3 results
Onset of fast magnetic reconnection and particle energization in laboratory and space plasmas
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- F. Pucci, M. Velli, C. Shi, K. A. P. Singh, A. Tenerani, F. Alladio, F. Ambrosino, P. Buratti, W. Fox, J. Jara-Almonte, H. Ji, M. Yamada, J. Yoo, S. Okamura, R. Ergun, S. Hoilijoki, S. Schwartz
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- Journal:
- Journal of Plasma Physics / Volume 86 / Issue 6 / December 2020
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 01 December 2020, 535860601
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The onset of magnetic reconnection in space, astrophysical and laboratory plasmas is reviewed discussing results from theory, numerical simulations and observations. After a brief introduction on magnetic reconnection and approach to the question of onset, we first discuss recent theoretical models and numerical simulations, followed by observations of reconnection and its effects in space and astrophysical plasmas from satellites and ground-based detectors, as well as measurements of reconnection in laboratory plasma experiments. Mechanisms allowing reconnection spanning from collisional resistivity to kinetic effects as well as partial ionization are described, providing a description valid over a wide range of plasma parameters, and therefore applicable in principle to many different astrophysical and laboratory environments. Finally, we summarize the implications of reconnection onset physics for plasma dynamics throughout the Universe and illustrate how capturing the dynamics correctly is important to understanding particle acceleration. The goal of this review is to give a view on the present status of this topic and future interesting investigations, offering a unified approach.
Project “social point”: Partnership of sociality activities of mental health service recipients
- V. Poggi, R. Ambrosino, M. Ciambellini, S. Ferrari, E. Melati, L. Pingani, M. Rigatelli
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- Journal:
- European Psychiatry / Volume 26 / Issue S2 / March 2011
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 16 April 2020, p. 581
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The project “Social Point” deals in promoting integration of Mental Health Service recipients within contexts of social relationship, voluntary work and community activism. The project is still taking place in the district of Modena.
AimsAssessment of the effectiveness of the project SP: production of a change in quality of life; development of purposeful relationships out of families and health services; development of Mental Health Service recipients’ awareness of being not only a user of the health service but also a resourceful person; change of method and approach within relationship between Mental Health and community and public services.
MethodsAt the beginning and at the end of the integration courses (autumn/winter 2010 and after 6–8 months), both individuals and collectives, every Mental Health Service recipient was asked to fill in a form with socio-demographic characteristics and the WHOQOL-bref. A social network diagram was subsequently drawn.
Expected resultsAt the end of the research (September 2010) joining courses directed to the development of social relationship is forecast to improve the quality of life of the recipients, to increment purposeful relationships and to strengthen empowerment of persons with mental disease by promoting a different project of life no more illness-based but resource-based.
ConclusionThe study will provide evidences about the performance of the project with regard to the promotion of the social integration of citizens with mental disease in contexts, to the empowerment and to the promotion of processes of social.
16 - A novel understanding of the three-way interaction between Trichoderma spp., the colonized plant and fungal pathogens
- from V - Fungal biocontrol of pests
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- By S. L. Woo, Dipartimento di Arboricoltura Botanica e Patologia Vegetale Sezione Patologia Vegetale Universita degli Studi di Napoli Federico II Via Universita 100–80055 Portici (NA) Italy, M. Ruocco, Dipartimento di Arboricoltura Botanica e Patologia Vegetale Sezione Patologia Vegetale Universita degli Studi di Napoli Federico II Via Universita 100–80055 Portici (NA) Italy, R. Ciliento, Dipartimento di Arboricoltura Botanica e Patologia Vegetale Sezione Patologia Vegetale Universita degli Studi di Napoli Federico II Via Universita 100–80055 Portici (NA) Italy, P. Ambrosino, Dipartimento di Arboricoltura Botanica e Patologia Vegetale Sezione Patologia Vegetale Universita degli Studi di Napoli Federico II Via Universita 100–80055 Portici (NA) Italy, R. Marra, Dipartimento di Arboricoltura Botanica e Patologia Vegetale Sezione Patologia Vegetale Universita degli Studi di Napoli Federico II Via Universita 100–80055 Portici (NA) Italy, F. Vinale, Dipartimento di Arboricoltura Botanica e Patologia Vegetale Sezione Patologia Vegetale Universita degli Studi di Napoli Federico II Via Universita 100–80055 Portici (NA) Italy, S. Lanzuise, Dipartimento di Arboricoltura Botanica e Patologia Vegetale Sezione Patologia Vegetale Universita degli Studi di Napoli Federico II Via Universita 100–80055 Portici (NA) Italy, D. Turrà, Dipartimento di Arboricoltura Botanica e Patologia Vegetale Sezione Patologia Vegetale Universita degli Studi di Napoli Federico II Via Universita 100–80055 Portici (NA) Italy, S. Ferraioli, Dipartimento di Arboricoltura Botanica e Patologia Vegetale Sezione Patologia Vegetale Universita degli Studi di Napoli Federico II Via Universita 100–80055 Portici (NA) Italy, I. Soriente, Dipartimento di Arboricoltura Botanica e Patologia Vegetale Sezione Patologia Vegetale Universita degli Studi di Napoli Federico II Via Universita 100–80055 Portici (NA) Italy, S. Gigante, Dipartimento di Arboricoltura Botanica e Patologia Vegetale Sezione Patologia Vegetale Universita degli Studi di Napoli Federico II Via Universita 100–80055 Portici (NA) Italy, F. Scala, Dipartimento di Arboricoltura Botanica e Patologia Vegetale Sezione Patologia Vegetale Universita degli Studi di Napoli Federico II Via Universita 100–80055 Portici (NA) Italy, M. Lorito, Dipartimento di Arboricoltura Botanica e Patologia Vegetale Sezione Patologia Vegetale Universita degli Studi di Napoli Federico II Via Universita 100–80055 Portici (NA) Italy
- Edited by G. D. Robson, University of Manchester, Pieter van West, University of Aberdeen, Geoffrey Gadd, University of Dundee
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- Book:
- Exploitation of Fungi
- Published online:
- 05 October 2013
- Print publication:
- 24 May 2007, pp 291-309
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Summary
Abstract
Trichoderma-based biofungicides are a reality in agriculture, with more than 50 formulations available today as registered products worldwide. Several strategies have been applied to identify the main genes and compounds involved in this complex cross-talk between the fungal antagonist and the microbial pathogen, as mediated by the plant. Proteome and genome analysis have greatly enhanced our ability to conduct holistic and genome-based functional studies. We have identified and determined the role of a variety of novel genes and gene-products, including ABC transporters, enzymes and other proteins that produce or act as novel elicitors of induced systemic resistance, proteins recognized by the plant as avirulence factors, as well as molecules that generally activate the antagonistic activity in Trichoderma spp. We have cloned mycoparasitism-related promoters and used them in combination with GFP and other markers to study the interaction in vivo and in situ between Trichoderma and the fungal pathogen or the plant. Finally, we have transgenically improved the ability of the antagonist to kill other microbes and to activate plant defence mechanisms.
Introduction
Plant diseases caused by pathogenic fungi infections represent a major limiting factor for the cultivation and the conservation of agricultural plants of interest. The consequences of parasite attack result in both quantitative and qualitative reduction of crop production, large economic losses and represent a risk for human and animal health due to the accumulation of residues in the environment and mycotoxin contaminants in food products.