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Sphingolipids and acylcarnitines are altered in placentas from women with gestational diabetes mellitus

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  21 December 2022

Gabriela D. A. Pinto ,
Antonio Murgia ,
Carla Lai ,
Carolina S. Ferreira ,
Vanessa A. Goes ,
Deborah de A. B. Guimarães ,
Layla G. Ranquine ,
Desirée L. Reis ,
Claudio J. Struchiner  and
Julian L. Griffin
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Gabriela D. A. Pinto*
Affiliation:
LeBioME-Bioactives, Mitochondrial and Placental Metabolism Core, Institute of Nutrition Josué de Castro, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902, Brazil
Antonio Murgia
Affiliation:
Department of Biochemistry, Cambridge, UK
Carla Lai
Affiliation:
University of Cagliari, Department of Life and Environmental Science, Cagliari Via Ospedale, Cagliari, Italy
Carolina S. Ferreira
Affiliation:
LeBioME-Bioactives, Mitochondrial and Placental Metabolism Core, Institute of Nutrition Josué de Castro, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902, Brazil
Vanessa A. Goes
Affiliation:
LeBioME-Bioactives, Mitochondrial and Placental Metabolism Core, Institute of Nutrition Josué de Castro, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902, Brazil
Deborah de A. B. Guimarães
Affiliation:
LeBioME-Bioactives, Mitochondrial and Placental Metabolism Core, Institute of Nutrition Josué de Castro, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902, Brazil
Layla G. Ranquine
Affiliation:
LeBioME-Bioactives, Mitochondrial and Placental Metabolism Core, Institute of Nutrition Josué de Castro, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902, Brazil
Desirée L. Reis
Affiliation:
LeBioME-Bioactives, Mitochondrial and Placental Metabolism Core, Institute of Nutrition Josué de Castro, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902, Brazil
Claudio J. Struchiner
Affiliation:
School of Applied Mathematics, Fundação Getúlio Vargas, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil Institute of Social Medicine, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Julian L. Griffin
Affiliation:
Department of Biochemistry, Cambridge, UK Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK
Graham J. Burton
Affiliation:
Centre for Trophoblast Research, Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
Alexandre G. Torres
Affiliation:
LeBioME-Bioactives, Mitochondrial and Placental Metabolism Core, Institute of Nutrition Josué de Castro, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902, Brazil Lipid Biochemistry and Lipidomics Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Tatiana El-Bacha*
Affiliation:
LeBioME-Bioactives, Mitochondrial and Placental Metabolism Core, Institute of Nutrition Josué de Castro, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902, Brazil Centre for Trophoblast Research, Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK Lipid Biochemistry and Lipidomics Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
*
*Corresponding authors: Gabriela D. A. Pinto, email gabidap@gmail.com; Tatiana El-Bacha, email tatiana@nutricao.ufrj.br
*Corresponding authors: Gabriela D. A. Pinto, email gabidap@gmail.com; Tatiana El-Bacha, email tatiana@nutricao.ufrj.br
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Abstract

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is the most common medical complication of pregnancy and a severe threat to pregnant people and offspring health. The molecular origins of GDM, and in particular the placental responses, are not fully known. The present study aimed to perform a comprehensive characterisation of the lipid species in placentas from pregnancies complicated with GDM using high-resolution MS lipidomics, with a particular focus on sphingolipids and acylcarnitines in a semi-targeted approach. The results indicated that despite no major disruption in lipid metabolism, placentas from GDM pregnancies showed significant alterations in sphingolipids, mostly lower abundance of total ceramides. Additionally, very long-chain ceramides and sphingomyelins with twenty-four carbons were lower, and glucosylceramides with sixteen carbons were higher in placentas from GDM pregnancies. Semi-targeted lipidomics revealed the strong impact of GDM on the placental acylcarnitine profile, particularly lower contents of medium and long-chain fatty-acyl carnitine species. The lower contents of sphingolipids may affect the secretory function of the placenta, and lower contents of long-chain fatty acylcarnitines is suggestive of mitochondrial dysfunction. These alterations in placental lipid metabolism may have consequences for fetal growth and development.

Keywords

Gestational diabetes mellitusPlacentaLipid metabolismLipidomics
Type
Research Article
Information
British Journal of Nutrition , Volume 130 , Issue 6 , 28 September 2023 , pp. 921 - 932
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Copyright
© The Author(s), 2022. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of The Nutrition Society

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