108 results
Exercise addiction: is it linked to eating disorders? A cross-sectional study in a sample of Tunisian athlete students
- N. Smaoui, O. Bouattour, R. Feki, I. Gassara, M. Maalej, N. Charfi, J. Ben Thabet, M. Maalej, S. Omri, L. Zouari
-
- Journal:
- European Psychiatry / Volume 67 / Issue S1 / April 2024
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 27 August 2024, p. S295
-
- Article
-
- You have access Access
- Open access
- Export citation
-
Introduction
Eating disorders and sports addiction are becoming increasingly common among athletes.It’s important to be aware of these disorders in order to improve their overall prevention.
ObjectivesThe aim of our study was to determine the links between exercise addiction (EA) and eating disorders in Tunisian students at the Institute of Physical Education and to examine the factors associated with these disorders.
MethodsAn anonymous self-administered questionnaire was distributed to students in the Sfax and Gafsa sports sections during March 2023. The Exercise Addiction Inventory (EAI) was used to study exercise addiction. It is a scale whose purpose is to separate individuals into 3 groups: those at risk of exercise addiction (score ≥ 24), those non-addicts with symptoms (score 13 to 23) and those non-addicts without symptoms (score 0 to 12).
Eating disorders were assessed using the SCOFF-F questionnaire ( Sick, Control, One stone, Fat, Food), with a score of 2 or more indicating possible eating disorders.
ResultsWe collected 240 participants. The mean SCOFF-F and EAI scores were 1.7±1.3 and 16.6 ± 4.1 respectively. Among the participants, 52.9% of students were at risk of developing eating disorders and 2.5% of students were at risk of exercise addiction. In our study, 82.5% of students took part in regular physical activity in a gym. The main reasons for going to the gym were muscle strengthening (57.9%) and preparation for a sporting competition (37%).
Among students exercising outside the institute, the mean SCOFF score was significantly higher for those doing so to prepare for a sports competition (p=0.001), for professional obligations (p=0.005) or for weight loss (p=0.001). Participants at risk of exercise addiction had a higher mean SCOFF score, but the difference was not significant (p=0.051).
ConclusionsOur study shows that eating disorders were widespread among Tunisian athlete students, and were higher among students at risk of exercise addiction.
Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
What link between violence against women and self-esteem?
- M. Abdelkefi, R. Feki, A. Turki, I. Gassara, N. Smaoui, S. Omri, N. Charfi, L. Zouari, J. Ben Thabet, M. Maalej Bouali, M. Maalej
-
- Journal:
- European Psychiatry / Volume 67 / Issue S1 / April 2024
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 27 August 2024, p. S804
-
- Article
-
- You have access Access
- Open access
- Export citation
-
Introduction
Violence against women is a public health problem worldwide and a violation of human rights. It affects women’s lives due to its potential short-, medium- or long-term physical and psychological consequences.
ObjectivesThe aim of our study is to explore the link between violence against women and self-esteem.
MethodsA descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from March to August 2023 among Tunisian women consulting in three health care centers in Sfax, Tunisia. We have included women victims of violence (psychological, physical, sexual, and economic). We have used a semi-structured interview and the Rosenberg scale to determine the quality of self-esteem.
ResultsAmong one hundred interviewed women, fifty-four women who had reported being violence victims were included in our study. The mean age of the participants was 44 years with the majority being married (87 %). Only 29.6% had a high school level and 51.9% had a profession. A total of 29.6% had a low socioeconomic status.
We found that 79.6% are victims of domestic violence (57.4% being victims of spousal violence). Psychological violence seemed to be the most frequent type (59.3%).
Almost all those who were abused (90.6%) experienced psychological (emotional) violence.
The mean score of the Rosenberg self-esteem scale was 31.54.
Self-esteem was very low in 16.7%, low in 37%, medium in 18.5%, and high in 27.8% of the women.
A statistically significant association was found between being a victim of spousal violence and low self-esteem (p=0.032). The semi-structured interview demonstrates that women with low self-esteem are more likely to accept violence.
ConclusionsThese results justify the implementation of screening and support programs for women victims of violence to improve their self-esteem.
Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Fear of childbirth in a sample of Tunisian women: factors related to pregnancy
- M. Abdelkefi, R. Feki, R. Walha, W. Zid, I. Gassara, N. Smaoui, S. Omri, N. Charfi, L. Zouari, J. Ben thabet, K. Chaabene, M. Maalej bouali, M. Maalej
-
- Journal:
- European Psychiatry / Volume 67 / Issue S1 / April 2024
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 27 August 2024, p. S804
-
- Article
-
- You have access Access
- Open access
- Export citation
-
Introduction
Fear of childbirth is attracting growing interest because of its impact on the experience of pregnancy and on the progress of childbirth and it seems that some women are more susceptible to fear of childbirth than others are.
ObjectivesOur objective is to identify pregnancy factors that predict the fear of childbirth.
MethodsWe approached 350 pregnant women consulting at the Gynecology-Obstetrics department of the Hedi Chaker University Hospital of Sfax. We collected their sociodemographic and clinical data. Fear of childbirth was assessed using the French version of the Traumatic Event Scale (TES), adapted to assess fear of childbirth.
ResultsThe mean age of the participants was 28 years (16-41) and the mean gestational weak was 36.27. Half of the participants (53.7%) were nulliparous, and eight reported a history of infertility. The pregnancy was not planned in 61% of cases. As many as 67% of the participants had regular checkups, 50.3% had exaggerated somatic symptoms and 34.3% had pregnancy-related diseases.
The mean score for the TES was 48.73 ± 13.72.
We found a positive correlation between the TES score and nulliparity (p=0.01), gestational age ≥ 40 weeks (p=0.01), planned pregnancy (p=0.002), exaggerated somatic symptoms (p=0.03), and pregnancy-related diseases (p<0.001).
ConclusionsIdentification of women at risk for fear of childbirth could help in preparing them before or during pregnancy to improve their childbirth experiences.
Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Factors Driving the Emigration Intentions of Young Tunisian Medical Professionals
- W. Haouari, S. Omri, A. Labyadh, R. Feki, I. Gassara, N. Charfi, J. Ben Thabet, M. B. Maalej, N. Smaoui, L. Zouari, M. Maalej
-
- Journal:
- European Psychiatry / Volume 67 / Issue S1 / April 2024
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 27 August 2024, pp. S829-S830
-
- Article
-
- You have access Access
- Open access
- Export citation
-
Introduction
Emigration has a substantial impact on Tunisia’s healthcare sector. Graduates, including medical students at different educational levels, as well as general practitioners and specialists, often choose to emigrate. Some do so to pursue further studies abroad, while others seek careers and settlement primarily in Europe. This phenomenon exerts a significant influence on the quality of healthcare systems in their home countries.
ObjectivesTo evaluate the inclination to emigrate among medical residents employed in Tunisian healthcare institutions and to identify the factors associated with this intention.
MethodsThis is a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted among medical residents undergoing their training in various healthcare facilities in Tunisia. The study employed an online questionnaire to assess the degree of satisfaction with various aspects of their professional life and the socio-economic situation in the country, as well as their intention to emigrate. Satisfaction levels were measured using a 4-point Likert scale, ranging from “very dissatisfied” to “very satisfied”.
ResultsA total of 50 physicians participated in the survey. Among them, 72% were female, 80% were single, with an average age of 27.72 years at the time of the study. Regarding their professional status, 84% worked in university hospitals, 16% specialized in surgery, 40% specialized in medicine, and 44% were family physicians. The majority were students from the Faculty of Medicine in Sfax (56%), with 30% in Monastir, 8% in Tunis, and 6% in Sousse. The study found that 68% of medical residents expressed an intention to emigrate. Among the participants, 74% were dissatisfied with their working conditions, and 68% were dissatisfied with workplace safety. Additionally, 84% were dissatisfied with their salaries, 40% with their workload, 54% with supervision, and the quality of training provided in their hospitals. The political situation in the country and social security were considered unsatisfactory by 92% and 90% of the participants, respectively. Among the potential reasons studied to explain this emigration phenomenon, working conditions were a factor in 54% of cases, salary in 56%, training in 36%, and quality of life in 56%.
ConclusionsThe emigration of young Tunisian medical professionals is driven by a range of factors, including working conditions, salaries, training opportunities, and quality of life. To counteract this phenomenon, it is crucial to enhance these aspects in order to retain these talented individuals in the country and thereby bolster the Tunisian healthcare system.
Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Prevalence of suicidal behavior in bipolar type 1 patients
- F. Tabib, S. Omri, R. Bouaziz, I. Gassara, R. Feki, L. Zouari, J. Ben Thabet, N. Charfi, M. Maalej, N. Smaoui, M. M. Bouali
-
- Journal:
- European Psychiatry / Volume 67 / Issue S1 / April 2024
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 27 August 2024, pp. S782-S783
-
- Article
-
- You have access Access
- Open access
- Export citation
-
Introduction
The prevalence of suicidal behavior in individuals diagnosed with Bipolar Disorder Type 1 is a topic of great concern within the field of psychiatry and mental health research. Bipolar Disorder Type 1 is characterized by extreme mood fluctuations that can contribute to a heightened risk of suicidal ideation, attempts, and completions in affected individuals.
Objectives- To examine the socio-demographic and clinical profiles of Bipolar Type 1 patients admitted to the “C” psychiatry department at Hedi Chaker Hospital in Sfax, Tunisia.
- To identify and understand the factors associated with suicidal behavior in this population.
MethodsWe conducted a retrospective descriptive and analytic study of hospitalized patients suffering from bipolar disorder type 1 in the psychiatry department “C”, Hedi Chaker Hospital, Sfax Tunisia from 2021 to 2023. Socioeconomic data and clinical profiles of patients were collected from archived files.
ResultsThe total number of patients was 98, with an average age of 36.74 ± 12.3 years. The majority were single (67%), living with their families (76.5%), jobless (45.9%), and receiving family support (94.9%). In terms of psychoactive substance use, 81.6% have used tobacco, 46.9% have used alcohol, and 34.7% have used cannabis.
Concerning family history, 55% of patients had at least one family member being treated for a mood disorder. Among them, 7.1% had attempted suicide, and 6.1% had died by suicide.
Concerning the clinical profile of the study population, 28.6% had a personal somatic history. The diagnosis of bipolar disorder was made at the age of 27.52±8.6 years. 11.2% had a comorbid personality disorder with bipolar disorder.
The majority of patients were on antipsychotics (95.9%), 84.7% were using mood stabilizers, 33.7% were prescribed anxiolytics, and only 4.1% were on antidepressants. Treatment compliance was poor in 61.2% of cases and 63.3% of patients had a poor insight.
Ten percent of these patients had attempted suicide, 50% during a depressive episode, 50% occurring during a depressive episode, 30% during a manic episode, and 40% of attempts were related to discontinuation of treatment. 3.1% had used hanging, and 3.1% had engaged in voluntary drug ingestion as a method of self-harm. None of the suicide attempts necessitated intensive care hospitalization, but 60% of the individuals were admitted to psychiatric care. There was a statistically significant correlation between suicide attempts and a family history of suicide (p=0.049).
ConclusionsBipolar patients face a heightened risk of suicide, which is closely tied to the distinctive attributes of the disorder, including biological factors, thymic decompensation, and psychological aspects. Consequently, managing their condition necessitates a tailored approach, demanding ongoing vigilance for individuals diagnosed with bipolar disorder.
Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Sociodemographic and Clinical Profile of Perpetrators of conjugal Homicides
- W. Haouari, S. Omri, A. Labyadh, R. Feki, I. Gassara, L. Zouari, J. Ben Thabet, N. Charfi, M. B. Maalej, N. Smaoui, M. Maalej
-
- Journal:
- European Psychiatry / Volume 67 / Issue S1 / April 2024
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 27 August 2024, p. S163
-
- Article
-
- You have access Access
- Open access
- Export citation
-
Introduction
Conjugal homicide refers to the act of killing a current or former intimate life partner, regardless of their marital status. This type of behavior is still inadequately addressed by prevention programs, as it is often regarded as exceptional compared to other forms of domestic violence.
ObjectivesTo describe the sociodemographic, clinical, and criminological data of individuals who commit spousal homicide.
MethodsThis is a retrospective descriptive study of 21 psychiatric expertise files conducted between January 2002 and September 2023 in the psychiatric department of Hedi Chaker Hospital in Sfax. Sociodemographic, clinical, and criminological data were collected from criminal psychiatric expertise files and supplemented with information from medical records.
ResultsThe perpetrators of spousal homicide were predominantly male (85.7%), had an educational level above secondary school (57.1%), were married (85.7%), and had an average age at the time of the act of 40.3 years. Most of them had no psychiatric history (81%) or legal history(85%), and only 19% were using psychoactive substances.
Among the perpetrators, 66.7% had a history of violence against their partners, with threats of homicide in 19% of cases. The majority of homicides occurred during the day (42.9%), in a public place (28.6%), were perpetrated in isolation (95.2%), happened impulsively (47.6%), and employed a single method (81%), with knives being the primary weapon (42.9%). In 76.2% of cases, the perpetrators of spousal homicides were found criminally responsible, while 19% were hospitalized in a psychiatric setting as part of a judicial non-prosecution decision.
ConclusionsThe study of specific characteristics of spousal homicides holds crucial importance for the early detection of domestic violence situations that carry a lethal risk. By highlighting these particularities, it enables the development of more targeted prevention strategies.
Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs about psychotropic medication among patients with mental disorders
- M. Abdelkefi, R. Feki, I. Gassara, S. Omri, N. Smaoui, N. Charfi, L. Zouari, J. Ben thabet, M. Maalej bouali, M. Maalej
-
- Journal:
- European Psychiatry / Volume 67 / Issue S1 / April 2024
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 27 August 2024, p. S823
-
- Article
-
- You have access Access
- Open access
- Export citation
-
Introduction
Non-adherence to treatment is a major concern for mental health professionals. Knowledge of prescribed medications can influence patients’ willingness to adhere to them.
ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to assess the knowledge of patients with mental disorders about their prescribed medication and to evaluate their attitudes and beliefs toward treatment.
MethodsOur quantitative descriptive study involved 52 patients hospitalized in the psychiatric “C” department of the Hedi Chaker University Hospital in Sax between the 23rd and 30 October 2023. Excluded were aggressive patients, those who were unable to communicate, and those who refused to participate. Thirty-nine patients were included. For each patient, we collected sociodemographic, clinical, and disease progression data, as well as information, beliefs, and attitudes concerning the prescribed treatment.
ResultsThe mean age of our patients was 35.49 ± 10.24 years, with an exclusively male sample. Most patients had no occupation (69.2%). Only 10.3% were married. Over half of the patients had achieved primary school (61.5%) and lived in rural areas (64.1%). The mean duration of the mental disorder was 10.69 ± 9.07 years. Patients were hospitalized 3.62 times on average. The most frequent diagnoses were schizophrenia (35.9%) and bipolar disorder (33.3%). More than half of the patients (61.5%) knew the color and shape of the prescribed medication, and 48.2% knew the name and dose.
The source of treatment information was mainly doctors (33.3%) and family members (15.4%). Adherence to treatment was poor in 69.2% of cases. The majority of patients denied stopping treatment and 12.8% reported that they stopped treatment because of financial difficulties. Twenty-four patients confirmed that taking the treatment made people see them differently and that they preferred not to reveal they were taking it. Two-thirds of patients reported that the treatment relaxed them (71.8%) but could be stopped when they felt better (69.2%).
ConclusionsIt is essential for mental health professionals to develop and implement effective intervention strategies that maximize therapeutic impact and reduce the risk of relapse.
Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Psychological vulnerability and problematic psychotropic drug use among medical residents: exploring the relationship
- H. Ktari, S. Sellami, J. Ben Thabet, S. Omri, R. Feki, I. Gassara, N. Smaoui, L. Zouari, M. Maalej, M. Maalej Bouali, N. Charfi
-
- Journal:
- European Psychiatry / Volume 67 / Issue S1 / April 2024
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 27 August 2024, p. S701
-
- Article
-
- You have access Access
- Open access
- Export citation
-
Introduction
Psychological vulnerability and problematic psychotropic drug use among medical residents are critical and intricate areas of study in the field of healthcare and mental well-being. This topic looks into the potential links between the psychological vulnerabilities experienced by medical residents, which are frequently associated with the demanding nature of their profession, and their use of psychotropic drugs in a way that poses problems or risks. Exploring this relationship is critical for understanding the mental health challenges that medical residents face and developing effective strategies to support their psychological well-being.
Objectivesto identify the psychological factors linked to problematic psychotropic drug use in medical residents.
MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional descriptive and analytical study among Tunisian medical residents between August and September 2022. We used a self-administered questionnaire with a data collection form, the DAST-10 (Drug Abuse Screening Test) scale, and the DASS-21 (Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale) in an online survey. Data was analyzed using the 20th version of the SPSS software.
ResultsThe sample consisted of 80 medical residents. Among them, 23.8% (n=19) had reported a previous use of psychotropic drugs, and 15% (n=12) a misuse (without a prescription and/or without following the prescription). The DAST-10 revealed that 6 residents (31.6%) had problematic use of psychotropic drugs.
A high level of stress on the DASS-21 scale was associated with a problematic use (p=0.01) and a misuse (p=0.01) of psychotropic drugs. Furthermore, residents with high stress levels were more likely to demonstrate problematic use of psychotropic drugs (p=0.004). Such problematic use was correlated with personal history of anxiety disorders (p=0.01).
Furthermore, residents with problematic psychotropic drug use had higher anxiety and depression scores on the DASS-21 scale (p>0.05).
ConclusionsOur findings revealed a concerning prevalence of psychotropic drug use among medical residents and an association with high stress levels. This result emphasizes the need for targeted interventions to support young doctors’ mental health.
Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Carbamazepine-induced toxidermia: Case report and a literature review
- R. Jbir, M. maalej, S. Omri, N. Charfi, R. Feki, I. Gassara, N. Smaoui, L. Zouari, J. Ben Thabet, M. Maalej
-
- Journal:
- European Psychiatry / Volume 67 / Issue S1 / April 2024
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 27 August 2024, pp. S433-S434
-
- Article
-
- You have access Access
- Open access
- Export citation
-
Introduction
Carbamazepine is effectively used in treatment of bipolar disorder for its thymoregulatory virtues, but it can induce numerous side effects, including skin eruptions that can be severe sometimes.
ObjectivesTo study the relationship between toxidermia and treatment with carbamazepine.
MethodsWe report the case of a patient who developed a toxidermia following the intake of carbamazepine.
ResultsMr. AD, 19 years old, with medical history of diabetes, has been diagnosed with bipolar disorder since the age of 17. He was initially treated with risperidone with an irregular follow-up.
He was hospitalized in our department for a manic episode with psychotic features with agitation and refusal of treatment.
The patient was put on injectable treatment 15 mg/day of Haloperidol and 20 mg/day of diazepam.
After 5 days in hospital, we switched to the oral route, gradually increasing haloperidol doses to 30mg, reducing diazepam doses and introducing carbamazepine for thymoregulatory purposes.
Carbamazepine was progressively increased up to a dose of 800mg per day.
Fourteen days after the introduction of carbamazepine, the patient presented a generalized rash requiring the discontinuation of this medication. He was treated with an anti-histamine and local corticosteroids, on the advice of dermatologists.
In the days following discontinuation of carbamazepine, skin lesions regress and then disappear.
Biologically, we observed a rise in eosinophilic polynuclear cells to 580, followed by a gradual decrease after stopping the treatment.
A pharmacovigilance opinion was sought, concluding that carbamazepine was responsible for the toxidermia, given the delay in onset and the favorable evolution after discontinuation of the incriminating treatment. Moreover, this undesirable effect is well described in the literature.
Hence the contraindication to further use of carbamazepine in Mr. AD.
In addition, the patient was put on sodium valproate with good tolerance.
ConclusionsEach prescribed drug must be considered as potentially capable of causing cutaneous reactions as an adverse effect. Both the prescriber and the patient must be made aware of this phenomenon. The attitude can be modulated on a case-by-case basis, after specialist advice, depending on the severity of the rash and the disease to be treated.
Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
The relationship between cannabis use, depression, anxiety and self esteem among Tunisian young adults living abroad
- M. Moalla, N. Charfi, H. Ktari, S. Omri, N. Smaoui, I. Gassara, R. Feki, L. Zouari, M. maalej bouali, J. Ben Thabet, M. Maalej
-
- Journal:
- European Psychiatry / Volume 67 / Issue S1 / April 2024
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 27 August 2024, p. S405
-
- Article
-
- You have access Access
- Open access
- Export citation
-
Introduction
Cannabis use is very common worldwide. Its consumption could be explained by recreational purposes as it can be motivated by some psychiatric disorders such as depression, anxiety or low self-esteem.
ObjectivesThis study aims to explore the relationship between cannabis use, depression, anxiety and self-esteem among a population of Tunisian adults living abroad.
MethodsA cross-sectional online survey was carried out using a self-administered questionnaire on young Tunisians people who have completed their secondary studies at the pilot high school of Sfax and currently residing abroad. The survey questionnaire was designed on Google Forms. It included a data collection sheet and psychometric scales “Cannabis Abuse Screening Test” (CAST), “Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale” (HADS) and”Rosenberg’s self-esteem scale”.
ResultsThe sample consisted of 35 Tunisian young adults. 17 participants (48.6%) reported a cannabis use behavior. It was done with friends in a festive setting in 88% of cases (N=15). According to the CAST, 17,6% (N=3) of cannabis users were at high risk of cannabis dependence. Anxiety was present in 17,6% (N=3) and depression in 17,6% (N=3) of participants. Self-esteem was low in 23,53% (N=4) of participants.
Cannabis use was not associated with the presence of current emotional disorders such as anxiety and depression (p=0.894 and p=0.933 respectively). It was also not associated with lower self-esteem (p=0.585).
ConclusionsCannabis use is relatively common among young Tunisian emigrants without evolving towards dependence inseveral cases. This behavior seems to be more influenced by social factors and misrepresentations about cannabis than by psychological disturbance.
Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Psychotropic substance use among medical residents: prevalence and characteristics
- H. Ktari, M. Moalla, N. Smaoui, I. Gassara, R. Feki, S. Omri, L. Zouari, M. maalej bouali, M. Maalej, J. Ben Thabet, N. Charfi
-
- Journal:
- European Psychiatry / Volume 67 / Issue S1 / April 2024
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 27 August 2024, p. S405
-
- Article
-
- You have access Access
- Open access
- Export citation
-
Introduction
Psychotropic substance use among medical residents represents a critical concern due to its potential impact on patient care and practitioner well-being. This topic looks into the prevalence and characteristics of psychotropic substance use, including prescription medications and illicit drugs, among individuals pursuing medical residency. Understanding the scope of the problem and its distinctive features is essential for developing targeted interventions and support mechanisms within the medical community.
ObjectivesTo assess psychotropic substance use among medical residents, describe its characteristics and determine the prevalence of problematic use.
MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional and descriptive studyamong Tunisian medical residents over a three-month period (August - September 2022) using an online survey. Different specialties and levels of residency were included. An online self-questionnaire was used including a data collection form and the DAST-10 (Drug Abuse Screening Test) scale. The data was analyzed using the SPSS 20th version software
ResultsAmong the 80 residents in our study, 19 (23.8%) reported psychotropic substance use, and 12 (15%) reportedthat they had misused psychotropic drugs at least once in their lives (without a prescription and/or with a prescription but not following the instructions). The most commonly psychotropic drugs used were benzodiazepines, followed by amphetamines, analgesics, anesthetics, and pregabalin (28%, 16%, 12%, 12%, 12%, respectively).
Consumption was regular for 41.7% of those who reported psychotropic drugs misuse. The initiation of psychotropic use followed a desire to experiment various substances (41.7%), a medical prescription (33.3%), or their availability due to medical practice (25%). Self-medication and recreational use were the most common reasons for use (41.7% each). Furthermore, 31.6% of consumers revealed a problematic substance use as assessed by the DAST-10 scale.
ConclusionsOur study showed a concerning prevalence of psychotropic substance use among medical residents, benzodiazepines being the most prevalent. Notably, 15% acknowledged misuse and a significant proportion displayed problematic substance use. These results highlight the potential health risks and the importance of addressing this issue within the medical community.
Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Sociodemographic factors as a predictor for pregnancy-related anxiety
- M. Abdelkefi, R. Walha, R. Feki, W. Zid, I. Gassara, N. Smaoui, S. Omri, N. Charfi, L. Zouari, J. Ben Thabet, M. Maalej Bouali, K. Chaabene, M. Maalej
-
- Journal:
- European Psychiatry / Volume 67 / Issue S1 / April 2024
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 27 August 2024, p. S323
-
- Article
-
- You have access Access
- Open access
- Export citation
-
Introduction
Pregnant women are particularly vulnerable to a wide variety of psychiatric symptoms, including anxiety related to pregnancy and childbirth.
ObjectivesThe purpose of our study was to determine the sociodemographic characteristics of pregnant women and investigate their relationship with pregnancy-related anxiety.
MethodsThe study was conducted from February to July 2023 among pregnant women in their 3rd-trimester consulting at the Gynecology-obstetrics department of the Hedi Chaker University Hospital of Sfax, Tunisia. Women with obstetric conditions favorable to vaginal delivery (cephalic presentation and eutrophic fetus) were interviewed using a questionnaire including their sociodemographic characteristics and the brief version of the pregnancy-related anxiety questionnaire PRAQ-R2.
ResultsA total of 350 women were included in our study. The mean age of the participants was 28 years [16-41 years] with the majority being married (95.7%). One hundred and eighty-eight women (53.7%) did not graduate from high school and 213 (60.9%) were housewives. Half of the participants (52.9%) lived in the city, and 38.9% reported low income. Almost half of them (46.28%) were multiparous.
The mean score of the PRAQ-R2 was 31.24 ± 7.53.
We found a positive correlation between the PRAQ-R2 scale score and age younger than 30 years (p<0.001), low educational level (p=0.006), and low income (p=0.031).
ConclusionsOur findings suggest that demographic factors seem to predict anxiety related to pregnancy and are worth examining in future studies for a better understanding of this symptom in pregnant women.
Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Late-onset mania as a manifestation of neurosyphilis: A Case Report
- A. Labyadh, S. Omri, W. Haouari, I. Gassara, R. Feki, N. Smaoui, L. Zouari, J. Ben thabet, M. Maalej, N. Charfi, M. Maalej Bouali
-
- Journal:
- European Psychiatry / Volume 67 / Issue S1 / April 2024
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 27 August 2024, p. S497
-
- Article
-
- You have access Access
- Open access
- Export citation
-
Introduction
The evaluation of manic behavior with later onset is crucial, as various organic factors such as medications, infections, metabolic disturbances, tumors, and epilepsy can serve as potential etiological causes. While not universally observed, most studies indicate a connection between late-onset mania and neurological disorders like neurosyphilis.
ObjectivesOur study aims to investigate the relationship between late-onset mania and neurosyphilis.
MethodsIn this paper, we present a case of neurosyphilis presenting exclusively with symptoms of mania.
ResultsA 72-year-old Tunisian woman with no prior medical or psychiatric history was referred to the psychiatric emergency room due to alterations in her mental state and behavior over the past ten days. During the psychiatric assessment, she displayed increased motor activity, fluctuating emotions, and rapid flow of ideas. The general physical examination yielded no notable findings. The serum Venereal Disease Research Laboratory (VDRL) test returned a strongly positive result (+++), and the TPHA examination confirmed a positive result at a titer of 1/60. In the serologic analysis of cerebrospinal fluid, VDRL was also positive, thereby confirming the diagnosis of neurosyphilis (NS). The diagnosis of mania secondary to a medical condition was established. The patient was treated with ceftriaxone and antimanic medications, resulting in a significant improvement in her psychiatric symptoms within a few days.
ConclusionsThis case underscores the importance of conducting serologic testing for syphilis in patients who present with manic symptoms, experience a late-onset mental disorder, and have no prior history or family history of affective disorders.
Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Orthorexia Nervosa and exercise addiction in a sample of Tunisian athlete students
- N. Smaoui, O. Bouattour, R. Feki, I. Gassara, S. Omri, M. Maalej, L. Zouari, M. Maalej, J. Ben Thabet, N. Charfi
-
- Journal:
- European Psychiatry / Volume 67 / Issue S1 / April 2024
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 27 August 2024, p. S408
-
- Article
-
- You have access Access
- Open access
- Export citation
-
Introduction
Orthorexia and exercise addiction can lead to serious health problems, such as malnutrition and exercise-related injuries.
ObjectivesThe aims of our study were to assess the prevalence of exercise addiction and orthorexia nervosa in Tunisian students at the Institute of Physical Education in order to investigate the relationship between these different health dimensions.
MethodsAn anonymous self-administered questionnaire was distributed to students in the Sfax and Gafsa sports sections during March 2023. The orthorexic tendency was assessed using the ORTO-15 questionnaire. An ORTO-15 score below 40 points indicates orthorexic tendencies. The Exercise Addiction Inventory (EAI) was used to study exercise addiction
ResultsIn our study, 240 students were included. Mean scores on the ORTO-15 and EAI scales were 38.6 ± 8 and 16.6 ± 4.1 respectively. Participants at risk of exercise addiction had a statistically significant tendency towards orthorexia (p<0.001). Among the students, 82.5% had engaged in regular physical activity at a gym in the last two years. The reasons given by students for going to the gym were muscle strengthening (57.9%) and preparation for a sporting competition (37%).
Among students taking part in sports activities at the gym, the mean ORTHO-15 score was significantly lower among those doing so to prepare for a sports competition (p=0.005). Participants who believed that they were addicted to sport had a statistically greater tendency towards orthorexia (p=0.012).
ConclusionsOur study revealed an association between addictive exercise and orthorexic eating in Tunisian athlete students.
Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Coping strategies facing Covid-19, perceived social support, and trait anxiety among Tunisian caregivers
- N. Smaoui, B. Jallouli, I. Gassara, R. Feki, S. Omri, M. Bou Ali Maalej, N. Charfi, J. Ben Thabet, L. Zouari, M. Maalej
-
- Journal:
- European Psychiatry / Volume 67 / Issue S1 / April 2024
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 27 August 2024, pp. S507-S508
-
- Article
-
- You have access Access
- Open access
- Export citation
-
Introduction
Caregivers in the Sfax region, Tunisia, having been at the forefront in the face of the Covid-19 pandemic, were therefore faced with intense stress. It seemed useful and interesting to us to study their adaptation strategies during this period of pandemic.
ObjectivesThe aims of our study were to identify the coping strategies used by Tunisian Healthcare workers (HCW) during the Covid-19 pandemic and to study the links of the different coping strategies with perceived social support and trait anxiety.
MethodsA cross-sectional, descriptive, and analytical study conducted among 254 Tunisian HCW working at the Habib Bourguiba and Hedi Chaker university hospitals in Sfax, during period from January 2021 to April 2021. the questionnaire used included an information sheet and three scales; “Social support questionary 6” (SSQ-6), “State Trait Inventory Anxiety Form Y2” (STAI-Y2), and “Ways of Coping Checklist” (WCC).
ResultsUsing the WCC scale, the strategy most used by participants was the problem-focused one (M = 2.98 ±0.53), followed by the emotion-focused strategy (M = 2.65 ±0 .58), and that centered on the search for social support (M = 2.64 ±0.59). Using the SSQ-6, the mean score for the availability of perceived social support was equal to 8.91±4.59 and the score mean perceived satisfaction was equal to 28.63±5.84. The prevalence of trait anxiety was 50%, according to the STAI-Y2. Statistical tests showed that problem-focused coping was the strategy most adopted by non-anxious participants. They also showed that the higher the availability of perceived social support, the more the social support-seeking coping strategy was chosen, and the higher the perceived satisfaction with perceived social support, the less the emotion-focused strategy was chosen.
ConclusionsIt seems necessary to propose a learning program for coping strategies to counter the potential emergence of ineffective strategies and to reinforce the use of effective strategies, in order to improve or maintain optimal well-being of health personnel.
Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Eating disorder and bipolar mental illness through genome wide association studies
- B. Abdelmoula, R. Rhaiem, A. Charfi, S. Kotti, I. Masmoudi, Y. Marsaoui, N. Bouayed Abdelmoula
-
- Journal:
- European Psychiatry / Volume 67 / Issue S1 / April 2024
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 27 August 2024, p. S555
-
- Article
-
- You have access Access
- Open access
- Export citation
-
Introduction
Besides the role played by environmental factors and their epigenetic influences, scientific researchers showed that the susceptibility to develop an eating disorder among bipolar people is due to genetic factors.
ObjectivesTo review the genetic factors behind eating disorders, highlight the role of genetics and epigenetics in the comorbidity of bipolar and eating disorders.
MethodsTo delineate the role of genetics and epigenetics in eating disorders and bipolar disorders as two related mental illness, we comprehensively reviewed the scientific literature using GWAS (genome wide association studies) catalog databases to find genome-wide association studies carried out on patients with bipolar disorder EFO_0005203 and eating disorder comorbid condition (anorexia nervosa, binge eating, bulimia nervosa) EFO_0005203.
ResultsGWAS of eating disorders were found in 33 studies with 324 associations whereas those of bipolar disorder were found in 114 studies with 1469 associations. GWAS of eating disorders within bipolar disorders revealed 182 and 134 associations, as well as 10 and 8 publications respectively. Only anorexia nervosa and binge eating were studied in association with bipolar disorders. The genetic variants were protein coding genes (CUBN, FAM228B, FXR1, etc.), non-coding RNA genes (SOX2-OT, MMADHC-DT, etc.), and pseudo-genes (RNU1-23P, CACYBPP2, etc.).
ConclusionsAbout 300 genetic variants are associated with eating disorder as a comorbid condition of bipolar disorders. These variants may play a crucial role in the causes and mechanisms of eating disorders and should be more investigated towards more precise clinical and genetic entities.
Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Profile of cannabis users among a population of Tunisian young adults residing abroad
- M. Moalla, N. Charfi, S. Sellami, I. Gassara, R. Feki, N. Smaoui, S. Omri, L. Zouari, J. Ben Thabet, M. Maalej Bouali, M. Maalej
-
- Journal:
- European Psychiatry / Volume 67 / Issue S1 / April 2024
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 27 August 2024, pp. S405-S406
-
- Article
-
- You have access Access
- Open access
- Export citation
-
Introduction
Tunisian emigrants may consume psychoactive substances in other countries. This community is exposed to sociocultural and legal contexts different from those in Tunisia and the degree of acculturation would tend to increase over time. However, data on the use of psychoactive substances, particularly cannabis, in this particular population are scarce.
ObjectivesThis study aims to determine the profile of Tunisian young adults residing abroad who use cannabis.
MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional, descriptive and analytic study. It was carried out in the form of an online survey. We focused on young Tunisians people who have completed their secondary studies at the pilot high school of Sfax and currently residing abroad. Data collection was through Google Forms administred questionnaire.
ResultsThirty-five participants were included in our study. Cannabis use behavior affected 48.6% of them (N=17)) and it was done with friends in a festive setting in 88% of cases (N=15). Cannabis use was more common among people who were single (p=0.001), living alone (p=0.047), had a psychiatric history (p=0.032) and hanging out with friends who also smoked cannabis (p=0.032).Cannabis use was also more common among cigarette smokers (p=0.000) and alcohol consumers (p=0.000). It was significantly more common among people who shared erroneous beliefs about cannabis, that it is a mild drug (p= 0.024) and that it does not cause dependence (p= p=0.042).
ConclusionsCannabis use among Tunisian young adults residing abroad seems to be a form of poly-consumption, more common among singles, living alone and having a psychiatric vulnerability. These findings underscore the need for targeted interventions and educational initiatives to address cannabis use within this specific population.
Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Sociodemographic and clinical profile of immigrants hospitalized in psychiatric facilities in Tunisia
- F. Tabib, S. Omri, R. Bouaziz, R. Feki, I. Gassara, L. Zouari, J. Ben Thabet, N. Charfi, M. Maalej, N. Smaoui, M. M. Bouali
-
- Journal:
- European Psychiatry / Volume 67 / Issue S1 / April 2024
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 27 August 2024, pp. S613-S614
-
- Article
-
- You have access Access
- Open access
- Export citation
-
Introduction
In an increasingly interconnected world, migration has become a defining characteristic of the 21st century. While immigration offers new beginnings and prospects, it also presents unique challenges, particularly concerning mental health.
The experience of migrating can exert pressure on mental health through factors such as acculturation stress, discrimination, and economic hardships. These challenges can, in turn, contribute to the development of mental health issues.
ObjectivesTo study the socio-demographic and clinical profile of immigrants hospitalized in the “C” psychiatry department, Hedi Chaker Hospital, in Sfax, Tunisia.
MethodsWe conducted a retrospective descriptive study of immigrants hospitalized in the psychiatry department “C”, Hedi Chaker Hospital, Sfax Tunisia from 2011 to 2023. Socioeconomic data and clinical profiles of immigrants were collected from archived files.
ResultsThe total number of immigrants hospitalized during these 12 years was 32, with an average age of 28.81 years ±7.8 years, all of them were males, as the psychiatric department “C” only hospitalizes men.
All were of African origin, of whom 21.9% (n=7) had Libyan nationality, 15.6% (n=5) had Somali nationality and 12.5% (n=4) had Sudanese nationality. Communication with them was possible in 87.5% of cases, primarily through the native Arabic language in 56.3% of instances. Illegal immigration was the most prevalent form, accounting for 75% of cases. During the immigration process, 18.8% of individuals reported experiencing violence.”
The majority of hospitalized immigrants were single (71.9%), had a primary school education (37.5%), a low socio-economic level (81.3%), and no profession (59.4%). 21.9% of them had received social assistance, and 59.4% lived in a refugee camp. Psychoactive substance consumption was reported by 53.1% of our study population.
Regarding the clinical profile of the population, 21.9% had a history of somatic conditions, 43.8% had a psychiatric history, including 9.4% who had attempted suicide, and 34.4% who had experienced traumatic events since arriving in Tunisia. The primary reason for hospitalization was behavioral disorders in 71.9% of cases and suicide attempts in 15.6%. The most prevalent diagnoses were schizophrenia (50%), and bipolar disorder (18.8%). Upon discharge, 15.6% encountered administrative issues.
ConclusionsHospitalized immigrants exhibit diverse socio-demographic and clinical profiles. These findings underscore the significance of acquiring a deeper understanding of the mental health needs and existing barriers to healthcare within various immigrant communities. This is particularly crucial as immigration continues to be a central focus in Tunisia’s public policies and discussions.
Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
The emergence of new obsessions and compulsions after COVID-19: a case report
- M. Abdelkefi, R. Feki, I. Gassara, N. Smaoui, S. Omri, N. Charfi, L. Zouari, J. Ben Thabet, M. Maalej Bouali, M. Maalej
-
- Journal:
- European Psychiatry / Volume 67 / Issue S1 / April 2024
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 27 August 2024, p. S506
-
- Article
-
- You have access Access
- Open access
- Export citation
-
Introduction
The coronavirus pandemic has affected mental health since its outbreak in 2019 and several studies have revealed that obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) patients were adversely affected.
ObjectivesThe aim of our present report is to study the impact of the coronavirus infection on OCD.
MethodsWe illustrate a case of new emerging obsessions and compulsions after a COVID-19 infection in a patient consulting at the Psychiatry C department of the Hedi Chaker University Hospital.
ResultsMr. HB first presented in our outpatient unit of the Psychiatry C department at the age of 32. His medical history was unremarkable except for a COVID-19 infection in June 2022 that did not cause any organic complications. His family history was negative without neurological and psychiatric diseases. Further history revealed that OCD symptoms already started before his infection with COVID-19. At that time, he suffered from compulsions with the urge to constantly wash his hands and check rituals, but his symptoms were not severe enough to make him seek a psychiatric consult or treatment. However, since July 2022, soon after his infection with COVID-19, he suffered from new obsessions and compulsions, he would spend hours calculating all the numbers he sees and counting the number of letters in the words he came across. Non-surprisingly, OCD symptoms caused relevant problems in social life, and at work, he had difficulties concentrating and working. Due to his symptoms, he had neglected hobbies, avoided social contact, spent less time with his family, and even had suicidal thoughts. Therefore, pharmacotherapy with clomipramine was initiated with a maximal dose of 150 mg/d. Because of adverse events and lack of efficacy, he stopped medication and decided to consult our department to seek a different treatment. Therefore, sertraline was started at the dose of 50 mg/d along with psychotherapy.
ConclusionsPeople with OCD are likely to be more susceptible to the mental health impact of COVID-19. Responses to the pandemic are not only associated with an increase in all Obsessive-Compulsive (OC) symptoms and their severity but also the emergence of new types of obsessions and compulsions. Consequently, therapists should consider the effects of the pandemic on all OC symptom dimensions and adjust their treatment plans accordingly.
Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Study of the sociodemographic, clinical and criminological characteristics of Tunisian female offenders
- N. Smaoui, O. Bouattour, I. Gassara, R. Feki, M. Bou Ali Maalej, J. Ben Thabet, L. Zouari, M. Maalej, N. Charfi, S. Omri
-
- Journal:
- European Psychiatry / Volume 67 / Issue S1 / April 2024
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 27 August 2024, p. S582
-
- Article
-
- You have access Access
- Open access
- Export citation
-
Introduction
The psychopathology of female crime perpetrators is not well understood since female criminality rates have remained distinctly lower than male criminality.
This study draws on over 20 years of psychiatric expertises to identify sociodemographic, clinical, and forensic characteristics of female perpetrators.
Objectives- To describe the epidemiological and clinical profile of female offenders examined for criminal psychiatric expertise.
- Describe the criminological and forensic characteristics of these women.
MethodsRetrospective and descriptive study, which focused on 56 criminal psychiatric expertise files of female offenders, examined at the psychiatric department “C” at the CHU Hedi Chaker in Sfax, Tunisia, over a period of 24 years.
For each offender, we examined the expert report and the judicial research report. We then transcribed the socio-demographic and clinical information, as well as the criminological and forensic characteristics, onto a pre-established form.
ResultsThe accused women in our study had an average age of 35 years and 06 months, and 67.86% of the cases were under 40 years of age, with an educational level no higher than primary school in 62.5% of cases. They were unemployed in 71.4% of cases. Among the accused examined, 76.8% had mental disorders, including 46.6% with personality disorders, 16.3% with intellectual disability, 16.3% with bipolar disorder, 9.3% with depressive disorder, 9.3% with psychotic disorder, and 2.3% with substance use disorder (anxiolytic). We recorded 55.4% offences against persons, including 37.5% homicides and attempted homicides, and 44.6% offences against property, including 23.2% thefts. Dementia in the legal sense was identified in 30.4% of cases. Bipolar disorder accounted for 41.1% of legally demented subjects.
ConclusionsIt emerges that the profile of the female criminal is that of a woman under 40, with a low educational and economic level, and most often with an antisocial personality or intellectual disability. It would therefore be important to step up primary prevention work by better educating these at-risk women and to combat the factors contributing to dangerousness among the mentally ill by optimizing their psychiatric care.
Disclosure of InterestNone Declared