Since the introduction of computers in information handling about five decades ago, a number of types of electronic information services have become part of the information landscape. These require new approaches to organizing information that are quite different in some cases from those used in conventional libraries. Information contained in online databases, and of late in web and digital libraries, requires different tools and techniques to organize it in a way that will facilitate better access. While specific tools and techniques for the indexing and retrieval of largely unstructured online information resources emerged over the last four decades or so, alternative techniques for handling structured data have more recently appeared in other areas of computerized information handling like DBMS (database management systems) and expert and knowledge-based information systems. This chapter provides a brief overview of the various approaches to organizing information in non-library environments. Specifically, it examines the traditional online database approaches, DBMS approaches and modern intranet and web-based approaches to organizing information. The basic differences between these various approaches to organizing information are discussed, and references are given to the appropriate chapters discussing various new techniques such as metadata, ontology, information architecture and the semantic web. Today's information professionals need to have an understanding of all the different approaches to organizing information in order to be prepared for every aspect of library and information management and services.