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198 results

Page 1 of 10

  • MOR and Me: Reflecting on the Wisdom (and the Harm?) in Harmony

  • Michael W. Morris
  • Journal:
    Management and Organization Review / Volume 20 / Issue 6 / December 2024
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    10 April 2025, pp. 922-929
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  • The refined person seeks harmony but not sameness; the petty person seeks sameness but does not harmonize.

    –Confucius, Analects 13.23
    Management and Organization Review (MOR) was launched in 2005 as the journal of the International Association for Chinese Management Research with the mission to ‘promote scholarly studies of organization and management of firms in the Chinese context’. This was an ambiguous message, with at least two distinct meanings. One goal was facilitating research impact by scholars in greater China, who had been largely excluded by the leading management journals. For example, Chinese researchers were often asked to justify using a sample from Shanghai or Hong Kong in ways that their Western counterparts were not asked to justify a sample from London or Chicago. Another goal was to further the management field's understanding of Chinese contexts. The journal sought to open management research to Chinese scholars and open China as a topic for management research.

Queering Language Revitalisation

Queering Language Revitalisation
  • Navigating Identity and Inclusion among Queer Speakers of Minority Languages
  • John Walsh, Michael Hornsby, Eva J. Daussà, Renée Pera-Ros, Samuel Parker, Jonathan Morris, Holly R. Cashman
  • Published online:
    08 January 2025
    Print publication:
    30 January 2025
  • This Element aims to deepen our understanding of how the fields of multilingualism, second language acquisition and minority language revitalisation have largely overlooked the question of queer sexual identities among speakers of the languages under study. Based on case studies of four languages experiencing differing degrees of minoritisation – Irish, Breton, Catalan and Welsh – it investigates how queer people navigate belonging within the binary of speakers/non-speakers of minoritised languages while also maintaining their queer identities. Furthermore, it analyses how minoritised languages are dealing linguistically with the growing need for 'gender-fair' or 'gender-neutral' language. The marginalisation of queer subjects in these strands of linguistics can be traced to the historical dominance of the Fishmanian model of 'Reversing Language Shift' (RLS), which assumed the importance of the deeply heteronormative model of 'intergenerational transmission' of language as fundamental to language revitalisation contexts.

  • Intrinsic and extrinsic control impact motivation and outcome sensitivity: the role of anhedonia, stress, and anxiety

  • Marishka M. Mehta, Grace Butler, Christopher Ahn, Yolanda Irini Whitaker, Keren Bachi, Yael Jacob, Michael Treadway, James W. Murrough, Laurel S. Morris
  • Journal:
    Psychological Medicine / Volume 54 / Issue 16 / December 2024
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    27 December 2024, pp. 4575-4584
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  • Background

    Motivated behaviors vary widely across individuals and are controlled by a range of environmental and intrinsic factors. However, due to a lack of objective measures, the role of intrinsic v. extrinsic control of motivation in psychiatric disorders remains poorly understood.

    Methods

    We developed a novel multi-factorial behavioral task that separates the distinct contributions of intrinsic v. extrinsic control, and determines their influence on motivation and outcome sensitivity in a range of contextual environments. We deployed this task in two independent cohorts (final in-person N = 181 and final online N = 258), including individuals with and without depression and anxiety disorders.

    Results

    There was a significant interaction between group (controls, depression, anxiety) and control-condition (extrinsic, intrinsic) on motivation where participants with depression showed lower extrinsic motivation and participants with anxiety showed higher extrinsic motivation compared to controls, while intrinsic motivation was broadly similar across the groups. There was also a significant group-by-valence (rewards, losses) interaction, where participants with major depressive disorder showed lower motivation to avoid losses, but participants with anxiety showed higher motivation to avoid losses. Finally, there was a double-dissociation with anhedonic symptoms whereby anticipatory anhedonia was associated with reduced extrinsic motivation, whereas consummatory anhedonia was associated with lower sensitivity to outcomes that modulated intrinsic behavior. These findings were robustly replicated in the second independent cohort.

    Conclusions

    Together this work demonstrates the effects of intrinsic and extrinsic control on altering motivation and outcome sensitivity, and shows how depression, anhedonia, and anxiety may influence these biases.

  • P5: Managing patients with dementia and comorbid psychiatric disorders: a literature review and case series

  • Alvin Keng, Michael Kirzner, Morris Freedman
  • Journal:
    International Psychogeriatrics / Volume 36 / Issue S1 / September 2024
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    27 November 2024, pp. 82-83
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  • Objectives: Patients with dementia (PWD) benefit from interdisciplinary care. Depression is a well-known risk factor for the progression of neurocognitive impairment and dementia; other psychiatric disorders (i.e. anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder, bipolar disorder, psychotic disorders) also may confer an increased risk for dementia. PWD may also present with behaviours and psychological symptoms that overlap with psychiatric disorders. Our aim is threefold: (1) Review the current literature on managing psychiatric comorbidities in PWD. (2) Present an illustrative case series of PWD with psychiatric comorbidities. (3) Introduce a model of care on our Behavioural Neurology Unit (BNU) for treating PWD with psychiatric comorbidities.

    Methods: Our BNU is a 20-bed quaternary inpatient unit for difficult-to-treat behaviours related to dementia. Psychiatric consultation is readily available to clinicians and often times for PWD with psychiatric comorbidities. We review best practices in managing these patients. We present a case series of PWD with psychiatric comorbidities predating their diagnosis of dementia who have significant behavioural and psychological symptoms and have failed other settings.

    Results: Current guidelines for PWD do not discuss the management of psychiatric and neurologic comorbidities in detail. Among 26 cases, we highlight the judicious use of anticonvulsants, lithium, clozapine, and nabilone in PWD. We also demonstrate the importance of interdisciplinary care with primary care, neurology, psychiatry, and allied health support.

    Conclusions: Dementia care is challenging and requires individualized attention and interdisciplinary collaboration. These challenges are augmented when dealing with psychiatric comorbidities. We advocate for increased attention and creative solutions to address these complex cases.

Scotland's Transnational Heritage
  • Legacies of Empire and Slavery
  • Edited by Emma Bond, Michael Morris
  • Published by:
    Edinburgh University Press
    Published online:
    25 October 2023
    Print publication:
    31 January 2023
  • How do we re-think the way Scotland's history is told today? In the current context of calls to decolonise both the museum and the academy, how do we tell the stories of Scotland's role in networks of colonialism? Scotland's Transnational Heritage draws on the expertise of academics, museum professionals and creative practitioners working together to re-think the way that the transnational histories of Scotland are being told today. It outlines new historical examples of how Scottish trades and institutions benefitted from Empire. It gathers examples of contemporary case studies and innovative practices in storytelling that engage and inform. The book aims to inspire heritage and museum staff and academics to create new approaches to these histories, both in Scotland and beyond. It provides a timely snapshot of the exciting and diverse work taking place in the field in Scotland today.

  • Chapter 13 - Avowing Slavery in the Visual Arts

  • Edited by Emma Bond, University of Oxford, Michael Morris, University of Dundee
  • Book:
    Scotland's Transnational Heritage
    Published by:
    Edinburgh University Press
    Published online:
    25 October 2023
    Print publication:
    31 January 2023, pp 200-217

  • Summary

    Introduction

    The coppersmith William Forbes seized the opportunities offered by Britain’s growing involvement in the Atlantic trading system. Sugar production on the slave plantations of the Caribbean required large copper boiling pans, which were used to reduce the cane juice into sugar crystals and molasses. Forbes became expert at the production of the highest quality pans at the most competitive prices, attaining a near monopoly on their supply. Such was the extent of his business that he later became the main supplier of copper to the Royal Navy, for sheathing ships to protect their hulls during patrols in tropical waters. By the time Forbes retired, he was so wealthy that he was able to pay for his country estate, Callendar, with a single, specially printed £100,000 banknote.

    Scottish National Portrait Gallery

    In 2018, the Scottish National Portrait Gallery opened an exhibition titled The Remaking of Scotland: Nation, Migration, Globalisation 1760–1860, in which hangs Henry Raeburn’s 1798 portrait of Aberdeen-born Sir William Forbes of Callendar (1743–1815). Originally intended to hang 5 feet off the floor and to be viewed from a distance of 22 feet, this imposing full-length portrait ‘forcefully conveys Forbes’ ambitious self-regard’. Displaying Raeburn’s dramatic use of lighting, a rope-cord ties back a plush red curtain to reveal a rolling pastoral landscape, and illuminate Forbes perusing papers on a table, which may politely hint at the commercial source of wealth of the new occupant of the fourteenth-century mansion. The new exhibition notes that ‘the transformation’ of the period ‘came at great cost. The new imperial economy was built on slavery and warfare, while industrialisation … ravaged the natural envi-ronment.’ Indeed, Nuala Zahedieh argues that Forbes’ success was a ‘global story which puts flesh on Eric Williams’s thesis’ that British industrial capitalism was nurtured by Atlantic slavery. In the 1770s, Forbes first profited from the Caribbean slave-sugar industry by developing intimate links with a number of West Indian plantation owners, and later East India Company officials. West Indian plantation owners, and later East India Company officials.

  • 2 - Where We Need to Drive Food-System Action

  • Edited by Bruce Campbell, Clim-Eat, Global Center on Adaptation, University of Copenhagen, Philip Thornton, Clim-Eat, International Livestock Research Institute, Ana Maria Loboguerrero, CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security and Bioversity International, Dhanush Dinesh, Clim-Eat, Andreea Nowak, Bioversity International
  • Book:
    Transforming Food Systems Under Climate Change through Innovation
    Published online:
    19 January 2023
    Print publication:
    19 January 2023, pp 11-22
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  • Summary

    Transformation is required in complex food systems to bring about global food security for a well-nourished world population while meeting climate-related challenges. The key is to identify the best levers to achieve change. To this end, food-system transformation has four major interlocking elements: (1) rerouting systems and livelihoods into new trajectories; (2) addressing climate impacts, thereby reducing risks; (3) tackling new environmental issues, for example by reimagining diets and value chains, to lessen emissions; and (4) realigning the ’enablers of change’, such as policies, regulation, finance, and innovation. Eleven specific, concrete actions are proposed to attain these four objectives, with explanations of the goal of each action, the mechanisms to accomplish it, targeted geographic areas, and key stakeholders. Achieving food-system transformation will require annual investments of US$850 billion from now until 2050, with private-sector finance helping to fill current gaps.

  • 4 - Parenting and Children’s Social and Emotional Development: Emotion Socialization across Childhood and Adolescence

  • from Part I - Foundations of Parenting
  • Edited by Amanda Sheffield Morris, Oklahoma State University, Julia Mendez Smith, University of North Carolina, Greensboro
  • Book:
    The Cambridge Handbook of Parenting
    Published online:
    01 December 2022
    Print publication:
    15 December 2022, pp 71-94

  • Summary

    This chapter discusses parental emotion socialization (ES), or the ways in which parents teach children about the experience, expression, and regulation of emotions. The foundational theories of ES suggest that socialization can occur through a variety of mechanisms that vary with children’s age. Parents’ practices can broadly be either supportive or unsupportive. Methods for measuring and categorizing parents’ ES practices include questionnaires, naturalistic observation, and real-time discussion techniques. Research on ES involving these methods has revealed that supportive versus unsupportive practices are linked to differential effects on children’s emotion regulation skills, physiological self-regulation, psychological adjustment, and neural networks underlying emotion processing and regulation. In this chapter, we review the current findings on ES across infancy and early childhood, middle childhood, and adolescence and young adulthood. These findings are contextualized by the discussion of research on the roles of fathers and culture in the ES process. Further, interventions focused on improving ES and emotion regulation in the parent-child relationship are highlighted. The chapter concludes with recommendations for future investigations of ES and relevant policy implications.

  • Mind, World and Value

  • Edited by Anthony O'Hear, University of Buckingham
  • Foreword by Tim Crane, Central European University, Budapest
  • Book:
    The Philosophy of Mind
    Published online:
    19 May 2022
    Print publication:
    09 June 2022, pp 476-505

  • Summary

    Naturalism is the dominant philosophy of the age. It might be characterized as the view that the only real facts are facts of natural science, or that only statements of natural science are really true. But perhaps this scientistic formulation underestimates the depth and everydayness of the dominance of naturalism. More informally, we might say that naturalism is the view that the world is a world of natural objects and natural phenomena, that the only properties of these objects are natural properties, and the relations between them are all natural relations – in short, there are only natural facts, natural truths.

  • Identification and description of patients with multisystem inflammatory syndrome in adults associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection using the Premier Healthcare Database

  • Jennifer DeCuir, James Baggs, Michael Melgar, Pragna Patel, Karen K. Wong, Noah G. Schwartz, Sapna Bamrah Morris, Shana Godfred-Cato, Ermias D. Belay
  • Journal:
    Epidemiology & Infection / Volume 150 / 2022
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    17 January 2022, e26
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  • Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in adults (MIS-A) is a hyperinflammatory illness related to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. The characteristics of patients with this syndrome and the frequency with which it occurs among patients hospitalised after SARS-CoV-2 infection are unclear. Using the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention case definition for MIS-A, we created ICD-10-CM code and laboratory criteria to identify potential MIS-A patients in the Premier Healthcare Database Special COVID-19 Release, a database containing patient-level information on hospital discharges across the United States. Modified MIS-A criteria were applied to hospitalisations with discharge from March to December 2020. The proportion of hospitalisations meeting electronic health record criteria for MIS-A and descriptive statistics for patients in the potential MIS-A cohort were calculated. Of 34 515 SARS-CoV-2-related hospitalisations with complete clinical and laboratory data, 53 met modified criteria for MIS-A (0.15%). The median age was 62 years (IQR 52–74). Most patients met the severe cardiac illness criterion through either myocarditis (66.0%) or new-onset heart failure (35.8%). A total of 79.2% of patients required ICU admission, while 43.4% of patients in the cohort died. MIS-A appears to be a rare but severe outcome of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Additional studies are needed to investigate how this syndrome differs from severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in adults.

  • Primary school education resources on conservation in New Zealand over-emphasise killing of non-native mammals

  • Michael C. Morris
  • Journal:
    Australian Journal of Environmental Education / Volume 38 / Issue 2 / June 2022
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    16 December 2021, pp. 168-177
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  • Guidelines for sustainability linked to the government-approved National Curriculum for education in New Zealand emphasise values of empathy and respect for all life. These instruct educators to discuss different values around sustainability and conservation.

    I reviewed educational resources published or endorsed by government agencies to determine compliance with these sustainability Guidelines. The resources reviewed promote the view that non-native mammals should be killed. Some resources go further in giving instructions to children on how to do this, and how to source kill traps.

    Children are provided with material designed to engender dislike towards non-native mammals, particularly possums. Resources conflate issues of conservation by tying it in with protection of tourism, ornamental plants and primary industries.

    This encouragement of killing in environmental educational resources appears unique to New Zealand. It is discussed in light of increasing evidence that performing or witnessing animal abuse is a causal factor for future violence towards human and non-human animals.

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