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Holocene sea-surface temperature variability in the Chilean fjord region

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Magaly Caniupán ,
Frank Lamy ,
Carina B. Lange ,
Jérôme Kaiser ,
Rolf Kilian ,
Helge W. Arz ,
Tania León ,
Gesine Mollenhauer ,
Susana Sandoval  and
Ricardo De Pol-Holz
...Show all authors
Magaly Caniupán*
Affiliation:
Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research, Am Alten Hafen 26, D-27568 Bremerhaven, Germany
Frank Lamy
Affiliation:
Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research, Am Alten Hafen 26, D-27568 Bremerhaven, Germany
Carina B. Lange
Affiliation:
Department of Oceanography, Center for Oceanographic Research in the eastern South Pacific (COPAS), COPAS Sur-Austral Program, University of Concepción, Concepción, Chile
Jérôme Kaiser
Affiliation:
Leibniz Institute for Baltic Sea Research Warnemünde, Seestraβe 15, 18199 Rostock, Warnemünde, Germany
Rolf Kilian
Affiliation:
Department of Geology, FBVI, University of Trier, Behringstraße, D-54296 Trier, Germany
Helge W. Arz
Affiliation:
Leibniz Institute for Baltic Sea Research Warnemünde, Seestraβe 15, 18199 Rostock, Warnemünde, Germany
Tania León
Affiliation:
Department of Oceanography, Center for Oceanographic Research in the eastern South Pacific (COPAS), COPAS Sur-Austral Program, University of Concepción, Concepción, Chile
Gesine Mollenhauer
Affiliation:
Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research, Am Alten Hafen 26, D-27568 Bremerhaven, Germany
Susana Sandoval
Affiliation:
Department of Oceanography, Center for Oceanographic Research in the eastern South Pacific (COPAS), COPAS Sur-Austral Program, University of Concepción, Concepción, Chile
Ricardo De Pol-Holz
Affiliation:
Department of Oceanography, Center for Climate and Resilience Research (CR)2 , University of Concepción, Concepción, Chile
Silvio Pantoja
Affiliation:
Department of Oceanography, Center for Oceanographic Research in the eastern South Pacific (COPAS), COPAS Sur-Austral Program, University of Concepción, Concepción, Chile
Julia Wellner
Affiliation:
Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA
Ralf Tiedemann
Affiliation:
Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research, Am Alten Hafen 26, D-27568 Bremerhaven, Germany
*
*Corresponding author at: Department of Oceanography and COPAS Sur-Austral Program, University of Concepción, Concepción, Chile.E-mail address:mcaniupan@udec.cl (M. Caniupán).
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Abstract

Here we provide three new Holocene (11–0 cal ka BP) alkenone-derived sea surface temperature (SST) records from the southernmost Chilean fjord region (50–53°S). SST estimates may be biased towards summer temperature in this region, as revealed by a large set of surface sediments. The Holocene records show consistently warmer than present-day SSTs except for the past ~ 0.6 cal ka BP. However, they do not exhibit an early Holocene temperature optimum as registered further north off Chile and in Antarctica. This may have resulted from a combination of factors including decreased inflow of warmer open marine waters due to lower sea-level stands, enhanced advection of colder and fresher inner fjord waters, and stronger westerly winds. During the mid-Holocene, pronounced short-term variations of up to 2.5°C and a cooling centered at ~ 5 cal ka BP, which coincides with the first Neoglacial glacier advance in the Southern Andes, are recorded. The latest Holocene is characterized by two pronounced cold events centered at ~ 0.6 and 0.25 cal ka BP, i.e., during the Little Ice Age. These cold events have lower amplitudes in the offshore records, suggesting an amplification of the SST signal in the inner fjords.

Keywords

HoloceneAlkenonesSea-surface temperatureFjordsChile

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Articles
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Quaternary Research , Volume 82 , Issue 2 , September 2014 , pp. 342 - 353
Copyright
University of Washington

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