskiy Open the ORCID record for Sergey V. Leshchinskiy [Opens in a new window] ,
Vasiliy N. Zenin ,
Elena M. Burkanova  and
Yaroslav V. Kuzmin
Sergey V. Leshchinskiy*
Affiliation:
Laboratory of Mesozoic and Cenozoic Continental Ecosystems, Tomsk State University, Lenin Avenue 36, Tomsk 634050, Russia Sobolev Institute of Geology and Mineralogy, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Akademik Koptyug Avenue 3, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
Vasiliy N. Zenin
Affiliation:
Sobolev Institute of Geology and Mineralogy, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Akademik Koptyug Avenue 3, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Akademik Lavrentiev Avenue 17, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
Elena M. Burkanova
Affiliation:
Laboratory of Mesozoic and Cenozoic Continental Ecosystems, Tomsk State University, Lenin Avenue 36, Tomsk 634050, Russia Sobolev Institute of Geology and Mineralogy, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Akademik Koptyug Avenue 3, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
Yaroslav V. Kuzmin
Affiliation:
Sobolev Institute of Geology and Mineralogy, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Akademik Koptyug Avenue 3, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
*
*Corresponding author. email addresses: <sl@ggf.tsu.ru>, <mammothfauna@gmail.com>
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Abstract

In 2020, a unique bone assemblage was found at the Late Paleolithic site Volchia Griva. Its base is made of a distal mammoth femur minus epiphysis, in which a cavity has been hollowed out. Impact notches along the edges of the cavity and holes in the metaphysis prove the human-made nature of this specimen. A portion of a polar fox cranium, half of a fox hemimandible, a fox tooth, and a large mammal rib fragment were enclosed in the cavity. The mammoth femur was previously used as a retoucher, as evinced by the impressions and cut marks. Incisions were detected on the polar fox cranium, indicating skinning. According to two 14C dates, the age of the remains is 19.3–19.1 ka BP. Palynological analysis of the cavity fill shows a forb-grass steppe at that time. The assemblage, which has no known analogues, is a reflection of prehistoric culture. This extraordinary find most likely is evidence of the ritual behavior of people who lived in the south of Western Siberia during the last glacial maximum. The assemblage was accompanied by a large number of fox remains, and lithic artifacts identical to bladelet-based Late Paleolithic industries of Siberia and the Middle Urals.

Keywords

Late PleistoceneWestern SiberiaMammoth faunaPaleoecologyTaphonomyLate PaleolithicRitual behavior
Type
Research Article
Information
Quaternary Research , Volume 114 , June 2023 , pp. 93 - 113
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Copyright © University of Washington. Published by Cambridge University Press, 2023

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