Book contents
- Frontmatter
- Dedication
- Contents
- List of Figures and Table
- Acknowledgements
- Preface
- Miscellaneous Frontmatter
- Introduction
- 1 The Rise of Sectarianism
- 2 The Influence of the Orange Order
- 3 Explaining the Decline of Orangeism
- 4 Sectarian Dividing Lines and Post-War Slum Clearance
- 5 The Diminishing Politics of Sectarianism: How Class Politics Displaced Identity Politics
- 6 Ecumenism: ‘The Great Mersey Miracle’ and a Decline in Religious Observance
- 7 The Transfer of Racism: Did Liverpool's Black and Chinese Communities Become ‘New Aliens’?
- 8 The Emergence of a Common Identity: The Integration of the Irish and the Harmony of ‘Merseybeat’
- 9 Everton and Liverpool Football Clubs: New Gods
- Conclusion
- Select Bibliography
- Appendices
- Index
4 - Sectarian Dividing Lines and Post-War Slum Clearance
- Frontmatter
- Dedication
- Contents
- List of Figures and Table
- Acknowledgements
- Preface
- Miscellaneous Frontmatter
- Introduction
- 1 The Rise of Sectarianism
- 2 The Influence of the Orange Order
- 3 Explaining the Decline of Orangeism
- 4 Sectarian Dividing Lines and Post-War Slum Clearance
- 5 The Diminishing Politics of Sectarianism: How Class Politics Displaced Identity Politics
- 6 Ecumenism: ‘The Great Mersey Miracle’ and a Decline in Religious Observance
- 7 The Transfer of Racism: Did Liverpool's Black and Chinese Communities Become ‘New Aliens’?
- 8 The Emergence of a Common Identity: The Integration of the Irish and the Harmony of ‘Merseybeat’
- 9 Everton and Liverpool Football Clubs: New Gods
- Conclusion
- Select Bibliography
- Appendices
- Index
Summary
The geography of sectarianism had considerable reach on Merseyside. As its most northerly point, the town of Little Crosby existed as an almost exclusively Catholic enclave. Just north of Liverpool, Bootle's religiously defined areas included Marsh Lane (Catholic) and Bootle Village (Protestant). County Road in Walton was a ‘strong Orange area’, while Tony Birtill recalls the lodge bands deliberately playing loudly down his predominantly Catholic street in Walton. Anfield was said to have been very Welsh and Protestant, while the religious areas closest to Liverpool city centre are well known as Everton, St Domingo, and Netherfield Road (Protestant) and Scotland and Vauxhall wards (Catholic). In 1971, Frank Shaw wrote that the district encompassing the Adelphi Hotel, in the city centre, had been ‘a predominantly Irish area’. Bullough writes that Toxteth had ‘Orange’ and ‘Green’ streets, and Alf Mullins recalls the same denominational distinctions in areas of Garston, south Liverpool. Although these cited examples of ‘Catholic’, ‘Protestant’, ‘Green’, or ‘Orange’ streets are revealing of the wider remit of sectarianism in Liverpool, the religious heartlands were clearly designated in Liverpool northern dockside wards as two distinctive areas divided by Great Homer Street, as described by Pat O'Mara:
The slums – a bit of Ireland united, save in religion … The Catholic elements have their stronghold in Scotland Road along with a goodly segment of the southern end of the Dock Road. In the South, the Protestants have Clive Street and Jerry Street, and in the North, Netherfield Road – scattered bits grouped under the name of Orange River. The religious issue is sharply defined and anyone foolhardy enough not to heed it gets scant sympathy from the English bobbies when trouble ensues. Connaught is Connaught and Ulster is Ulster and never the twain shall mix – save in desperate battle on St Patrick's birthday and on the eventful day when Prince William of Orange crossed the river Boyne.
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- Liverpool SectarianismThe Rise and Demise, pp. 120 - 140Publisher: Liverpool University PressPrint publication year: 2017