Hostname: page-component-848d4c4894-pftt2 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-30T17:49:59.528Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Cognitive trade-offs and the costs of resilience

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 September 2015

Bernard J. Crespi
Bernard J. Crespi*
Affiliation:
Department of Biological Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S, Canada. crespi@sfu.cahttp://www.sfu.ca/biology/people/profiles/crespi.html
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Genetic, endocrinological, and psychological evidence demonstrates that resilience commonly trades off with sensitivity. The existence of such trade-offs indicates that resilience bears costs as well as benefits, and that some disorders can best be conceptualized in terms of extremes of trade-offs rather than expression of deficits. Testing for cognitive trade-offs should be a priority for psychiatry, psychology, neuroscience, and genetics.

Type
Open Peer Commentary
Information
Behavioral and Brain Sciences , Volume 38 , 2015 , e99
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2015 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Baron-Cohen, S. (2009) Autism: The empathizing-systemizing (E-S) theory. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 1156:68–80. doi: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.2009.04467.x.Google Scholar
Beck, A. T. (2008) The evolution of the cognitive model of depression and its neurobiological correlates. The American Journal of Psychiatry 165(8):969–77. doi: 10.1176/appi.ajp.2008.08050721.Google Scholar
Byars, S. G., Stearns, S. C. & Boomsma, J. J. (2014) Opposite risk patterns for autism and schizophrenia are associated with normal variation in birth size: Phenotypic support for hypothesized diametric gene-dosage effects. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Science 281:20140604. doi: 10.1098/rspb.2014.0604.Google Scholar
Crespi, B. & Badcock, C. (2008) Psychosis and autism as diametrical disorders of the social brain. Behavioral and Brain Sciences 31(3):241–61; discussion 261–320. doi: 10.1017/S0140525X08004214.Google Scholar
De Dreu, C. K., Baas, M., Roskes, M., Sligte, D. J., Ebstein, R. P., Chew, S. H., Tong, T., Jiang, Y., Mayseless, N. & Shamay-Tsoory, S. G. (2014) Oxytonergic circuitry sustains and enables creative cognition in humans. Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience 9(8):1159–65. doi: 10.1093/scan/nst094.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hobson, R. P. & Bishop, M. (2003) The pathogenesis of autism: Insights from congenital blindness. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Science 358(1430):335–44. Available at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12639331.Google Scholar
Johnson, S. L., Fulford, D. & Carver, C. S. (2012) The double-edged sword of goal engagement: Consequences of goal pursuit in bipolar disorder. Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy 19(4):352–62. doi: 10.1002/cpp.1801.Google Scholar
Keehn, B., Shih, P., Brenner, L. A., Townsend, J. & Müller, R. A. (2013) Functional connectivity for an “island of sparing” in autism spectrum disorder: An fMRI study of visual search. Human Brain Mapping 34(10):2524–37. doi: 10.1002/hbm.22084.Google Scholar
Kocoska-Maras, L., Rådestad, A. F., Carlström, K., Bäckström, T., von Schoultz, B. & Hirschberg, A. L. (2013) Cognitive function in association with sex hormones in postmenopausal women. Gynecological Endocrinology 29(1):59–62. doi: 10.3109/09513590.2012.705385.Google Scholar
Koenen, K. C., Moffitt, T. E., Roberts, A. L., Martin, L. T., Kubzansky, L., Harrington, H., Poulton, R. & Caspi, A. (2009) Childhood IQ and adult mental disorders: A test of the cognitive reserve hypothesis. The American Journal of Psychiatry 166(1):50–57. doi: 10.1176/appi.ajp.2008.08030343.Google Scholar
Kravariti, E., Toulopoulou, T., Mapua-Filbey, F., Schulze, K., Walshe, M., Sham, P., Murray, R. M. & McDonald, C. (2006) Intellectual asymmetry and genetic liability in first-degree relatives of probands with schizophrenia. The British Journal of Psychiatry: The Journal of Mental Science 188:186–87. Available at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16449708.Google Scholar
Lee, R., Lam, D., Mansell, W. & Farmer, A. (2010) Sense of hyper-positive self, goal-attainment beliefs and coping strategies in bipolar I disorder. Psychological Medicine 40(6):967–75. doi: 10.1017/S0033291709991206.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
MacCabe, J. H., Lambe, M. P., Cnattingius, S., Sham, P. C., David, A. S., Reichenberg, A., Murray, R. M. & Hultman, C. M. (2010) Excellent school performance at age 16 and risk of adult bipolar disorder: National cohort study. The British Journal of Psychiatry: The Journal of Mental Science 196(2):109–15. doi: 10.1192/bjp.bp.108.060368.Google Scholar
Markant, J., Cicchetti, D., Hetzel, S. & Thomas, K. M. (2014) Contributions of COMT Val158 Met to cognitive stability and flexibility in infancy. Developmental Science 17(3):396–411. doi: 10.1111/desc.12128.Google Scholar
Mier, D., Kirsch, P. & Meyer-Lindenberg, A. (2010) Neural substrates of pleiotropic action of genetic variation in COMT: A meta-analysis. Molecular Psychiatry 15(9):918–27. doi: 10.1038/mp.2009.36.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Pluess, M. & Belsky, J. (2013) Vantage sensitivity: Individual differences in response to positive experiences. Psychological Bulletin 139(4):901–16. doi: 10.1037/a0030196.Google Scholar
Rees, E., Kirov, G., Sanders, A., Walters, J. T., Chambert, K. D., Shi, J., Szatkiewicz, J., O'Dushlaine, C., Richards, A. L., Green, E. K., Jones, I., Davies, G., Legge, S. E., Moran, J. L., Pato, C., Pato, M., Genovese, G., Levinson, D., Duan, J., Moy, W., Göring, H. H., Morris, D., Cormican, P., Kendler, K. S., O'Neill, F. A., Riley, B., Gill, M., Corvin, A., Wellcome Trust Case Control Consortium, Craddock, N., Sklar, P., Hultman, C., Sullivan, P. F., Gejman, P. V., McCarroll, S. A., O'Donovan, M. C. & Owen, M. J. (2014) Evidence that duplications of 22q11.2 protect against schizophrenia. Molecular Psychiatry 19(1):37–40. doi: 10.1038/mp.2013.156.Google Scholar
Russell-Smith, S. N., Maybery, M. T., Bayliss, D. M. & Sng, A. A. (2012) Support for a link between the local processing bias and social deficits in autism: An investigation of embedded figures test performance in non-clinical individuals. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders 42(11):2420–30. doi: 10.1007/s10803-012-1506-z.Google Scholar
Silverstein, S. M., Wang, Y. & Keane, B. P. (2013) Cognitive and neuroplasticity mechanisms by which congenital or early blindness may confer a protective effect against schizophrenia. Frontiers in Psychology 3:624. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2012.00624.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Tabuchi, K., Blundell, J., Etherton, M. R., Hammer, R. E., Liu, X., Powell, C. M. & Südhof, T. C. (2007) A neuroligin-3 mutation implicated in autism increases inhibitory synaptic transmission in mice. Science 318(5847):71–76. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17823315.Google Scholar