Al-Johany, A.M.H. (2007) Distribution and conservation of the Arabian leopard Panthera pardus nimr in Saudi Arabia. Journal of Arid Environments, 68, 20–30.
Bellemain, E., Carlsen, T., Brochmann, C., Coissac, E., Taberlet, P. & Kauserud, H. (2010) ITS as an environmental DNA barcode for fungi: an in silico approach reveals potential PCR biases. BMC Microbiology, 10, 189–197.
Blaxter, M.L. (2004) The promise of a DNA taxonomy. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London Series B, 359, 669–679.
Brownstein, M.J., Carpten, J.D. & Smith, J.R. (1996) Modulation of non-templated nucleotide addition by Taq polymerase: primer modifications that facilitate genotyping. BioTechniques, 20, 1004–1010.
Colwell, R.K. & Coddington, J.A. (1994) Estimating terrestrial biodiversity through extrapolation. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London Series B, 345, 101–118.
Conover, M.R., Pitt, W.C., Kessler, K.K., DuBow, T.J. & Sanborn, W.A. (1995) Review of human injuries, illnesses, and economic losses caused by wildlife in the United States. Wildlife Society Bulletin, 23, 407–414.
Cowlishaw, G. (1994) Vulnerability to predation in baboon populations. Behaviour, 131, 293–304.
Dar, N.I., Minhas, R.A., Zaman, Q. & Linkie, M. (2009) Predicting the patterns, perceptions and causes of human–carnivore conflict in and around Machiara National Park, Pakistan. Biological Conservation, 142, 2076–2082.
De Barba, M., Miquel, C., Boyer, F., Mercier, C., Rioux, D., Coissac, E. & Taberlet, P. (2014) DNA metabarcoding multiplexing and validation of data accuracy for diet assessment: application to omnivorous diet. Molecular Ecology Resources, 14, 306–323.
Farooque, M. (2007) Management Plan of Ayubia National Park. Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Wildlife Department, Peshawar, Pakistan.
Ficetola, G.F., Coissac, E., Zundel, S., Riaz, T., Shehzad, W., Bessière, J.
et al. (2010) An in silico approach for the evaluation of DNA barcodes. BMC Genomics, 11, 434–443.
Graham, K., Beckerman, A.P. & Thirgood, S. (2005) Human–predator–prey conflicts: ecological correlates, prey losses and patterns of management. Biological Conservation, 122, 159–171.
Hayward, M.W., Henschel, P., O'Brien, J., Hofmeyr, M., Balme, G. & Kerley, G.I.H. (2006) Prey preferences of the leopard (Panthera pardus). Journal of Zoology, 270, 298–313.
Isbell, L.A. (1994) Predation on primates: ecological patterns and evolutionary consequences. Evolutionary Anthropology, 3, 61–71.
Judas, J., Paillat, P., Khoja, A. & Boug, A. (2006) Status of the Arabian leopard in Saudi Arabia. Cat News, Special Issue 1, 11–19.
Kabir, M. & Waseem, M. (2010) Human–Leopard Conflict Assessment in Pir Lasora National Park, Kotli, Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan. WWF–Pakistan, Lahore, Pakistan.
Kummer, H.A., Banaja, A.A., Aro-Khatwa, A.N. & Grandour, A.M. (1981) A survey of hamadryas baboons in Saudi Arabia. In Fauna of Saudi Arabia, Volume 3 (eds Wittmer, W. & Biittiker, W.), pp. 441–471. Natural History Museum, Basel, Switzerland.
Lodhi, A. (2007) Conservation of leopards in Ayubia National Park, Pakistan. MSc thesis. The University of Montana, Missoula, USA.
Magnuson, V.L., Ally, D.S., Nylund, S.J., Karanjawala, Z.E., Rayman, J.B., Knapp, J.I.
et al. (1996) Substrate nucleotide-determined non-templated addition of adenine by Taq DNA polymerase: implications for PCR-based genotyping and cloning. BioTechniques, 21, 700–709.
Mishra, C. (1997) Livestock depredation by large carnivores in the Indian trans-Himalaya: conflict perceptions and conservation prospects. Environmental Conservation, 24, 338–343.
Mishra, C., Allen, P., McCarthy, T., Madhusudan, M.D., Bayarjargal, A. & Prins, H.H.T. (2003) The role of incentive programs in conserving the snow leopard. Conservation Biology, 17, 1512–1520.
Mishra, C., Van Wieren, S.E., Ketner, P., Heitkonig, I.M.A. & Prins, H.H.T. (2004) Competition between domestic livestock and wild bharal Pseudois nayaur in the Indian Trans-Himalaya. Journal of Applied Ecology, 41, 344–354.
Mukherjee, S. & Mishra, C. (2001) Predation by leopard Panthera pardus in Majhatal Harsang Wildlife Sanctuary, Western Himalaya. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society, 98, 267–268.
Nawaz, M.A. (2009) Snow Leopard-Friendly Vaccination Program Set to Expand in Pakistan. Snow Leopard Trust, Seattle, USA.
Nowell, K. & Jackson, P. (eds) (1996) Wild Cats: Status Survey and Conservation Action Plan. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland.
Ogra, M.V. (2008) Human–wildlife conflict and gender in protected area borderlands: a case study of costs, perceptions, and vulnerabilities from Uttarakhand (Uttaranchal), India. Geoforum, 39, 1408–1422.
Packer, C., Ikanda, D., Kissui, B. & Kushnir, H. (2005) Lion attacks on humans in Tanzania—Understanding the timing and distribution of attacks on rural communities will help to prevent them. Nature, 436, 927–928.
Palmer, M.W. (1990) The estimation of species richness by extrapolation. Ecology, 71, 1195–1198.
Pompanon, F., Deagle, B.E., Symondson, W.O.C., Brown, D.S., Jarman, S.N. & Taberlet, P. (2012) Who is eating what: diet assessment using next generation sequencing. Molecular Ecology, 21, 1931–1950.
Prater, S.H. (1993) The Book of Indian Animals. Oxford University Press, New Delhi, India.
R Development Core Team (2012) R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria.
Riaz, T., Shehzad, W., Viari, A., Pompanon, F., Taberlet, P. & Coissac, E. (2011)
ecoPrimers: inference of new DNA barcode markers from whole genome sequence analysis. Nucleic Acids Research, 39, e145.
Roberts, T.J. (1997) Mammals of Pakistan. Oxford University Press, Karachi, Pakistan.
Sangay, T. & Vernes, K. (2008) Human–wildlife conflict in the Kingdom of Bhutan: patterns of livestock predation by large mammalian carnivores. Biological Conservation, 141, 1272–1282.
Shehzad, W., McCarthy, T.M., Pompanon, F., Purevjav, L., Coissac, E., Riaz, T. & Taberlet, P. (2012a) Prey preference of snow leopard (Panthera uncia) in South Gobi, Mongolia. PLoS ONE, 7(2), e32104.
Shehzad, W., Riaz, T., Nawaz, M.A., Miquel, C., Poillot, C., Shah, S.A.
et al. (2012b) Carnivore diet analysis based on next-generation sequencing: application to the leopard cat (Prionailurus bengalensis) in Pakistan. Molecular Ecology, 21, 1951–1965.
Sheikh, K.M. & Molur, S. (eds) (2004) Status and Red List of Pakistan's Mammals. Based on the Conservation Assessment and Management Plan. IUCN
Pakistan, Islamabad, Pakistan.
Spalton, J.A. & Al Hikmani, H.M. (2006) The leopard in the Arabian Peninsula—distribution and subspecies status. Cat News, Special Issue 1, 4–8.
Treves, A., Wallace, R.B. & White, S. (2009) Participatory planning of interventions to mitigate human–wildlife conflicts. Conservation Biology, 23, 1577–1587.
Valentini, A., Miquel, C., Nawaz, M.A., Bellemain, E., Coissac, E., Pompanon, F.
et al. (2009) New perspectives in diet analysis based on DNA barcoding and parallel pyrosequencing: the trnL approach. Molecular Ecology Resources, 9, 51–60
Vestheim, H. & Jarman, S.N. (2008) Blocking primers to enhance PCR amplification of rare sequences in mixed samples—a case study on prey DNA in Antarctic krill stomachs. Frontiers in Zoology, 5.
White, L.A. & Gehrt, S.D. (2009) Coyote attacks on humans in the United States and Canada. Human Dimensions of Wildlife, 14, 419–432.
Zuberbühler, K. & Jenny, D. (2002) Leopard predation and primate evolution. Journal of Human Evolution, 43, 873–886.