The pepole distinguished by the name of Kade, because they speak a language differing form those of their neighbours, live mostly in the Katha district of Upper Burma, and inhabit a tract of country lying roughly between 95° E., and 24° and 24° 30′N.

It is not my intention in this note to discuss the question of Urdu Orthography in any comprehensive manner. All I wish to do is to draw attention to two points in Urdu Orthography in regard to which European printing presses can render us a great deal of service.

In 1912 Pandit Ganapati Sastri, the learned editor of the Trivandrum Sanskrit Series, began to publish a group of thirteen plays, all apparently by the same author, which now fill numbers 15–17, 20, 22, 26, 39, and 42 of the series, and for which he claims Bhāsa as author. As Bhāsa was considerably earlier than the great Kālidāsa, who speaks of him in the prelude of his Mālaxikâgnimitra as a poet of established reputation, and as no works of Bhāsa have hitherto been known to survive, this discovery has naturally aroused much interest, and the erudite accepted.

‘[Raban] consulted the omens in the sky and carried with him the true Scriptures; he observed the winds in their relation to the musical tubes, and quickly passed through difficulties and dangers.’

being defined in the dictionaiy as the plain sense of the passage is that Raban tried to forecast the weather by means of divination before starting on his journey; our translators, however, probably because they had an uneasy feeling that this was not quite the right thing for such an eminent Christian to do, have one and all fought shy of this obvious rendering. It is not necessary, of course, to assume that Raban actually did resort to such practices, for we have already seen that the author of the inscription suits his language to the taste of his audience; the second clause, indeed, alludes to a form of divination which is peculiarly Chinese.

47. We have completed our geographical survey of the Indo-Aryan Vernacular and their dialects. It has been seen that they have been divided into three families, a Midland, an Intermediate, and an Outer. We shall now consider the mutual relationship of these families, and it will be more convenient to consider their growth downwards from the source than to folloAv their course upstream. The treatment must necessarily be historical, but the portion dealing with those stages which preceded that of the Indo-Aryan Vernacular lies outside the frame of the present work, and my account of them will be as brief as is consistent with gaining a clear idea of the whole subject.

The languages of India Proper belong to two great families— in the North, the Indo-Aryan; and in the South, the Dravidian. The map here displayed shows the localities in which the former are spoken. These Indo-Aryan tongues again lull into two main groups, viz., those of the Midland—indicated on the map by red — and a number of Outer Languages, indicated by blue. These two groups differ from each other in an important characteristic, which has affected their respective literatures to no inconsiderable extent. In the Midland the languages are all analytical. Their grammars are very simple, they are cumbered by few grammatical forms, and they indicate the various relations of time and space by the aid of auxiliary words, just as we do in English. The Outer Languages, on the contrary, are synthetic. Their idioms depend chiefly on grammatical form, and, as in Latin or German, each has a more or less complicated system of declension and conjugation.

§ 1. The Sanskrit MS. Oxford 1442, inaccurately described in the catalogue, contains the larger part of the Bhiksunīkarmavācanā. This text is interesting (1) as one of the most important parts of the Sanskrit Vinaya hitherto discovered, and (2) because the rules concerning the Nuns have not been much studied even from Pali sources. As far as we know no Bhikkhunlkammavakya has been published. The MS. is incomplete;

The following hymns are written, one on the back, the other on the front of a picture in the Stein Collection dated A.D. 910, representing Kuan-yin and two donors (register mark 1919. 1. 1. 014).

[The chief object of this preliminary canter in the field of Basque Philology is not to attempt any exhaustive treatment of the Basque Declension, which easily lends itself to a great wealth of detail and complexity, but to prove from a purely grammatical standpoint, and as briefly as a reasonable condensation of the subject will admit, the fundamental identity in the structure of the Kolarian and Basque declensions which is the result of their common origin.]