Book contents
- Frontmatter
- Contents
- Acknowledgements
- Tribute to the author, Norman Gratz
- Preface
- 1 Introduction
- Part I The vector- and rodent-borne diseases of Europe
- Part II The vector- and rodent-borne diseases of North America
- 20 Vector- and rodent borne diseases in the history of the USA and Canada
- 21 The mosquito-borne arboviruses
- 22 Mosquito-borne diseases – malaria
- 23 Mosquito-borne filarial infections
- 24 Sandfly-borne diseases
- 25 Ceratopogonidae -- biting midge-borne diseases
- 26 Dipteran caused infections -- myiasis
- 27 Flea-borne diseases
- 28 The louse-borne diseases
- 29 Triatomine-borne diseases
- 30 Tick-borne diseases of the USA and Canada
- 31 Mite-borne infections and infestations
- 32 Cockroaches and allergies
- 33 Factors augmenting the incidence, prevalence and distribution of vector-borne diseases in the USA and Canada
- 34 The rodent-borne diseases of the USA and Canada
- 35 The economic impact of vector- and rodent-borne diseases in the USA and Canada
- 36 Conclusions on the burden of the vector and rodent-borne diseases in Europe, the USA and Canada
- References
- Index
30 - Tick-borne diseases of the USA and Canada
from Part II - The vector- and rodent-borne diseases of North America
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 08 January 2010
- Frontmatter
- Contents
- Acknowledgements
- Tribute to the author, Norman Gratz
- Preface
- 1 Introduction
- Part I The vector- and rodent-borne diseases of Europe
- Part II The vector- and rodent-borne diseases of North America
- 20 Vector- and rodent borne diseases in the history of the USA and Canada
- 21 The mosquito-borne arboviruses
- 22 Mosquito-borne diseases – malaria
- 23 Mosquito-borne filarial infections
- 24 Sandfly-borne diseases
- 25 Ceratopogonidae -- biting midge-borne diseases
- 26 Dipteran caused infections -- myiasis
- 27 Flea-borne diseases
- 28 The louse-borne diseases
- 29 Triatomine-borne diseases
- 30 Tick-borne diseases of the USA and Canada
- 31 Mite-borne infections and infestations
- 32 Cockroaches and allergies
- 33 Factors augmenting the incidence, prevalence and distribution of vector-borne diseases in the USA and Canada
- 34 The rodent-borne diseases of the USA and Canada
- 35 The economic impact of vector- and rodent-borne diseases in the USA and Canada
- 36 Conclusions on the burden of the vector and rodent-borne diseases in Europe, the USA and Canada
- References
- Index
Summary
Tick-borne viruses
Colorado tick fever
The causative agent of Colorado tick fever (CTF) is an orbivirus of the genus Coltivirus which is related to Eyach virus in Europe. It is the only member of this group found in the USA or Canada apart from Sunday Canyon virus which has been isolated from the tick Argas cooleyi in Texas.
The distribution of CTF is the same as that of its principal tick vector, Dermacentor andersoni. In the USA, the disease is found in California, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, Oregon, Utah, Washington, Wyoming, and in Canada in British Columbia and Alberta. Many of the endemic areas are vacation destinations, frequented during the tick season (spring and early summer) by large numbers of tourists. Colorado tick fever virus has been isolated from humans vacationing or travelling through these states and physicians should be aware of the possibility of CTF in febrile patients returning from these regions (Calisher and Craven, 1998). Some 200–400 cases are reported each year. The disease is limited to elevations above 4000 feet. The number of reported cases is probably a small fraction of actual cases because many cases are either not diagnosed or are unreported. Campers, hikers and foresters are commonly infected. Infections occur mainly in April to June, when adult ticks are abundant. In 3–15% of infected children under 10 years of age, CTF virus invades the central nervous system (CNS) and causes encephalitis. Virus has been isolated from the cerebrospinal fluid of some of these patients.
- Type
- Chapter
- Information
- Vector- and Rodent-Borne Diseases in Europe and North AmericaDistribution, Public Health Burden, and Control, pp. 236 - 258Publisher: Cambridge University PressPrint publication year: 2006