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Bipolar and obsessive-compulsive disorders psychopathological intersection: An exploratory study
- Y. A. Ferrao, M. Bertoluci, L. S. Boff, H. Beckhauser, I. Ghiorzi, G. Langa
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- Journal:
- European Psychiatry / Volume 66 / Issue S1 / March 2023
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 19 July 2023, p. S232
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Introduction
Bipolar Mood Disorder (BD) and Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) are psychiatric conditions that frequently co-occur and express a challenging phenomenology for treatment and diagnosis, since obsessive-compulsive symptoms tend to fluctuate according to mood phases of BD patients. Understanding the shared psychopathology of this comorbidity has relevant implications for the treatment of these patients, and the hypothesis that BD and OCD would have a shared neurobiology is currently being discussed. Most studies of this comorbidity have examined differences between BD and BD/OCD patients or between OCD and BD/OCD patients. This study aimed to analyze in detail the clinical, phenomenological and psychopathological characteristics of patients with BD, OCD, and BD/OCD.
ObjectivesThis study aimed to analyze in detail the clinical, phenomenological andpsychopathological characteristics of patients with BD, OCD, and BD/OCD.
MethodsThis study consisted of a sample of 21 BD patients, 21 OCD patients and 21 BD/OCD patients who underwent the application of the MINI, Y-BOCS, DY-BOCS, HAM-D, HAM-A, YMRS, of Sensory Phenomena (USP), as well as questions about sociodemographic characteristics, personal and family psychiatric history. We performed the YBOCS scale asking patients with BD to respond 3 times the scale: in the current time (during euthimya) and retrospectively for previous manic or depressive episodes.
ResultsBD/OCD group had a higher rate of having stopped working due to comorbid disorders, a higher history of family suicide attempt and completed family suicide, a higher prevalence of substance use disorder in the family, and a higher prevalence of hoarding symptoms. In the BD sample, 47,6% had obsessive-compulsive symptoms. The presence of OCD conferred a higher prevalence of sensory phenomena. Patients reported a 19% (median, 0.19, range -1.00 to 1.88) worsening of OCD during depression, and a 9.5% worsening (median, 0.095, range of -1.00 to 1.36) during the manic phase.
ConclusionsThe results suggest that BD/OCD patients have greater loss of functionality, higher rates of hoarding symptoms, family history with greater suicidality and higher rates of substance use disorder (SUD) and worsening of OCD in both mania and depression. The psychopathological findings of this study allow us to conclude that BD/OCD patients have higher morbidity.
LIMITATIONS: Small size sample and possible recall bias in the interview, as questions wereasked retrospectively.
Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Prevalence of depression among older Americans: the Aging, Demographics and Memory Study
- David C. Steffens, Gwenith G. Fisher, Kenneth M. Langa, Guy G. Potter, Brenda L. Plassman
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- Journal:
- International Psychogeriatrics / Volume 21 / Issue 5 / October 2009
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 12 June 2009, pp. 879-888
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Background: Previous studies have attempted to provide estimates of depression prevalence in older adults. The Aging, Demographics and Memory Study (ADAMS) is a population-representative study that included a depression assessment, providing an opportunity to estimate the prevalence of depression in late life in the U.S.A.
Methods: The ADAMS sample was drawn from the larger Health and Retirement Study. A total of 851 of 856 ADAMS participants aged 71 and older had available depression data. Depression was measured using the Composite International Diagnostic Interview – Short Form (CIDI-SF) and the informant depression section of the Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI). We estimated the national prevalence of depression, stratified by age, race, sex, and cognitive status. Logistic regression analyses were performed to examine the association of depression and previously reported risk factors for the condition.
Results: When combining symptoms of major or minor depression with reported treatment for depression, we found an overall depression prevalence of 11.19%. Prevalence was similar for men (10.19%) and women (11.44%). Whites and Hispanics had nearly three times the prevalence of depression found in African-Americans. Dementia diagnosis and pain severity were associated with increased depression prevalence, while black race was associated with lower rates of depression.
Conclusions: The finding of similar prevalence estimates for depression in men and women was not consistent with prior research that has shown a female predominance. Given the population-representativeness of our sample, similar depression rates between the sexes in ADAMS may result from racial, ethnic and socioeconomic diversity.