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24 results

Page 1 of 2

  • Domestic violence and self-poisoning in Sri Lanka

  • Piumee Bandara, Andrew Page, Lalith Senarathna, Judi Kidger, Gene Feder, David Gunnell, Thilini Rajapakse, Duleeka Knipe
  • Journal:
    Psychological Medicine / Volume 52 / Issue 6 / April 2022
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    11 September 2020, pp. 1183-1191
  • Background

    There is increasing evidence that domestic violence (DV) is an important risk factor for suicidal behaviour. The level of risk and its contribution to the overall burden of suicidal behaviour among men and women has not been quantified in South Asia. We carried out a large case-control study to examine the association between DV and self-poisoning in Sri Lanka.

    Methods

    Cases (N = 291) were patients aged ⩾18 years, admitted to a tertiary hospital in Kandy Sri Lanka for self-poisoning. Sex and age frequency matched controls were recruited from the hospital's outpatient department (N = 490) and local population (N = 450). Exposure to DV was collected through the Humiliation, Afraid, Rape, Kick questionnaire. Multivariable logistic regression models were conducted to estimate the association between DV and self-poisoning, and population attributable fractions were calculated.

    Results

    Exposure to at least one type of DV within the previous 12 months was strongly associated with self-poisoning for women [adjusted OR (AOR) 4.08, 95% CI 1.60–4.78] and men (AOR 2.52, 95% CI 1.51–4.21), compared to those reporting no abuse. Among women, the association was strongest for physical violence (AOR 14.07, 95% CI 5.87–33.72), whereas among men, emotional abuse showed the highest risk (AOR 2.75, 95% CI 1.57–4.82). PAF% for exposure to at least one type of DV was 38% (95% CI 32–43) in women and 22% (95% CI 14–29) in men.

    Conclusions

    Multi-sectoral interventions to address DV including enhanced identification in health care settings, community-based strategies, and integration of DV support and psychological services may substantially reduce suicidal behaviour in Sri Lanka.

Domestic Violence and Mental Health
  • Edited by Louise M. Howard, Gene Feder, Roxanne Agnew-Davies
  • Published online:
    01 January 2018
    Print publication:
    01 May 2013
  • People with mental health problems are more likely to be victims of domestic violence than the general population. This book gives practical guidance on how mental health professionals can identify and respond to domestic violence experienced by their patients. It covers the prevalence of domestic violence, its association with mental health problems and the current evidence base on effective interventions to reduce abuse and improve mental health. It includes liaison with other agencies, such as social care, the police and the domestic violence sector, and gives information on relevant medico-legal issues in order to prepare professionals to present evidence in court. Comprehensive resource for mental health professionals. Practical advice on how to help those affected by domestic violence. Written by international experts on this major public health problem.

  • 1 - Prevalence and physical health impact of domestic violence

  • Edited by Louise Howard, Gene Feder, Roxanne Agnew-Davies
  • Book:
    Domestic Violence and Mental Health
    Published by:
    Royal College of Psychiatrists
    Published online:
    25 February 2017, pp 1-17

  • Summary

    Domestic violence and abuse is threatening behaviour, violence or abuse between adults who are relatives, partners or ex-partners. It includes abuse from adult children and from parents of adult children. Domestic violence is a breach of human rights as well as a major public health and clinical problem. In this chapter we focus largely on violence between partners or ex-partners when discussing prevalence, and exclusively on partner violence when reviewing evidence on the health impact of domestic violence and abuse, as this is the focus of most research to date.

    Definition of intimate partner violence

    Intimate partner violence is a form of domestic violence occurring between intimate partners or ex-partners. Whereas violence between partners occurs in all types of relationships and cuts across all sections of society, intimate partner violence is recognised as a gendered issue where women are overwhelmingly more likely to be injured as a result of violence, require medical attention or hospital admission, and fear for their lives, and men are more likely to perpetrate violence. Internationally, there are no consistent demographic associations with intimate partner violence, such as ethnicity, age and number of children, other than relative poverty. Although it is prevalent across the socioeconomic spectrum, intimate partner violence is more common in families and communities which are relatively deprived (Pickett & Wilkinson, 2009). In the UK, the USA and Canada, younger women (aged between 16 and 34) experience the highest rates of intimate partner violence (Smith et al, 2011; Catalano, 2012; Sinha, 2012) and there is some evidence that women with disabilities are at increased risk (Mirlees-Black, 1999).

    In earlier decades, terms such as wife abuse, conjugal violence and spousal abuse were commonplace, but they have been superseded by more general terms, such as domestic violence, in recognition that violence and abuse does not just occur between married couples. In the UK, domestic violence has a precise definition denoting violence between adults who are relatives, partners or ex-partners (Home Office, 2012). Intimate partner violence specifically refers to abuse from partners or ex-partners, distinguishing it from other forms of violence that may occur in a family or domestic setting.

  • Health professionals responding to men for safety (HERMES): feasibility of a general practice training intervention to improve the response to male patients who have experienced or perpetrated domestic violence and abuse

  • Emma Williamson, Sue K. Jones, Giulia Ferrari, Thangam Debbonaire, Gene Feder, Marianne Hester
  • Journal:
    Primary Health Care Research & Development / Volume 16 / Issue 3 / May 2015
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    23 September 2014, pp. 281-288
    • Article
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  • Aim

    To evaluate a training intervention for general practice-based doctors and nurses in terms of the identification, documentation, and referral of male patients experiencing or perpetrating domestic violence and abuse (DVA) in four general practices in the south west of England.

    Background

    Research suggests that male victims and perpetrators of DVA present to primary care clinicians to seek support for their experiences. We know that the response of primary care clinicians to women patients experiencing DVA improves from training and the establishment of referral pathways to specialist DVA services.

    Method

    The intervention consisted of a 2-h practice-based training. Outcome measures included: a pre-post, self-reported survey of staff practice; disclosures of DVA as documented in medical records pre-post (six months) intervention; semi-structured interviews with clinicians; and practice-level contact data collected by DVA specialist agencies.

    Results

    Results show a significant increase in clinicians’ self-reported preparedness to meet the needs of male patients experiencing or perpetrating DVA. There was a small increase in male patients identified within the medical records (6 pre- to 17 post-intervention) but only five of those patients made contact with a specialist DVA agency identified within the referral pathway. The training increased clinicians’ confidence in responding to male patients affected by DVA. The increase in recorded identification of DVA male patients experiencing or perpetrating DVA was small and contact of those patients with a specialist DVA support service was negligible. We need to better understand male help seeking in relation to DVA, further develop interventions to increase identification of male patients experiencing or perpetrating DVA behaviours, and facilitate access to support services.

  • Appendix 2 - Domestic violence resources and directory of services

  • Edited by Louise M. Howard, Gene Feder, Roxanne Agnew-Davies
  • Book:
    Domestic Violence and Mental Health
    Published online:
    01 January 2018
    Print publication:
    01 May 2013, pp 102-109

  • Summary

    Resources

    Against Violence and Abuse (www.avaproject.org.uk):

  • • The Coordinated Community Response to Domestic Violence Toolkit: www. ccrm.org.uk

  • • Sane Responses: Good Practice Guidelines for Domestic Violence and Mental Health Services (2008), available on the AVA website

    • Barron, J. (2005) Health and Domestic Volence – Good Practice Guidelines. Principles of Good Practice for Working with Women Experiencing Domestic Violence (Guidance for Mental Health Professionals) available at www. womensaid.org.uk

    British Medical Association (http://bma.org.uk):

  • • Victims of Forced Marriage: Guidance for Health Professionals (2008) available on the BMA website

  • • Domestic Abuse: A Report from the BMA Board of Science (eds S. How & N. Jayesinghe, 2007), can be requested from the British Library

    • Co-ordinated Action Against Domestic Abuse (CAADA):

  • • Resources for Practitioners who Refer to Multi-Agency Risk Assessment Conferences (MARACs): www.caada.org.uk/marac/Resources_for_ people_who_refer_to_MARAC.html

    • Department of Health (www.dh.gov.uk):

  • • No Secrets: Guidance on Developing and Implementing Multi-Agency Policies and Procedures to Protect Vulnerable Adults from Abuse (2000)

  • • Responding to Domestic Abuse: A Handbook for Health Professionals (2005)

  • • Improving Safety, Reducing Harm: Children, Young People and Domestic Violence (2009)

  • • Responding to Violence against Women and Children – The Role of the NHS (2010)

    • Ethnic Alcohol Counselling in Hounslow (EACH):

  • • Asian Women, Domestic Violence and Mental Health: A Toolkit for Health Professionals (2009): http://ndvf.org.uk/files/document/817/original.pdf

    • Home Office (www.homeoffice.gov.uk):

  • • Tackling Domestic Violence: The Role of Health Professionals (2nd edn) (2004). This report can be found in the research and statistics section of the Home Office website (www.homeoffice.gov.uk/scienceresearch/ research-statistics)

    • National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE):

  • • Preventing and Reducing Domestic Violence. This guidance is still in development, but useful information can be accessed at http:// guidance.nice.org.uk/PHG/44

    • PreVAil: Preventing Violence Across the Lifespan Research Network (www. prevailresearch.ca)

  • 1 - Prevalence and physical health impact of domestic violence

    • By Emma Howarth, Research Associate, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Gene Feder, Professor of Primary Health Care, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol
  • Edited by Louise M. Howard, Gene Feder, Roxanne Agnew-Davies
  • Book:
    Domestic Violence and Mental Health
    Published online:
    01 January 2018
    Print publication:
    01 May 2013, pp 1-17

  • Summary

    Domestic violence and abuse is threatening behaviour, violence or abuse between adults who are relatives, partners or ex-partners. It includes abuse from adult children and from parents of adult children. Domestic violence is a breach of human rights as well as a major public health and clinical problem. In this chapter we focus largely on violence between partners or ex-partners when discussing prevalence, and exclusively on partner violence when reviewing evidence on the health impact of domestic violence and abuse, as this is the focus of most research to date.

    Definition of intimate partner violence

    Intimate partner violence is a form of domestic violence occurring between intimate partners or ex-partners. Whereas violence between partners occurs in all types of relationships and cuts across all sections of society, intimate partner violence is recognised as a gendered issue where women are overwhelmingly more likely to be injured as a result of violence, require medical attention or hospital admission, and fear for their lives, and men are more likely to perpetrate violence. Internationally, there are no consistent demographic associations with intimate partner violence, such as ethnicity, age and number of children, other than relative poverty. Although it is prevalent across the socioeconomic spectrum, intimate partner violence is more common in families and communities which are relatively deprived (Pickett & Wilkinson, 2009). In the UK, the USA and Canada, younger women (aged between 16 and 34) experience the highest rates of intimate partner violence (Smith et al, 2011; Catalano, 2012; Sinha, 2012) and there is some evidence that women with disabilities are at increased risk (Mirlees-Black, 1999).

    In earlier decades, terms such as wife abuse, conjugal violence and spousal abuse were commonplace, but they have been superseded by more general terms, such as domestic violence, in recognition that violence and abuse does not just occur between married couples. In the UK, domestic violence has a precise definition denoting violence between adults who are relatives, partners or ex-partners (Home Office, 2012). Intimate partner violence specifically refers to abuse from partners or ex-partners, distinguishing it from other forms of violence that may occur in a family or domestic setting.

Page 1 of 2