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17 results

  • Chapter 3 - There’s Something about David

  • from Part I - Consciousness
  • Edited by Josh Weisberg, University of Houston
  • Book:
    Qualitative Consciousness
    Published online:
    06 October 2022
    Print publication:
    20 October 2022, pp 49-75

  • Summary

    Qualitative consciousness is conscious experience marked by the presence of sensory qualities, like the experienced painfulness of having a piano dropped on your foot or the consciousness of seeing the brilliant reds and oranges of a sunset. Over his career, philosopher David Rosenthal has defended an influential theoretical approach to explaining qualitative consciousness. This approach involves the development of two theories – the higher-order thought theory of mental state consciousness and the quality-space theory of sensory quality. If the problem of explaining qualitative consciousness is divided into two more manageable pieces, the door opens to a satisfying explanation of what is seen by some to be an intractable explanatory puzzle. This interdisciplinary collection develops, criticizes, and expands upon themes inspired by Rosenthal’s work. The result is an exciting collection of new essays by philosophers and scientists, which will be of interest to all those engaged in consciousness studies.

  • Neonatal imitation in context: Sensorimotor development in the perinatal period

  • Nazim Keven, Kathleen A. Akins
  • Journal:
    Behavioral and Brain Sciences / Volume 40 / 2017
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    14 July 2016, e381

  • More than 35 years ago, Meltzoff and Moore (1977) published their famous article, “Imitation of facial and manual gestures by human neonates.” Their central conclusion, that neonates can imitate, was and continues to be controversial. Here, we focus on an often-neglected aspect of this debate, namely, neonatal spontaneous behaviors themselves. We present a case study of a paradigmatic orofacial “gesture,” namely tongue protrusion and retraction (TP/R). Against the background of new research on mammalian aerodigestive development, we ask: How does the human aerodigestive system develop, and what role does TP/R play in the neonate's emerging system of aerodigestion? We show that mammalian aerodigestion develops in two phases: (1) from the onset of isolated orofacial movements in utero to the postnatal mastery of suckling at 4 months after birth; and (2) thereafter, from preparation to the mastery of mastication and deglutition of solid foods. Like other orofacial stereotypies, TP/R emerges in the first phase and vanishes prior to the second. Based upon recent advances in activity-driven early neural development, we suggest a sequence of three developmental events in which TP/R might participate: the acquisition of tongue control, the integration of the central pattern generator (CPG) for TP/R with other aerodigestive CPGs, and the formation of connections within the cortical maps of S1 and M1. If correct, orofacial stereotypies are crucial to the maturation of aerodigestion in the neonatal period but also unlikely to co-occur with imitative behavior.

Cognition and the Brain
  • The Philosophy and Neuroscience Movement
  • Edited by Andrew Brook, Kathleen Akins
  • Published online:
    02 February 2010
    Print publication:
    12 September 2005
  • This volume provides an up to date and comprehensive overview of the philosophy and neuroscience movement, which applies the methods of neuroscience to traditional philosophical problems and uses philosophical methods to illuminate issues in neuroscience. At the heart of the movement is the conviction that basic questions about human cognition, many of which have been studied for millennia, can be answered only by a philosophically sophisticated grasp of neuroscience's insights into the processing of information by the human brain. Essays in this volume are clustered around five major themes: data and theory in neuroscience; neural representation and computation; visuomotor transformations; color vision; and consciousness.

  • COLOR VISION

    • By Andrew Brook, Director of the Institute of Cognitive Science and Professor of Philosophy, Carleton University in Ottawa, Ontario, Kathleen Akins, Director of the McDonnell Project in Philosophy and Neuroscience and Associate Professor of Philosophy, Simon Fraser University in Burnaby, British Columbia
  • Edited by Andrew Brook, Carleton University, Ottawa, Kathleen Akins, Simon Fraser University, British Columbia
  • Book:
    Cognition and the Brain
    Published online:
    02 February 2010
    Print publication:
    12 September 2005, pp 307-308

  • CONSCIOUSNESS

    • By Andrew Brook, Director of the Institute of Cognitive Science and Professor of Philosophy, Carleton University in Ottawa, Ontario, Kathleen Akins, Director of the McDonnell Project in Philosophy and Neuroscience and Associate Professor of Philosophy, Simon Fraser University in Burnaby, British Columbia
  • Edited by Andrew Brook, Carleton University, Ottawa, Kathleen Akins, Simon Fraser University, British Columbia
  • Book:
    Cognition and the Brain
    Published online:
    02 February 2010
    Print publication:
    12 September 2005, pp 379-380