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Molecular identification of Entamoeba species in savanna woodland chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  03 March 2016

KATEŘINA JIRKŮ-POMAJBÍKOVÁ ,
IVAN ČEPIČKA ,
BARBORA KALOUSOVÁ ,
MILAN JIRKŮ ,
FIONA STEWART ,
BRUNO LEVECKE ,
DAVID MODRÝ ,
ALEX K. PIEL  and
KLÁRA J. PETRŽELKOVÁ
KATEŘINA JIRKŮ-POMAJBÍKOVÁ
Affiliation:
Biology Centre, Institute of Parasitology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Branišovská 31, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic Department of Pathology and Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Palackého 1-3, 612 42 Brno, Czech Republic
IVAN ČEPIČKA
Affiliation:
Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Vinicna 7, 128 44 Prague 2, Czech Republic
BARBORA KALOUSOVÁ
Affiliation:
Department of Pathology and Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Palackého 1-3, 612 42 Brno, Czech Republic
MILAN JIRKŮ
Affiliation:
Biology Centre, Institute of Parasitology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Branišovská 31, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská 1760, 37005 České Budějovice, Czech Republic
FIONA STEWART
Affiliation:
Department of Archaeology and Anthropology, Pembroke Street, Cambridge CB2 3QG, UK
BRUNO LEVECKE
Affiliation:
Department of Virology, Parasitology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820, Merelbeke, Belgium
DAVID MODRÝ
Affiliation:
Biology Centre, Institute of Parasitology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Branišovská 31, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic Department of Pathology and Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Palackého 1-3, 612 42 Brno, Czech Republic CEITEC – Central European Institute of Technology, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Palackého 1/3, 612 42 Brno, Czech Republic
ALEX K. PIEL
Affiliation:
School of Natural Sciences and Psychology, Liverpool John Moores University, James Parsons Building, Rm653, Byrom street, Liverpool, L3 3AF, UK
KLÁRA J. PETRŽELKOVÁ*
Affiliation:
Biology Centre, Institute of Parasitology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Branišovská 31, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic Liberec Zoo, Masarykova 1347/31, 460 01 Liberec, Czech Republic Institute of Vertebrate Biology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Květná 8, 60365 Brno, Czech Republic
*
*Corresponding author: Biology Centre, Institute of Parasitology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Branišovská 31, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic; Liberec Zoo, Masarykova 1347/31, 460 01 Liberec, Czech Republic and Institute of Vertebrate Biology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Květná 8, 60365 Brno, Czech Republic. Phone: +420543422549. Fax: +420543211346. E-mail: petrzelkova@ivb.cz
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Summary

To address the molecular diversity and occurrence of pathogenic species of the genus Entamoeba spp. in wild non-human primates (NHP) we conducted molecular-phylogenetic analyses on Entamoeba from wild chimpanzees living in the Issa Valley, Tanzania. We compared the sensitivity of molecular [using a genus-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR)] and coproscopic detection (merthiolate-iodine-formaldehyde concentration) of Entamoeba spp. We identified Entamoeba spp. in 72 chimpanzee fecal samples (79%) subjected to species-specific PCRs for six Entamoeba species/groups (Entamoeba histolytica, Entamoeba nuttalli, Entamoeba dispar, Entamoeba moshkovskii, Entamoeba coli and Entamoeba polecki ST2). We recorded three Entamoeba species: E. coli (47%), E. dispar (16%), Entamoeba hartmanni (51%). Coproscopically, we could only distinguish the cysts of complex E. histolytica/dispar/moshkovskii/nuttalli and E. coli. Molecular prevalence of entamoebas was higher than the prevalence based on the coproscopic examination. Our molecular phylogenies showed that sequences of E. dispar and E. coli from Issa chimpanzees are closely related to sequences from humans and other NHP from GenBank. The results showed that wild chimpanzees harbour Entamoeba species similar to those occurring in humans; however, no pathogenic species were detected. Molecular-phylogenetic methods are critical to improve diagnostics of entamoebas in wild NHP and for determining an accurate prevalence of Entamoeba species.

Keywords

Entamoebamolecular diversitygreat apeschimpanzeesavannah
Type
Research Article
Information
Parasitology , Volume 143 , Issue 6 , May 2016 , pp. 741 - 748
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Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2016 

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