The Acheulian is the earliest prehistoric cultural entity discovered in the Levant, with findings dated from 1.5 Ma to 250 ka. It was a time of significant changes in early human life ways and subsistence strategies: its inhabitants learned to control fire and hunt large game, developed sophisticated stone tool technologies and began occupying base camps. Stone tools are the primary finding from which cultures of the Lower Palaeolithic can be understood. The Acheulian is no different; the hallmark of its lithic assemblages is its bifacial tools, the primary component in nearly all Acheulian assemblages. The Levantine Acheulian is divided into three primary stages, the first two named for key sites in northern Israel: the Early Acheulian (site of ‘Ubeidiya) with large, rough bifacial tools including bifaces, picks, and triheadrals; the Large Flake Acheulian (site of Gesher Benot Ya’aqov) with handaxes and cleavers, primarily produced on large flake (>10 cm) blanks with basalt used as the primary raw material. Late Acheulian, with its wealth of flint handaxes found in hundreds of sites crossing the Levant. The Acheulian was replaced by the Achelo-Yabrudian about 300 ka.