Textual Data Collection

Part I - Textual Data Collection

Published online by Cambridge University Press: 06 October 2017

Edited by

Virginia Braun ,

Victoria Clarke and

Debra Gray

Show author details

Virginia Braun: Affiliation:
University of Auckland
Victoria Clarke: Affiliation:
University of the West of England, Bristol
Debra Gray: Affiliation:
University of Winchester

Book contents

Get access

Summary

A summary is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content.

Image of the first page of this content. For PDF version, please use the ‘Save PDF’ preceeding this image.'

Type: Chapter
Information: Collecting Qualitative Data
A Practical Guide to Textual, Media and Virtual Techniques
, pp. 1 - 12

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/9781107295094 [Opens in a new window]

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Print publication year: 2017

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Further Resources: Online

Some examples of qualitative surveys can be found online at: http://studysites.uk.sagepub.com/braunandclarke/study/research.htm

There are a number of examples of qualitative survey data that can be analysed as practice at: http://studysites.uk.sagepub.com/braunandclarke/study/qualitative.htm

For learning the basics of HTML in order to modify an existing template from a web tool such as SurveyMonkey, we have found w3 schools extremely helpful: www.w3schools.com/

Further Resources: Readings

For a broad ‘how to’ for qualitative research, and the first text to introduce qualitative surveys as a stand-alone data generation method: Braun, V. and Clarke, V. (2013). Successful qualitative research: A practical guide for beginners. London: Sage Publications.Google Scholar

For an example of a short survey which generated rich data: Frith, H. and Gleeson, K. (2004). Clothing and embodiment: Men managing body image and appearance. Psychology of Men & Masculinity, 5(1), 40–48.Google Scholar

For an example of survey research on a sensitive topic: Opperman, E., Braun, V., Clarke, V. and Rogers, C. (2014). ‘It feels so good it almost hurts’: Young adults’ experiences of orgasm and sexual pleasure. Journal of Sex Research, 51(5), 503–515.Google Scholar

For an example of online survey research that uses critical/discursive approaches to analysis: Clarke, V. and Smith, M. (2015). ‘Not hiding, not shouting, just me’: Gay men negotiate their visual identities. Journal of Homosexuality, 62(1), 4–32.Google Scholar

References

American Psychological Association. (2010). Publication manual of the American Psychological Association (6th edn). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.Google Scholar

Banks, M. (2007). Using visual data in qualitative research. London: Sage Publications.CrossRef Google Scholar

Barrett, J. (2007). You’ve made mistress very, very angry: Displeasure and pleasure in media representations of BDSM. Particip@tions, 4(1), online: http://www.participations.org/Volume%204/Issue%201/4_01_barrett.htm.Google Scholar

Best, S. and Krueger, B. (2008). Internet survey design. In Fielding, N. G., Lee, R. M. and Blank, G. (eds.), The SAGE handbook of online research methods (pp. 217–235). London: Sage Publications.CrossRef Google Scholar

Boroughs, M. S. (2012). Body depilation among women and men: The association of body hair reduction or removal with body satisfaction, appearance comparison, body image disturbance, and body dysmorphic disorder symptomatology. (Unpublished PhD thesis). Tampa, FL: The University of South Florida. Retrieved from: http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/3985 Google Scholar

Boroughs, M., Cafri, G. and Thompson, J. (2005). Male body depilation: Prevalence and associated features of body hair removal. Sex Roles, 52(9–10), 637–644.CrossRef Google Scholar

Bradburn, N. M., Sudman, S. and Wansink, B. (2004). Asking questions: The definitive guide to questionnaire design – for market research, political polls, and social and health questionnaires. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.Google Scholar

Braun, V. and Clarke, V. (2006). Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative Research in Psychology, 3(2), 77–101.Google Scholar

Braun, V. and Clarke, V. (2012). Thematic analysis. In Cooper, H., Camic, P. M., Long, D. L., Panter, A. T., Rindskopf, D. and Sher, K. J. (eds.), APA handbook of research methods in psychology, Vol. 2: Research designs: Quantitative, qualitative, neuropsychological, and biological (pp. 57–71). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.Google Scholar

Braun, V. and Clarke, V. (2013). Successful qualitative research: A practical guide for beginners. London: Sage Publications.Google Scholar

Braun, V., Clarke, V. and Terry, G. (2015). Thematic analysis. In Rohleder, P. and Lyons, A. (eds.), Qualitative research in clinical and health psychology (pp. 95–113). Basingstoke, UK: Palgrave Macmillan.Google Scholar

Braun, V., Tricklebank, G. and Clarke, V. (2013). ‘It shouldn’t stick out from your bikini at the beach’: Meaning, gender, and the hairy/hairless body. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 37(4), 478–493.Google Scholar

Bryant, A. and Charmaz, K. (2007). The SAGE handbook of grounded theory. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.Google Scholar

Brinkmann, S. and Kvale, S. (2008). Ethics in qualitative psychological research. In Willig, C. and Stainton Rogers, W. (eds.), The SAGE handbook of qualitative research in psychology (pp. 263–279). London: Sage Publications.Google Scholar

Burr, V. (2003). Social constructionism (2nd edn). London: Routledge.Google Scholar

Chambers, D. (2013). Social media and personal relationships: Online intimacies and networked friendship. London: Palgrave Macmillan.Google Scholar

Christian, L. M., Dillman, D. A. and Smyth, J. D. (2007). Helping respondents get it right the first time: The influence of words, symbols, and graphics in web surveys. Public Opinion Quarterly, 71(1), 113–125.CrossRef Google Scholar

Clarke, V. (2016). Wearing a gay slogan t-shirt in the higher education classroom: A cautionary tale. Feminism & Psychology, 26(1), 3–10.CrossRef Google Scholar

Clarke, V. and Smith, M. (2015). ‘Not hiding, not shouting, just me’: Gay men negotiate their visual identities. Journal of Homosexuality, 62(1), 4–32.Google Scholar

Clarke, V. and Spence, K. (2012). ‘I am who I am’? Navigating norms and the importance of authenticity in lesbian and bisexual women’s accounts of their appearance practices. Psychology of Sexuality, 4(1), 25–33.Google Scholar

Coyle, A. and Rafalin, D. (2001). Jewish gay men’s accounts of negotiating cultural, religious, and sexual identity: A qualitative study. Journal of Psychology & Human Sexuality, 12(4), 21–48.CrossRef Google Scholar

Dal, M. (2011). Online data collection and data analysis using emergent technologies. In Hesse-Biber, S. N. (ed.), The handbook of emergent technologies in social research (pp. 275–299). Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar

Edley, N. (2001). Analysing masculinity: Interpretative repertoires, ideological dilemmas and subject positions. In Wetherell, M., Taylor, S. and Yates, S. (eds.), Discourse as data: A guide for analysis (pp. 189–229). London: Sage Publications.Google Scholar

Evans, A., Elford, J. and Wiggins, D. (2008). Using the Internet for qualitative research. In Willig, C. and Stainton Rogers, W. (eds.), The SAGE handbook of qualitative research in psychology (pp. 315–333). London: Sage Publications.Google Scholar

Fahs, B. (2011). Dreaded ‘otherness’: Heteronormative patrolling of women’s body hair rebellions. Gender & Society, 25(4), 451–472.CrossRef Google Scholar

Fahs, B. (2012). Breaking body hair boundaries: Classroom exercises for challenging social constructions of the body and sexuality. Feminism & Psychology, 22(4), 482–506.Google Scholar

Fahs, B. (2013). Shaving it all off: Examining social norms of body hair among college men in women’s studies courses. Women’s Studies 42(5), 559–577.Google Scholar

Filipovic, J. (2007). Blogging while female: How Internet misogyny parallels ‘real-world’ harassment. Yale Journal of Law and Feminism, 19(1), 295–303.Google Scholar

Fish, J. (2006). Exploring lesbians’ health behaviours and risk perceptions. Diversity in Health & Social Care, 3(3), 163–169.Google Scholar

Fish, J. and Wilkinson, S. (2003). Understanding lesbians’ healthcare behaviour: The case of breast self-examination. Social Science & Medicine, 56(2), 235–245.Google Scholar

Fox, D., Prilleltensky, I. and Austin, S. (eds.). (2009). Critical psychology: An introduction (2nd edn). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.Google Scholar

Frith, H. and Gleeson, K. (2004). Clothing and embodiment: Men managing body image and appearance. Psychology of Men & Masculinity, 5(1), 40–48.Google Scholar

Frith, H. and Gleeson, K. (2008). Dressing the body: The role of clothing in sustaining body pride and managing body distress. Qualitative Research in Psychology, 5(1), 249–264.Google Scholar

Galletta, A. (2013). Mastering the semi-structured interview and beyond: From research design to analysis and publication. New York: New York University Press.Google Scholar

Gavey, N. (1989). Feminist poststructuralism and discourse analysis: Contributions to feminist psychology. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 13(4), 459–475.Google Scholar

Gergen, K. (1997). Realities and relationships: Soundings in social construction. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar

Gergen, M. and Gergen, K. (eds.). (2003). Social construction: A reader. London: Sage Publications.Google Scholar

Groves, R. M. (2009). Survey methodology. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley.Google Scholar

Herbenick, D., Schick, V., Reece, M., Sanders, S. and Fortenberry, J. D. (2010). Pubic hair removal among women in the United States: Prevalence, methods, and characteristics. The Journal of Sexual Medicine, 7(10), 3322–3330.Google Scholar

Hewson, C. and Laurent, D. (2008). Research design and tools for internet research. In Fielding, N. G., Lee, R. M. and Blank, G. (eds.), The SAGE handbook of online research methods (pp. 58–78). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.Google Scholar

Joinson, A. (1999). Social desirability, anonymity, and Internet-based questionnaires. Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, & Computers, 31(3), 433–438.CrossRef Google Scholar PubMed

Jowett, A. and Peel, E. (2009). Chronic illness in non-heterosexual contexts: An online survey of experiences. Feminism & Psychology, 19(4), 454–474.Google Scholar

Jowett, A., Peel, E. and Shaw, R. (2011). Online interviewing in psychology: Reflections on the process. Qualitative Research in Psychology, 8(4), 354–369.Google Scholar

Kaczmirek, L. (2008). Internet survey software tools. In Fielding, N. G., Lee, RM. and Blank, G. (eds.), The SAGE handbook of online research methods (pp. 236–257). London: Sage Publications.Google Scholar

Kamel Boulos, M. and Wheeler, S. (2007). The emerging Web 2.0 social software: An enabling suite of sociable technologies in health and health care education. Health Information & Libraries Journal, 24(1), 2–23.CrossRef Google Scholar PubMed

Kvale, S. and Brinkmann, S. (2009). Interviews: Learning the craft of qualitative research interviewing: Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.Google Scholar

Levine, D., Madsen, A., Wright, E., Barar, R. E., Santelli, J. and Bull, S. (2011). Formative research on MySpace: Online methods to engage hard-to-reach populations. Journal of Health Communication, 16(4), 448–454.CrossRef Google Scholar PubMed

Liamputtong, P. (2007). Researching the vulnerable: A guide to sensitive research methods. London: Sage Publications.Google Scholar

Marwick, A. and Boyd, D. (2011). I tweet honestly, I tweet passionately: Twitter users, context collapse, and the imagined audience. New Media & Society, 13(1), 114–133.CrossRef Google Scholar

McLaughlin, C. and Vitak, J. (2012). Norm evolution and violation on Facebook. New Media & Society, 14(2), 299–315.Google Scholar

Opperman, E., Braun, V., Clarke, V. and Rogers, C. (2014). ‘It feels so good it almost hurts’: Young adults’ experiences of orgasm and sexual pleasure. The Journal of Sex Research, 51(5), 503–515.Google Scholar

Patton, M. Q. (2002). Qualitative research & evaluation methods (3rd edn). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.Google Scholar

Peel, E. (2010). Pregnancy loss in lesbian and bisexual women: An online survey of experiences. Human Reproduction, 25(3), 721–727.Google Scholar

Potter, J. and Wiggins, S. (2007). Discursive psychology. In Willig, C. and Stainton Rogers, W. (eds.), The SAGE handbook of qualitative research in psychology (pp. 73–90). London: Sage Publications.Google Scholar

Przybylo, E. (2013). Producing facts: Empirical asexuality and the scientific study of sex. Feminism & Psychology, 23(2), 224–242.Google Scholar

Rice, C. (2009). Imagining the other? Ethical challenges of researching and writing women’s embodied lives. Feminism & Psychology, 19(2), 245–266.Google Scholar

Riggle, E. D. B., Rostosky, S. S. and Reedy, C. S. (2005). Online surveys for BGLT research. Journal of Homosexuality, 49(2), 1–21.Google Scholar

Riessman, C. K. (2007). Narrative methods for the human sciences. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.Google Scholar

Rose, G. (2012). Visual methodologies: An introduction to researching with visual materials. Los Angeles: Sage Publications.Google Scholar

Seale, C. (1999). Quality in qualitative research. Qualitative inquiry, 5(4), 465–478.Google Scholar

Seymour, W. S. (2001). In the flesh or online? Exploring qualitative research methodologies. Qualitative Research, 1(2), 147–168.Google Scholar

Smith, J. (1995). Semi-structured interviewing and qualitative analysis. In Smith, J., Harré, R. and van Langenhove, L. (eds.), Rethinking methods in psychology (pp. 9–26). London: Sage Publications.Google Scholar

Smith, J. A., Flowers, P., and Larkin, M. (2009). Interpretative phenomenological analysis: Theory, method and research. London: Sage Publications.Google Scholar

Smith, L. (2012). Decolonizing methodologies: Research and indigenous peoples (2nd edn). London: Zed Books.Google Scholar

Smyth, J. D., Dillman, D. A., Christian, L. M. and McBride, M. (2009). Open-ended questions in web surveys: Can increasing the size of answer boxes and providing extra verbal instructions improve response quality? Public Opinion Quarterly, 73(2), 325–337.CrossRef Google Scholar

Stewart, K. and Williams, M. (2005). Researching online populations: The use of online focus groups for social research. Qualitative Research, 5(4), 395–416.Google Scholar

Terry, G. and Braun, V. (2013a). To let hair be, or to not let hair be? Gender and body hair removal practices in Aotearoa/New Zealand. Body Image, 10(4), 599–606.Google Scholar

Terry, G. and Braun, V. (2013b). ‘We have friends, for example, and he will not get a vasectomy’: Imagining the self in relation to others when talking about sterilization. Health Psychology, 32(1), 100–109.CrossRef Google Scholar

Terry, G. and Braun, V. (2016). ‘I think gorilla-like back effusions of hair are rather a turn-off’: Excessive hair and male body hair (removal) discourse. Body Image, 17, 14–24.Google Scholar

Terry, G., Braun, V., Jayamaha, S. and Madden, H. (2017). Negotiating the hairless ideal in Aotearoa/New Zealand: Choice, awareness, complicity, and resistance in women’s accounts of body hair removal. Feminism & Psychology. In press.Google Scholar

Toerien, M. and Wilkinson, S. (2004). Exploring the depilation norm: A qualitative questionnaire study of women’s body hair removal. Qualitative Research in Psychology, 1(1), 69–92.Google Scholar

Toerien, M., Wilkinson, S. and Choi, P. (2005). Body hair removal: The ‘mundane’ production of normative femininity. Sex Roles, 52(5–6), 399–406.Google Scholar

Turner, A. J. and Coyle, A. (2000). What does it mean to be a donor offspring? The identity experiences of adults conceived by donor insemination and the implications for counselling and therapy. Human Reproduction, 15(9), 2041–2051.Google Scholar

Wetherell, M. and Edley, N. (1999). Negotiating hegemonic masculinity: Imaginary positions and psycho-discursive practices. Feminism & Psychology, 9(3), 335–356.Google Scholar

Wilkinson, S. and Kitzinger, C. (2007). Conversation analysis. In Willig, C. and Stainton Rogers, W. (eds.), The SAGE handbook of qualitative research in psychology (pp. 54–71). London: Sage Publications.Google Scholar

Willig, C. (2008). Introducing qualitative research in psychology: Adventures in theory and method (2nd edn). Maidenhead, UK: Open University Press.Google Scholar

Willig, C. and Stainton Rogers, W. (2008). Introduction. In Willig, C. and Stainton Rogers, W. (eds.), The SAGE handbook of qualitative research in psychology (pp. 1–12). London: Sage Publications.Google Scholar

Further Resources: Online

The companion website for Braun and Clarke’s (2013) book Successful qualitative research: A practical guide for beginners provides examples of SC research materials and a ‘perceptions of a parent coming out as transgendered’ SC datset to practice coding and analysis with: www.uk.sagepub.com/braunandclarke

Further Resources: Readings

The paper that introduced SC as a qualitative method: Kitzinger, C. and Powell, D. (1995). Engendering infidelity: Essentialist and social constructionist readings of a story completion task. Feminism & Psychology, 5(3), 345–372.Google Scholar

Braun and Clarke further developed the SC method for qualitative research (see Chapters 6 and 10): Braun, V. and Clarke, V. (2013). Successful qualitative research: A practical guide for beginners. London: Sage Publications.Google Scholar

Read about one of the examples discussed in more detail: Clarke, V., Braun, V. and Wooles, K. (2015). Thou shalt not covet another man? Exploring constructions of same-sex and different-sex infidelity using story completion. Journal of Community & Applied Social Psychology, 25(2), 153–166.Google Scholar

An example of a thematic analysis of SC data: Frith, H. (2013). Accounting for orgasmic absence: Exploring heterosex using the story completion method. Psychology & Sexuality, 4(3), 310–322.Google Scholar

An example of a discursive analysis of SC data: Walsh, E. and Malson, H. (2010). Discursive constructions of eating disorders: A story completion task. Feminism & Psychology, 20(4), 529–537.Google Scholar

References

Braun, V. and Clarke, V. (2006). Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative Research in Psychology, 3(2), 77–101.Google Scholar

Braun, V. and Clarke, V. (2013). Successful qualitative research: A practical guide for beginners. London: Sage Publications.Google Scholar

Bretherton, I., Ridgeway, D. and Cassidy, J. (1990). Assessing internal working models of the attachment relationship: An attachment story completion task for 3-year-olds. In Greenberg, M. T., Cicchetti, D. and Cummings, E. M. (eds.), Attachment in the preschool years: Theory, research and intervention (pp. 273–308). Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar

Bretherton, I., Oppenheim, D., Emde, R. N. and the MacArthur Narrative Working Group (2003). The MacArthur Story Stem Battery. In Emde, R. N., Wolfe, D. P. and Oppenheim, D. (eds.), Revealing the inner worlds of young children: The MacArthur story stem battery and parent-child narratives (pp. 381–396). New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar

British Psychological Society. (2009). Code of ethics and conduct. Leicester, UK: British Psychological Society.Google Scholar

Burr, V. (2003). Social constructionism (2nd edn). London: Psychology Press.Google Scholar

Charmaz, K. (2006). Constructing grounded theory: A practical guide through qualitative analysis. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.Google Scholar

Clarke, V. (2014). Telling tales of the unexpected: Using story completion to explore constructions of non-normative body hair practices. Paper presented at Appearance Matters 6, 1–2 July, Bristol, UK.Google Scholar

Clarke, V., Braun, V. and Wooles, K. (2015). Thou shalt not covet another man? Exploring constructions of same-sex and different-sex infidelity using story completion. Journal of Community & Applied Social Psychology, 25(2), 153–166.CrossRef Google Scholar

Donoghue, S. (2000). Projective techniques in consumer research. Journal of Family Ecology and Consumer Sciences, 28, 47–53.Google Scholar

Exner, J. E. (2002). The Rorschach, a comprehensive system, Vol 1, basic foundations and principles of interpretation (4th edn). Hoboken, NJ: Wiley.Google Scholar

Frith, H. (2013). Accounting for orgasmic absence: Exploring heterosex using the story completion method. Psychology & Sexuality, 4(3), 310–322.Google Scholar

Frith, H., Riley, S., Archer, L. and Gleeson, K. (2005). Editorial. Qualitative Research in Psychology, 2(3), 187–198.Google Scholar

Gavin, H. (2005). The social construction of the child sex offender explored by narrative. The Qualitative Report, 10(3), 395–415.Google Scholar

George, C. and West, M. L. (2012). The adult attachment projective system, attachment theory and assessment in adults. New York: The Guildford Press.Google Scholar

Hargittai, E. (2010). Digital na(t)ives? Variation in internet skills and uses among members of the ‘net generation’. Sociological Inquiry, 80(1), 92–113.Google Scholar

Hayfield, N. and Wood, M. (2014). Exploring sexuality and appearance using story completion and visual methods. Paper presented at Appearance Matters 6, 1–2 July, Bristol, UK.Google Scholar

Kitzinger, C. and Powell, D. (1995). Engendering infidelity: Essentialist and social constructionist readings of a story completion task. Feminism & Psychology, 5(3), 345–372.Google Scholar

Kurniawan, S. (2008). Older people and mobile phones: A multi-method investigation. International Journal of Human-Computer Studies, 66(12), 889–901.Google Scholar

Livingston, J. A. and Testa, M. (2000). Qualitative analysis of women’s perceived vulnerability to sexual aggression in a hypothetical dating context. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 17(6), 729–741.Google Scholar

Moller, N. (2014). Assumptions about fat counsellors: Findings from a story-completion task. Paper presented at Appearance Matters 6, 1–2 July, Bristol, UK.Google Scholar

Moore, S. M. (1995). Girls’ understanding and social constructions of menarche. Journal of Adolescence, 18(1), 87–104.Google Scholar

Moore, S. M., Gullone, E. and Kostanski, M. (1997). An examination of adolescent risk-taking using a story completion task. Journal of Adolescence, 20(4), 369–379.Google Scholar

Morgan, W. G. (2002). Origin and history of the earliest Thematic Apperception Test pictures. Journal of Personality Assessment, 79(3), 422–445.Google Scholar

Murray, H. A. (1971[1943]). Thematic apperception test, manual. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar

Nadal, K. L., Skolnik, A. and Wong, Y. (2012). Interpersonal and systemic microaggressions toward transgender people: Implications for counseling. Journal of LGBT Issues in Counseling, 6(1), 55–82.Google Scholar

Pope, C. and Mays, N. (1995). Reaching the parts other methods cannot reach: An introduction to qualitative methods in health and health services research. British Medical Journal, 311(6996), 42–45.Google Scholar

Rabin, A. I. (ed.) (1981). Assessment with projective techniques. New York: Springer.Google Scholar

Rabin, A. I. (2001). Projective techniques at midcentury: A retrospective review of an introduction to projective techniques by Harold H. Anderson and Gladys L. Anderson. Journal of Personality Assessment, 76(2), 353–367.Google Scholar

Riessman, C. K. (1993). Narrative analysis. Newbury Park, CA: Sage Publications.Google Scholar

Riessman, C. K. (2007). Narrative methods for the human sciences. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.Google Scholar

Rorschach, H., Lemkau, P. and Kronenberg, B. (1998[1921]). Psychodiagnostics: A diagnostic test based on perception (10th rev. edn). Berne, Switzerland: Verlag Huber.Google Scholar

Schegloff, E. A. (2007). Sequence organisation in interaction: A primer in conversation analysis. New York: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar

Sears, A. and Zha, Y. (2003). Data entry for mobile devices using soft keyboards: Understanding the effects of keyboard size and user tasks. International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction, 16(2), 163–184.Google Scholar

Shah-Beckley, I. and Clarke, V. (2016). Exploring constructions of sexual refusal in heterosexual relationships: A qualitative story completion study. Manuscript under submission.Google Scholar

Smith, J. A., Flowers, P. and Larkin, M. (2009). Interpretative phenomenological analysis: Theory, method and research. London: Sage Publications.Google Scholar

Soley, L. and Smith, A. L. (2008). Projective techniques for social science and business research. Shirley, NY: The Southshore Press.Google Scholar

Terry, G. and Braun, V. (2013). To let hair be, or to not let hair be? Gender and body hair removal practices in Aotearoa/New Zealand. Body Image, 10(4), 599–606.Google Scholar

Tischner, I. (2014). Gendered constructions of weight-loss perceptions and motivations. Paper presented at Appearance Matters 6, 1–2 July, Bristol, UK.Google Scholar

Walsh, E. and Malson, H. (2010). Discursive constructions of eating disorders: A story completion task. Feminism & Psychology, 20(4), 529–537.Google Scholar

Wetherell, M., Taylor, S. and Yates, S. (2001). Discourse theory and practice: A reader. London: Sage Publications.Google Scholar

Whitty, M. T. (2005). The realness of cybercheating: Men’s and women’s representations of unfaithful internet relationships. Social Science Computer Review, 23(1), 57–67.Google Scholar

Wiggins, S. and Potter, J. (2010). Discursive psychology. In Willig, C. and Stainton Rogers, W. (eds.), The SAGE handbook of qualitative research in psychology (pp. 73–90). London: Sage Publications.Google Scholar

Wilkinson, S. (1999). Focus groups: A feminist method. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 23(2), 221–244.Google Scholar

Will, V., Eadie, D. and MacAskill, S. (1996). Projective and enabling techniques explored. Marketing Intelligence & Planning, 14(6), 38–43.Google Scholar

Further Resources: Online

The companion website for Braun and Clarke’s (2013) Successful Qualitative Research: A practical guide for beginners provides an introduction to the vignette method and examples of research materials for a vignette task on transparenting: www.uk.sagepub.com/braunandclarke/study/additional.htm

Further Resources: Readings

For a good overview of the use of vignettes in social research, including some of the more general theoretical and practical issues with conducting vignette research, see Hughes, R. (1998). Considering the vignette technique and its application to a study of drug injecting and HIV risk and safer behaviour. Sociology of Health & Illness, 20(3), 381–400;Google Scholar Google Scholar

For an example of vignette research with children and in conjunction with an interview method, see Barter, C. and Renold, E. (2000) ‘I wanna tell you a story’: Exploring the application of vignettes in qualitative research with children and young people. International Journal of Social Research Methodology, 3(4), 307–323.Google Scholar

For an example of vignette research that used a news story format in conjunction with an interview method, see Gray, D., Delany, A. and Durrheim, K. (2005). Talking to ‘real’ South Africans: An investigation of the dilemmatic nature of nationalism. South African Journal of Psychology, 35(1), 127–146.Google Scholar

For an example of using visual data in vignette research, see Morrison, T. L. (2015). Using visual vignettes: My learning to date. The Qualitative Report, 20(4), 359–375.Google Scholar

References

Barter, C. and Renold, E. (1999). The use of vignettes in qualitative research. Social Research Update, 25. Retrieved from: http://sru.soc.surrey.ac.uk/SRU25.html Google Scholar

Barter, C. and Renold, E. (2000). ‘I wanna tell you a story’: Exploring the application of vignettes in qualitative research with children and young people. International Journal of Social Research Methodology, 3(4), 307–323.Google Scholar

Barter, C., Renold, E., Berridge, D. and Cawson, P. (2004). Peer violence in children’s residential care. Basingstoke, UK: Palgrave Macmillan.CrossRef Google Scholar

British Psychological Society (2013). Ethics guidelines for Internet-mediated research. Leicester, UK: British Psychological Society.Google Scholar

Brondani, M. A., MacEntee, M. I., Bryant, S. R. and O’Neill, B. (2008). Using written vignettes in focus groups among older adults to discuss oral health as a sensitive topic. Qualitative Health Research, 18(8), 1145–1153.Google Scholar

Bendelow, G. (1993). Pain perceptions, emotions and gender. Sociology of Health & Illness, 15(3), 273–294.Google Scholar

Billig, M. (1991). Ideology and opinions. London: Sage Publications.Google Scholar

Billig, M. (1996). Arguing and thinking: A rhetorical approach to social psychology (2 edn). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar

Braun, V. and Clarke, V. (2006). Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative Research in Psychology, 3(2), 77–101.Google Scholar

Braun, V. and Clarke, V. (2013). Successful qualitative research: A practical guide for beginners. London: Sage Publications.Google Scholar

Bryman, A. (2001). Social research methods. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar

Buhrmester, M., Kwang, T. and Gosling, S. D. (2011). Amazon’s Mechanical Turk: A new source of inexpensive, yet high-quality, data? Perspectives on Psychological Science, 6(1), 3–5.Google Scholar

Burman, E. E. and Parker, I. E. (1993). Discourse analytic research: Repertoires and readings of texts in action. London: Routledge.Google Scholar

Faia, M. A. (1979). The vagaries of the vignette world: A comment on Alves and Rossi. American Journal of Sociology, 85(4), 951–954.Google Scholar

Finch, J. (1987). The vignette technique in survey research. Sociology, 21(2), 105–114.Google Scholar

Fischer, J., Jenkins, N., Bloor, M., Neale, J. and Berney, L. (2007). Drug user involvement in treatment decisions. York, UK: Joseph Rowntree Foundation.Google Scholar

Gould, D. (1996). Using vignettes to collect data for nursing research studies: How valid are the findings? Journal of Clinical Nursing, 5(4), 207–212.Google Scholar

Gourlay, A., Mshana, G., Birdthistle, I., Bulugu, G., Zaba, B. and Urassa, M. (2014). Using vignettes in qualitative research to explore barriers and facilitating factors to the uptake of prevention of mother-to-child transmission services in rural Tanzania: A critical analysis. BMC Medical Research Methodology, 14(1), 21–31.Google Scholar

Gray, D., Delany, A. and Durrheim, K. (2005). Talking to ‘real’ South Africans: An investigation of the dilemmatic nature of nationalism. South African Journal of Psychology, 35(1), 127–146.Google Scholar

Gray, D. and Manning, R. (2014). ‘Oh my god, we’re not doing nothing’: Young people’s experiences of spatial regulation. British Journal of Social Psychology, 53(4), 640–655.Google Scholar

Hughes, R. (1998). Considering the vignette techniques and its application to a study of drug injecting and HIV risk and safer behaviour. Sociology of Health & Illness, 20(3), 381–400.CrossRef Google Scholar

Hughes, R. and Huby, M. (2002). The application of vignettes in social and nursing research. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 37(4), 382–386.Google Scholar

Hughes, R. and Huby, M. (2004). The construction and interpretation of vignettes in social research. Social Work & Social Sciences Review, 11(1), 36–51.Google Scholar

Jenkins, N. (2006). Misfortune or misadventure? A study of young people’s leisure-related accidents (Unpublished PhD thesis). Cardiff, UK: Cardiff University.Google Scholar

Jenkins, N., Bloor, M., Fischer, J., Berney, L. and Neale, J. (2010). Putting it in context: The use of vignettes in qualitative interviewing. Qualitative Research, 10(2), 175–198.Google Scholar

Lutfey, K. E., Campbell, S. M., Renfrew, M. R., Marceau, L. D., Roland, M. and McKinlay, J. B. (2008). How are patient characteristics relevant for physicians’ clinical decision making in diabetes? An analysis of qualitative results from a cross-national factorial experiment. Social Science & Medicine, 67(9), 1391–1399.Google Scholar

Malson, H. and Burns, M. (eds.) (2009). Critical feminist approaches to eating dis/orders. London: Routledge.Google Scholar

McKinstry, B. (2000). Do patients wish to be involved in decision making in the consultation? A cross sectional survey with video vignettes. British Medical Journal, 321(7265), 867–871.Google Scholar

Morrison, T. L. (2015). Using visual vignettes: My learning to date. The Qualitative Report, 20(4), 359–375.Google Scholar

Neale, B., Flowerdew, J., Smart, C. and Wade, A. (2003). Enduring families? Children’s long term reflections on post-divorce family life. Research Report for ESRC project no. R000239248.Google Scholar

O’Dell, L., Crafter, S., de Abreu, G. and Cline, T. (2012). The problem of interpretation in vignette methodology in research with young people. Qualitative Research, 12(6), 702–714.Google Scholar

Parkinson, B. and Manstead, A. S. R. (1993). Making sense of emotion in stories and social life. Cognition and Emotion, 7, 295–323.Google Scholar

Patton, M. Q. (2002). Qualitative evaluation and research methods. Newbury Park, CA: Sage PublicationsGoogle Scholar

Potter, J. and Wetherell, M. (1987). Discourse and social psychology: Beyond attitudes and behaviour. London: Sage Publications.Google Scholar

Spencer, L., Ritchie, J., Lewis, J. and Dillon, L. (2003). Quality in qualitative evaluation: A framework for assessing research evidence. London: Government Chief Social Researcher’s Office, Prime Minister’s Strategy Unit.Google Scholar

Stolte, J. F. (1994). The context of satisficing in vignette research. The Journal of Social Psychology, 134(6), 727–733.Google Scholar

Swartzman, L. C. and McDermid, A. J. (1993). The impact of contextual cues on the interpretation of and response to physical symptoms: A vignette approach. Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 16(2), 183–198.Google Scholar

Taylor, B. J. (2006). Factorial surveys: Using vignettes to study professional judgement. British Journal of Social Work, 36(7), 1187–1207.Google Scholar

Thaler, K. (2012). Norms about intimate partner violence among urban South Africans: A quantitative and qualitative vignette analysis. CSSR Working Paper (302).Google Scholar

Thompson, T., Barbour, R. and Schwartz, L. (2003). Adherence to advance directives in critical care decision-making: Vignette study. British Medical Journal, 327(7422), 1011.Google Scholar

Vitkovitch, M. and Tyrrell, L. (1995). Sources of disagreement in object naming. The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 48(4), 822–848.Google Scholar

Wilks, T. (2004). The use of vignettes in qualitative research into social work values. Qualitative Social Work, 3(1), 78–87.Google Scholar

Wiggins, S. and Potter, J. (2008) Discursive psychology. In Willig, C. and Stainton Rogers, W. (eds.), The SAGE handbook of qualitative research in psychology (pp. 72–89). London: Sage Publications.Google Scholar

Further Resources: Online

For a range of videos, slides and documents relating to using diaries in research, visit the National Centre for Research Methods: www.ncrm.co.uk

Further Resources: Readings

For an extensive discussion of diaries as a research method, this book covers setting up diary research, collection of data and analysis. For advice on how to structure diaries to maximise participant engagement, see chapter 4: Alaszewski, A. M. (2006). Using diaries for social research. London: Sage Publications.Google Scholar

For an example of using solicited diaries in qualitative research with both male and female participants over relatively lengthy time periods (i.e., a median of 23 weeks), see Milligan, C., Bingley, A. and Gatrell, A. (2005). Digging deep: Using diary techniques to explore the place of health and well-being amongst older people. Social Science & Medicine, 61(9), 1882–1892.Google Scholar

For an overview of various diary forms (video, audio, researcher diaries) and using diaries as part of a multi-method approach, see Meth, P. (2009). Methods: Diaries (video, audio or written). In Kitchin, R. and Thrift, N., (eds.), International encyclopedia of human geography (Vol. 1, pp. 150–155). Oxford: Elsevier.Google Scholar

For an example of using solicited diaries in qualitative research, including accessing hard-to-reach spaces and situations, see Morrison, C.-A. (2012). Solicited diaries and the everyday geographies of heterosexual love and home: Reflections on methodological process and practice. Area, 44(1), 68–75.Google Scholar

References

Alaszewski, A. M. (2006). Using diaries for social research. London: Sage Publications.Google Scholar

Bell, L. (1998). Public and private meanings in diaries: Researching family and childcare. In Ribbens, J. and Edwards, R. (eds.), Feminist dilemmas in qualitative research: Public knowledge and private lives (pp. 72–86). London: Sage Publications.Google Scholar

Braun, V. and Clarke, V. (2013). Successful qualitative research: A practical guide for beginners. London: Sage Publications.Google Scholar

Cope, M. (2003). Coding transcripts and diaries. In Clifford, N. and Valentine, G. (eds.), Key methods in geography (pp. 445–460). London: Sage Publications.Google Scholar

Crang, M. (1997). Analyzing qualitative materials. In Flowerdew, R. and Martin, D. (eds.), Methods in human geography (pp. 183–196). London: Longman.Google Scholar

Eidse, N. and Turner, S. (2014). Doing resistance their own way: Counter-narratives of street vending in Hanoi, Vietnam through solicited journaling. Area, 46(3), 242–248.Google Scholar

Elliott, H. (1997). The use of diaries in sociological research on health experience. Sociological Research Online, 2(2). Retrieved from: www.socresonline.org.uk/2/2/7.html Google Scholar

Gibson, B., Mistry, B., Smith, B., Yoshida, K., Abbott, D., Lindsay, S. and Hamdani, Y. (2013). The integrated use of audio diaries, photography, and interviews in research with disabled young men. International Journal of Qualitative Methods, 12(1), 382–402.Google Scholar

Hammett, D. and Sporton, D. (2012). Paying for interviews? Negotiating ethics, power and expectation. Area, 44(4), 496–502.Google Scholar

Harvey, L. (2011). Intimate reflections: Private diaries in qualitative research. Qualitative Research, 11(6), 664–682.Google Scholar

Kellehear, A. (1993). The unobtrusive researcher. Sydney: Allen and Unwin.Google Scholar

Kenyon, S. (2006). The ‘accessibility diary’: Discussing a new methodological approach to understand the impact of Internet use upon personal travel and activity participation. Journal of Transport Geography, 14(2), 123–134.Google Scholar

Mason, J. (2002). Qualitative researching (2nd edn). London: Sage Publications.Google Scholar

McDowell, L. (1999). Gender, identity and place: Understanding feminist geographies. Cambridge: Polity Press.Google Scholar

Meth, P. (2003). Entries and omissions: Using solicited diaries in geographical research. Area, 35(2), 195–205.Google Scholar

Meth, P. (2004). Using diaries to understand women’s responses to crime and violence. Environment and Urbanization, 16(2), 153–164.Google Scholar

Meth, P. and McClymont, K. (2009). Researching men: The politics and possibilities of a mixed methods approach. Social & Cultural Geography, 10(8), 909–925.Google Scholar

Morrison, C.-A. (2012). Solicited diaries and the everyday geographies of heterosexual love and home: Reflections on methodological process and practice. Area, 44(1), 68–75.Google Scholar

Munyewende, P. and Rispel, L. (2014). Using diaries to explore the work experiences of primary health care nursing managers in two South African provinces. Global Health Action, 7, 1–10.Google Scholar

Odendaal, W., Hausler, H., Tomlinson, M., Lewin, S. and Mtshizana, Y. (2012). The use of audio and visual diaries to explore the adherence behaviours of HIV and TB patients: A South African study. International Journal of Psychology, 47(S1), 470.Google Scholar

O’Donnell, S.C., Marshman, Z. and Zaitoun, H. (2013). ‘Surviving the sting’: The use of solicited diaries in children and young people with oral mucosal disease. International Journal of Paediatric Dentistry, 23(5), 352–358.Google Scholar

Renzetti, C. (1997). Confessions of a reformed positivist: Feminist participatory research as good social science. In Schwartz, M. (ed.), Researching sexual violence against women: Methodological and personal perspectives (pp. 131–143). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.Google Scholar

Roth, A., Hensel, D., Fortenberry, J., Garfein, R., Gunn, J. and Wiehe, S. (2014). Feasibility and acceptability of cell phone diaries to measure HIV risk behavior among female sex workers. AIDS and Behaviour, 18(12), 2314–2324.Google Scholar

Wiles, J. L., Rosenberg, M. W. and Kearns, R. A. (2005). Narrative analysis as a strategy for understanding interview talk in geographic research. Area, 37(1), 89–99.Google Scholar

Worth, N. (2009). Making use of audio diaries in research with young people: Examining narrative, participation and audience. Sociological Research Online, 14(4). Retrieved from: www.socresonline.org.uk/14/4/9.htmlGoogle Scholar

Book contents

Part I - Textual Data Collection

Summary

Access options

References

Further Resources: Online

Further Resources: Readings

References

Further Resources: Online

Further Resources: Readings

References

Further Resources: Online

Further Resources: Readings

References

Further Resources: Online

Further Resources: Readings

References

Save book to Kindle

Save book to Dropbox

Save book to Google Drive