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Anterior pituitary hormones in first-episode psychosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis
- D. Cavaleri, C. A. Capogrosso, P. Guzzi, B. Misiak, G. Bernasconi, M. Re, C. Crocamo, F. Bartoli, G. Carrà
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- Journal:
- European Psychiatry / Volume 66 / Issue S1 / March 2023
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 19 July 2023, p. S257
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Introduction
Although the role of pituitary gland in schizophrenia and psychotic disorders has been studied for decades, evidence on anterior pituitary hormones in the early phases of psychoses – without the influence of chronicity, comorbidities, and pharmacological treatment – is mostly unclear and inconsistent.
ObjectivesOur systematic review and meta-analysis was aimed at comparing the blood concentrations of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), follicle stimulating and luteinizing hormones (FSH and LH), growth hormone (GH), prolactin (PRL), and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) between people with drug-naïve first-episode psychosis (FEP) and healthy controls.
MethodsWe searched main electronic databases for articles indexed up to September 2022. We appraised the quality of data. We carried out random-effects meta-analyses, generating pooled standardized mean differences (SMDs) and estimating between-study heterogeneity. Moreover, we performed sensitivity and meta-regression analyses.
ResultsTwenty-six studies were included. People with drug-naïve FEP had higher ACTH (p<0.001; moderate-to-high heterogeneity) and PRL (p<0.001; high heterogeneity) concentrations, as well as lower TSH concentrations (p=0.001; low heterogeneity), than healthy subjects. Sensitivity analyses confirmed these findings. Data were not sufficient to perform meta-analyses on other hormones (FSH, LH, and GH).
ConclusionsPeople with drug-naïve FEP have abnormal ACTH, PRL, and TSH blood concentrations, supporting the hypothesis that anterior pituitary hormone secretion is altered in the first stages of schizophrenia and psychoses. Additional research is needed to clarify the complex interconnections between vulnerability, environmental factors, and pituitary hormones in FEP.
Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Chapter 8 - Network Modeling of Epilepsy Using Structural and Functional MRI
- from Part II - Modeling Epileptogenic Lesions and Mapping Networks
- Edited by Andrea Bernasconi, Neda Bernasconi, Matthias Koepp
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- Book:
- Imaging Biomarkers in Epilepsy
- Published online:
- 07 January 2019
- Print publication:
- 10 January 2019, pp 77-94
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Chapter 20 - Tracking Epilepsy Disease Progression with Neuroimaging
- from Part IV - Mapping Consequences of the Disease
- Edited by Andrea Bernasconi, Neda Bernasconi, Matthias Koepp
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- Imaging Biomarkers in Epilepsy
- Published online:
- 07 January 2019
- Print publication:
- 10 January 2019, pp 217-228
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Chapter 7 - Imaging White Matter Pathology in Epilepsy
- from Part II - Modeling Epileptogenic Lesions and Mapping Networks
- Edited by Andrea Bernasconi, Neda Bernasconi, Matthias Koepp
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- Book:
- Imaging Biomarkers in Epilepsy
- Published online:
- 07 January 2019
- Print publication:
- 10 January 2019, pp 68-76
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Revisiting auxin transport inhibition as a mode of action for herbicides
- Mani V. Subramanian, Sandra A. Brunn, Paul Bernasconi, Bhavesh C. Patel, Jeff D. Reagan
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- Journal:
- Weed Science / Volume 45 / Issue 5 / October 1997
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 12 June 2017, pp. 621-627
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SCB-1, a semicarbazone, is a phytotoxin with both preemergence and postemergence activity against broadleaves and grasses. It effectively displaced [3H]naptalam bound to a solubilized plasma membrane fraction, with the concentration required for 50% dissociation being 3.5 nM. The intrinsic dissociation constant (Kd) for binding of [3H]naptalam to zucchini plasma membranes was estimated to be 9.7 nM. Binding of [3H]naptalam to the solubilized protein fraction from the plasma membrane was rapid, time dependent, saturable, and reversible. The Kd for binding was estimated at 4 nM. Based on the maximum binding of [3H]naptalam, concentration of the binding protein was calculated to be 23.6 and 10.8 pmol mg−1 protein in the plasma membrane and solubilized fraction, respectively. SCB-1 also blocked the efflux of [14C]IAA, resulting in more than 800% accumulation of radiolabel in zucchini squash hypocotyl segments at 5 μM. This accumulation was quenched by excess cold IAA and 2,4-D. Collectively, these results suggest that SCB-1 is a potent inhibitor of auxin efflux and that it competes with naptalam for binding to the plasma membrane protein.
Contributors
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- By Mitchell Aboulafia, Frederick Adams, Marilyn McCord Adams, Robert M. Adams, Laird Addis, James W. Allard, David Allison, William P. Alston, Karl Ameriks, C. Anthony Anderson, David Leech Anderson, Lanier Anderson, Roger Ariew, David Armstrong, Denis G. Arnold, E. J. Ashworth, Margaret Atherton, Robin Attfield, Bruce Aune, Edward Wilson Averill, Jody Azzouni, Kent Bach, Andrew Bailey, Lynne Rudder Baker, Thomas R. Baldwin, Jon Barwise, George Bealer, William Bechtel, Lawrence C. Becker, Mark A. Bedau, Ernst Behler, José A. Benardete, Ermanno Bencivenga, Jan Berg, Michael Bergmann, Robert L. Bernasconi, Sven Bernecker, Bernard Berofsky, Rod Bertolet, Charles J. Beyer, Christian Beyer, Joseph Bien, Joseph Bien, Peg Birmingham, Ivan Boh, James Bohman, Daniel Bonevac, Laurence BonJour, William J. Bouwsma, Raymond D. Bradley, Myles Brand, Richard B. Brandt, Michael E. Bratman, Stephen E. Braude, Daniel Breazeale, Angela Breitenbach, Jason Bridges, David O. Brink, Gordon G. Brittan, Justin Broackes, Dan W. Brock, Aaron Bronfman, Jeffrey E. Brower, Bartosz Brozek, Anthony Brueckner, Jeffrey Bub, Lara Buchak, Otavio Bueno, Ann E. Bumpus, Robert W. Burch, John Burgess, Arthur W. Burks, Panayot Butchvarov, Robert E. Butts, Marina Bykova, Patrick Byrne, David Carr, Noël Carroll, Edward S. Casey, Victor Caston, Victor Caston, Albert Casullo, Robert L. Causey, Alan K. L. Chan, Ruth Chang, Deen K. Chatterjee, Andrew Chignell, Roderick M. Chisholm, Kelly J. Clark, E. J. Coffman, Robin Collins, Brian P. Copenhaver, John Corcoran, John Cottingham, Roger Crisp, Frederick J. Crosson, Antonio S. Cua, Phillip D. Cummins, Martin Curd, Adam Cureton, Andrew Cutrofello, Stephen Darwall, Paul Sheldon Davies, Wayne A. Davis, Timothy Joseph Day, Claudio de Almeida, Mario De Caro, Mario De Caro, John Deigh, C. F. Delaney, Daniel C. Dennett, Michael R. DePaul, Michael Detlefsen, Daniel Trent Devereux, Philip E. Devine, John M. Dillon, Martin C. Dillon, Robert DiSalle, Mary Domski, Alan Donagan, Paul Draper, Fred Dretske, Mircea Dumitru, Wilhelm Dupré, Gerald Dworkin, John Earman, Ellery Eells, Catherine Z. Elgin, Berent Enç, Ronald P. Endicott, Edward Erwin, John Etchemendy, C. Stephen Evans, Susan L. Feagin, Solomon Feferman, Richard Feldman, Arthur Fine, Maurice A. Finocchiaro, William FitzPatrick, Richard E. Flathman, Gvozden Flego, Richard Foley, Graeme Forbes, Rainer Forst, Malcolm R. Forster, Daniel Fouke, Patrick Francken, Samuel Freeman, Elizabeth Fricker, Miranda Fricker, Michael Friedman, Michael Fuerstein, Richard A. Fumerton, Alan Gabbey, Pieranna Garavaso, Daniel Garber, Jorge L. A. Garcia, Robert K. Garcia, Don Garrett, Philip Gasper, Gerald Gaus, Berys Gaut, Bernard Gert, Roger F. Gibson, Cody Gilmore, Carl Ginet, Alan H. Goldman, Alvin I. Goldman, Alfonso Gömez-Lobo, Lenn E. Goodman, Robert M. Gordon, Stefan Gosepath, Jorge J. E. Gracia, Daniel W. Graham, George A. Graham, Peter J. Graham, Richard E. Grandy, I. Grattan-Guinness, John Greco, Philip T. Grier, Nicholas Griffin, Nicholas Griffin, David A. Griffiths, Paul J. Griffiths, Stephen R. Grimm, Charles L. Griswold, Charles B. Guignon, Pete A. Y. Gunter, Dimitri Gutas, Gary Gutting, Paul Guyer, Kwame Gyekye, Oscar A. Haac, Raul Hakli, Raul Hakli, Michael Hallett, Edward C. Halper, Jean Hampton, R. James Hankinson, K. R. Hanley, Russell Hardin, Robert M. Harnish, William Harper, David Harrah, Kevin Hart, Ali Hasan, William Hasker, John Haugeland, Roger Hausheer, William Heald, Peter Heath, Richard Heck, John F. Heil, Vincent F. Hendricks, Stephen Hetherington, Francis Heylighen, Kathleen Marie Higgins, Risto Hilpinen, Harold T. Hodes, Joshua Hoffman, Alan Holland, Robert L. Holmes, Richard Holton, Brad W. Hooker, Terence E. Horgan, Tamara Horowitz, Paul Horwich, Vittorio Hösle, Paul Hoβfeld, Daniel Howard-Snyder, Frances Howard-Snyder, Anne Hudson, Deal W. Hudson, Carl A. Huffman, David L. Hull, Patricia Huntington, Thomas Hurka, Paul Hurley, Rosalind Hursthouse, Guillermo Hurtado, Ronald E. Hustwit, Sarah Hutton, Jonathan Jenkins Ichikawa, Harry A. Ide, David Ingram, Philip J. Ivanhoe, Alfred L. Ivry, Frank Jackson, Dale Jacquette, Joseph Jedwab, Richard Jeffrey, David Alan Johnson, Edward Johnson, Mark D. Jordan, Richard Joyce, Hwa Yol Jung, Robert Hillary Kane, Tomis Kapitan, Jacquelyn Ann K. Kegley, James A. Keller, Ralph Kennedy, Sergei Khoruzhii, Jaegwon Kim, Yersu Kim, Nathan L. King, Patricia Kitcher, Peter D. Klein, E. D. Klemke, Virginia Klenk, George L. Kline, Christian Klotz, Simo Knuuttila, Joseph J. Kockelmans, Konstantin Kolenda, Sebastian Tomasz Kołodziejczyk, Isaac Kramnick, Richard Kraut, Fred Kroon, Manfred Kuehn, Steven T. Kuhn, Henry E. Kyburg, John Lachs, Jennifer Lackey, Stephen E. Lahey, Andrea Lavazza, Thomas H. Leahey, Joo Heung Lee, Keith Lehrer, Dorothy Leland, Noah M. Lemos, Ernest LePore, Sarah-Jane Leslie, Isaac Levi, Andrew Levine, Alan E. Lewis, Daniel E. Little, Shu-hsien Liu, Shu-hsien Liu, Alan K. L. Chan, Brian Loar, Lawrence B. Lombard, John Longeway, Dominic McIver Lopes, Michael J. Loux, E. J. Lowe, Steven Luper, Eugene C. Luschei, William G. Lycan, David Lyons, David Macarthur, Danielle Macbeth, Scott MacDonald, Jacob L. Mackey, Louis H. Mackey, Penelope Mackie, Edward H. Madden, Penelope Maddy, G. B. Madison, Bernd Magnus, Pekka Mäkelä, Rudolf A. Makkreel, David Manley, William E. Mann (W.E.M.), Vladimir Marchenkov, Peter Markie, Jean-Pierre Marquis, Ausonio Marras, Mike W. Martin, A. P. Martinich, William L. McBride, David McCabe, Storrs McCall, Hugh J. McCann, Robert N. McCauley, John J. McDermott, Sarah McGrath, Ralph McInerny, Daniel J. McKaughan, Thomas McKay, Michael McKinsey, Brian P. McLaughlin, Ernan McMullin, Anthonie Meijers, Jack W. Meiland, William Jason Melanson, Alfred R. Mele, Joseph R. Mendola, Christopher Menzel, Michael J. Meyer, Christian B. Miller, David W. Miller, Peter Millican, Robert N. Minor, Phillip Mitsis, James A. Montmarquet, Michael S. Moore, Tim Moore, Benjamin Morison, Donald R. Morrison, Stephen J. Morse, Paul K. Moser, Alexander P. D. Mourelatos, Ian Mueller, James Bernard Murphy, Mark C. Murphy, Steven Nadler, Jan Narveson, Alan Nelson, Jerome Neu, Samuel Newlands, Kai Nielsen, Ilkka Niiniluoto, Carlos G. Noreña, Calvin G. Normore, David Fate Norton, Nikolaj Nottelmann, Donald Nute, David S. Oderberg, Steve Odin, Michael O’Rourke, Willard G. Oxtoby, Heinz Paetzold, George S. Pappas, Anthony J. Parel, Lydia Patton, R. P. Peerenboom, Francis Jeffry Pelletier, Adriaan T. Peperzak, Derk Pereboom, Jaroslav Peregrin, Glen Pettigrove, Philip Pettit, Edmund L. Pincoffs, Andrew Pinsent, Robert B. Pippin, Alvin Plantinga, Louis P. Pojman, Richard H. Popkin, John F. Post, Carl J. Posy, William J. Prior, Richard Purtill, Michael Quante, Philip L. Quinn, Philip L. Quinn, Elizabeth S. Radcliffe, Diana Raffman, Gerard Raulet, Stephen L. Read, Andrews Reath, Andrew Reisner, Nicholas Rescher, Henry S. Richardson, Robert C. Richardson, Thomas Ricketts, Wayne D. Riggs, Mark Roberts, Robert C. Roberts, Luke Robinson, Alexander Rosenberg, Gary Rosenkranz, Bernice Glatzer Rosenthal, Adina L. Roskies, William L. Rowe, T. M. Rudavsky, Michael Ruse, Bruce Russell, Lilly-Marlene Russow, Dan Ryder, R. M. Sainsbury, Joseph Salerno, Nathan Salmon, Wesley C. Salmon, Constantine Sandis, David H. Sanford, Marco Santambrogio, David Sapire, Ruth A. Saunders, Geoffrey Sayre-McCord, Charles Sayward, James P. Scanlan, Richard Schacht, Tamar Schapiro, Frederick F. Schmitt, Jerome B. Schneewind, Calvin O. Schrag, Alan D. Schrift, George F. Schumm, Jean-Loup Seban, David N. Sedley, Kenneth Seeskin, Krister Segerberg, Charlene Haddock Seigfried, Dennis M. Senchuk, James F. Sennett, William Lad Sessions, Stewart Shapiro, Tommie Shelby, Donald W. Sherburne, Christopher Shields, Roger A. Shiner, Sydney Shoemaker, Robert K. Shope, Kwong-loi Shun, Wilfried Sieg, A. John Simmons, Robert L. Simon, Marcus G. Singer, Georgette Sinkler, Walter Sinnott-Armstrong, Matti T. Sintonen, Lawrence Sklar, Brian Skyrms, Robert C. Sleigh, Michael Anthony Slote, Hans Sluga, Barry Smith, Michael Smith, Robin Smith, Robert Sokolowski, Robert C. Solomon, Marta Soniewicka, Philip Soper, Ernest Sosa, Nicholas Southwood, Paul Vincent Spade, T. L. S. Sprigge, Eric O. Springsted, George J. Stack, Rebecca Stangl, Jason Stanley, Florian Steinberger, Sören Stenlund, Christopher Stephens, James P. Sterba, Josef Stern, Matthias Steup, M. A. Stewart, Leopold Stubenberg, Edith Dudley Sulla, Frederick Suppe, Jere Paul Surber, David George Sussman, Sigrún Svavarsdóttir, Zeno G. Swijtink, Richard Swinburne, Charles C. Taliaferro, Robert B. Talisse, John Tasioulas, Paul Teller, Larry S. Temkin, Mark Textor, H. S. Thayer, Peter Thielke, Alan Thomas, Amie L. Thomasson, Katherine Thomson-Jones, Joshua C. Thurow, Vzalerie Tiberius, Terrence N. Tice, Paul Tidman, Mark C. Timmons, William Tolhurst, James E. Tomberlin, Rosemarie Tong, Lawrence Torcello, Kelly Trogdon, J. D. Trout, Robert E. Tully, Raimo Tuomela, John Turri, Martin M. Tweedale, Thomas Uebel, Jennifer Uleman, James Van Cleve, Harry van der Linden, Peter van Inwagen, Bryan W. Van Norden, René van Woudenberg, Donald Phillip Verene, Samantha Vice, Thomas Vinci, Donald Wayne Viney, Barbara Von Eckardt, Peter B. M. Vranas, Steven J. Wagner, William J. Wainwright, Paul E. Walker, Robert E. Wall, Craig Walton, Douglas Walton, Eric Watkins, Richard A. Watson, Michael V. Wedin, Rudolph H. Weingartner, Paul Weirich, Paul J. Weithman, Carl Wellman, Howard Wettstein, Samuel C. Wheeler, Stephen A. White, Jennifer Whiting, Edward R. Wierenga, Michael Williams, Fred Wilson, W. Kent Wilson, Kenneth P. Winkler, John F. Wippel, Jan Woleński, Allan B. Wolter, Nicholas P. Wolterstorff, Rega Wood, W. Jay Wood, Paul Woodruff, Alison Wylie, Gideon Yaffe, Takashi Yagisawa, Yutaka Yamamoto, Keith E. Yandell, Xiaomei Yang, Dean Zimmerman, Günter Zoller, Catherine Zuckert, Michael Zuckert, Jack A. Zupko (J.A.Z.)
- Edited by Robert Audi, University of Notre Dame, Indiana
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- Book:
- The Cambridge Dictionary of Philosophy
- Published online:
- 05 August 2015
- Print publication:
- 27 April 2015, pp ix-xxx
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The relationship between plasma testosterone concentrations and the seasonal variation in voluntary feed intake in fallow bucks (Dama dama)
- R. E. NEWMAN, S. J. McCONNELL, R. H. WESTON, M. REEVES, C. BERNASCONI, P. J. BAKER, P. C. WYNN
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- Journal:
- The Journal of Agricultural Science / Volume 130 / Issue 3 / May 1998
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 01 May 1998, pp. 357-366
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In two experiments conducted at Badgery's Creek, NSW (Latitude 34°S) the roles of testosterone and the thyroid hormones triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) as possible initiators of the change in voluntary feed intake (VFI) associated with the seasonal reproductive behaviour (rut) in male fallow deer were investigated.
In Expt 1, the association between changes in these hormones with the onset of the rut was assessed in deer in which the timing of this event was manipulated by changing the photoperiod, or by melatonin administration. Groups were maintained under either natural photoperiod (n=6; control), a constant long daylength (16 h light[ratio ]8 h dark; n=9; LD group) or a constant long daylength and implanted with melatonin capsules (n=5; LD+M group) for 7 months from December until the following July. Blood samples were obtained weekly and VFI recorded.
Feed intake decreased by 94% from the last week of March for 3 weeks in the control group. Changes of a similar magnitude were measured in the LD and LD+M groups but these changes were advanced by 1 and 9 weeks respectively in these groups. In all groups, circulating testosterone concentrations increased markedly at a time corresponding with the decrease in VFI. The concentrations returned to basal levels with the resumption in VFI. A distinct decrease in plasma concentrations of T3 and T4 in all three groups was associated with the decrease in VFI, however, the relationship with T3 was less apparent.
In Expt 2, the role of testosterone in the regulation of the decline in VFI was investigated. Fallow bucks were treated with testosterone enanthate every 4 or 5 days for 28 days up to 6 weeks prior to the expected onset of the rut. Plasma testosterone concentrations, which were increased 13-fold, resulted in a decline in VFI which was comparable to that observed in the subsequent rut. Plasma free fatty acid concentrations were correlated negatively with the decline in VFI.
Thus, the seasonal increase in circulating testosterone concentrations plays an important role in initiating the fall in VFI associated with the rut. As the rut was still apparent in animals maintained under an extended photoperiod, it is possible that factors other than decreasing daylength act as the cue for the timing of the rut.
Sintered Glasses for High-Level Wastes
- D. O. Russo, N. B. Messi de Bernasconi, M. E. Sterba, A. D. Heredia, M. Sanfilippo, S. Prastalo, J. C. Sbriller
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- Journal:
- MRS Online Proceedings Library Archive / Volume 465 / 1996
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 03 September 2012, 205
- Print publication:
- 1996
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The objective of the work was to evaluate the long-term capacity of sintered glass to retain high-level nuclear wastes (HLW) in near-repository conditions. We have studied the corrosion behavior of waste forms partially devitrified (43 vol.%) in different aqueous media. Devitrified samples were irradiated at doses (γ radiation from a Co 60 source) ranging from 1.4 × 106 Gy to 2.0 × 108 Gy, in order to study their aqueous corrosion resistance in simulated underground water. The results show little or no effect of irradiation on the density, microstructure and corrosion resistance. The global dissolution rate was almost constant around a value of 5×10−5 g. cm−2 d−1. Elemental dissolution rates were also unaffected by radiation.
Psychiatric Diagnoses in Ulcerative Colitis: A Controlled Study
- G. Magni, G. Bernasconi, P. Mauro, A. D'Odorico, G. C Sturniolo, G. Canton, A. Martin
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- Journal:
- The British Journal of Psychiatry / Volume 158 / Issue 3 / March 1991
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 02 January 2018, pp. 413-415
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- March 1991
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Fifty patients with UC and 50 matched controls with urolithiasis were interviewed with the SADS (lifetime version) and completed the SCL–90. According to information given during the SADS, there was a history of psychiatric disturbance in 11 UC patients (22%) and 8 controls (16%). At the time of the interview a psychiatric disturbance was present in 31 UC patients (62%) and four controls (8%), the most frequent diagnoses in the former being minor depression and generalised anxiety disorder. Patients with UC scored significantly higher than the controls on all the different SCL–90 subscales.