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45 - HCMV: persistence in the population: potential transplacental transmission

from Part III - Pathogenesis, clinical disease, host response, and epidemiology: HCMV

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  24 December 2009

By
Lenore Pereira ,
Ekaterina Maidji ,
Susan J. Fisher ,
Susan McDonagh  and
Takako Tabata
Edited by
Ann Arvin ,
Gabriella Campadelli-Fiume ,
Edward Mocarski ,
Patrick S. Moore ,
Bernard Roizman ,
Richard Whitley  and
Koichi Yamanishi
Lenore Pereira
Affiliation:
Departments of Cell and Tissue Biology, Anatomy, Pharmaceutical Chemistry, and the Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, and the Oral Biology Graduate Program, University of California San Francisco, CA, USA
Ekaterina Maidji
Affiliation:
Departments of Cell and Tissue Biology, Anatomy, Pharmaceutical Chemistry, and the Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, and the Oral Biology Graduate Program, University of California San Francisco, CA, USA
Susan J. Fisher
Affiliation:
Departments of Cell and Tissue Biology, Anatomy, Pharmaceutical Chemistry, and the Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, and the Oral Biology Graduate Program, University of California San Francisco, CA, USA
Susan McDonagh
Affiliation:
Departments of Cell and Tissue Biology, Anatomy, Pharmaceutical Chemistry, and the Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, and the Oral Biology Graduate Program, University of California San Francisco, CA, USA
Takako Tabata
Affiliation:
Departments of Cell and Tissue Biology, Anatomy, Pharmaceutical Chemistry, and the Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, and the Oral Biology Graduate Program, University of California San Francisco, CA, USA
Ann Arvin
Affiliation:
Stanford University, California
Gabriella Campadelli-Fiume
Affiliation:
Università degli Studi, Bologna, Italy
Edward Mocarski
Affiliation:
Emory University, Atlanta
Patrick S. Moore
Affiliation:
University of Pittsburgh
Bernard Roizman
Affiliation:
University of Chicago
Richard Whitley
Affiliation:
University of Alabama, Birmingham
Koichi Yamanishi
Affiliation:
University of Osaka, Japan
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Summary

Congenital cytomegalovirus infection and the placenta

Congenital CMV infection

Human cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a ubiquitous virus that causes asymptomatic infections in healthy individuals (for review see Pass, 2001). Because breast feeding (Stagno et al., 1980), exposure to young children (Pass et al., 1987) and sexual contact (Fowler and Pass, 1991) are major risk factors for infection, most adults are seropositive. Diverse organs and specialized cells, including polarized epithelial cells (Tugizov et al., 1996) and endothelial cells (Fish et al., 1998; Maidji et al., 2002), are susceptible to CMV infection. CMV establishes latent infection in granulocyte-macrophage progenitors (Kondo et al., 1996) and reactivates upon cellular differentiation (Hahn et al., 1998; Soderberg-Naucler et al., 1997). Congenital CMV infection is estimated to affect 1 to 3% of infants in the United States annually and remains an important public health problem causing significant morbidity and mortality (for review see Britt, 1999).

It has long been appreciated that maternal neutralizing antibodies reduce the risk of symptomatic congenital disease in the fetus (Ahlfors et al., 1984; Boppana and Britt, 1995; Fowler et al., 2003; Stagno et al., 1982). The importance of adaptive immunity to CMV is apparent in women with primary infection, often with low-avidity neutralizing antibodies (Boppana and Britt, 1995; Lazzarotto et al., 1998; Revello et al., 2002). Approximately 15% of these women spontaneously abort in early gestation (Griffiths and Baboonian, 1984).

Type
Chapter
Information
Human Herpesviruses
Biology, Therapy, and Immunoprophylaxis
 , pp. 814 - 830
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2007

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  • HCMV: persistence in the population: potential transplacental transmission
    • By Lenore Pereira, Departments of Cell and Tissue Biology, Anatomy, Pharmaceutical Chemistry, and the Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, and the Oral Biology Graduate Program, University of California San Francisco, CA, USA, Ekaterina Maidji, Departments of Cell and Tissue Biology, Anatomy, Pharmaceutical Chemistry, and the Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, and the Oral Biology Graduate Program, University of California San Francisco, CA, USA, Susan J. Fisher, Departments of Cell and Tissue Biology, Anatomy, Pharmaceutical Chemistry, and the Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, and the Oral Biology Graduate Program, University of California San Francisco, CA, USA, Susan McDonagh, Departments of Cell and Tissue Biology, Anatomy, Pharmaceutical Chemistry, and the Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, and the Oral Biology Graduate Program, University of California San Francisco, CA, USA, Takako Tabata, Departments of Cell and Tissue Biology, Anatomy, Pharmaceutical Chemistry, and the Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, and the Oral Biology Graduate Program, University of California San Francisco, CA, USA
  • Edited by Ann Arvin, Stanford University, California, Gabriella Campadelli-Fiume, Università degli Studi, Bologna, Italy, Edward Mocarski, Emory University, Atlanta, Patrick S. Moore, University of Pittsburgh, Bernard Roizman, University of Chicago, Richard Whitley, University of Alabama, Birmingham, Koichi Yamanishi, University of Osaka, Japan
  • Book: Human Herpesviruses
  • Online publication: 24 December 2009
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511545313.046
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  • HCMV: persistence in the population: potential transplacental transmission
    • By Lenore Pereira, Departments of Cell and Tissue Biology, Anatomy, Pharmaceutical Chemistry, and the Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, and the Oral Biology Graduate Program, University of California San Francisco, CA, USA, Ekaterina Maidji, Departments of Cell and Tissue Biology, Anatomy, Pharmaceutical Chemistry, and the Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, and the Oral Biology Graduate Program, University of California San Francisco, CA, USA, Susan J. Fisher, Departments of Cell and Tissue Biology, Anatomy, Pharmaceutical Chemistry, and the Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, and the Oral Biology Graduate Program, University of California San Francisco, CA, USA, Susan McDonagh, Departments of Cell and Tissue Biology, Anatomy, Pharmaceutical Chemistry, and the Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, and the Oral Biology Graduate Program, University of California San Francisco, CA, USA, Takako Tabata, Departments of Cell and Tissue Biology, Anatomy, Pharmaceutical Chemistry, and the Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, and the Oral Biology Graduate Program, University of California San Francisco, CA, USA
  • Edited by Ann Arvin, Stanford University, California, Gabriella Campadelli-Fiume, Università degli Studi, Bologna, Italy, Edward Mocarski, Emory University, Atlanta, Patrick S. Moore, University of Pittsburgh, Bernard Roizman, University of Chicago, Richard Whitley, University of Alabama, Birmingham, Koichi Yamanishi, University of Osaka, Japan
  • Book: Human Herpesviruses
  • Online publication: 24 December 2009
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511545313.046
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  • HCMV: persistence in the population: potential transplacental transmission
    • By Lenore Pereira, Departments of Cell and Tissue Biology, Anatomy, Pharmaceutical Chemistry, and the Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, and the Oral Biology Graduate Program, University of California San Francisco, CA, USA, Ekaterina Maidji, Departments of Cell and Tissue Biology, Anatomy, Pharmaceutical Chemistry, and the Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, and the Oral Biology Graduate Program, University of California San Francisco, CA, USA, Susan J. Fisher, Departments of Cell and Tissue Biology, Anatomy, Pharmaceutical Chemistry, and the Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, and the Oral Biology Graduate Program, University of California San Francisco, CA, USA, Susan McDonagh, Departments of Cell and Tissue Biology, Anatomy, Pharmaceutical Chemistry, and the Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, and the Oral Biology Graduate Program, University of California San Francisco, CA, USA, Takako Tabata, Departments of Cell and Tissue Biology, Anatomy, Pharmaceutical Chemistry, and the Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, and the Oral Biology Graduate Program, University of California San Francisco, CA, USA
  • Edited by Ann Arvin, Stanford University, California, Gabriella Campadelli-Fiume, Università degli Studi, Bologna, Italy, Edward Mocarski, Emory University, Atlanta, Patrick S. Moore, University of Pittsburgh, Bernard Roizman, University of Chicago, Richard Whitley, University of Alabama, Birmingham, Koichi Yamanishi, University of Osaka, Japan
  • Book: Human Herpesviruses
  • Online publication: 24 December 2009
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511545313.046
Available formats
×