Organizing information has always been a complex task, and a range of tools, techniques and standards, from catalogue codes, classification schemes and subject heading lists to bibliographic formats, had to be developed to meet these challenges. These have long been used successfully in the library world for organizing, accessing and sharing information. However, the degree of complexity involved has increased enormously over the past decade or so, owing to the appearance and proliferation of internet and web technologies that have facilitated the creation, distribution and use of information by virtually anyone with access to the appropriate equipment. New tools, techniques and standards have been developed to organize and process digital information available on the internet and intranets. These include metadata standards, taxonomies, ontologies, XML, RDF, etc. The main objective of these initiatives is now to facilitate the organization and processing of information based on meaning, and the development of the semantic web. This chapter highlights new research in different areas of information organization; it aims to focus on major issues and trends. The chapter begins with a discussion of current research on cataloguing and the FRBR (Function and Requirements for Bibliographic Records) model. It then considers metadata issues, especially in the context of metadata management. The latest research related to classification, ontology and semantic portals, especially in the context of digital libraries, is then outlined. The chapter ends with a brief discussion of trends relating to recently developed approaches to user-driven information organization and processing, and thus poses some pertinent questions about the future of information organization in the digital age.