Skip to main content Accessibility help
×
Hostname: page-component-848d4c4894-5nwft Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-05-17T11:05:43.373Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

22 - Hurt Feelings: The Last Taboo for Researchers and Clinicians?

from PART V - HURT IN APPLIED CONTEXTS

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  04 August 2010

Anita L. Vangelisti
Affiliation:
University of Texas, Austin
Get access

Summary

The purpose of this chapter is threefold: (a) to note that researchers and clinicians, like most of us human beings, have avoided dealing directly with hurt feelings in their research and practice, (b) to provide researchers and clinicians a way to identify and conceptualize hurt through a theoretical model, and (c) to offer researchers and clinicians ideas about how to help people deal with their hurt feelings in positive ways.

The relevance of hurt feelings to personality socialization and to close relationships has been validated repeatedly in relationship research by Feeney (2004b, 2005) and by Vangelisti (1994; Vangelisti & Young, 2000), among others. Although this work has demonstrated the importance of hurt feelings to relationships, especially intimate relationships, researchers in psychology have not attended to this evidence, creating a gap between psychological theories of feelings and emotions and research results in relationship science. A perusal of most psychological treatises on feelings and emotions failed to yield the term hurt. At best, the term distress was cited in passim, but it was never defined or introduced as being relevant to theories and models of feelings and emotions. This is not surprising given that most of these theories and models are based on intrapersonal self-report, paper-and-pencil tests, or contrived laboratory experiments rather than on direct observations of hurt feelings in intimate relationships (Niedenthal, Krauth-Gruber, & Ric, 2006).

Type
Chapter
Information
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2009

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Averill, J. R. (1980). On the paucity of positive emotions. In Blankstein, K. R., K. Pliner, P., & Polivy, J., (Eds.), Assessment and modification of emotional behavior (pp. 7–45). New York: Plenum Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Batson, C. D. (1991). The altruism question: Toward a social-psychological answer. Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.Google Scholar
Baumeister, R. F., & Vohs, K. D. (Eds.). (2004). Handbook of self-regulation: Research, theory, and applications. New York: Guilford.Google Scholar
Bertera, E. M. (2005). Mental health in U.S. adults: The role of positive social support and social negativity in personal relationships. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 22, 33–48.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Blankstein, K. R., Pliner, P., & Polivy, J. (Eds.). (1980). Assessment and modification of emotional behavior. New York: Plenum Press.CrossRef
Burleson, B. R. (2003). Emotional support skills. In Greene, J. O. & Burleson, B. R. (Eds.), Handbook of communication and social interaction skills (pp. 551–594). Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.Google Scholar
Demetrio, D., & Borgonovi, C. (2007). Teaching to remember ourselves: The autobiographical methodology. In L'Abate, L. (Ed.), Handbook of low-cost interventions to promote physical and mental health: Theory, research, and practice (pp. 251–270). Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.Google Scholar
Eisenberg, N. (1986). Altruistic emotion, cognition, and behavior. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.Google Scholar
Esterling, B. A., L'Abate, L., Murray, E., & Pennebaker, J. M. (1999). Empirical foundations for writing in prevention and psychotherapy: Mental and physical outcomes. Clinical Psychology Review, 19, 79–96.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Feeney, J. A. (2004a). Adult attachment and relationship functioning under stressful conditions: Understanding partners' responses to conflict and challenge. In Rholes, W. S. & Simpson, J. A. (Eds.), Adult attachment: Theory, research, and clinical applications (pp. 339–364). New York: Guilford.Google Scholar
Feeney, J. A. (2004b). Hurt feelings in couple relationships: Toward integrative models of the negative effects of hurtful events. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 21, 487–508.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Feeney, J. A. (2005). Hurt feelings in couple relationships: Exploring the role of attachment and perceptions of personal injury. Personal Relationships, 12, 253–271.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fincham, F. D. (2000). The kiss of porcupines: From attributing responsibility to forgiving. Personal Relationships, 7, 1–23.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fincham, F. D., & Beach, S. R. H. (2002). Forgiveness in marriage: Implications for psychological aggression and constructive communication. Personal Relationships, 9, 239–251.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Franks, M. M., Wendorf, C. A., Gonzales, R., & Ketterer, M. (2004). Aid and influence: Health promoting exchanges of older married partners. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 21, 431–445.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Frey, J., III, Holley, J., & L'Abate, L. (1979). Intimacy is sharing hurt feelings: A comparison of three conflict resolution models. Journal of Marriage and Family Therapy, 5, 35–41.Google Scholar
Gottman, J. M. (1994). What predicts divorce? The relationship between marital processes and marital outcomes. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.Google Scholar
Higgins, E. T. (1987). Self-discrepancy: A theory relating self and affect. Psychological Review, 94, 319–340.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Higgins, E. T. (1998). Promotion and prevention: Regulatory focus of a motivational principle. Advances in Experimental Social Psychology, 30, 1–46.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Horowitz, L. M. (2004). Interpersonal foundations of psychopathology. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jones, W. H., Kugler, K., & Adams, P. (1995). You always hurt the one you love: Guilt and transgressions against relationship partners. In Tangney, J. P. & Fischer, K. W. (Eds.), Self-conscious emotions: The psychology of shame, guilt, embarrassment and pride (pp. 301–321). New York: Guilford.Google Scholar
Jourard, S. M. (1971). Self-disclosure: An experimental analysis of the transparent self. New York: Wiley.Google Scholar
Kacewicz, E., Slatcher, R., & Pennebaker, J. M. (2007). Expressive writing: An alternative to traditional methods In L'Abate, L. (Ed.), Handbook of low-cost interventions to promote physical and mental health: Theory, research, and practice (pp. 272–284). Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.Google Scholar
Kazantzis, N., & L'Abate, L. (Eds.). (2007). Handbook of homework assignments in psychotherapy: Theory, research, and prevention. New York: Springer.CrossRef
Kelly, A. B., Fincham, F. D., & Beach, S. R. H. (2003). Communication skills in couples: A review and discussion of emerging perspectives. In Greene, J. O. & Burleson, B. R. (Eds.), Handbook of communication and social interaction skills (pp. 723–751). Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.Google Scholar
L'Abate, L. (1976). Understanding and helping the individual in the family. New York: Grune & Stratton.Google Scholar
L'Abate, L. (1977). Intimacy is sharing hurt feelings: A reply to David Mace. Journal of Marriage and Family Counseling, 3, 13–16.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
L'Abate, L. (1986). Systematic family therapy. New York: Brunner/Mazel.Google Scholar
L'Abate, L. (1994). A theory of personality development. New York: Wiley.Google Scholar
L'Abate, L. (1997). The self in the family: Classification of personality, psychopathology, and criminality. New York: Wiley.Google Scholar
L'Abate, L. (1999a). Being human: Loving and hurting. In Richards, A. C. & Schum-rum, T. (Eds.), Invitations to dialogue: The legacy of Sidney Jourard (pp. 81–90). Dubuque, IO: Kent/Kendall.Google Scholar
L'Abate, L. (1999b). Increasing intimacy in couples through distance writing and face-to-face approaches. In Carlson, J. & Sperry, L. (Eds.), The intimate couple (pp. 328–340). Philadelpha: Brunner/Mazel.Google Scholar
L'Abate, L. (1999c). Structured enrichment and distance writing for couples. In Berger, R. & Hannah, T. (Eds.), Preventative approaches in couples therapy (pp. 106–124). Philadelphia: Taylor & Francis.Google Scholar
L'Abate, L. (2000a). Hurt feelings and personality socialization in the family. Psicologia: Teoria e Pesquisa, 16, 113–123.Google Scholar
L'Abate, L. (2000b). Psycho-educational strategies. In Carlson, J. & Sperry, L. (Eds.), Brief therapy strategies with individuals and couples (pp. 396–346). Phoenix: Zeig/Tucker.Google Scholar
L'Abate, L. (Ed.). (2001a). Distance writing and computer-assisted interventions in psychiatry and mental heath. Westport, CT: Ablex.
L'Abate, L. (2001b). Hugging, holding, huddling, and cuddling (3HC): A task prescription in couples and family therapy. Journal of Clinical Activities, Assignments, & Handouts in Psychotherapy Practice, 1, 5–18.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
L'Abate, L. (2002). Beyond psychotherapy: Programmed writing and structured computer-assisted interventions. Westport, CT: Ablex.Google Scholar
L'Abate, L. (2003a). Family psychology III: Theory-building, theory-testing, and psychological interventions. Lanham, MD: University Press of America.Google Scholar
L'Abate, L. (2003b). Treatment through writing: A unique new direction. In Sexton, T. L., Weeks, G., & Robbins, M. (Eds.), The handbook of family therapy (pp. 397–409). New York: Brunner-Routledge.Google Scholar
L'Abate, L. (2004a). A guide to self-help workbooks for clinicians and researchers. Binghamton, NY: Haworth.Google Scholar
L'Abate, L. (Ed.). (2004b). Using workbooks in mental health: Resources in prevention, psychotherapy, and rehabilitation for clinicians and researchers. Binghamton, NY: Haworth.
L'Abate, L. (2005). Personality in intimate relationships: Socialization and psychopathology. New York: Springer.Google Scholar
L'Abate, L. (2007a). A completely preposterous proposal: The dictionary as an initial vehicle for behavior change in the family. Family Psychologist, 23, 39–42.Google Scholar
L'Abate, L. (Ed.). (2007b). Low-cost approaches to promote physical and mental health: Theory, research, and practice. New York: Springer.CrossRef
L'Abate, L. (2008a). A proposal for including distance writing in couples therapy. Journal of Couple and Relationship Therapy, 7, 337–362.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
L'Abate, L. (2008b). Applications of relational competence theory to prevention in psychotherapy. In Jordan, K. (Ed.), The quick theory references guide (pp. 475–492). New York: Nova Science.Google Scholar
L'Abate, L. (2009). Sourcebook of interactive exercises in mental health. New York: Springer.Google Scholar
L'Abate, L. (in press). Hurt feelings: Theory, research, and applications in intimate relationships. New York: Cambridge University Press.
L'Abate, L., & Cusinato, M. (2007). Linking theory with practice: Theory-derived interventions in prevention and family therapy. The Family Journal: Counseling and Therapy for Couples and Families, 15, 318–327.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
L'Abate, L., & Giacomo, P. (2003). Intimate relationships and how to improve them: Integrating theoretical models with preventive and psychotherapeutic applications. Westport, Ct: Praeger.Google Scholar
L'Abate, L., Frey, J., & Holly, J. (1979). Intimacy is sharing hurt feelings: Comparison of three conflict resolution methods. Journal of Marriage and Family Therapy, 5, 35–41.Google Scholar
L'Abate, L., & Goldstein, J. (2007). Workbooks to promote mental health and life-long learning. In L'Abate, L. (Ed.), Low-cost approaches to promote physical and mental health: Theory, research, and practice (pp. 285–302). New York: Springer.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
L'Abate, L., & Hewitt, D. W. (2000a). Avoiding the seven deadly sins of communication. In Waugh, C. G., Golden, W. I., & Golden, K. M. (Eds.), Let's talk: A cognitive skills approach to interpersonal communication (pp. 358–360). Dubuque, IO: Kendall-Hunt.Google Scholar
L'Abate, L., & Hewitt, D. W. (2000b). How to respond to emotionally provocative comments. In Waugh, C. G., Golden, W. I., & Golden, K. M. (Eds.), Let's talk: A cognitive skills approach to interpersonal communication (pp. 363–365). Dubuque, IO: Kendall-Hunt.Google Scholar
L'Abate, L., L'Abate, B. L., & Maino, E. (2005). A review of 25 years of part-time professional practice: Workbooks and length of psychotherapy. American Journal of Family Therapy, 33, 19–31.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
L'Abate, L., & McHenry, S. (1983). Handbook of marital interventions. New York: Grune & Stratton.Google Scholar
Laurenceau, J. P., Feldman-Barrett, L., & Rovine, M. J. (2005). The interpersonal process of intimacy in marriage: A daily-diary and multilevel modeling approach. Journal of Family Psychology, 19, 314–323.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Levine, S. (2005). Unattended sorrow: Recovering from loss and reviving the heart. Emmaus, PE: Rodale Press.Google Scholar
Levine, M., & Calvanio, R. (2007). Recording of personal information as an intervention and as electronic health support. In L'Abate, L. (Ed.), Handbook of low-cost interventions to promote physical and mental health: Theory, research, and practice (pp. 227–250). Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.Google Scholar
Lewin, K. (1935). A dynamic theory of personality. New York: McGraw-Hill.Google Scholar
Mace, D. (1976). Marital intimacy and the deadly love-anger cycle. Journal of Marriage and Family Counseling, 2, 131–137.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Meyer, R. E. (1986). Psychopathology and addictive disorders. New York: Guilford.Google Scholar
Niedenthal, P. M., Krauth-Gruber, S., & Ric, F. (2006). Psychology of emotions: Interpersonal, experiential, and cognitive approaches. New York: Psychology Press.Google Scholar
Perris, C., Arridell, W. A., & Eisemann, M. (1994). Parenting and psychopathology. New York: Wiley.Google Scholar
Plutchik, R., & Conte, H. R. (Eds.). (1997). Circumplex models of personality and emotions. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.CrossRef
Pulier, M., Mount, T. G., McMenamin, J. P., & Maheu, M. M. (2007). Computers and the Internet. In L'Abate, L. (Ed.), Handbook of low-cost interventions to promote physical and mental health: Theory, research, and practice (pp. 303–319). Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.Google Scholar
Reis, H. T., & Shaver, P. (1988). Intimacy as an interpersonal process. In Duck, S. (Ed.), Handbook of personal relationships (pp. 367–389). Chichester, UK: Wiley.Google Scholar
Root, L. M., & McCullough, M. E. (2007). Low-cost interventions for promoting forgiveness. In L'Abate, L. (Ed.), Low-cost interventions to promote physical and mental health: Theory, research, and practice (pp. 415–434). New York: Springer.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Segrin, C., & Givertz, M. (2003). Methods of social skills training and development. In Greene, J. O. & Burleson, B. R. (Eds.), Handbook of communication and social interaction skills (pp. 135–176). Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.Google Scholar
Smyth, J. M., & L'Abate, L. (2001). A meta-analytic evaluation of workbook effectiveness in physical and mental health. In L'Abate, L. (Ed.), Distance writing and computer-assisted interventions in psychiatry and mental heath (pp. 77–90). Westport, CT: Ablex.Google Scholar
Stevens, F. E., & L'Abate, L. (1989). Validity and reliability of theory-derived measures of intimacy. American Journal of Family Therapy, 17, 359–368.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stroebe, W., Schut, H., & Stroebe, M. S. (2005). Grief work, disclosure and counseling: Do they help the bereaved?Clinical Psychology Review, 25, 395–414.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Tangney, J. P., & Fischer, K. W. (Eds.). (1995). Self-conscious emotions: The psychology of shame, guilt, embarrassment and pride. New York: Guilford.
Thomas, J. L., & Cummings, J. L. (Eds.). (2000). The collected papers of Nicholas A. Cummings: Vol. 1. The value of psychological treatment. Phoenix: Zeig/Tucker.
Tomkins, S. S. (1962). Affect, imagery, and consciousness: Vol. 1. The positive effects. New York: Springer-Verlag.Google Scholar
Tomkins, S. S. (1963). Affect, imagery, and consciousness: Vol. 2. The negative effects. New York: Springer-Verlag.Google Scholar
Dyke, C., Temoshock, L., & Zegans, L. S. (Eds.). (1984). Emotions in health and illness: Applications to clinical practice. Orlando, FL: Grune & Stratton.
Vangelisti, A. L. (1994). Messages that hurt. In Cupach, W. R. & Spitzberg, B. H. (Eds.), The dark side of interpersonal communication (pp. 53–82). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.Google Scholar
Vangelisti, A. L. (2006). Hurtful interactions and the dissolution of intimacy. In Fine, M. A. & Harvey, J. H. (Eds.), Handbook of divorce and relationship dissolution (pp. 133–152). Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.Google Scholar
Vangelisti, A. L., & Beck, G. (2007). Intimacy and fear of intimacy. In L'Abate, L. (Ed.), Low-cost approaches to promote physical and mental health: Theory, research, and practice (pp. 395–414). New York: Springer.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vangelisti, A. L., & Young, S. L. (2000). When words hurt: The effects of perceived intentionality on interpersonal relationships. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 17, 393–424.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Watson, D. (2000). Mood and temperament. New York: Guilford.Google Scholar

Save book to Kindle

To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure coreplatform@cambridge.org is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

Available formats
×

Save book to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

Available formats
×