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Three new meiobenthic species from a submarine cave in Japan: Echinoderes gama, E. kajiharai and E. uozumii (Kinorhyncha: Cyclorhagida)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  15 June 2020

Hiroshi Yamasaki Open the ORCID record for Hiroshi Yamasaki [Opens in a new window] ,
Shinta Fujimoto  and
Hayato Tanaka
Hiroshi Yamasaki*
Affiliation:
Faculty of Arts and Science, Kyushu University, Motooka 744, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka city, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan Museum für Naturkunde, Leibniz Institute for Evolution and Biodiversity, Invalidenstr. 43, D-10115 Berlin, Germany
Shinta Fujimoto
Affiliation:
Research Center for Marine Biology, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, 9 Sakamoto, Asamushi, Aomori 039–3501, Japan
Hayato Tanaka
Affiliation:
Tokyo Sea Life Park, 6–2–3 Rinkai-cho, Edogawa-ku, Tokyo 134–8587, Japan
*
Author for correspondence: Hiroshi Yamasaki, E-mail: h.yamasaki@meiobenthos.com
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Abstract

Three new species of echinoderid kinorhynchs are described from Daidokutsu, a submarine cave in Ryukyu Islands, Japan. Echinoderes gama sp. nov. is characterized by the presence of middorsal acicular spines on segments 4–8; lateroventral acicular spines on segments 7–9; lateroventral tubes on segment 5; sublateral tubes on segment 8; laterodorsal tubes on segment 10; and type-2 gland cell outlets in subdorsal and lateroventral position on segment 2. Echinoderes kajiharai sp. nov. is defined by the presence of middorsal acicular spines on segments 4, 6, 8; lateral accessory acicular spines on segment 9; lateroventral acicular spines on segments 6–8; lateroventral tubes on segments 2 and 5; midlateral tubes on segment 10; and type-2 gland cell outlets in laterodorsal position on segments 2 and 5, and subdorsal position on segments 8 and 9. Echinoderes uozumii sp. nov. is characterized by the presence of middorsal acicular spines on segments 4 and 6; lateroventral acicular spines on segments 6–9; lateroventral tubes on segments 2 and 5; sublateral tubes on segment 8; laterodorsal tubes on segment 10; type-2 gland cell outlets in subdorsal and lateral accessory position on segment 2; and blunt, short pectinate fringe teeth of primary pectinate fringe on segment 1. In addition, the Echinoderes multiporus species group including E. kajiharai sp. nov., and the Echinoderes bispinosus species group including E. uozumii sp. nov. are established. Furthermore, the distribution of the two species groups and the origin of Echinoderes species in Daidokutsu are discussed.

Keywords

Meiofaunamud dragonRyukyu IslandsScalidophorastygofaunataxonomy
Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom , Volume 100 , Issue 4 , June 2020 , pp. 537 - 558
Copyright
Copyright © Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 2020

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