Skip to main content Accessibility help
×
Hostname: page-component-76fb5796d-25wd4 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-26T07:56:25.694Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

15 - Dangling from a Tassel on the Fabric of Socially Constructed Reality: Reflections on the Creative Writing Process

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 June 2012

Liane Gabora
Affiliation:
University of British Columbia
Nancy Holmes
Affiliation:
University of British Columbia
David H. Cropley
Affiliation:
University of South Australia
Arthur J. Cropley
Affiliation:
University of Hamburg
James C. Kaufman
Affiliation:
California State University at San Bernardino
Mark A. Runco
Affiliation:
University of Georgia
Get access

Summary

Years ago, one of the authors of this chapter was explaining an unusual idea to a close friend and poetically admitted that the idea was “out there on the edge of the fabric of accepted reality.” The friend laughed and said, “You're not just out there at the edge, you're swinging from a tassel!” We talked about how we both spent much of our lives “swinging from a tassel,” and one of us inadvertently changed the metaphor from “swinging” to “dangling.” It seems that when ideas are flowing, the creative process feels like swinging. When the ideas dry up, though, it can feel as if you are dangling alone in darkness.

This chapter begins with an investigation into experiences of depression, alienation, and self-abuse among the highly creative. After this journey to the dark side, it may be uplifting to see that Mother Nature may have a few tricks up her sleeve to minimize the extent to which we succumb to the negative aspects of creativity while still benefiting from its riches. Finally, we discuss another sobering aspect of creativity – the fact that many of our inventions are dangerous to ourselves, our planet, and the other living things we share it with – and discuss how a creation intimately reflects the structure of the worldview(s) of its creators. Although the discussion focuses primarily on creative writers, we believe that it is relevant to creativity in other domains, particularly the arts and, to a lesser extent, science, engineering, and business.

Type
Chapter
Information
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2010

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Andreasen, N. C. (1987). Creativity and mental illness: Prevalence rates in writers and their first degree relatives. American Journal of Psychiatry, 144, 1288–1292.Google ScholarPubMed
Ansburg, P. & Hill, K. (2003). Creative and analytic thinkers differ in their use of attentional resources. Personality and Individual Differences, 34, 1141–1152.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Arieti, S. (1976). Creativity: The magic synthesis. New York: Basic Books.Google Scholar
Ashby, F. G. & Ell, S. W. (2002). Single versus multiple systems of learning and memory. In Wixted, J. and Pashler, H. (Eds.), Stevens' handbook of experimental psychology, Vol. 4: Methodology in experimental psychology. New York: Wiley.Google Scholar
Atwood, M. (2002). Negotiating with the dead: A writer on writing. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Chaiken, S. & Trope, Y. (1999). Dual-process theories in social psychology. New York: Guilford Press.Google Scholar
Coleridge, S. T. (1996 [1798]). “Kubla Khan.” In Holmes, Richard (Ed.), Coleridge: Selected poems (pp. 229–231). London: HarperCollins.Google Scholar
Dickinson, E. (1960). The complete poems of Emily Dickinson. Ed. Johnson, Thomas H.. Boston: Little, Brown.Google Scholar
Evans, J. & Frankish, K. (2009). In two minds: Dual processes and beyond. New York: Oxford University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Finke, R. A., Ward, T. B., & Smith, S. M. (1992). Creative cognition: Theory, research, and applications. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.Google Scholar
Flaherty, A. W. (2005). Frontotemporal and dopaminergic control of idea generation and creative drive. Journal of Comparative Neurology, 493, 147–153.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Freud, S. (1949). An outline of psychoanalysis. New York: Norton.Google Scholar
Frye, N. (1963). The keys to dreamland. In The educated imagination (pp. 34–44). Concord, Ontario, Canada: House of Anansi.Google Scholar
Gabora, L. (1995). Meme and variations: A computer model of cultural evolution. In Nadel, L. and Stein, D. (Eds.), Lectures in complex systems (pp. 471−486). Reading MA: Addison-Wesley.Google Scholar
Gabora, L. (1999). Weaving, bending, patching, mending the fabric of reality: A cognitive science perspective on worldview inconsistency. Foundations of Science, 3, 395−428.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gabora, L. (2000). Conceptual closure: Weaving memories into an interconnected worldview. In Vijver, G. and Chandler, J. (Eds.), Closure: Emergent organizations and their dynamics. New York: New York Academy of Sciences.Google Scholar
Gabora, L. (2002). Cognitive mechanisms underlying the creative process. In Hewett, T. and Kavanagh, T. (Eds.), Proceedings of the fourth international conference on creativity and cognition (pp. 126–133). Loughborough, UK: Loughborough University Press.Google Scholar
Gabora, L. (2003). Contextual focus: A tentative cognitive explanation for the cultural transition of the middle/upper Paleolithic. In Alterman, R. and Hirsch, D. (Eds.), Proceedings of the 25th annual meeting of the Cognitive Science Society. Boston, MA: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.Google Scholar
Gabora, L. (2008a). EVOC: A computer model of cultural evolution. In Sloutsky, V., Love, B., and McRae, K. (Eds.), Proceedings of the 30th annual meeting of the Cognitive Science Society, Washington, DC, July 23–26. North Salt Lake, UT: Sheridan Publishing.Google Scholar
Gabora, L. (2008b). Modeling cultural dynamics. In Proceedings of the Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence (AAAI) Fall Symposium 1: Adaptive Agents in a Cultural Context, November 7–9, The Westin Arlington Gateway, Arlington VA (pp. 18–25). Menlo Park, CA: AAAI Press.Google Scholar
Gabora, L. & Aerts, D. (2005). Evolution as context-driven actualization of potential: Toward an interdisciplinary theory of change of state. Interdisciplinary Science Reviews, 30(1), 69−88.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Goodwin, D. W. (1988). Alcohol and the writer. New York: Penguin.Google Scholar
Goodwin, D. W. (1992). Alcohol as muse. American Journal of Psychotherapy, 46, 422–433.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Goodwin, F. K. & Jamison, K. R. (1990). Alcohol and drug abuse in manic- depressive illness. In Goodwin, F. K. and Jamison, K. R. (Eds.), Manic-depressive illness (pp. 210–226). New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Guilford, P. J. (1950). Creativity. American Psychologist, 5, 444−454.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hoeveler, D. L. (2007). Father, don't you see that I am dreaming? The female gothic and the creative process. In Hoeveler, Diane Long and Schuster, Donna Decker (Eds.), Women's literary creativity and the female body (pp. 43–46). New York: Palgrave Macmillan.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Holmes, R. (1982). Coleridge. Oxford, England: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Howard-Jones, P. A. & Murray, S. (2003). Ideational productivity, focus of attention, and context. Creativity Research Journal, 15, 153–166.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
James, W. (1950 [1890]). The principles of psychology. New York: Dover.Google Scholar
Jamison, K. R. (1989). Mood disorders and patterns of creativity in writers and artists. Psychiatry, 52, 125–134.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Jamison, K. R. (1993). Touched by fire: Manic-depressive illness and the artistic temperament. New York: Free Press.Google Scholar
Johnson-Laird, P. N. (1983). Mental models. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
Harrison, A., Moore, M., & Rucker, M. (1985). Further evidence on career and family compatibility among eminent women and men. Archivo di Psicologia, Neurologia Psichiatria, 46, 140–155.Google Scholar
Kauffman, S. (2008). Reinventing the sacred. New York: Basic Books.Google Scholar
Kris, E. (1952). Psychoanalytic explorations in art. New York: International Universities Press.Google Scholar
Kristeva, Julia. (1984). Revolution in poetic language. Trans. Margaret Waller. New York: Columbia University Press.Google Scholar
Kristeva, Julia. (1989 [1987]). Black sun: Depression and melancholia. Trans. Leon S. Roudiez. New York: Columbia University Press.Google Scholar
Leijnen, S. & Gabora, L. (2009). How creative should creators be to optimize the evolution of ideas? A computational model. Electronic Proceedings in Theoretical Computer Science, 9, 108−119.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ludwig, A. M. (1995). The price of greatness. New York: Guilford Press.Google Scholar
Martindale, C. (1995). Creativity and connectionism. In Smith, S. M., Ward, T. B., and Finke, R. A. (Eds.), The creative cognition approach (pp. 249−268). Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.Google Scholar
Moers, Ellen. (1976). Literary women. Garden City, NY: Doubleday.Google Scholar
Neisser, U. (1963). The multiplicity of thought. British Journal of Psychology, 54, 1−14.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Norlander, T. & Gustafson, R. (1996). Effects of alcohol on scientific thought during the incubation phase of the creative process. Journal of Creative Behavior, 30, 231–248.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Norlander, T. & Gustafson, R. (1997). Effects of alcohol on picture drawing during the verification phase of the creative process. Creativity Research Journal, 10, 355–362.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Norlander, T. & Gustafson, R. (1998). Effects of alcohol on a divergent figural fluency test during the illumination phase of the creative process. Creativity Research Journal, 11, 365–374.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Orwell, George. (1968 [1945]). In defense of Wodehouse, P. G.. In Sonia Orwell and Ian Angus (Eds.), The Collected Essays, Journalism and Letters of George Orwell: As I Please 1943–1945, Vol. 3 (pp. 341–355). New York: Harcourt, Brace Jovanovich.Google Scholar
Piaget, J. (1926) The language and thought of the child. Kent, England: Harcourt Brace.Google Scholar
Piirto, J. (2005). The creative process in poets. In Kaufman, James C. and Baer, John (Eds.), Creativity across domains: Faces of the muse (pp. 1–22). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.Google Scholar
Rips, L. (2001). Necessity and natural categories. Psychological Bulletin, 127, 827−852.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Rothenberg, A. (1990a). Creativity, mental health, and alcoholism. Creativity Research Journal, 3, 179–201.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rothenberg, A. (1990b). Creativity and madness: New findings and old stereotypes. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.Google Scholar
Sardin, P. (2007). Creation and procreation in Margaret Atwood's “Giving Birth”: A narrative of doubles. In D. Long Hoeveler and D. Decker Schuster (Eds.), Women's literary creativity and the female body (pp. 163–192). New York: Palgrave Macmillan.Google Scholar
Sloman, S. (1996). The empirical case for two systems of reasoning. Psychological Bulletin, 9, 3−22.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sontag, S. (2003). Regarding the pain of others. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux.Google Scholar
Smith, W. M., Ward, T. B., & Finke, R.A. (1995). The creative cognition approach. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.Google Scholar
Stanovich, K. E. & West, R. F. (2000). Individual differences in reasoning: Implications for the rationality debate? Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 23, 645–726.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Styron, W. (1990). Darkness visible: A memoir of madness. New York: Random House.Google Scholar
Ward, T. B., Smith, S. M., & Finke, R. A. (1999). Creative cognition. In Sternberg, R. J. (Ed.), Handbook of creativity (pp. 189–213). Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Werner, H. (1948). Comparative psychology of mental development. New York: International Universities Press.Google Scholar
Wundt, W. (1896). Lectures on human and animal psychology. New York: Macmillan.Google Scholar

Save book to Kindle

To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure coreplatform@cambridge.org is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

Available formats
×

Save book to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

Available formats
×