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XXIII.—The Geology of Prince Charles Foreland, Spitsbergen

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  06 July 2012

G. W. Tyrrell
G. W. Tyrrell
Affiliation:
Lecturer in Geology, University of Glasgow.
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Extract

Prince Charles Foreland is a long, narrow, mountainous island with a N.N.W. to S.S.E. extension, which lies parallel to the western mainland coast of Spitsbergen, but separated from it by the Foreland Sound, with an average width of ten miles. Its southern extremity lies on the same parallel of latitude as Mt. Alkhornet at the entrance to Ice Fiord, and its most northerly point on the same parallel of latitude as King's Bay. The island is thus about 54 miles long, and is on an average 5 miles wide, the maximum width of 6½ miles being attained near Pt. James Murray, and also south of Ferrier Haven. Its area is approximately 270 square miles (see map, fig. 1).

Type
Research Article
Information
Earth and Environmental Science Transactions of The Royal Society of Edinburgh , Volume 53 , Issue 2 , 1924 , pp. 443 - 478
Copyright
Copyright © Royal Society of Edinburgh 1924

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References

page 443 note * Two good maps have been published: (1) Prince Charles Foreland; scale, 1: 140,000, by Dr W. S. Bruce, J. Mathieson, R. N. Rudmose Brown, and others, 1913; (2) Spitsbergen: Partie nord-ouest, by Isachsen, G., “Travaux topographiques de l'expédition Isachsen, 1909–10,” Vidensk. Sehk. Skr. I. Math.-Nat. Kl. Kristiania, 1915Google Scholar; scale, 1: 200,000.

page 443 note † Very fine panoramas, some showing the greater part of the island, have been published. See A. Hoel, 1914 (List of Literature, p. 447), Pl. VII, flg. 1; Pl. VIII, figs. 1, 2; G. Isachsen, , “Rapport sur l'expédition Isachsen au Spitsberg, 1909–10,” Vidensk. Selsk. Skr. I. Math.-Nat. Kl. Kristiania, 1912, Pl. III, fig. 1Google Scholar; the plate opposite p. 192 in R. N. Rudmose Brown's Spitsbergen, 1920, shows the western coast and raised marine platform.

page 446 note * “Present-day Conditions in Spitsbergen,” Geog. Jour., July 1921, pp. 25–49.

page 446 note † For references, see List of Literature, p. 447.

page 448 note * “Utkast till Spetsbergens geologi,” Stockholm, Vet.-Akad. Handl., Bd. 6, Heft 2, No. 7, 1866.

page 448 note † According to a note in Nature (April 29, 1922, p. 561) Hoel has now definitely established the Ordovician age of the Hecla Hook rocks in Spitsbergen itself, presumably by the discovery of determinable fossils.

page 448 note ‡ “On the Palæozoic Series of Bear Island, especially on the Hecla Hook System,” Norsk. Geol. Tidsskr., Bd. 5, Heft 2, 3, 1919, p. 140.

page 448 note § Holtedahl, O., “New Features in the Geology of North-Western Spitsbergen,” Amer. Jour. Sci. (4), 37, 1914, p. 420.Google Scholar

page 450 note * Holmes, A., Nomenclature of Petrology, 1920, p. 211.Google Scholar

page 459 note * Taken from the geological map in Holtedahl, O., “Zur Kenntnis der Karbonablagerungen des Westlichen Spitzbergens. II. Allgemeine Stratigraphische und Tektonische Beobachtungen,” Vidensk. Selsk. Skr. I. Math.-Nat. Kl., 1912, No. 23 (1913).Google Scholar

page 459 note † See especially Hoel (1914), Pl. vii, fig. 1, and pl. viii, fig. 1. The plate opposite p. 144 in Rudmose Brown's, R. N.Spitsbergen, 1920Google Scholar, shows the typical banded rocks of the Northern Grampian Series.

page 461 note * Holmes, A., Nomenclature of Petrology, 1920, p. 211.Google Scholar

page 461 note † In “The Economic Geology of the Central Coalfield of Scotland, Area IX, Carluke, Strathaven, and Larkhall,” Mem. Oeol. Surv. Scotland, 1921, p. 131, fakes are defined as “Thin-bedded argillaceous sandstone or sandy mudstone, passing through faky sandstone into sandstone, and through faky blaes into blaes (shale).”

page 461 note ‡ Quensel, P. D., “Zur Kenntnis der Mylonitbildung, erlautert an material aus dem Kebnekaisegebiet,” Bull. Geol. Inst. Upsala, 1916, xv, 91–116.Google Scholar See especially Pls. VI and VII, and compare with Pl. II, figs. 1 and 2, of this work.

page 464 note * Mem. Geol. Surv. Gt. Britain, “Geology of the Isle of Man,” 1903, p. 55.

page 464 note † Quensel, , op. cit., pp. 99, 101.Google Scholar

page 466 note * La Géographie, 1918, t. 32, pp. 234–235.

page 466 note † “Landet mellem Hornsund og Bellsund, Spitsbergen, Naturen, June–August 1920, p. 252.

page 466 note ‡ Goldschmidt, V. M., “Studien im Hochgebirge des Südlichen Norwegen. IV. Übersicht der Eruptivgesteine im Kaledonischen Gebirge zwischen Stavanger und Trondbjem,” Vidensk. Selsk. Skr. I. Math.-Nat. Kl., 1916, No. 2, Kristiania, pp. 3, 7 et seq.Google Scholar

page 468 note * HoltedahlGoogle Scholar, op. cit., pp. 81–83, fig. 23.

page 468 note † See footnote, p. 448.

page 469 note * “On the Palæozoic Series of Bear Island, especially on the Hecla Hook System,” Norsk. Geol. Tidsskr., 1919, Bd. 5, p. 139.

page 471 note * “Die Nordatlantischen Polarinseln,” Handb. d. Reg. Geol., 1921, Bd. iv, Abth. 2b, pp. 11–12.

page 471 note † “Spitsbergens og Björnöens geologi,” Naturen, September-October 1920, p. 297.

page 477 note * “Zur Kenntnis der Karbonablagerungen des Westlichen Spitzbergens. II. Allgemeine Stratigraphische und Tektonische Beobachtungen,” Videnslc. Selsk. Skr. I. Math.-Nat. Kl., 1912, No. 23, Kristiania (1913), pp. 60–63, and pl. ii.

page 477 note † “Die Nordatlantischen Polarinseln,” Handb. d. Reg. Geol., 1921, Bd. iv, Abth. 2b, p. 12.