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Influence of timing of Palmer amaranth control in dicamba-resistant cotton on yield and economic return

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 April 2020

Matthew D. Inman Open the ORCID record for Matthew D. Inman [Opens in a new window] ,
David L. Jordan ,
Matthew C. Vann ,
Andrew T. Hare ,
Alan C. York  and
Charles W. Cahoon
Matthew D. Inman*
Affiliation:
Assistant Professor, Clemson University, Pee Dee Research and Education Center, Florence, SC, USA
David L. Jordan
Affiliation:
William Neal Reynolds Professor, Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
Matthew C. Vann
Affiliation:
Assistant Professor, Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
Andrew T. Hare
Affiliation:
Graduate Research Assistant, Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
Alan C. York
Affiliation:
William Neal Reynolds Professor Emeritus, Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
Charles W. Cahoon
Affiliation:
Assistant Professor, Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
*
Author for correspondence: Matthew D. Inman, Clemson University, Pee Dee Research and Education Center, 2200 Pocket Road, Florence, SC29506. Email: mdinman@clemson.edu
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Abstract

Glyphosate-resistant (GR) Palmer amaranth continues to be challenging to control across the U.S. cotton belt. Timely application of POST herbicides and herbicides applied at planting or during the season with residual activity are utilized routinely to control this weed. Although glyphosate controls large Palmer amaranth that is not GR, herbicides such as glufosinate used in resistance management programs for GR Palmer amaranth must be applied when weeds are small. Dicamba can complement both glyphosate and glufosinate in controlling GR and glyphosate-susceptible (GS) biotypes in resistant cultivars. Two studies were conducted to determine Palmer amaranth control, weed biomass, and cotton yield, as well as to estimate economic net return when herbicides were applied 2, 3, 4, and 5 wk after planting (WAP). In one experiment POST-only applications were made. In the second experiment PRE herbicides were included. In general, Palmer amaranth was controlled at least 98% by herbicides applied at least three times regardless of timing of application or herbicide sequence. Glyphosate plus dicamba applied at 4 and 5 WAP controlled Palmer amaranth similarly compared to three applications by 8 WAP; however, yield was reduced 23% because of early-season interference. The inclusion of PRE herbicides benefited treatments that did not include herbicides applied 2 or 3 WAP. Glyphosate plus dicamba applied as the only herbicides 5 WAP provided 69% control of Palmer amaranth. PRE herbicides increased control to 96% for this POST treatment. Economic returns were similar when three or more POST applications were applied, with or without PRE herbicides.

Keywords

DicambaglyphosatePalmer amaranthAmaranthus palmeri S. Wats.AMAPAcottonGossypium hirsutum (L.) GOSHIHerbicide-resistant weedsherbicide resistance managementeconomic returnearly-season weed competition
Type
Research Article
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 34 , Issue 5 , October 2020 , pp. 682 - 688
Copyright
© Weed Science Society of America, 2020

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Footnotes

Associate Editor: Daniel Stephenson, Louisana State University Agricultural Center

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