Skip to main content Accessibility help

We use cookies to distinguish you from other users and to provide you with a better experience on our websites. Close this message to accept cookies or find out how to manage your cookie settings.

Close cookie message
×
Hostname: page-component-76fb5796d-skm99 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-28T00:37:25.264Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Section 7 - Urethra and Non-transitional Tumors of the Bladder

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 February 2019

Edited by
Maria Rosaria Raspollini  and
Antonio Lopez-Beltran
Maria Rosaria Raspollini
Affiliation:
University Hospital Careggi, Florence
Antonio Lopez-Beltran
Affiliation:
Cordoba University Medical School
Get access
Type
Chapter
Information
Gynecologic and Urologic Pathology
Similarities, Differences and Challenges
 , pp. 283 - 330
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2019

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

References

Gonzales, M.O., Harrison, M.L., Boileau, M.A.. Carcinoma in diverticulum of female urethra. Urology 1985; 26: 328–332.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Williamson, S.R., Scarpelli, M., Lopez-Beltran, A., et al. Urethral caruncle: a lesion related to IgG4-associated sclerosing disease? J Clin Pathol 2013; 66: 559–562.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Halat, S., Eble, J.N., Grignon, D.J., et al. Ectopic prostatic tissue: histogenesis and histopathological characteristics. Histopathology 2011; 58: 750–758.Google Scholar
Lou, E.S., Newman, H., Levitt, S.B.. Prolapsing urethral polyps in child with hipospadias. Urology 1977; 9: 423–424.Google Scholar
Miroglu, C., Ozdiler, E.. Congenital urethral polyps in an adult. Br J Urol 1988; 61: 531–532.Google Scholar
Tsuzuki, T., Epstein, J.I.. Fibroepithelial polyp of the lower urinary tract in adults. Am J Surg Pathol 2005; 29: 460–466.Google Scholar
Cina, S.J., Silveberman, M.A., Kabane, H., et al. Diagnosis of Cowper’s glands on prostate needle biopsy. Am J Surg Pathol 1997; 21: 550–555.Google Scholar
Paner, G.P., Luthringer, D.J., Amin, M.B.. Best practice in diagnostic immunohistochemistry: prostate carcinoma and its mimics in needle core biopsies. Arch Pathol Lab Med 2008; 132: 1388–1396.Google Scholar
Del Mistro, A., Braunstein, J.D., Halwer, M., Koss, L.G.. Identification of human papillomavirus types in male urethral condyloma acuminata by in situ hybridization. Hum Pathol 1987; 18: 936–940.Google Scholar
Raspollini, M.R., Nicita, G., Mikuz, G.. Polypoid intestinal metaplasia of the external urethral meatus. Int J Surg Pathol 2012; 20: 640–642.Google Scholar
Chen, Y.B., Epstein, J.I.. Primary carcinoid tumors of the urinary bladder and prostatic urethra: a clinicopathologic study of 6 cases. Am J Surg Pathol 2011; 35(3): 442–446.Google Scholar
Cheng, L., Leibovich, B.C., Cheville, C., et al. Squamous papilloma of the urinary tract is unrelated to condyloma acuminata. Cancer 2000; 88: 1679–1686.Google Scholar
Fine, S.W., Chan, T.Y., Epstein, J.I.. Inverted papilloma of the prostatic urethra. Am J Surg Pathol 2006; 30: 975–979.Google Scholar
Wiener, J.S., Walther, P.J.. A high association of oncogenic human papilloma virus with carcinoma of the female urethra: polymerase chain reaction-based analysis of multiple histological types. J Urol 1994; 151: 49–53.Google Scholar
Meis, J.M., Ayala, A.G., Johnson, D.E.. Adenocarcinoma of the urethra in women: a clinicopathologic study. Cancer 1987; 60: 1038–1052.Google Scholar
Huffman, J.W.. The detailed anatomy of the paraurethral ducts in the adult human female. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1948; 55: 86–101.Google Scholar
Schiller, W.. Mesonephroma ovarii. Am J Cancer 1939; 35: 1–21.Google Scholar
Rivard, D.J., Waisman, S.S.. Primary mesonephric carcinoma of the female urethra. J Urol 1985; 134: 756–757.Google Scholar
Schnoy, N., Leistenschneider, W.. Tumor of mesonephric origin in a diverticulum of the urethra: an ultrastructural study. Virchows Arch (A) 1982; 397: 335–345.Google Scholar
Ingram, E.A., DePauw, P.. Adenocarcinoma of the male urethra wih associated nephrogenic metaplasia: case report and review of the literature. Cancer 1985; 55: 160–164.Google Scholar
Tanabe, E.T., Mazur, M.T., Schaeffer, A.J.. Clear cell adenocarcinoma of the female urethra: clinical and ultrastructural study suggesting a unique neoplasm. Cancer 1982; 49: 372–378.Google Scholar
Drew, P.A., Murphy, W.M., Civantos, F., Speights, V.O.. The histogenesis of clear cell adenocarcinoma of the lower urinary tract: series of cases and review of the literature. Hum Pathol 1996; 27: 248–252.Google Scholar
Oliva, E., Amin, M.B., Jimenez, R., Young, R.H.. Clear cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder: a report and comparison of four tumors of Mullerian origin and nine of probable urothelial origin with discussion of histogenesis and diagnostic problems. Am J Surg Pathol 2002; 26: 190–197.Google Scholar
Young, R.H., Eble, J.N.. Unusual forms of carcinoma of the urinary bladder. Hum Pathol 1991; 22: 948–965.Google Scholar
Drew, P.A., Murphy, W.M., Civantos, F., Speights, V.O.. The histogenesis of clear cell adenocarcinoma of the lower urinary tract: series of cases and review of the literature. Hum Pathol 1996; 27: 248–252.Google Scholar
Hinchey, W.W., Silva, E.G., Guarda, L.A., Ordonez, N.G., Wharton, J.T.. Paravaginal wolffian duct (mesonephros) adenocarcinoma: a light and electron microscopy study. Am J Clin Pathol 1983: 80: 539–544.Google Scholar
Clement, P.B., Young, R.H., Keh, P., Ostor, A.G., Scully, R.E.. Malignant mesonephric neoplasm of the uterine cervix: a report of eight cases, including four with a malignant spindle cell component. Am J Surg Pathol 1995; 19: 1158–1171.Google Scholar
Silver, S.A., Devouassoux-Shisheboran, M., Mezzetti, T.P., Tavassoli, F.A.. Mesonephric adenocarcinomas of the uterine cervix: a study of 11 cases with immunohistochemical findings. Am J Surg Pathol 2001; 25: 379–387.Google Scholar
Waggoner, S.E., Mittendorf, R., Biney, N., Anderson, D., Herbst, A.L.. Influence of in utero diethylstilbestrol exposure on the prognosis and biologic behaviour of vaginal clear-cell adenocarcinoma. Gynecol Oncol 1994; 55: 238–244.Google Scholar
Herbst, A.L.. Behaviour of estrogen-associated female genital tract cancer and its relation to neoplasia following intrauterine exposure to diethylstlbestrol (DES). Gynecol Oncol 2000; 76: 147–156.Google Scholar
Kaminski, P.F., Maier, R.C.. Clear cell adenocarcinoma of the cervix unrelated to diethylstilbestrol exposure. Obstet Gynecol 1983; 62: 720–727.Google Scholar
Herbst, A.L., Kurman, R.J., Scullt, R.E., Poskanzer, D.C.. Clear-cell adenocarcinoma of the genital tract in young females: registry report. N Engl J Med 1972; 287: 1259–1264.Google Scholar
Harari, S.E., Cheng, L., Osunkova, A.O.. Primary mucinous adenocarcinoma of the female urethra: a contemporary clinicopathologic analysis. Hum Pathol 2016; 47: 132–137.Google Scholar
Murphy, D.P., Pantuck, A.J., Amenta, P.S., et al. Female urethral adenocarcinoma: immunohistochemical evidence of more than 1 tissue of origin. J Urol 1999; 161: 1881–1888.Google Scholar
Chan, Y.M., Cheng, D.K.L., Cheung, A.N.-Y., et al. Female urethral adenocarcinoma arising from urethritis glandularis. Gynecol Oncol 2000; 79: 511–514.Google Scholar
Korytko, T.P., Lowe, G.J., Jimenez, R.E., et al. Prostate-specific antigen response after definitive radiotherapy for Skene’s gland adenocarcinoma resembling prostate adenocarcinoma. Urol Oncol 2012; 30: 602–606.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Dodson, M.K., Cliby, W.A., Keeney, G.L., et al. Skene’s gland adenocarcinomas with increase serum level of prostate-specific antigen. Gynecol Oncol 1994; 55: 304–307.Google Scholar
Zaviacic, M., Ablin, R.J.. The female prostate and prostate-specific antigen: immunohistochemical localization implications of this prostate marker in women and reason for using the term “prostate” in the human female. Histol Histopathol 2000; 15: 131–142.Google Scholar
Pongtippan, A., Malpica, A., Levenback, C., et al. Skene’s gland adenocarcinoma resembling prostatic adenocarcinoma. Int J Gynecol Pathol 2003; 23: 71–74.Google Scholar
Kim, C.J., Pak, K., Hamaguchi, A., et al. Primary malignant melanoma of the female urethra. Cancer 1993; 71: 448–451.Google Scholar
Nakamoto, T., Inoue, Y., Ueki, T., et al. Primary amelanotic malignant melanoma of the female urethra. Int J Urol 2007; 14: 153–155.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Steinhardt, G., Perlmutter, A.. Urethral hemangioma. J Urol 1987; 137: 116–117.Google Scholar
Cornelia, J.L., Larson, T.R., Lee, R.A., et al. Leiomyoma of the female urethra and bladder: report of twenty-three patients and review of the literature. J Obstet Gynecol 1997; 176: 1278–1285.Google Scholar
Schwartz, L.E., Khani, F., Bishop, J.A., Vang, R., Epstein, J.I.. Carcinoma of the uterine cervix involving the genitourinary tract: a potential diagnostic dilemma. Am J Surg Pathol 2016; 40: 27–35.Google Scholar
Hopkins, S.C., Nag, S.K., Soloways, M.S.. Primary carcinoma of the male urethra. Urology 1984; 23: 128–133.Google Scholar
Wiener, J.S., Walther, P.J.. A high association of oncogenic human papilloma virus with carcinoma of the female urethra: polymerase chain reaction-based analysis of multiple histological types. J Urol 1994; 151: 49–53.Google Scholar
Tran, K.P., Epstein, J.I.. Mucinous adenocarcinoma of urinary bladder type arising from the prostatic urethra: distinction from mucinous adenocarcinoma of the prostate. Am J Surg Pathol 1996; 20: 1346–1350.Google Scholar
Epstein, J.I., Lieberman, P.H.. Mucinous adenocarcinoma of the prostate gland. Am J Surg Pathol 1985; 9: 299–308.Google Scholar
Amin, M.B., Young, R.H.. Primary carcinoma of the urethra. Semin Diagn Pathol 1997; 14: 147–160.Google Scholar
Raspollini, M.R., Carini, M., Montironi, R., Cheng, L., Lopez-Beltran, A.. Mucinous adenocarcinoma of the male urethra: two cases’ report and literature review. Anal Quant Cytopathol Histopathol 2015; 37: 267–272.Google Scholar
Cantrell, B.B., Leifer, G., DeKlerk, D.P., Eggleston, J.C.. Papillary adenocarcinoma of the prostatic urethra with clear-cell appearance. Cancer 1981; 48: 2661–2667.Google Scholar
Oliva, E., Young, R.H.. Clear cell adenocarcinoma of the urethra: a clinicopathologic analysis of 19 cases. Mod Pathol 1996; 9: 513–520.Google Scholar
Davis, C.. Case for diagnosis. Milit Med 1980; 145: 242–258.Google Scholar
Ingram, E.A., DePauw, P.. Adenocarcinoma of the male urethra with associated nephrogenic metaplasia: case report and review of the literature. Cancer 1985; 55: 160–164.Google Scholar
Oliva, E., Young, R.H.. Nephrogenic adenoma of the urinary tract: a review on the microscopic appearance of 80 cases with emphasis on unusual features. Mod Pathol 1995; 8: 722–730.Google Scholar

References

Batt, R.E., Smith, R.A., Buck Louis, G.M., et al. Müllerianosis. Histol Histopathol 2007; 22: 1161–1166.Google Scholar
Ober, W.B.. Selected items from the history of pathology: Eugen Albrect, MD (1872–1908): hamartoma and choristoma. Am J Pathol 1978; 91: 606.Google Scholar
Lauchlan, S.C.. The secondary mullerian system. Obstet Gynecol Surv 1972; 27: 133–146.Google Scholar
Batt, R.E., Yeh, J.. Müllerianosis: four developmental (embryonic) mullerian diseases. Reprod Sci 2013; 20: 1030–1037.Google Scholar
Denes, F.T., Pompeo, A.C., Montelatto, N.D., et al. Ureteral endometriosis. Int Urol Nephrol 1980; 12: 205.Google Scholar
Abeshouse, B.S., Abeshouse, G.. Endometriosis of the urinary tract. J Int Coll Surg 1960; 34: 43–63.Google Scholar
Donnez, J., Spada, F., Squifflet, J., Nisolle, M.. Bladder endometriosis must be considered as bladder adenomyosis. Fertil Steril 2000; 74: 1175–1181.Google Scholar
Judd, E.S.. Adenomyomata presenting as a tumor of the bladder. Surg Clin North Am 1921; 1: 1271–1278.Google Scholar
Fianu, S., Ingelman-Sundberg, A., Nasiell, K., et al. Surgical treatment of post abortum endometriosis of the bladder and postoperative bladder function. Scand J Urol Nephrol 1980; 14: 151–155.Google Scholar
Koninckx, P.R., Meuleman, C., Demeyere, S., et al. Suggestive evidence that pelvic endometriosis is a progressive disease, whereas deeply infiltrating endometriosis is associated with pelvic pain. Fertil Steril 1991; 55: 759–765.Google Scholar
Vercellini, P., Aimi, G., Panazza, S., et al. Deep endometriosis conundrum: evidence in favor of a peritoneal origin. Fertil Steril 2000; 73: 1043–1046.Google Scholar
Fedele, L., Piazzola, E., Raffaelli, R., et al. Bladder endometriosis: deep infiltrating endometriosis or adenomyosis? Fertil Steril 1998; 69: 972–975.Google Scholar
Chapron, C., Boucher, E., Fauconnier, A., et al. Anatomopathological lesions of bladder endometriosis are heterogeneous. Fertil Steril 2002; 78: 740–742.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Pinkert, T.C., Catlow, C.E., Straus, R.. Endometriosis of the urinary bladder in a man with prostatic carcinoma. Cancer 1979; 43: 1562–1567.Google Scholar
Schrodt, G.R., Alcorn, M.O., Ibanez, J.. Endometriosis of the male urinary system: a case report. J Urol 1980; 124: 722–723.Google Scholar
Al-Khawaja, M., Tan, P.H., MacLennan, G.T., et al. Ureteral endometriosis: clinicopathological and immunohistochemical study of 7 cases. Hum Pathol 2008; 39: 954–959.Google Scholar
Dominici, A., Agostini, S., Sarti, E., et al. Uretral endometriosis: an unusual case of a pelvic mass arising in the ureter and involving the rectum and the uterine cervix. Arch Ital Urol Androl 2004; 76: 91–93.Google Scholar
Stern, R.C., Dash, R., Bentley, R.C., et al. Malignancy in endometriosis: frequency and comparison of ovarian and extraovarian types. Int J Gynecol Pathol 2001; 20: 133–139.Google Scholar
Garavan, F., Grainger, R., Jeffer, M., et al. Endometrioid carcinoma of the urinary bladder complicating vesical mullerianosis: a case report and review of the literature. Virchows Arch 2004; 444: 587–589.Google Scholar
Nezhat, C.H., Malik, S., Osias, J., et al. Laparoscopic management of 15 patients with infiltrating endometriosis of the bladder and a case of primary intravesical endometrioid adenosarcoma. Fertil Steril 2002; 78: 872–875.Google Scholar
Tarumi, Y., Mori, T., Kusumi, I., et al. Endometrioid adenocarcinoma arising from deep infiltrating endometriosis involving the bladder: a case report and review of the literature. Gynecol Oncol Rep 2015; 13: 68–70.Google Scholar
Salerno, M.G., Masciullo, V., Naldini, A., et al. Endometrioid adenocarcinoma with squamous differentiation arising from ureteral endometriosis in a patient with no history of gonadal endometriosis. Gynecol Oncol 2005; 99: 749–752.Google Scholar
Edmonson, J.D., Vogeley, K.J., Howell, J.D., et al. Endosalpingiosis of bladder. J Urol 2002; 167: 1401–1402.Google Scholar
Manirar, K.P., Kalir, T.L., Palese, M.A., et al. Endosalpingiosis of the urinary bladder: a case of probable implantive origin with characterization of benign fallopian tube immunohistochemistry. Int J Surg Pathol 2010; 18: 381–383.Google Scholar
Clement, P.B., Young, R.H.. Endocervicosis of the urinary bladder: a report of six cases of a benign mullerian lesion that may mimic adenocarcinoma. Am J Surg Pathol 1992; 16: 533–542.Google Scholar
Young, R.H., Clement, P.B.. Mullerianosis of the urinary bladder. Mod Pathol 1996; 9: 731–737.Google Scholar
Donne, C., Vidal, M., Buttin, X., et al. Mullerianosis of the urinary bladder: clinical and immunohistochemical findings. Histopathology 1998; 33: 284–292.Google Scholar
Koren, J., Mensikova, J., Mukensnabl, P., et al. Mullerianosis of the urinary bladder: report of a case with suggested metaplastic orign. Virchows Arch 2006; 449: 268–271.Google Scholar
Vella, J.E.O., Nair, N., Ferryman, S.R., et al. Mullerianosis of the urinary bladder. Int J Surg Pathol 2011; 19: 548–551.Google Scholar
Alswayyed, M., Finlay, M.J.. Clear cell adenocarcinoma of the urinary bladder arising from endosalpingiosis: a case report and review of the literature. Int J Clin Exp Pathol 2016; 9: 2650–2651.Google Scholar
McCoubrey, A., Houghton, O., McCallion, K., et al. Serous adenocarcinoma of the sigmoid mesentery arising in cystic endosalpingiosis. J Clin Pathol 2005; 58: 1221–1223.Google Scholar
Djordjevic, B., Malpica, A.. Ovarian serous tumors of low malignant potential with nodal low-grade serous carcinoma. Am J Surg Pathol 2012; 36: 955–963.Google Scholar

References

Moch, H., Humphrey, P.A., Ulbright, T.M., Reuter, V.E.. WHO Classification of Tumours of the Urinary System and Male Genital Organ, 4th edn. Lyon: IARC Press; 2016.Google Scholar
Collado, A., Algaba, F., Caparros, J., et al. Clear cell adenocarcinoma in a female urethral diverticulum. Scand J Urol Nephrol 2000; 34: 136–138.Google Scholar
Kongkarnka, S., Kitirattakarn, P., Katayama, H., Khunamornpong, S.. Clear cell adenocarcinoma of the renal pelvis in a male patient. Case Rep Pathol 2013; 2013: 1–4.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Terada, T.. Clear cell adenocarcinoma of ureter: a case report with immunohistochemical study. Hum Pathol: Case Rep 2016; 3: 32–36.Google Scholar
Yamashita, R., Yamaguchi, R., Yuen, K., Niwakawa, M., Tobisu, K.. Primary clear cell carcinoma of the ureter: a case report. Nihon Hinyokika Gakkai Zasshi 2006; 97: 607–609.Google Scholar
Adeniran, A.J., Tamboli, P.. Clear cell adenocarcinoma of the urinary bladder: a short review. Arch Pathol Lab Med 2009; 133: 987–991.Google Scholar
Kurosaka, S., Irie, A., Mizoguchi, H., et al. Advanced clear-cell adenocarcinoma of the bladder successfully treated by radical surgery with adjuvant chemoradiotherapy. Int J Clin Oncol 2005; 10: 362–365.Google Scholar
Moinzadeh, A., Latini, J., Hamawy, K.J.. Clear cell adenocarcinoma of the urinary bladder within a diverticulum. Urology 2003; 62: 145.Google Scholar
del Carmen, M.G., Birrer, M., Schorge, J.O.. Clear cell carcinoma of the ovary: a review of the literature. Gynecol Oncol 2012; 126: 481–490.Google Scholar
Cheng, L., Lopez-Beltran, A., Bostwick, D.G.. Bladder Pathology. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley-Blackwell; 2012.Google Scholar
Behbakht, K., Randall, T.C., Benjamin, I., et al. Clinical characteristics of clear cell carcinoma of the ovary. Gynecol Oncol 1998; 70: 255–258.Google Scholar
Abu Saadeh, F., Norris, L., O’Toole, S., Gleeson, N.. Venous thromboembolism in ovarian cancer: incidence, risk factors and impact on survival. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2013; 170: 214–218.Google Scholar
Savvari, P., Peitsidis, P., Alevizaki, M., et al. Paraneoplastic humorally mediated hypercalcemia induced by parathyroid hormone-related protein in gynecologic malignancies: a systematic review. Onkologie 2009; 32: 517–523.Google Scholar
Ogawa, S., Kaku, T., Amada, S., et al. Ovarian endometriosis associated with ovarian carcinoma: a clinicopathological and immunohistochemical study. Gynecol Oncol 2000; 77: 298–304.Google Scholar
Kobayashi, H., Sumimoto, K., Kitanaka, T., et al. Ovarian endometrioma: risks factors of ovarian cancer development. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2008; 138: 187–193.Google Scholar
Kumar, A., Gilks, C.B., Mar, C., Santos, J., Tinker, A.V.. Patterns of spread of clear cell ovarian cancer: case report and case series. Gynecol Oncol Case Rep 2013; 6: 25–27.Google Scholar
Tan, D.S., Kaye, S.. Ovarian clear cell adenocarcinoma: a continuing enigma. J Clin Pathol 2007; 60: 355–360.Google Scholar
Sung, M.T., Zhang, S., MacLennan, G.T., et al. Histogenesis of clear cell adenocarcinoma in the urinary tract: evidence of urothelial origin. Clin Cancer Res 2008; 14: 1947–1955.Google Scholar
Liu, H., Leng, J., Lang, J., Cui, Q.. Clear cell carcinoma arising from abdominal wall endometriosis: a unique case with bladder and lymph node metastasis. World J Surg Oncol 2014; 12: 51.Google Scholar
Tarumi, Y., Mori, T., Kusuki, I., Ito, F., Kitawaki, J.. Endometrioid adenocarcinoma arising from deep infiltrating endometriosis involving the bladder: a case report and review of the literature. Gynecol Oncol Rep 2015; 13: 68–70.Google Scholar
Herawi, M., Drew, P.A., Pan, C.C., Epstein, J.I.. Clear cell adenocarcinoma of the bladder and urethra: cases diffusely mimicking nephrogenic adenoma. Hum Pathol 2010; 41: 594–601.Google Scholar
Brimo, F., Herawi, M., Sharma, R., et al. Hepatocyte nuclear factor-1beta expression in clear cell adenocarcinomas of the bladder and urethra: diagnostic utility and implications for histogenesis. Hum Pathol 2011; 42: 1613–1619.Google Scholar
Capobianco, G., Marras, V., Battista Meloni, G., et al. Immunohistochemical evaluation of a new epithelial antigen, BER-EP4 in ovarian cancer: a propos of 62 cases. Eur J Gynaecol Oncol 2012; 33: 90–92.Google Scholar
Ellis, C.L., Chang, A.G., Cimino-Mathews, A., et al. GATA-3 immunohistochemistry in the differential diagnosis of adenocarcinoma of the urinary bladder. Am J Surg Pathol 2013; 37: 1756–1760.Google Scholar
Paner, G.P., Annaiah, C., Gulmann, C., et al. Immunohistochemical evaluation of novel and traditional markers associated with urothelial differentiation in a spectrum of variants of urothelial carcinoma of the urinary bladder. Hum Pathol 2014; 45: 1473–1482.Google Scholar
Laury, A.R., Perets, R., Piao, H., et al. A comprehensive analysis of PAX8 expression in human epithelial tumors. Am J Surg Pathol 2011; 35: 816–826.Google Scholar
Mentrikoski, M.J., Wendroth, S.M., Wick, M.R.. Immunohistochemical distinction of renal cell carcinoma from other carcinomas with clear-cell histomorphology: utility of CD10 and CA-125 in addition to PAX-2, PAX-8, RCCma, and adipophilin. Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol 2014; 22: 635–641.Google Scholar
Alswayyed, M., Finlay, M.J.. Clear cell adenocarcinoma of the urinary bladder arising from endosalpingiosis: a case report and review of the literature. Int J Clin Exp Pathol 2016; 9: 2650–2651.Google Scholar
Miller, E.M., Sun, Y., Richardson, I., Frimer, M.. Vesical clear cell adenocarcinoma arising from endometriosis: a müllerian tumor, indistinguishable from ovarian clear cell adenocarcinoma. Gynecol Oncol Rep 2016; 18: 8–10.Google Scholar
Oliva, E., Amin, M.B., Jimenez, R., Young, R.H.. Clear cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder: a report and comparison of four tumors of müllerian origin and nine of probable urothelial origin with discussion of histogenesis and diagnostic problems. Am J Surg Pathol 2002; 26: 190–197.Google Scholar

References

Paner, G.P., Lopez-Beltran, A., Sirohi, D., Amin, M.B.. Updates in the pathologic diagnosis and classification of epithelial neoplasms of urachal origin. Adv Anat Pathol 2016; 23(2): 71–83.Google Scholar
Amin, M.B., Smith, S.C., Eble, J.N., et al. Glandular neoplasms of the urachus: a report of 55 cases emphasizing mucinous cystic tumors with proposed classification. Am J Surg Pathol 2014; 38(8): 1033–1045.Google Scholar
Bruins, H.M., Visser, O., Ploeg, M., et al. The clinical epidemiology of urachal carcinoma: results of a large, population based study. J Urol 2012; 188(4): 1102–1107.Google Scholar
Herr, H.W., Bochner, B.H., Sharp, D., Dalbagni, G., Reuter, V.E.. Urachal carcinoma: contemporary surgical outcomes. J Urol 2007; 178(1): 74–78; discussion 78.Google Scholar
Gopalan, A., Sharp, D.S., Fine, S.W., et al. Urachal carcinoma: a clinicopathologic analysis of 24 cases with outcome correlation. Am J Surg Pathol 2009; 33(5): 659–668.Google Scholar
Dhillon, J., Liang, Y., Kamat, A.M., et al. Urachal carcinoma: a pathologic and clinical study of 46 cases. Hum Pathol 2015; 46(12): 1808–1814.Google Scholar
Ashley, R.A., Inman, B.A., Sebo, T.J., et al. Urachal carcinoma: clinicopathologic features and long-term outcomes of an aggressive malignancy. Cancer 2006; 107(4): 712–720.Google Scholar
Molina, J.R., Quevedo, J.F., Furth, A.F., et al. Predictors of survival from urachal cancer: a Mayo Clinic study of 49 cases. Cancer 2007; 110(11): 2434–2440.Google Scholar
Paner, G.P., Barkan, G.A., Mehta, V., et al. Urachal carcinomas of the nonglandular type: salient features and considerations in pathologic diagnosis. Am J Surg Pathol 2012; 36(3): 432–442.Google Scholar
Moch, H., Humphrey, P.A., Ulbright, T.M., Reuter, V.E., editors, WHO Classification of Tumours of the Urinary System and Male Genital Organs. Lyon: WHO Press; 2016.Google Scholar
Ledermann, J.A., Luvero, D., Shafer, A., et al. Gynecologic Cancer InterGroup (GCIG) consensus review for mucinous ovarian carcinoma. Int J Gynecol Cancer 2014; 24(9 Suppl 3): S14–S19.Google Scholar
Brown, J., Frumovitz, M.. Mucinous tumors of the ovary: current thoughts on diagnosis and management. Curr Oncol Rep 2014; 16(6): 389.Google Scholar
Rouzbahman, M., Chetty, R.. Mucinous tumours of appendix and ovary: an overview and evaluation of current practice. J Clin Pathol 2014; 67(3): 193–197.Google Scholar
Kurman, R.J., Carcangiu, M.L., Herrington, C.S., Young, R.H., editors, WHO Classification of Tumours of Female Reproductive Organs. Lyon: WHO Press; 2014.Google Scholar
Young, R.H.. Urachal adenocarcinoma metastatic to the ovary simulating primary mucinous cystadenocarcinoma of the ovary: report of a case. Virchows Arch 1995; 426(5): 529–532.Google Scholar
Nozaki, T., Yasuda, K., Watanabe, A., Fuse, H.. Laparoscopic management of urachal mucinous borderline tumor associated with pseudomyxoma peritonei. Surg Laparosc Endosc Percutan Tech 2011; 21(3): e152–e155.Google Scholar
Martinez, A., Ferron, G., Mery, E., et al. Peritoneal pseudomyxoma arising from the urachus. Surg Oncol 2012; 21(1): 1–5.Google Scholar
Shinohara, T., Misawa, K., Sano, H., Okawa, Y., Takada, A.. Pseudomyxoma peritonei due to mucinous cystadenocarcinoma in situ of the urachus presenting as an inguinal hernia. Int J Clin Oncol 2006; 11(5): 416–419.Google Scholar
Loggie, B.W., Fleming, R.A., Hosseinian, A.A.. Peritoneal carcinomatosis with urachal signet-cell adenocarcinoma. Urology 1997; 50(3): 446–448.Google Scholar
Chiesa, A.G., Deavers, M.T., Veras, E., et al. Ovarian intestinal type mucinous borderline tumors: are we ready for a nomenclature change? Int J Gynecol Pathol 2010; 29(2): 108–112.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Frumovitz, M., Schmeler, K.M., Malpica, A., Sood, A.K., Gershenson, D.M.. Unmasking the complexities of mucinous ovarian carcinoma. Gynecol Oncol 2010; 117(3): 491–496.Google Scholar
Cobb, L.P., Gaillard, S., Wang, Y., Shih, I.M., Secord, A.A.. Adenocarcinoma of Müllerian origin: review of pathogenesis, molecular biology, and emerging treatment paradigms. Gynecol Oncol Res Pract 2015; 2: 1.Google Scholar
Vang, R., Gown, A.M., Zhao, C., et al. Ovarian mucinous tumors associated with mature cystic teratomas: morphologic and immunohistochemical analysis identifies a subset of potential teratomatous origin that shares features of lower gastrointestinal tract mucinous tumors more commonly encountered as secondary tumors in the ovary. Am J Surg Pathol 2007; 31(6): 854–869.Google Scholar
Kim, K.R., Choi, J., Hwang, J.E., et al. Endocervical-like (Müllerian) mucinous borderline tumours of the ovary are frequently associated with the KRAS mutation. Histopathology. 2010; 57(4): 587–596.Google Scholar
Sirintrapun, S.J., Ward, M., Woo, J., Cimic, A.. High-stage urachal adenocarcinoma can be associated with microsatellite instability and KRAS mutations. Hum Pathol 2014; 45(2): 327–330.Google Scholar
Hutchinson, L.P., Tomaszewicz, K., Mehta, K., Cosar, E.F.. KRAS is mutated in a subset of mucinous type urachal adenocarcinomas. Mod Pathol 2012; 25: 214A.Google Scholar
Lee, W.. Urachal adenocarcinoma metastatic to the ovaries resembling primary ovarian mucinous carcinoma: a case report with the immunohistochemical study. Int J Clin Exp Pathol 2010; 4(1): 118–123.Google Scholar
Ohira, S., Shiohara, S., Itoh, K., et al. Urachal adenocarcinoma metastatic to the ovaries: case report and literature review. Int J Gynecol Pathol 2003; 22(2): 189–193.Google Scholar
El-Ghobashy, A., Ohadike, C., Wilkinson, N., Lane, G., Campbell, J.D.. Recurrent urachal mucinous adenocarcinoma presenting as bilateral ovarian tumors on cesarean delivery. Int J Gynecol Cancer 2009; 19(9): 1539–1541.Google Scholar
Ozcan, A., Liles, N., Coffey, D., Shen, S.S., Truong, L.D.. PAX2 and PAX8 expression in primary and metastatic müllerian epithelial tumors: a comprehensive comparison. Am J Surg Pathol 2011; 35(12): 1837–1847.Google Scholar
Egevad, L., Hakansson, U., Grabe, M., Ehrnstrom, R.. Urachal signet-cell adenocarcinoma. Scand J Urol Nephrol 2009; 43(1): 88–91.Google Scholar
Kiyokawa, T., Young, R.H., Scully, R.E.. Krukenberg tumors of the ovary: a clinicopathologic analysis of 120 cases with emphasis on their variable pathologic manifestations. Am J Surg Pathol 2006; 30(3): 277–299.Google Scholar
Seibel, J.L., Prasad, S., Weiss, R.E., Bancila, E., Epstein, J.I.. Villous adenoma of the urinary tract: a lesion frequently associated with malignancy. Hum Pathol 2002;33(2): 236–241.Google Scholar
Cheng, L., Montironi, R., Bostwick, D.G.. Villous adenoma of the urinary tract: a report of 23 cases, including 8 with coexistent adenocarcinoma. Am J Surg Pathol 1999; 23(7): 764–771.Google Scholar
Eble, J.N., Hull, M.T., Rowland, R.G., Hostetter, M.. Villous adenoma of the urachus with mucusuria: a light and electron microscopic study. J Urol 1986; 135(6): 1240–1244.Google Scholar
Tzortzis, V., Ioannou, M., Melekos, M.D.. Villous adenoma of the urachus: a case with prostate specific antigen immunoreactivity. J Urol 2003; 170(4 Pt 1): 1302–1303.Google Scholar
Pinthus, J.H., Haddad, R., Trachtenberg, J., et al. Population based survival data on urachal tumors. J Urol 2006; 175(6): 2042–2047; discussion 2047.Google Scholar
Singh, H., Liu, Y., Xiao, X., et al. Whole exome sequencing of urachal adenocarcinoma reveals recurrent NF1 mutations. Oncotarget 2016; 7(20): 29211–29215.Google Scholar
Modos, O., Reis, H., Niedworok, C., et al. Mutations of KRAS, NRAS, BRAF, EGFR, and PIK3CA genes in urachal carcinoma: occurence and prognostic significance. Oncotarget 2016; 7(26): 39293–39301.Google Scholar
Collazo-Lorduy, A., Castillo-Martin, M., Wang, L., et al. Urachal carcinoma shares genomic alterations with colorectal carcinoma and may respond to epidermal growth factor inhibition. Eur Urol 2016; 70: 771–775.Google Scholar
Paner, G.P., McKenney, J.K., Barkan, G.A., et al. Immunohistochemical analysis in a morphologic spectrum of urachal epithelial neoplasms: diagnostic implications and pitfalls. Am J Surg Pathol 2011; 35(6): 787–798.Google Scholar
Lane, Z., Hansel, D.E., Epstein, J.I.. Immunohistochemical expression of prostatic antigens in adenocarcinoma and villous adenoma of the urinary bladder. Am J Surg Pathol 2008; 32(9): 1322–1326.Google Scholar
Sheldon, C.A., Clayman, R.V., Gonzalez, R., Williams, R.D., Fraley, E.E.. Malignant urachal lesions. J Urol 1984; 131(1): 1–8.Google Scholar
Rubin, J.P., Kasznica, J.M., Davis, C.A., 3rd, Carpinito, G.A., Hirsch, E.F.. Transitional cell carcinoma in a urachal cyst. J Urol 1999; 162(5): 1687–1688.Google Scholar
Pedersen, G.L., Dahl, C., Azawi, N.H.. Non-invasive, low-grade papillary urothelial carcinoma in the urachus. BMJ Case Rep 2013; doi: 10.1136/bcr-2013-200635.Google Scholar
Soni, H.C., Marda, S., Goswami, K.G., et al. Transitional cell carcinoma in urachal cyst. Abdom Imaging 2010; 35(6): 764–766.Google Scholar
Chow, Y.C., Lin, W.C., Tzen, C.Y., Chow, Y.K., Lo, K.Y.. Squamous cell carcinoma of the urachus. J Urol 2000; 163(3): 903–904.Google Scholar
Kuramoto, T., Kikkawa, K., Nishihata, M., et al. Squamous cell carcinoma of the urachus producing granulocyte colony-stimulating factor. Urology 2009; 73(2): 442.e5–442.e7.Google Scholar
Munichor, M., Szvalb, S., Cohen, H., Bitterman, W.. Mixed adenocarcinoma and neuroendocrine carcinoma arising in the urachus: a case report and review of the literature. Eur Urol 1995; 28(4): 345–347.Google Scholar
Abenoza, P., Manivel, C., Sibley, R.K.. Adenocarcinoma with neuroendocrine differentiation of the urinary bladder: clinicopathologic, immunohistochemical, and ultrastructural study. Arch Pathol Lab Med 1986; 110(11): 1062–1066.Google Scholar

Save book to Kindle

To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure coreplatform@cambridge.org is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

Available formats
×

Save book to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

Available formats
×