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14 - Travelling-Wave Tubes

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  27 April 2018

Richard G. Carter
Richard G. Carter
Affiliation:
Lancaster University
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Summary

In a klystron a linear electron beam is modulated by the r.f. field of the gap in the input cavity resonator. The modulation is increased by interaction with the fields of a succession of bunching cavities and r.f. power extracted by interaction with the field of an output cavity. The small-signal theory and large-signal behaviour of klystrons are reviewed. The design of klystron amplifiers is discussed in detail including the choice of beam and cavity parameters and the factors affecting the conversion efficiency. The performance of a tube can be analysed in terms of an input section, a pre-bunching section and a final bunching section which are designed to produce bunches from which the energy can be extracted efficiently. The energy extraction in the output gap can be modelled using an effective gap coupling factor. The power transferred to the output gap is limited by voltage breakdown. Performance beyond this limit can be obtained by using two, or more, gaps in an extended interaction structure. The design of klystrons is reviewed including the methods for achieving high efficiency and broad bandwidth. The principles of multiple-beam, sheet beam, and electrostatically-focussed klystrons are reviewed briefly.
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Microwave and RF Vacuum Electronic Power Sources , pp. 507 - 564
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2018

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  • Travelling-Wave Tubes
  • Richard G. Carter, Lancaster University
  • Book: Microwave and RF Vacuum Electronic Power Sources
  • Online publication: 27 April 2018
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/9780511979231.014
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  • Travelling-Wave Tubes
  • Richard G. Carter, Lancaster University
  • Book: Microwave and RF Vacuum Electronic Power Sources
  • Online publication: 27 April 2018
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/9780511979231.014
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  • Travelling-Wave Tubes
  • Richard G. Carter, Lancaster University
  • Book: Microwave and RF Vacuum Electronic Power Sources
  • Online publication: 27 April 2018
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/9780511979231.014
Available formats
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