In this final chapter the evidence presented here will be evaluated and suggestions and directions for interventions put forward, thereby shifting the focus of concern from basic to applied science. What can be done to facilitate the development of individual potential and to enable individuals to overcome the odds stacked against them? Knowledge about protective factors and processes involved in positive adaptation can bring a new impetus to the development of social policies aiming to promote the well-being of disadvantaged children and populations. The focus of this study has been on the factors and processes most important for the development and maintenance of academic resilience in the face of socio-economic adversity. Given the central importance of both socio-economic risk and educational attainment in our culture, as well as their long-term consequences across domains, the findings will also be helpful for informing our understanding of other domains of adjustment. Yet, it has to be kept in mind that findings from one context or population may not apply to another.