254 results
Liquor for breakfast, fighting against alcohol consumption
- N. Navarro Barriga, P. Marqués Cabezas, M. B. Arribas Simón, B. Rodríguez Rodríguez, C. Alario Ruiz, G. Guerra Valera, A. Aparicio Parras, M. J. Mateos Sexmero, M. Fernández Lozano, P. Martínez Gimeno, M. A. Andreo Vidal, M. Calvo Valcárcel, M. P. Pando Fernández, M. D. L. A. Guillén Soto, T. Jimenez Aparicio, M. D. C. Vallecillo Adame, C. De Andrés Lobo
-
- Journal:
- European Psychiatry / Volume 67 / Issue S1 / April 2024
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 27 August 2024, pp. S408-S409
-
- Article
-
- You have access Access
- Open access
- Export citation
-
Introduction
The harmful consumption of alcohol is known for how tortuous its management can be in mental health, encouraging introspection of it as a serious problem is perhaps the main key to starting to battle against its damaging influence on the development of a functional and full life.
ObjectivesTo describe a clinical case showing an unpredictible complication in an alcohol detoxification process.
Methods54-year-old man, native of Cádiz, widowed for half a decade, without children. He resides with his parents in the family home. Currently unemployed for approximately a year. He has previously worked in the IT sector. As a notable somatic history, we found long-established arterial hypertension and a total hip replacement. He has been under irregular follow-up with a mental health team for anxiety-depressive symptoms in the context of grief. He goes to the emergency service brought by his family to begin the detoxification process in the hospital setting. He acknowledges ethanol consumption since he was widowed, which began when he awakes; quantities that ranged between one or up to three bottles of distilled liquor per day, generally consumption is in the home environment. A little less than a year ago, he began to isolate himself in his room and abandon his self-care, eating increasingly insufficient food intake, refusing to receive professional care to quit the habit, mainly because he did not recognize it as disruptive.
The patient was admitted to hospital with symptoms suggestive of withdrawal, making it extremely difficult to control blood pressure levels. On the third day of admission to the acute care unit, fever peaks, blood pressure levels well below normal parameters, and compromised level of consciousness began to be evident.
ResultsBlood tests were performed that, together with the clinical picture, suggested imminent septic shock, so critical care was contacted for transfer and stabilization. A germ of probable urinary etiology sensitive to a broad spectrum of antibiotics was isolated in blood cultures, and the medication of the detoxification process was progressively optimized. Once clinical stability was achieved at all levels, an inpatient cessation resource was managed, which the patient accepted and considered suitable for his complete recovery.
ConclusionsA holistic approach to the alcoholic patient is important, since serious problems of an organic nature often arise. This is why a multidisciplinary intervention is necessary, as well as a holistic approach to care, involving both classic pharmacology and assiduous long-term psychotherapeutic intervention.
Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Bipolar disorder, Deafness and Culturality in Psychiatric Home Hospitalization: A Clinical Case
- J. Marti Bonany, G. De Iturbe Catania, R. Romar Navia, D. Tolosa Merlos, C. Montserrat Diez, E. Pechuan Martínez, R. Rodriguez Seoane, L. Gil Martinez, D. Garcia Hernandez
-
- Journal:
- European Psychiatry / Volume 67 / Issue S1 / April 2024
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 27 August 2024, p. S435
-
- Article
-
- You have access Access
- Open access
- Export citation
-
Introduction
Mental health in the deaf community is a complex issue. Challenges in diagnosis and treatment arise from a lack of experienced interpreters and difficulties in translating Sign Language to spoken language. Deaf individuals, due to auditory limitations, are more vulnerable to abuse, increasing their risk of mental health disorders, including bipolar affective disorder (BPAD). BPAD is a prevalent, debilitating condition with varied prevalence estimates. Managing it is tough due to its lifelong, unpredictable nature. A new approach called Psychiatric Home Hospitalization Unit aims to provide acute mental health care at home as an alternative to hospitalization.
ObjectivesTo show the management of severe bipolar disorder with comorbidity from a Psychiatric Home Hospitalization Unit
MethodsA clinical case of bipolar disorder with deafness attended at the Psychiatric Home Hospitalization Unit of our hospital is presented.
ResultsA 24-year-old deaf woman borned in Pakistan and later moving to Catalonia, she faced educational challenges but ultimately completed her studies with sign language support. Afterward, she struggled to find suitable employment, and her family had a history of bipolar disorder.
She exhibited a sudden change in behavior, characterized by irritability, paranoia, and distrust. Communication was challenging due to her speech difficulties, but assessments using sign language and observation were conducted. Her physical examination was normal, but her speech was disorganized and pressured, suggesting possible auditory hallucinations and thought disturbances. She was hospitalized and diagnosed with bipolar disorder with psychotic features.
During her initial hospitalization, she received lithium, olanzapine, clotiapine and benzodiacepines. After discharge, she continued treatment through a home hospitalization service during almost 4 month. During follow-up she presented a course with high affective instability, rapid cycling alternating brief periods of stability with other presenting manic and mixed features with high disorganization.
Due to the rapid cycling pattern Valproic acid was considered. Valproic acid was introduced up to 700 mg/d (97.1 mcg/mL). Treatment with lithium carbonate 800 mg/d (0.91 mEq/L) was maintained. Previous antipsychotic regimen was changed to quetiapine 400mg/d, olanzapine 5mg/d. Her condition improved significantly with the adjusted treatment regimen. She was discharged to an outpatient service.
ConclusionsDiagnosing and treating bipolar affective disorder (BPAD) in a deaf and mute patient posed unique challenges. The rapid mood cycling pattern and complexity of her case made treatment challenging. Family information and interpreter support were vital. Cultural factors were considered, and home hospitalization was crucial in managing symptoms that lasted over four months.
Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Socio-demographic characteristics and pharmacological treatment options in patients with delirium
- F. J. Cruz Aviña, A. Salazar Rodriguez, D. N. M. Sanchez, E. A. C. Martinez, L. C. Rocha Reza, S. V. Nuñez Pichardo, H. A. Barranco Rogel, M. G. Ochoa Madrigal, O. Meneses Luna
-
- Journal:
- European Psychiatry / Volume 67 / Issue S1 / April 2024
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 27 August 2024, pp. S368-S369
-
- Article
-
- You have access Access
- Open access
- Export citation
-
Introduction
Delirium is common in hospital settings, with approximately 3% to 45% of older patients in hospitals developing delirium during their stay. Among the elderly and those with severe or advanced medical conditions, the reported percentage of patients with delirium is over 56%. The three motor subtypes of delirium are hyperactive, hypoactive, and mixed. Another way to characterize delirium is based on whether it is reversible, irreversible, or terminal.
ObjectivesIdentifying appropriate pharmacological treatment options among antipsychotics and their correlation with various precipitating and predisposing factors in the in-hospital context
MethodsThis was a retrospective, cross-sectional, observational study that utilized a database created by the psychiatry department at the National Medical Center 20 de Noviembre, with data collected from April 2021 to April 2022. The database contains anonymized administrative and clinical data of patients who were seen in the psychiatry department for the diagnosis of any type of delirium, using the CAM scale for classification. The database includes records and data of hospitalized patients, encompassing all specialties at this medical center
ResultsA total of 139 patients were included in the study, of which 39% were female and 61% were male, with a mean age of 67 and a median age of 68 years. It was observed that the average duration of delirium symptoms, from receiving the consultation to remission, was approximately 6 days (p <0.005) (OR 5.12-6.62), and the average length of hospital stay was approximately 20 days (OR 17.3-22.09). Among the patients, 50.39% were overweight, 63% had hypertension (HTA), 29% had chronic kidney injury, 24% had a history of delirium, and 73% had recent surgical interventions. Patients with diabetes mellitus had a 3.1 times higher risk, those with HTA had a 2.8 times higher risk, and those with kidney injury had a 3.8 times higher risk of having a positive CAM result. It was observed that haloperidol, used in 84% of the patients, showed the highest percentage reduction in CAM scores
Image:
Image 2:
ConclusionsThe results of this study emphasize the importance of identifying risk factors associated with delirium and implementing effective treatment for this condition. It was observed that the average duration of delirium symptoms was approximately 6 days, which is relevant for understanding the course and management of this illness. Furthermore, it was found that the average hospital stay was 20 days, underscoring the burden that delirium can place on healthcare systems.
In conclusion, this study highlights the importance of identifying risk factors and providing appropriate treatment, such as the use of haloperidol, to improve outcomes in patients with delirium.
Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
A man stitches his mouth in the context of a personality disorder
- A. Monllor Lazarraga, P. Marques Cabezas, L. Rojas Vazquez, M. Rios Vaquero, G. Lorenzo Chapatte, T. Jimenez Aparicio, C. De Andres Lobo, C. Vallecillo Adame, M. J. Mateos Sexmero, N. Navarro Barriga, B. Rodriguez Rodriguez, M. Fernandez Lozano, M. A. Andreo Vidal, M. Calvo Valcarcel, M. P. Pando Fernandez, P. Martinez Gimeno, G. Guerra Valera
-
- Journal:
- European Psychiatry / Volume 67 / Issue S1 / April 2024
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 27 August 2024, pp. S654-S655
-
- Article
-
- You have access Access
- Open access
- Export citation
-
Introduction
A 28 year old patient will be presented. This paramilitary man was brought to the Emergency Room due to an autolytic attempt with Benzodiazepines, along with a mouth suture, in the context of a soon to be resolved problematic ankle osteosynthesis procedure. The patient claimed to be suffering pain, furthermore struggling due to the fact he could not be working due to his ankle issue. Language barrier was a problem during the interview.
ObjectivesThe objetives of this case is to try to explain the issues that may arise in patients with personality disorders in the context of an autolytic attempt
MethodsThis patient will be presented, along with systematic bibliography review of the topic.
ResultsThe following results were extracted upon the attention given to this patient which was admitted to the Psychiatric Unit.
First of all, the mouth stitches were removed, along with a petition for toxicological analysis. The results gave positive for cannabis and benzodiazepines. The patient was also brought previously this year with another autolytic attempt, this time on cocaine consumption too. Furthermore, a thorough review was made of the other autolytic attempts, including those which happened in his country of origin. The patient has hundreds of small cuts among his arms, from previews cuts made in the past. Furthermore, subcutaneous wounds were auto inflicted in the ER, with a small blade.
Among the whole interview, it was clear he had a personality disorder, with high impulsivity levels and lack of control once the situation overflows.
We also tried to understand the outcome of suturing his mouth. The patient referred his acts of impulsiveness due to his overwhelming situation of both having no job at this moment and the pain he was suffering due to his ankle procedure.
The patient was admitted to our Unit due to the high risk he could repeat this act. Upon arrival, the same day he was admitted, the patient asked if he had to stay at the unit. When explaining the following already told event, furthermore insisting in the possibility of been evaluated by the Traumatology team, he proceeded to try and hang himself with his medical-hospital clothing.
The patient was treated with antipsychotics. Along with Lormetazepam at night. At the end of the hospitalization, and after been evaluated by the Psychiatrist of this Unit, the patient was also treated with Lithium due to its effectiveness in the treatment of autolytic attempts.
ConclusionsPersonality disorders are one of the psychiatric pathologies that prevail with greater frequency in autolytic attempts 1. Additionally, it should be taken into account the possible ongoing consumption of psychoactive drugs that could also derive in psychopathological decompensation. On top of the following, the use of antipsychotic treatment is indicated for the managing of conduction altercations 2, besides Lithium being a great option in managing suicidal temptations 3.
Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
From schizotypy to psychosis: is it a natural continuum?
- M. A. Andreo Vidal, M. B. Arribas Simón, M. Calvo Valcárcel, M. P. Pando Fernández, P. Martínez Gimeno, M. D. L. Á. Guillén Soto, B. Rodríguez Rodríguez, N. Navarro Barriga, M. Fernández Lozano, M. J. Mateos Sexmero, C. De Andrés Lobo, M. D. C. Vallecillo Adame, T. Jiménez Aparicio, Ó. Martín Santiago, A. Monllor Lazarraga, M. Ríos Vaquero, L. Rojas Vázquez, L. Sobrino Conde, A. Apario Parra, G. Lorenzo Chapatte
-
- Journal:
- European Psychiatry / Volume 67 / Issue S1 / April 2024
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 27 August 2024, pp. S658-S659
-
- Article
-
- You have access Access
- Open access
- Export citation
-
Introduction
Schizotypal personality is a condition suffered by 4% of the population. It is defined by presenting interpersonal, behavioral and perceptual features similar to the clinical features of psychotic disorders, such as schizophrenia, in less intensity and dysfunctionality, but at risk of reaching psychosis.
ObjectivesPresentation of a clinical case about a patient with premorbid schizotypal personality traits presenting with an acute psychotic episode.
MethodsLiterature review on association between schizotypal personality and psychosis.
ResultsA 57-year-old woman with a history of adaptive disorder due to work problems 13 years ago, currently without psychopharmacological treatment, goes to the emergency room brought by the emergency services due to behavioral alteration. She reports that “her husband and son wanted to sexually abuse her”, so she had to run away from home and has been running through the streets of the town without clothes and barefoot.
Her husband relates attitude alterations and extravagant behaviors of years of evolution, such as going on diets of eating only bread for 40 days or talking about exoteric and religious subjects, as believing that the devil got inside her husband through a dental implant. He reports that these behaviors have been accentuated during the last month. She has also created a tarot website, and has even had discussions with several users. She is increasingly suspicious of him, has stopped talking to him and stays in his room all day long, with unmotivated laughter and soliloquies.
It was decided to admit him to Psychiatry and risperidone 4 mg was started. At the beginning, she was suspicious and reticent in the interview. As the days went by, communication improved, she showed a relaxed gesture and distanced herself from the delirious ideation, criticizing the episode.
ConclusionsIn recent years, there has been increasing interest in understanding the association between schizotypy and serious mental disorder. Several theories understand schizotypy as a natural continuum of personality that reveals genetic vulnerability and that can lead to psychotic disorder when added to precipitating factors. Other theories define schizotypy as a “latent schizophrenia” where symptoms are contained and expressed in less intensity.
Around 20% evolves to paranoid schizophrenia or other serious mental disorders. It is complex to distinguish between those individuals in whom schizotypy is a prodrome and those in whom it is a stable personality trait. To date, studies applying early psychotherapeutic or pharmacological interventions have had insufficient and contradictory results, and the follow-up and treatment of these individuals could be a stress factor and a stigma. Some studies are looking for reliable markers of evolution to schizophrenia in order to establish adequate protocols for detention, follow-up and treatment.
Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Conversive and Factitious disorders: Differential diagnosis based on a case report
- M. Fernandez Lozano, B. Rodriguez Rodriguez, N. Navarro Barriga, M. J. Mateos Sexmero, C. Alario Ruiz, L. Rodriguez Andrés, G. Medina Ojeda, T. Jimenez Aparicio, C. Vallecillo Adame, C. De Andres Lobo, M. A. Andreo Vidal, P. Martínez Gimeno, M. Calvo Valcarcel, M. P. Pando Fernández, L. Rojas Vazquez, M. Rios Vaquero, G. Lorenzo Chapatte, A. Monllor Lazarraga
-
- Journal:
- European Psychiatry / Volume 67 / Issue S1 / April 2024
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 27 August 2024, p. S444
-
- Article
-
- You have access Access
- Open access
- Export citation
-
Introduction
Conversive disorder is characterised by the presence of one or more involuntary neurological symptoms that are not due to a clear medical pathology. On the other hand, consciously simulated illnesses fall into two diagnostic categories: factitious disorders and malingering, which are differentiated by both the motivation for the behaviour and the awareness of that motivation. Factitious disorder behaviours are motivated by an unconscious need to assume the sick role, whereas malingering behaviours are consciously driven to achieve external secondary gains.
ObjectivesStudy of the differences between conversion disorder and factitious disorder and their repercussions from a case of difficult diagnosis.
MethodsBibliographic review of scientific literature based on a relevant clinical case.
ResultsWe present the case of a 14-year-old male patient. Adoptive parents. Studying in high school. Social difficulties since childhood. He comes to the emergency department on several occasions referring stereotyped movements and motor tics in the four extremities with left cervical lateralization. Increase of these symptoms in the last month, so it was decided to admit him to the pediatric hospital. After observation and study of the patient’s movements with normal complementary tests he should return home. The following day he returned to the emergency department after an episode of dizziness, mutism and emotional block. It was decided to admit him to Psychiatry for behavioral observation and differential diagnosis.
ConclusionsIn the assessment of patients it is essential to make an appropriate diagnosis taking into account the patient’s symptomatology and the patient’s background and life context. Conversion disorder is the unintentional production of neurological symptom, whereas malingering and factitious disorder represent the voluntary production of symptoms with internal or external incentives. They have a close history and this has been frequently confounded. Practitioners are often confronted to medically unexplained symptoms; they represent almost 30% of neurologist’s consultation. The first challenge is to detect them, and recent studies have confirmed the importance of “positive” clinical bedside signs based on incoherence and discordance. Multidisciplinary therapy is recommended with behavioral cognitive therapy, antidepressant to treat frequent comorbid anxiety or depression, and physiotherapy. Factitious disorder and malingering should be clearly delineated from conversion disorder. Factitious disorder should be considered as a mental illness and more research on its physiopathology and treatment is needed, when malingering is a non-medical condition encountered in medico-legal cases.
Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
“God speaks to me through a dove”. The evidence of clozapine in treatment-refractory psychosis
- B. Rodríguez Rodríguez, P. Marqués Cabezas, M. Queipo de Llano de La Viuda, N. Navarro Barriga, G. Guerra Valera, M. B. Arribas Simón, C. Alario Ruiz, M. J. Mateos Sexmero, M. Fernández Lozano, P. Marínez Gimeno, M. Calvo Valcárcel, M. A. Andreo Vidal, M. P. Pando Fernández, A. Monllor Lazarraga, M. Ríos Vaquero, G. Lorenzo Chapate, L. Rojas Vázquez, C. De Andrés Lobo, T. Jiménez Aparicio, M. D. C. Vallecillo Adame
-
- Journal:
- European Psychiatry / Volume 67 / Issue S1 / April 2024
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 27 August 2024, p. S740
-
- Article
-
- You have access Access
- Open access
- Export citation
-
Introduction
Clozapine is an atypical antipsychotic synthesised in 1958. It was withdrawn from the market in the 1970s due to the appearance of agranulocytosis, but was reintroduced due to strong evidence of its efficacy and superiority over other antipsychotics in treatment-resistant schizophrenia.
ObjectivesTo describe the adequate response to clozapine in treatment-refractory psychosis.
MethodsReview of the scientific literature based on a relevant clinical case.
ResultsA 16-year-old woman was admitted to a psychiatric inpatient unit for psychotic symptoms and behavioural disorders. She lives with her father and older sister; she has not been in contact with her mother, who lives in another country, for several years. She attends secondary school, with poor academic performance. Maternal diagnosis of schizophrenia. She started using cannabis two years ago, with a progressive increase up to 20 grams per week. He reports the onset of a feeling of strangeness a year ago, with progressive isolation in his room, referring to delirious ideation of harm towards classmates and people from his town, self-referentiality and delirious interpretations of religious mystical content (“God speaks to me through a dove”). He comments on the phenomenon of theft and thought-reading. Soliloquies and unmotivated laughter are observed.
ConclusionsTreatment was started with risperidone, progressively increasing the dose up to optimisation, without achieving a decrease in positive symptoms, but with the appearance of excessive sedation and sialorrhoea. It was combined with aripiprazole up to 20mg, maintained for a couple of weeks, without significant clinical improvement. Given the failure of two lines of therapy, it was decided to change to clozapine up to a dose of 75mg, with adequate tolerance and response, achieving a distancing of the delirious ideation. Regular haematological controls were performed, with no alterations in haemogram or troponins.
Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Lithium withdrawal and relapse in bipolar disorder when kidney function deteriorates
- C. De Andrés-Lobo, M. D. C. Vallecillo Adame, T. Jiménez Aparicio, A. Rodríguez Campos, N. Navarro Barriga, M. J. Mateos Sexmero, B. Rodríguez Rodríguez, M. Fernández Lozano, M. Calvo Valcárcel, M. Andreo Vidal, P. Martínez Gimeno, M. P. Pando Fernández, L. Rojas Vázquez, G. Lorenzo Chapatte, M. Ríos Vaquero, A. Monllor Lazarraga
-
- Journal:
- European Psychiatry / Volume 67 / Issue S1 / April 2024
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 27 August 2024, pp. S427-S428
-
- Article
-
- You have access Access
- Open access
- Export citation
-
Introduction
Lithium was the first mood stabilizer and today continues to be a first-line treatment in the treatment of bipolar disorder despite its adverse effects, which make it important to monitor blood levels and control kidney function.
ObjectivesPresentation of a case of litium withdrawal and relapse in bipolar disorder. Literature review relating to the risk of relapse when lithium treatment is interrupted.
MethodsWe present a clinical case of a patient who suffers a deterioration in renal function that requires the withdrawal of lithium and who consequently suffers a relapse. We conducted a bibliographic research of articles in Pubmed on this topic.
ResultsA 49-year-old male, with a history of multiple admissions to UHB since the age of 18 with a diagnosis of bipolar disorder and treatment with lithium. Decompensations towards the manic pole have always been related to interruptions in lithium treatment. On several occasions when the patient was feeling well emotionally, he believed himself to be “cured” and abandoned the treatment, triggering a manic episode, showing verbal aggression, increased self-esteem and delusional ideation of harm. Remission was usually achieved with the reintroduction of lithium and the addition of high-dose quetiapine. Between episodes, constant overvalued ideas of economic scarcity seemed to persist, which were accentuated in the form of delusional ideas of ruin in depressive decompensations. After 7 years of stability, control analysis showed blood litemia of 2.2 mEq/L with deterioration of kidney function and generalized tremor was observed, without improvement after serum therapy. He was admitted for dialysis and lithium was suspended. Treatment with valproate was started and a consultation scheduled in a week to adjust the dose. The patient did not attend that consultation and was admitted three days later to Psychiatry Hospitalization showing a challenging attitude, evident dysphoric mood, accelerated speech, with derailments and echolalia. Delusional ideation of harm with auditory hallucinations. Insomnia and hyporexia. Chronic renal failure persisted.
ConclusionsLithium is a very effective drug but with a narrow therapeutic range that requires adequate monitoring due to the possible consequences of its use at different organs and systems of the body. when lithium is found in the blood at toxic levels with deterioration of kidney function and glomerular filtration fails to recover, lithium treatment should be suspended. Sudden withdrawal of lithium significantly increases the risk of relapse due to rebound effect. More than 50% of patients experience a recurrence within 10 weeks of withdrawal.
Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Sodium Oxybate-Induced secondary mania with psychotic symptoms: a case report and literature review
- C. Cárdenes Moreno, S. Yelmo-Cruz, I. Pérez Sagaseta de Ilurdoz, J. J. Tascón-Cervera, G. P. González-Rodríguez, M. Gallego-Restrepo
-
- Journal:
- European Psychiatry / Volume 67 / Issue S1 / April 2024
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 27 August 2024, p. S693
-
- Article
-
- You have access Access
- Open access
- Export citation
-
Introduction
Sodium oxybate, an effective treatment for narcolepsy-associated daytime sleepiness and cataplexy, has been extensively. Despite its therapeutic benefits, sodium oxybate is not without its risks, and adverse psychiatric effects have been documented. This case report highlights a rare manifestation of sodium oxybate-related secondary mania with psychotic symptoms in a patient with narcolepsy, emphasizing the importance of recognizing and managing such adverse events. Additionally, we provide a brief review of similar cases reported in the literature.
ObjectivesThis report aims to describe the presentation, evaluation, and management of sodium oxybate-induced secondary mania with psychotic symptoms in a patient with narcolepsy. We also discuss the potential mechanisms underlying this adverse reaction and its clinical implications. Furthermore, we summarize findings from previous studies that have reported cases of secondary mania associated with sodium oxybate use.
MethodsWe present the case of Mr. X, a 48-year-old male diagnosed with “Narcolepsy with cataplexy,” who had been receiving sodium oxybate treatment for 11 years. He was admitted to the hospital following a mild head injury and the emergence of a manic episode with psychotic features. Comprehensive clinical evaluation, including medical history, toxicology screening, and neuroimaging, was conducted.
ResultsUpon evaluation, Mr. X exhibited hyperactivity, restlessnes, grandiose delusions, paranoid delusions related to hospital staff, and decreased need for sleep. Notably, he had been consuming sodium oxybate excessively. Sodium oxybate was discontinued, and low-dose olanzapine was initiated. Within 24 hours, his manic and psychotic symptoms resolved. He admitted to overusing his medication, and his family reported a recent increase in his activity level. A review of the literature revealed similar cases of sodium oxybate-induced secondary mania with psychotic symptoms.
ConclusionsThis case underscores the importance of vigilance for psychiatric side effects of sodium oxybate, particularly in patients with a history of substance abuse or potential overuse. Secondary mania associated with medications is a rare but significant clinical entity. Prompt recognition and intervention are crucial for patient safety and well-being. Further research is needed to elucidate the mechanisms underlying such reactions and to establish guidelines for their prevention and management.
Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Unveiling the Perspectives on Sexual Unwellness: A Cross-National Qualitative Study with Older Adults from Mexico and Portugal
- S. von Humboldt, N. M. Mendoza-Ruvalcaba, J. A. Ribeiro-Gonçalves, A. Chávez-Rodríguez, E. D. Arias-Merino, G. Low, I. Leal
-
- Journal:
- European Psychiatry / Volume 67 / Issue S1 / April 2024
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 27 August 2024, p. S201
-
- Article
-
- You have access Access
- Open access
- Export citation
-
Introduction
Sexual unwellness (SU) has been linked to a lack of sexual satisfaction and to an incapacity to maintain sexual relations.
ObjectivesThe objective of this cross-cultural study is to shed light on older adults’ perspectives on SU across cultures.
MethodsEighty-three older participants (65 to 98 years of age) took part in this qualitative study. Participants lived in the community and were of two different nationalities (Portuguese and Mexican). Semi-structured interviews were conducted, and content analysis was then carried out.
ResultsSU emerged in the findings of the content analysis through six themes: Dissatisfying Sexual Experiences; Feelings of Isolation; Spirituality; Medication; Unattractiveness and Pain. The most common theme among older Portuguese participants was ‘Dissatisfying Sexual Experiences’ (25.5%). ‘Feelings of Isolation’ was most common among older Mexican participants (13.7%).
ConclusionsA diversity of experiences of older adults in relation to SU was highlighted in this study. Moreover, cross-cultural research on the construct of SU is essential for understanding the cultural differences in the conceptualization of the construct and how these themes may influence the quality of sexual life in old age.
Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Delusional parasitosis: the importance of a multidisciplinary approach
- M. Calvo Valcárcel, G. Guerra Valera, M. A. Andreo Vidal, O. Martín Santiago, M. Lorenzo Hernando, M. P. Pando Fernández, P. Martinez Gimeno, M. D. L. Á. Guillén Soto, B. Rodríguez Rodríguez, N. Navarro Barriga, M. Fernández Lozano, M. J. Mateos Sexmero, C. De Andrés Lobo, M. D. C. Vallecillo Adame, T. Jimenez Aparicio, A. Monllor Lazarraga, M. Ríos Vaquero, L. Rojas Vázquez, L. Sobrino Conde, A. Aparicio Parra, G. Lorenzo Chapatte
-
- Journal:
- European Psychiatry / Volume 67 / Issue S1 / April 2024
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 27 August 2024, p. S750
-
- Article
-
- You have access Access
- Open access
- Export citation
-
Introduction
Delusional parasitosis, also known as delusional infestation or Ekbom’s syndrome, is a rare psychotic disorder characterized by the false belief that a parasitic skin infestation exists, despite the absence of any medical evidence to support this claim. These patients often see many physicians, so a multidisciplinary approach among clinicians is important. Many patients refuse any treatment due to their firm belief that they suffer from an infestation, not a psychiatric condition, so it is crucial to gain the trust of these patients.
ObjectivesThe comprehensive review of this clinical case aims to investigate Ekbom syndrome, from a historical, clinical and therapeutic perspective.
MethodsLiterature review based on delusional parasitosis.
ResultsA 65-year-old woman comes to the psychiatry consultation referred by her primary care physician concerned about being infested by insects that she perceives through scales on her skin for the last three months. She recognizes important impact on her functionality. She is also convinced that her family is being infected too. As psychiatric history she recognizes alcohol abuse in the past (no current consumption) and an episode of persecutory characteristics with a neighbor, more than ten years ago. On psychopathological examination, she shows delusional ideation of parasitosis, with high behavioral repercussions, cenesthetic and cotariform hallucinations, as well as feelings of helplessness and anger. Treatment with Pimozide was started and the patient was referred to dermatology for evaluation, a plan she accepted. Her primary care physician and dermatology specialist were informed about the case and the treatment plan. In the recent reviews, the patient is calmer, however, despite the corroboration of dermatology and in the absence of organic lesions in cranial CT, she is still unsatisfied with the results, remaining firm in her conviction of infestation. It was decided to start treatment with atypical neuroleptics (Aripiprazole), with progressive recovery of her previous functionality.
ConclusionsDespite the increase in the number of studies in recent years, there are still few studies on this type of delirium. The female:male ratio varies in the bibiliography (between 2:1 and 3:1). The onset is usually insidious, generally appearing as a patient who comes to his primary care physician convinced of having parasites in different skin locations. It is usual to observe scratching lesions or even wounds in search of the parasite. In the past, the most used and studied treatment was Pimozide. Currently the treatment of choice is atypical neuroleptics due to their lower side effects. The latest reviews on the prognosis of this disorder show data with percentages of complete recovery between 51% and 70%, and partial responses between 16.5% and 20%. Finally, for a good diagnosis and therapeutic management, it is important to achieve a multidisciplinary approach.
Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
From adjustment disorder to schizotypal personality disorder
- C. De Andrés-Lobo, M. D. C. Vallecillo Adame, T. Jiménez Aparicio, A. Rodríguez Campos, N. Navarro Barriga, M. J. Mateos Sexmero, B. Rodríguez Rodríguez, M. Fernández Lozano, M. Calvo Valcárcel, M. Andreo Vidal, P. Martínez Gimeno, M. P. Pando Fernández, L. Rojas Vázquez, G. Lorenzo Chapatte, M. Ríos Vaquero, A. Monllor Lazarraga
-
- Journal:
- European Psychiatry / Volume 67 / Issue S1 / April 2024
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 27 August 2024, pp. S652-S653
-
- Article
-
- You have access Access
- Open access
- Export citation
-
Introduction
Individuals with schizotypal personality disorder are characterized by tendencies to magical thinking, unusual perceptions, discomfort in social situations, and restricted affect. It is frecuent that they have social anxiety and have difficulty in understanding the motivations and thoughts of others.
ObjectivesPresentation of a case of a patient who was first diagnosed with adjustment disorder, but on a closer study, was discovered to have a schizotypal personality disorder.
MethodsWe conducted a bibliographic review by searching for articles about schizotypal personality disorder and theory of mind in Pubmed.
ResultsWe present the case of a 39-year-old woman, diagnosed with adjustment disorder after a conflict at work with a colleague that caused her anxiety-depressive symptoms. In consultations, the patient shows verbiage without expansiveness or euphoria, with rambling speech. She expresses feelings of indignation and injustice, she is irritable, with contained anger. She refers that she prefers to be distrustful of others because she does not understand their intentions. Her thoughts are very rigid, which leads her to have avoidant and phobic attitudes, having no relationships of friendship throughout her life.
A neuropsychological evaluation is carried out, resulting in a surprising WAIS with a TIC of 128. However, the Mayer‐Salovey‐Caruso Emotional Intelligence Test (MSCEIT) shows difficulties in Perception, Comprehension and Emotional Management
Considering the patient’s symptomatology as a whole, it is noteworthy:
– Sustained social isolation throughout their life history
– Superficiality of interpersonal relationships
– Distrust and slight self-referentiality. Deficit in inferring the feelings and thoughts of others
– Peculiar speech with ideas of magical content, superstitions and rituals…
Which together supported a diagnosis of schizotypal personality disorder and generalized anxiety disorder. From this point we started to work on her self-esteem, modification of irrational beliefs and cognitive distortions, interpersonal communication and metacognitive therapy, with good results.
ConclusionsThe type of schizotypal patients who come to consultations most frequently are the actively isolated/timorous profile due to their intense social anxiety and difficulties in understanding and adapting to the social world around them. Initial therapy should be empathic support. The theory of mind is the ability to infer the other’s mental states and therefore predict their behavior, this ability being diminished in the schizotypal patient. Mentalization tasks, metacognitive therapy, cognitive flexibility training, social skills training, and promoting self-worth are useful. On some occasions it may be necessary to start psychopharmacological treatment to control anxiety and unusual perceptions when they cause discomfort.
Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Mental health impact of fentanyl abuse, a case report
- G. Lorenzo - Chapatte, G. Guerra Valera, P. Marqués Cabezas, L. R. Vázquez, M. Ríos Vaquero, A. Monllor Lazarraga, M. P. Pando Fernández, P. Martínez Gimeno, M. A. Andreo Vidal, M. Calvo Valcárcel, B. Rodríguez Rodríguez, N. Navarro Barriga, M. J. Mateos Sexmero, M. Fernández Lozano, T. Jiménez Aparicio, C. De Andrés-Lobo, M. D. C. Vallecillo Adame, M. D. L. Á. Guillén Soto, L. Sobrino Conde, A. Aparicio Parras
-
- Journal:
- European Psychiatry / Volume 67 / Issue S1 / April 2024
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 27 August 2024, p. S409
-
- Article
-
- You have access Access
- Open access
- Export citation
-
Introduction
In recent years, there has been an increase in the prevalence of illicit use of fentanyl and other opioids in the United States population. This has led to an increase in medical, psychopathological and abuse-associated comorbidity, an increase in deaths and a decrease in the age of consumption, and has become a serious emerging problem in young people.
We present the case of an 18-year-old woman from the United States who recently settled in Spain and started a follow-up in Mental Health due to opioid and other substance abuse problems.
ObjectivesTo address the growing problem surrounding the illicit use of fentanyl and opioids as drugs of abuse based on the presentation of the clinical case mentioned above.
MethodsBibliographic search and description of a clinical case of a patient under follow-up by Mental Health at the “Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid”.
ResultsAn 18-year-old woman from the United States who has been living with her father in Spain since the summer of 2023, having moved to Spain due to problems related to substance abuse.
With no previous medical or surgical history and with a history of follow-up in Mental Health in her country of origin for depressive symptomatology, dysfunctional personality traits and abuse of different toxic substances since adolescence.
After a brief and erratic follow-up in Psychiatry for anxious-depressive symptoms reactive to a complex and conflictive relationship with his mother and marked academic difficulties during the first years of adolescence, at the age of 15 he started using cannabis and alcohol, thus beginning a period marked by relationships with marginalized sectors of the population, substance abuse and school failure.
As his cannabis consumption intensified, he began to consume fentanyl prescribed to his mother, as well as other opioids to which he had access illegally, for which reason he had to be admitted twice to detoxification centers without results, which is why his family finally decided to move him to Spain.
ConclusionsIn recent years, fentanyl abuse has become a serious public health problem that is mainly centered in the young population.
High levels of impulsivity and lack of frustration tolerance predispose to the use of illicit substances for elusive purposes.
Substance abuse carries with it not only an important organic comorbidity, but also a marked socio-familial and economic repercussion.
Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Psychopharmacological management in patients with Di George syndrome
- L. Rojas Vázquez, P. Marqués Cabezas, G. Lorenzo Chapatte, M. Ríos Vaquero, A. Monllor Lazarraga, M. P. Pando Fernández, M. A. Andreo Vidal, M. Calvo Valcárcel, P. Martínez Gimeno, M. J. Mateos Sexmero, B. Rodríguez Rodríguez, M. Fernández Lozano, N. Navarro Barriga, T. Jiménez Aparicio, C. De Andrés Lobo, C. Vallecillo Adame, L. Sobrino Conde, M. D. L. Á. Guillén Soto, A. Aparicio Parra
-
- Journal:
- European Psychiatry / Volume 67 / Issue S1 / April 2024
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 27 August 2024, p. S455
-
- Article
-
- You have access Access
- Open access
- Export citation
-
Introduction
It is widely described in the scientific literature that patients who suffer from some type of congenital syndrome such as Di George Syndrome are more likely to present some type of psychopathological alteration during their development that may require intervention and treatment by infant and juvenile mental health teams in coordination with neuropediatrics (1). On this occasion, we will present the clinical case of a patient who regularly attends psychiatry consultations for management of anxious symptoms with impulse control deficits associated with intellectual disability, diagnosed since childhood with tetralogy of Fallot and later with Di George syndrome. In this type of case, treatment is usually considered taking into account possible comorbidities at the organic level (since there may be cardiological involvement, which can be an added difficulty when taking into account the adverse effects of some psychotropic drugs) (2).
ObjectivesThis is followed by the presentation of the clinical case, which can serve to exemplify this type of case and clarify any doubts that may arise regarding treatment.
MethodsPresentation of the clinical case and review of updated scientific literature on the subject.
ResultsPatient who first came to the infantile-junior consultations at the age of 8 years due to delay in the acquisition of verbal language and impulsivity. The patient had a history of pediatric follow-up since birth for different physical symptoms that finally led to the diagnosis of Di George syndrome.
Given the difficulties he presented both at home and at school, different psychometric tests were performed and it was determined that it could be beneficial to initiate treatment with extended-release methylphenidate. Prior to treatment, psychomotor restlessness (without aggressiveness) and difficulty in concentration prevailed, which improved significantly after upward adjustment of the dose to a guideline corresponding to his age and weight. It was not necessary in this case to administer other treatments (the possibility of starting Aripiprazole in case of episodes of agitation was considered, but it was not necessary). The patient has continued to be monitored by cardiology to assess the possible side effects of the treatment (since it can increase heart rate and blood pressure (3), but so far no complications have been detected).
Thanks to psychotherapeutic and educational intervention, language acquisition was achieved, although to date he still requires support due to the difficulties he still presents.
ConclusionsIt is important to take into account the possible side effects of psychopharmacological treatment in patients with an associated congenital syndrome. Intensive and comprehensive follow-up by psychiatry and pediatrics (and later by their primary care physician) should be performed.
Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
New drugs in the treatment of dual psychosis: use of cariprazine in schizophrenia, other psychotic disorders and use of cocaine. A case series in a specific outpatient psychiatric clinic for substance use disorders.
- G. Montero-Hernandez, I. Alberdi-Páramo, M. Pérez-Lombardo, J. Rodríguez-Quijano, J. Pemán-Rodríguez, J. E. Ibáñez-Vizoso
-
- Journal:
- European Psychiatry / Volume 67 / Issue S1 / April 2024
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 27 August 2024, pp. S294-S295
-
- Article
-
- You have access Access
- Open access
- Export citation
-
Introduction
New drugs in the treatment of dual psychosis: use of cariprazine in schizophrenia, other psychotic disorders and use of cocaine. A case series in a specific outpatient psychiatric clinic for substance use disorders.
ObjectivesThe main objective of this case series is to observe and describe the tolerability and clinical response to different doses of cariprazine in a series of patients with dual psychosis, especifically cocaine users; with a special attention upon psychotic symptoms, disruptive behaviour, affective symptoms and cocaine use pattern.
MethodsThis series consists of an observation of a total of 20 patients treated on an outpatient basis. All of them had a either a diagnosis of Schizophrenia or Other Non Specified Psychotic Disorder meeting the DSM-5 criteria, as well as a Cocaine Use Related Disorder meeting the DSM-5 criteria. All of them received treatment with cariprazine in different doses from 1,5mg to 6mg per day, as a solo treatment or as an adjuvant to another previous antipsychotic treatment when antipsychotic augmentation was justified. We observed patients that had started cariprazine in the past three months and that had active drug use or had had one in the past three months.
We monitored the tolerance to the treatment, the clinical response in terms of positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia, affective symptoms, disruptive behavior, and the response in terms of substance use; for a period of six months of follow-up, with psychiatric consultation at least every month and nurse consultation every two weeks in our clinic.
Results95% of the patients did not present any side effect related to cariprazine. In one patient (5%) the treatment had to be stopped due to akathisia that did not disappear after two weeks and symptomatic treatment with benzodiacepines. 60% of patients either stopped using (50%) or reduced their use frequency (50%). 70% of the patients presented an improvement in positive symptoms and behavior. Also, one third of them presented a slight improvement in negative symptoms. 20% of patients referred a significant improve in depressive symptoms.
ConclusionsThe main conclusion of this case series is that cariprazine at any dosis between 3mg and 6mg per day has a positive outcome, both in the psychotic domain and the substance use disorder. We hope this case series will help our colleagues treat their patients suffering from these pathologies in an optimal way. This could also set a basis to encourage a proper clinical trial to assess if new antipsychotics such as cariprazine could be a new standard for the treatment of Dual Disorders.
Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Impulse phobias during pregnancy: a case report of a 37 year-old woman pregnant of her first child
- M. Ríos-Vaquero, G. Lorenzo-Chapatte, L. Rojas-Vázquez, A. Monllor-Lazarraga, L. Sobrino-Conde, M. J. Mateos-Sexmero, T. Jimenez-Aparicio, M. Calvo-Valcarcel, M. A. Andreo-Vidal, M. P. Pando-Fernández, P. Martínez-Gimeno, M. D. L. A. Guillen-Soto, B. Rodriguez-Rodriguez, N. Navarro-Barriga, M. Fernández-Lozano, A. Aparicio-Parras, M. D. C. Vallecillo-Adame, C. De Andres-Lobo, A. Rodríguez-Campos
-
- Journal:
- European Psychiatry / Volume 67 / Issue S1 / April 2024
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 27 August 2024, p. S801
-
- Article
-
- You have access Access
- Open access
- Export citation
-
Introduction
Pregnancy and puerperium are two critical stages for women’s mental health due to the biological stress of pregnancy itself, as well as the emotional stress that surrounds this vital moment. (1) Debut and aggravation of psychiatric symptoms may occur, as well as relapse in women previously diagnosed with Severe Mental Disorder (SMD).
Symptoms of the anxious spectrum are the most frequent within the perinatal mental pathology, being impulse phobias an entity that appears in about 25% of women previously diagnosed with OCD and up to 10-15% of women without previous psychopathology (2)
ObjectivesExposing the importance of Perinatal Mental Health from the presentation of a clinical case.
MethodsReview of the literature available in PubMed. Presentation of the pathobiography and evolution of the patient.
ResultsOur case is about a 37-year-old woman, 30 weeks pregnant with her first child and history of having required admission to Psychiatry with subsequent follow-up in Mental Health for anxious-depressive symptoms with the presence of self-injurious ideas who, after two weeks with multiple life stressors, came to the Emergency Department for the presence of impulse phobias focused on pregnancy with significant internal anguish and ideas of death as a resolution to it, which is why it was decided to hospitalize her. During admission, and taking into account the patient’s gestational state, treatment was started with diluted Mirtazapine and Aripiprazole solution at minimal doses, which in this case were sufficient for symptom control.
The latest guidelines addressing psychopharmacology during pregnancy and lactation point to sertraline among the antidepressants and Lorazepam among the benzodiazepines as the safest drugs during pregnancy (3).
Conclusions- The exacerbation of anxious symptomatology and the presence of gestation-focused impulse phobias are frequent during pregnancy and their intensity increases as the time of delivery approaches.
- Sertraline, Lorazepam, Mirtazapine and Aripiprazole are safe drugs during pregnancy.
- In these women, a close and multidisciplinary follow-up by Psychiatry and Gynecology is advisable.
Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Euthanasia - A Novel Intricacy for Psychiatry’s Purview?
- Í. Alberdi-Páramo, M. Pérez-Lombardo, J. Pemán-Rodríguez, J. E. Ibáñez Vizoso, R. Á. Baena Mures, L. Niell Galmés, J. Rodríguez Quijano, G. Montero-Hernández
-
- Journal:
- European Psychiatry / Volume 67 / Issue S1 / April 2024
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 27 August 2024, p. S332
-
- Article
-
- You have access Access
- Open access
- Export citation
-
Introduction
Numerous countries, notably within Europe, have sanctioned the practice of euthanasia. Extant legal frameworks meticulously define the extent, essence, and application of euthanasia, encompassing divergent characterizations, explications of entitlements, procedural modalities, and provisions for access. Nonetheless, the precise function of psychiatrists within these legislative contours remains conspicuously nebulous.
ObjectivesThe present inquiry undertakes a comprehensive evaluative review of the euthanasia phenomenon vis-à-vis the intricate tapestry of European legislative paradigms, with an emphasis on elucidating the multifaceted involvement of psychiatry within this evolving landscape.
MethodsA nuanced narrative review is undertaken, encapsulating the contemporary state-of-affairs, fundamental conceptual architectures, the tenets of the Spanish Organic Law 03/2021, and the pharmaceutic armamentarium deployed in the orchestration of euthanasic practices. Additionally, the methodological blueprint employed within a prominent tertiary healthcare institution situated in Madrid is meticulously expounded.
ResultsTo date, euthanasia has garnered legal imprimatur across diverse jurisdictions including, but not limited to, the Netherlands, Belgium, Colombia, Canada, Spain, and New Zealand. The ambit of assisted death and its application to the domain of mental infirmities is meticulously deconstructed. Within the overarching realm of foundational concepts, a rigorous delineation is rendered between euthanasia, medical succor in the throes of mortality, assisted self-termination, facilitated demise, provision of mortal release, judicious calibration of therapeutic enterprise, and the contours of palliative sedation. Distinction between the principal executor and the advisory consultant is rendered salient. The rubric of conscientious objection emerges as an inviolable entitlement of healthcare practitioners enmeshed in the provisionary matrix.
The enduring incumbency of the psychiatrist as a pivotal appraiser of cognitive and volitional faculties holds firm. The conspicuous influence of psychopathological constellations upon the contours of euthanasia eligibility precipitates cogent deliberation.
ConclusionsAs the frontiers of euthanasia expand to encompass an augmented array of legal jurisdictions, this study underscores the increasingly intricate role inhabited by psychiatrists in the matrix of evaluative assessments. The proclivity of mental maladies to exert a substantial gravitational pull upon determinations of eligibility for euthanasia accentuates the exigency for refined explication of roles and responsibilities within this evolving sphere, a clarion call resonant not only within the precincts of psychiatry but reverberating across the broader firmament of medical praxis.
Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Estudio preliminar e identificación de un campamento de náufragos en el contexto de la Guerra del Brasil (1825-1828), Partido de Patagones, Buenos Aires
- Nicolás C. Ciarlo, Ana Castelli, Joaquín Rodríguez Saumell, Carlos G. Landa, Leonardo Dam, Diego Carabias Amor, Alasdair Brooks, Luis V. J. Coll, Rodrigo Torres
-
- Journal:
- Latin American Antiquity , First View
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 16 April 2024, pp. 1-20
-
- Article
- Export citation
-
La navegación, la tecnología naval, la vida a bordo y las actividades llevadas a cabo en barcos de época moderna y contemporánea han sido temas ampliamente estudiados dentro de la arqueología marítima y náutica. Sin embargo, el devenir de los náufragos sobrevivientes de accidentes y las correspondientes evidencias materiales en la costa, no fueron abordados en grado semejante. Las investigaciones muestran un desarrollo dispar, destacando los trabajos realizados en el Pacífico occidental. En Latinoamérica, esta problemática se encuentra aún apenas esbozada. El estudio arqueológico de campamentos de náufragos puede aportar información novedosa para conocer las relaciones humanas, interpersonales e intergrupales, en situaciones de crisis. En este artículo, presentamos los primeros resultados del análisis arqueológico-histórico de la materialidad asociada al sitio Faro Segunda Barranca 4, localizado en el Partido de Patagones, Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina. A partir de una discusión de las diferentes líneas de evidencia, identificamos los restos como un campamento de náufragos en el marco de la Guerra del Brasil o Guerra de Cisplatina (1825-1828).
The pink shrimp Farfantepenaeus duorarum, its symbionts and helminths as bioindicators of chemical pollution in Campeche Sound, Mexico
- V.M. Vidal-Martínez, M.L. Aguirre-Macedo, R. Del Rio-Rodríguez, G. Gold-Bouchot, J. Rendón-von Osten, G.A. Miranda-Rosas
-
- Journal:
- Journal of Helminthology / Volume 80 / Issue 2 / June 2006
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 12 April 2024, pp. 159-174
-
- Article
- Export citation
-
The pink shrimp Farfantepenaeus duorarum may acquire pollutants, helminths and symbionts from their environment. Statistical associations were studied between the symbionts and helminths of F. duorarum and pollutants in sediments, water and shrimps in Campeche Sound, Mexico. The study area spatially overlapped between offshore oil platforms and natural shrimp mating grounds. Spatial autocorrelation of data was controlled with spatial analysis using distance indices (SADIE) which identifies parasite or pollutant patches (high levels) and gaps (low levels), expressing them as clustering indices compared at each point to produce a measure of spatial association. Symbionts included the peritrich ciliates Epistylis sp. and Zoothamnium penaei and all symbionts were pooled. Helminths included Hysterothylacium sp., Opecoeloides fimbriatus, Prochristianella penaei and an unidentified cestode. Thirty-five pollutants were identified, including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), pesticides and heavy metals. The PAHs (2–3 ring) in water, unresolved complex mixture (UCM), Ni and V in sediments, and Zn, Cr and heptachlor in shrimps were significantly clustered. The remaining pollutants were randomly distributed in the study area. Juvenile shrimps acquired pesticides, PAHs (2–3 rings) and Zn, while adults acquired PAHs (4–5 rings), Cu and V. Results suggest natural PAH spillovers, and continental runoff of dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), PCBs and PAHs (2–3 ring). There were no significant associations between pollutants and helminths. However, there were significant negative associations of pesticides, UCM and PCBs with symbiont numbers after controlling shrimp size and spatial autocorrelation. Shrimps and their symbionts appear to be promising bioindicators of organic chemical pollution in Campeche Sound.
Electron Microscopy and X-Ray Analysis of Lacustrine Clays from the Charo Canyon, State of Michoacán, Mexico
- G. Carbajal de la Torre, I. Israde Alcántara, J. Serrato Rodríguez, J. Reyes-Gasga
-
- Journal:
- Clays and Clay Minerals / Volume 46 / Issue 3 / June 1998
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 28 February 2024, pp. 330-339
-
- Article
- Export citation
-
In this paper we analyzed by electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction (XRD) the exposed lacustrine clay in a stratigraphic column at Charo Canyon, State of Michoacán, Mexico. Smectite, cris-tobalite, albite and quartz are the main mineral species in the sediments. Smectite is the most abundant and has a nanometric twinned small particle habit. The low crystallinity of the smectite detected in some of the samples seems to be associated with instability of the paleohydrological regime in which clayey material was deposited. Iron from underlying volcanic ash is apparently responsible for the iron concentration detected in the smectite structure.