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Perspectives for the Historical Study of Rural Politics and the Colombian Case: An Overview
- Catherine C. LeGrand
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- Journal:
- Latin American Research Review / Volume 12 / Issue 1 / 1977
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 24 October 2022, pp. 7-36
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In the study of agrarian politics in general and the history of rural Colombia in particular, four broad, interrelated perspectives are relevant to the understanding of rural politics: peasants and rebellion, the interaction of local and national politics, patron-client relations, and regionalism. Principal issues and trends within each of these areas are explored here, and an effort is made to generate specific questions for historical investigation. The present state of research on rural history and politics in Colombia is also surveyed, and observations are advanced on how new research orientations originating in these perspectives may contribute to our understanding of social and political developments in Colombia in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries.
Foreword
- Kristin Norget, Catherine C. LeGrand
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- Journal:
- Latin American Research Review / Volume 49 / Issue S1 / 2014
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 05 September 2022, pp. 3-5
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When we as LARR associate editors learned of the proposal of Jeffrey Rubin, David Smilde, and Benjamin Junge for this special issue, we were eager to be involved. Representing the journal, we had the great pleasure to attend meetings in Boston in 2011 and 2012 of this important new research initiative, initially titled “Religion, Social Movements, and Progressive Reform in Latin America,” where we heard many stimulating papers from a diverse range of scholars working in Latin America and the United States. At each meeting the group of presenters was never the same, which made for much exciting cross-fertilization of thinking in efforts to work through these themes, with stimulating and lively discussions moving from conference venues to restaurants and spilling out later onto the sidewalks of Boston. As our gracious host and the main convener of the meetings, Jeff Rubin skillfully wove together disparate views and approaches, moving toward the common threads that you see highlighted in this volume: zones of crisis, the day-to-day experience of religion, and citizenship. Each of the papers configures these themes in a unique way, demonstrating the undeniable centrality of religion as an inspiration and shaper of subjectivities, personal and public action, and engagement with politics in diverse settings across the Americas.
Practice guidelines for intramuscular injection in mental health: A delphi method
- G. Legrand, C. Guiguet-Auclair, S. Boisgard, O. Traore, J.-P. Lanquetin, H. Viennet, N. Morin, Z. Cardinaud, A. Debost-Legrand, L. Bernard
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- Journal:
- European Psychiatry / Volume 64 / Issue S1 / April 2021
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 13 August 2021, p. S721
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Introduction
Intramuscular injections (IMI) remain a frequent practice in mental health. The available guidelines for IMI in mental health only focus on the technical side of the practices. Moreover, no recent update has been performed to improve practice of IMI in mental health
ObjectivesTo assess a formalized consensus agreement regarding the best practice concerning IMI in mental health and to develop practice guidelines.
MethodsA two-round Delphi method was used. The scientific committee consisted in one psychiatrist, one orthopaedic surgeon, one infection control practitioner, one hospital pharmacist, one mental health nurse, one nurse exploring care relationship and one nurse educator. From literature review, each expert proposed specific recommendations. The panel experts were asked to rate the appropriateness and the applicability in current practice of each recommendation on a 9-point Likert scale. Panel members were recruited in five mental health institutions. The first round questionnaire was emailed to each respondent on February 2020 and the second one on June. Propositions were considered appropriate and applicable in current practice if the median was >=7. Agreement among experts were judged by the statistical measure of the Interpercentile Range
ResultsFrom the first round, 46 recommendations were retained by 49 nurses. 27 propositions were retained after this second round by 32 nurses. The scientific committee added 12 other recommendations because of their importance in the literature and clinical practice.
ConclusionsThis study provides consensus-based recommendations on IMI in mental health. Nursing staff need to be educated about the new guidelines from both the theoretical and clinical perspectives
DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Stigma resistance is associated with advanced stages of personal recovery in serious mental illness patients enrolled in psychiatric rehabilitation
- J. Dubreucq, J. Plasse, F. Gabayet, M. Faraldo, O. Blanc, I. Chereau, S. Cervello, G. Couhet, C. Demily, N. Guillard-Bouhet, B. Gouache, N. Jaafari, G. Legrand, E. Legros-Lafarge, R. Pommier, C. Quilès, D. Straub, H. Verdoux, F. Vignaga, C. Massoubre, REHABAse network, N. Franck
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- Journal:
- Psychological Medicine / Volume 52 / Issue 11 / August 2022
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 16 November 2020, pp. 2155-2165
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Background
Stigma resistance (SR) is defined as one's ability to deflect or challenge stigmatizing beliefs. SR is positively associated with patient's outcomes in serious mental illness (SMI). SR appears as a promising target for psychiatric rehabilitation as it might facilitate personal recovery.
ObjectivesThe objectives of the present study are: (i) to assess the frequency of SR in a multicentric non-selected psychiatric rehabilitation SMI sample; (ii) to investigate the correlates of high SR
MethodsA total of 693 outpatients with SMI were recruited from the French National Centers of Reference for Psychiatric Rehabilitation cohort (REHABase). Evaluation included standardized scales for clinical severity, quality of life, satisfaction with life, wellbeing, and personal recovery and a large cognitive battery. SR was measured using internalized stigma of mental illness – SR subscale.
ResultsElevated SR was associated with a preserved executive functioning, a lower insight into illness and all recovery-related outcomes in the univariate analyses. In the multivariate analysis adjusted by age, gender and self-stigma, elevated SR was best predicted by the later stages of personal recovery [rebuilding; p = 0.004, OR = 2.89 (1.36–4.88); growth; p = 0.005, OR = 2.79 (1.30–4.43)). No moderating effects of age and education were found.
ConclusionThe present study has indicated the importance of addressing SR in patients enrolled in psychiatric rehabilitation. Recovery-oriented psychoeducation, metacognitive therapies and family interventions might improve SR and protect against insight-related depression. The effectiveness of psychiatric rehabilitation on SR and the potential mediating effects of changes in SR on treatment outcomes should be further investigated in longitudinal studies.
Étude contrôlée de la qualité de vie liée à la santé et ses déterminants chez des adolescents souffrant d’un syndrome de Gilles de la Tourette
- I. Jalenques, C. Auclair, A. Hartmann, C. Angonin, D. Morand, P. Derost, F. Durif, L. Gerbaud, E. Deniau, G. Legrand, M. Marcheix, J. Müllner, C. Ramanoël, R. May
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- Journal:
- European Psychiatry / Volume 29 / Issue S3 / November 2014
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 17 April 2020, pp. 593-594
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Objectifs
Étudier la qualité de vie liée à la santé (QVS) et ses déterminants chez des adolescents consultant pour syndrome de Gilles de la Tourette (SGT).
MéthodeAprès hétéro-évaluation par la YGTSS et la CY-BOCS, la QVS des adolescents était mesurée à l’aide de 3 questionnaires d’autoévaluation (SF-36, VSP-A, CHAQ). Des contrôles appariés sur l’âge et le sexe ont rempli les mêmes questionnaires. Les parents des patients et des contrôles ont renseigné les questionnaires sociodémographique et médical, la CBCL et deux hétéroévaluations de la QVS des adolescents (VSP P et CHAQ parents). Tous les participants avaient donné leur consentement éclairé.
RésultatsPour les 75 adolescents (14,8 ans, DS = 1,8 ; 80 % de garçons) inclus, le score YGTSS moyen était de 33,9 (DS = 20). Pour la CBCL, le score total, les scores symptômes internalisés et symptômes externalisés étaient limites/pathologiques pour 39,4 %, 52,1 % et 33,3 % des adolescents respectivement. La QVS des adolescents SGT était significativement altérée comparée aux contrôles pour toutes les dimensions de la SF-36, pour les dimensions vitalité, relations avec les pairs et loisirs de la VSP A et pour le score total de la CHAQ. On retrouvait des corrélations négatives significatives entre les scores Tics moteurs et sévérité globale de la YGTSS et les dimensions psychologiques et sociales du SF-36, une corrélation positive entre le score Tics vocaux de la YGTSS et le score total à la CHAQ. Les adolescents avec des scores CBCL total et symptômes internalisés limites/pathologiques avaient des scores significativement plus bas sur plusieurs dimensions de QVS.
ConclusionLes dimensions physiques, psychologiques et sociales de la QVS sont altérées chez les adolescents SGT. La sévérité des tics, les difficultés émotionnelles et comportementales ont un impact négatif sensible sur les dimensions physiques, psychologiques et sociales de la QVS chez les adolescents SGT.
Anhedonia in Chronic Schizophrenia: a Specific Dimension?
- G. Loas, C. Noisette, A. Legrand, P. Boyer
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- European Psychiatry / Volume 11 / Issue S4 / 1996
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 16 April 2020, pp. 246s-247s
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Binge-drinking en milieu étudiants : rôle de l’impulsivité et évaluation de stratégies de prévention en milieu festif
- F. Gieski, D. Voisin, F. Benzerouk, F. Legrand, C. Potard, M. Naasila
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- Journal:
- European Psychiatry / Volume 30 / Issue S2 / November 2015
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 15 April 2020, pp. S108-S109
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Le binge drinking ou alcoolisation ponctuelle importante (API) est défini par une ingestion d’une quantité importante d’alcool, dans un laps de temps court, dont l’objectif est d’atteindre rapidement un état d’ébriété. Particulièrement présent en milieu étudiant, ce mode de consommation constitue un véritable problème de santé publique tant par ses répercussions immédiates (accidents de la voie publique, comas éthyliques.) que par ses conséquences à plus long terme (altérations cérébrales et hépatiques, évolution vers des troubles sévères liés à l’alcool). Parmi les facteurs prédisposant aux conduites d’API, il a été souligné le rôle majeur joué par l’impulsivité (ex. : [1]). Néanmoins, ce type d’étude présente une limite dans la mesure où la consommation d’alcool est appréhendée par l’intermédiaire de questionnaires rétrospectifs de consommation d’alcool et non par des mesures objectives. Par ailleurs, peu d’études ont tenté d’évaluer l’efficacité de techniques de prévention ciblées sur ces dispositions personnelles de consommation d’alcool. L’objectif de notre étude était donc à la fois de répondre à la question du lien entre impulsivité et consommation objective d’alcool en soirée étudiante selon une méthodologie éprouvée [2], et de tenter de mettre en évidence l’effet d’un message de prévention sur ce lien. Pour ce faire, de jeunes adultes se sont vus proposer le questionnaire d’impulsivité (UPPS-P) à l’entrée, et une mesure électronique d’alcoolémie à la sortie, de soirées étudiantes. De façon aléatoire les participants se voyaient présenter, ou non, un court message de prévention sur les conséquences cérébrales de l’alcoolisation. Pour éviter tout risque d’influence, aucune référence à la mesure d’alcoolémie n’était faite à l’entrée en soirée. Les résultats montrent que différentes facettes de l’impulsivité étaient associées à la mesure d’alcoolémie et que la délivrance du message de prévention réduisait le lien entre impulsivité et alcoolémie en fin de soirée.
Self-stigma in serious mental illness and autism spectrum disorder: Results from the REHABase national psychiatric rehabilitation cohort
- J. Dubreucq, J. Plasse, F. Gabayet, M. Faraldo, O. Blanc, I. Chereau, S. Cervello, G. Couhet, C. Demily, N. Guillard-Bouhet, B. Gouache, N. Jaafari, G. Legrand, E. Legros-Lafarge , R. Pommier, C. Quilès, D. Straub, H. Verdoux, F. Vignaga, C. Massoubre, REHABAse Network, N. Franck
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- Journal:
- European Psychiatry / Volume 63 / Issue 1 / 2020
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 07 February 2020, e13
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Background.
Self-stigma is a major issue in serious mental illness (SMI) and is negatively associated with patient outcomes. Most studies have been conducted in schizophrenia (SZ). Less is known about self-stigma in other SMI and autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The objectives of this study are: (i) to assess the frequency of self-stigma in a multicentric nonselected psychiatric rehabilitation SMI and ASD sample; and (ii) to investigate the correlates of elevated self-stigma in different SMI conditions and in ASD.
Methods.A total of 738 SMI or ASD outpatients were recruited from the French National Centers of Reference for Psychiatric Rehabilitation cohort (REHABase). Evaluations included sociodemographic data, illness characteristics, and standardized scales for clinical severity, quality of life, satisfaction with life, wellbeing, personal recovery, a large cognitive battery, and daily functioning assessment.
Results.31.2% of the total sample had elevated self-stigma. The highest prevalence (43.8%) was found in borderline personality disorder and the lowest (22.2%) in ASD. In the multivariate analysis, elevated self-stigma was best predicted by early stages of personal recovery (moratorium, p = 0.001, OR = 4.0 [1.78–8.98]; awareness, p = 0.011, OR = 2.87 [1.28–6.44]), history of suicide attempt (p = 0.001, OR = 2.27 [1.37–3.76]), insight (p = 0.002, OR = 1.22 [1.08–1.38]), wellbeing (p = 0.037, OR = 0.77 [0.60–0.98]), and satisfaction with interpersonal relationships (p < 0.001, OR = 0.85 [0.78–0.93]).
Conclusions.The present study has confirmed the importance of addressing self-stigma in SMI and ASD patients enrolled in psychiatric rehabilitation. The effectiveness of psychiatric rehabilitation on self-stigma and the potential mediating effects of changes in self-stigma on treatment outcomes should be further investigated.
δD And δ18O In South Pole Snow: Further Comparison With Meteorological Data and The Record From the Last Millennium (Abstract)
- J. R. Petit, J. Jouzel, J. C. White, Qian Qiu-yu, M. Legrand, M. Pourchet
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- Journal:
- Annals of Glaciology / Volume 11 / 1988
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 20 January 2017, p. 208
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The stable-isotope content of precipitation (δD and δ18O) is governed by the successive fractionation processes which occur during the atmospheric water cycle. As a result there is, in polar areas, a well-obeyed and theoretically well-understood linear relationship between the mean istopic content of snow and its mean temperature of formation. This relationship is well documented on a spatial scale but poorly known for a given site on a temporal basis, the main reason being that relatively long-term and sufficiently detailed meteorological data are only available for a few polar sites. The South Pole appears to be a suitable place for such a study because: (i) snow accumulation is high enough (∼20 cm of snow per year), thus reducing the possibility that annual layers will be lost as a result of wind; (ii) seasonal variation in isotope content is still preserved in snow up to 50 years old; (iii) meteorological data are available from the time the station was opened in 1957.
Our previous studies of surface and recently deposited snow at the South Pole were very encouraging in this respect; they have been extended with a two-fold purpose: (i) to test the geographical representativity of the isotope record by comparing results from various cores taken within a 10 km radius of the station. The cores are dated by various techniques, such as stratigraphy, seasonal variation in isotopic content, beta-radioactivity fall-out layers, and detection by solid conductivity measurements of the high “spike” which is thought to correspond to the 1815 Tambora eruption; (ii) to discuss the South Pole isotope record over the last 1000 years as recovered from a 127 m deep ice core.
Atmospheric Chemistry Changes Over The Last Climatic Cycle (180 000 Years) Inferred From The Vostok (Antarctica) Ice-Core Study
- M. Legrand, C. Feniet-Saigne, J.R. Petit
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- Journal:
- Annals of Glaciology / Volume 14 / 1990
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 20 January 2017, p. 344
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A 2 200 m-deep ice core from Vostok Station (East Antarctica) has been used for a comprehensive study of a series of ions (Na+ NH4+, K+, H+, Ca2+, Mg2+, C1−, F−, NO3− and SO42−) originating from impurities deposited over the whole last climatic cycle (180 000 years) as depicted from the isotopic composition of the ice.
Concentration profiles confirm that both marine and terrestrial aerosol inputs were higher (up to five and 30 times the Holocene values respectively) during cold climatic conditions. Such large variations of marine and terrestrial aerosol concentrations measured in ice mainly reflect global (source strength and atmospheric transport efficiency) changes, and to a lesser extent local (deposition) changes.
As opposed to these primary aerosols, secondary aerosols or gases (HNO3, HC1) exhibit more moderate variations. Finally, variations of other minor ions such as NH4+ provide information on the capacity of ammonia to neutralize the natural acidity of the past background atmosphere.
Spectral analyses performed on our chemical profiles (200 samples) exhibit several specific periodicities (around 20 and 40 k year) close to the Earth's orbit tilt and precession frequencies which are discussed in terms of atmospheric response to climatic fluctuations.
Occupational Determinants of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Colonization Among Healthcare Workers: A Longitudinal Study in a Rehabilitation Center
- J. Legrand, L. Temime, C. Lawrence, J. L. Herrmann, P. Y. Boelle, D. Guillemot
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- Journal:
- Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology / Volume 36 / Issue 7 / July 2015
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 18 March 2015, pp. 767-776
- Print publication:
- July 2015
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BACKGROUND
Staphylococcus aureus carriage among healthcare workers (HCWs) is a concern in hospital settings, where it may provide a reservoir for later infections in both patients and staff. Earlier studies have shown that the prevalence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) carriage in HCWs is highly variable, depending notably on location, hospital department type, MRSA prevalence among patients, and type of contacts with patients. However, MRSA incidence in HCWs and its occupational determinants have seldom been studied.
METHODSA prospective, observational cohort study was conducted between May and October 2009 in a French rehabilitation center hospital. HCWs and patients were screened weekly for S. aureus nasal carriage. Methicillin-susceptible S. aureus and MRSA prevalence and incidence were estimated and factors associated with MRSA acquisition were identified using generalized estimating equation regression methods.
RESULTSAmong 343 HCWs included in the analysis, the average prevalence was 27% (95% CI, 24%–29%) for methicillin-susceptible S. aureus and 10% (8%–11%) for MRSA. We observed 129 MRSA colonization events. According to the multivariable analysis, high MRSA prevalence level among patients and HCW occupation were significantly associated with MRSA acquisition in HCWs, with assistant nurses being more at risk than nurses (odds ratio, 2.2; 95% CI, 1.4–3.6).
CONCLUSIONSOur findings may help further our understanding of the transmission dynamics of MRSA carriage acquisition in HCWs, suggesting that it is notably driven by carriage among patients and by the type of contact with patients.
Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2015;36(7):767–776
A comment on the paper ‘Solar activity and its influence on climate’
- C. Amory-Mazaudier, J-P. Legrand
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- Journal:
- Netherlands Journal of Geosciences / Volume 88 / Issue 3 / November 2009
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 24 March 2014, p. 177
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Contamination of Healthcare Workers' Hands with Clostridium difficile Spores after Caring for Patients with C. difficile Infection
- C. Landelle, M. Verachten, P. Legrand, E. Girou, F. Barbut, C. Brun Buisson
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- Journal:
- Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology / Volume 35 / Issue 1 / January 2014
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 10 May 2016, pp. 10-15
- Print publication:
- January 2014
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Objective.
We determined the percentage of healthcare workers' (HCWs') hands contaminated with Clostridium difficile spores after caring for patients with C. difficile infection (CDI) and risk factors associated with contamination.
Design.Prospective study.
Setting.A French university hospital.
Methods.We compared the hand contamination rate among HCWs caring for patients with CDI (exposed group; n = 66) with that among an unexposed group (n = 44). Spores of C. difficile were recovered from the hands of HCWs after rubbing their fingers and palms in alcohol shortly after patient care. Associations between hand contamination and HCW category, type (patient or environment), and risk level (high or low risk) of HCW contacts and their respective duration as well as use of gloves were analyzed by bivariate and multivariate analysis.
Results.C. difficile spores were detected on 24% of HCWs' hands in the exposed group and on 0% in the unexposed group (P < .001). In the exposed group, logistic regression, which adjusted for high-risk contact (ie, exposure to fecal soiling), contact with the environment, and contact with or without use of gloves, revealed that high-risk contact (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] per 1 contact increment, 2.78; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.42–5.45; P = .003) and at least 1 contact without use of gloves (aOR, 6.26; 95% CI, 1.27–30.78; P = .02) were independently associated with HCW hand contamination by C. difficile spores.
Conclusions.Nearly one-quarter of HCWs have hands contaminated with C. difficile spores after routine care of patients with CDI. Hand contamination is positively associated with exposure to fecal soiling and lack of glove use.
Contributors
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- By Aakash Agarwala, Linda S. Aglio, Rae M. Allain, Paul D. Allen, Houman Amirfarzan, Yasodananda Kumar Areti, Amit Asopa, Edwin G. Avery, Patricia R. Bachiller, Angela M. Bader, Rana Badr, Sibinka Bajic, David J. Baker, Sheila R. Barnett, Rena Beckerly, Lorenzo Berra, Walter Bethune, Sascha S. Beutler, Tarun Bhalla, Edward A. Bittner, Jonathan D. Bloom, Alina V. Bodas, Lina M. Bolanos-Diaz, Ruma R. Bose, Jan Boublik, John P. Broadnax, Jason C. Brookman, Meredith R. Brooks, Roland Brusseau, Ethan O. Bryson, Linda A. Bulich, Kenji Butterfield, William R. Camann, Denise M. Chan, Theresa S. Chang, Jonathan E. Charnin, Mark Chrostowski, Fred Cobey, Adam B. Collins, Mercedes A. Concepcion, Christopher W. Connor, Bronwyn Cooper, Jeffrey B. Cooper, Martha Cordoba-Amorocho, Stephen B. Corn, Darin J. Correll, Gregory J. Crosby, Lisa J. Crossley, Deborah J. Culley, Tomas Cvrk, Michael N. D'Ambra, Michael Decker, Daniel F. Dedrick, Mark Dershwitz, Francis X. Dillon, Pradeep Dinakar, Alimorad G. Djalali, D. John Doyle, Lambertus Drop, Ian F. Dunn, Theodore E. Dushane, Sunil Eappen, Thomas Edrich, Jesse M. Ehrenfeld, Jason M. Erlich, Lucinda L. Everett, Elliott S. Farber, Khaldoun Faris, Eddy M. Feliz, Massimo Ferrigno, Richard S. Field, Michael G. Fitzsimons, Hugh L. Flanagan Jr., Vladimir Formanek, Amanda A. Fox, John A. Fox, Gyorgy Frendl, Tanja S. Frey, Samuel M. Galvagno Jr., Edward R. Garcia, Jonathan D. Gates, Cosmin Gauran, Brian J. Gelfand, Simon Gelman, Alexander C. Gerhart, Peter Gerner, Omid Ghalambor, Christopher J. Gilligan, Christian D. Gonzalez, Noah E. Gordon, William B. Gormley, Thomas J. Graetz, Wendy L. Gross, Amit Gupta, James P. Hardy, Seetharaman Hariharan, Miriam Harnett, Philip M. Hartigan, Joaquim M. Havens, Bishr Haydar, Stephen O. Heard, James L. Helstrom, David L. Hepner, McCallum R. Hoyt, Robert N. Jamison, Karinne Jervis, Stephanie B. Jones, Swaminathan Karthik, Richard M. Kaufman, Shubjeet Kaur, Lee A. Kearse Jr., John C. Keel, Scott D. Kelley, Albert H. Kim, Amy L. Kim, Grace Y. Kim, Robert J. Klickovich, Robert M. Knapp, Bhavani S. Kodali, Rahul Koka, Alina Lazar, Laura H. Leduc, Stanley Leeson, Lisa R. Leffert, Scott A. LeGrand, Patricio Leyton, J. Lance Lichtor, John Lin, Alvaro A. Macias, Karan Madan, Sohail K. Mahboobi, Devi Mahendran, Christine Mai, Sayeed Malek, S. Rao Mallampati, Thomas J. Mancuso, Ramon Martin, Matthew C. Martinez, J. A. Jeevendra Martyn, Kai Matthes, Tommaso Mauri, Mary Ellen McCann, Shannon S. McKenna, Dennis J. McNicholl, Abdel-Kader Mehio, Thor C. Milland, Tonya L. K. Miller, John D. Mitchell, K. Annette Mizuguchi, Naila Moghul, David R. Moss, Ross J. Musumeci, Naveen Nathan, Ju-Mei Ng, Liem C. Nguyen, Ervant Nishanian, Martina Nowak, Ala Nozari, Michael Nurok, Arti Ori, Rafael A. Ortega, Amy J. Ortman, David Oxman, Arvind Palanisamy, Carlo Pancaro, Lisbeth Lopez Pappas, Benjamin Parish, Samuel Park, Deborah S. Pederson, Beverly K. Philip, James H. Philip, Silvia Pivi, Stephen D. Pratt, Douglas E. Raines, Stephen L. Ratcliff, James P. Rathmell, J. Taylor Reed, Elizabeth M. Rickerson, Selwyn O. Rogers Jr., Thomas M. Romanelli, William H. Rosenblatt, Carl E. Rosow, Edgar L. Ross, J. Victor Ryckman, Mônica M. Sá Rêgo, Nicholas Sadovnikoff, Warren S. Sandberg, Annette Y. Schure, B. Scott Segal, Navil F. Sethna, Swapneel K. Shah, Shaheen F. Shaikh, Fred E. Shapiro, Torin D. Shear, Prem S. Shekar, Stanton K. Shernan, Naomi Shimizu, Douglas C. Shook, Kamal K. Sikka, Pankaj K. Sikka, David A. Silver, Jeffrey H. Silverstein, Emily A. Singer, Ken Solt, Spiro G. Spanakis, Wolfgang Steudel, Matthias Stopfkuchen-Evans, Michael P. Storey, Gary R. Strichartz, Balachundhar Subramaniam, Wariya Sukhupragarn, John Summers, Shine Sun, Eswar Sundar, Sugantha Sundar, Neelakantan Sunder, Faraz Syed, Usha B. Tedrow, Nelson L. Thaemert, George P. Topulos, Lawrence C. Tsen, Richard D. Urman, Charles A. Vacanti, Francis X. Vacanti, Joshua C. Vacanti, Assia Valovska, Ivan T. Valovski, Mary Ann Vann, Susan Vassallo, Anasuya Vasudevan, Kamen V. Vlassakov, Gian Paolo Volpato, Essi M. Vulli, J. Matthias Walz, Jingping Wang, James F. Watkins, Maxwell Weinmann, Sharon L. Wetherall, Mallory Williams, Sarah H. Wiser, Zhiling Xiong, Warren M. Zapol, Jie Zhou
- Edited by Charles Vacanti, Scott Segal, Pankaj Sikka, Richard Urman
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- Essential Clinical Anesthesia
- Published online:
- 05 January 2012
- Print publication:
- 11 July 2011, pp xv-xxviii
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Contributors
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- By Rose Teteki Abbey, K. C. Abraham, David Tuesday Adamo, LeRoy H. Aden, Efrain Agosto, Victor Aguilan, Gillian T. W. Ahlgren, Charanjit Kaur AjitSingh, Dorothy B E A Akoto, Giuseppe Alberigo, Daniel E. Albrecht, Ruth Albrecht, Daniel O. Aleshire, Urs Altermatt, Anand Amaladass, Michael Amaladoss, James N. Amanze, Lesley G. Anderson, Thomas C. Anderson, Victor Anderson, Hope S. Antone, María Pilar Aquino, Paula Arai, Victorio Araya Guillén, S. Wesley Ariarajah, Ellen T. Armour, Brett Gregory Armstrong, Atsuhiro Asano, Naim Stifan Ateek, Mahmoud Ayoub, John Alembillah Azumah, Mercedes L. García Bachmann, Irena Backus, J. Wayne Baker, Mieke Bal, Lewis V. Baldwin, William Barbieri, António Barbosa da Silva, David Basinger, Bolaji Olukemi Bateye, Oswald Bayer, Daniel H. Bays, Rosalie Beck, Nancy Elizabeth Bedford, Guy-Thomas Bedouelle, Chorbishop Seely Beggiani, Wolfgang Behringer, Christopher M. Bellitto, Byard Bennett, Harold V. Bennett, Teresa Berger, Miguel A. Bernad, Henley Bernard, Alan E. Bernstein, Jon L. Berquist, Johannes Beutler, Ana María Bidegain, Matthew P. Binkewicz, Jennifer Bird, Joseph Blenkinsopp, Dmytro Bondarenko, Paulo Bonfatti, Riet en Pim Bons-Storm, Jessica A. Boon, Marcus J. Borg, Mark Bosco, Peter C. Bouteneff, François Bovon, William D. Bowman, Paul S. Boyer, David Brakke, Richard E. Brantley, Marcus Braybrooke, Ian Breward, Ênio José da Costa Brito, Jewel Spears Brooker, Johannes Brosseder, Nicholas Canfield Read Brown, Robert F. Brown, Pamela K. Brubaker, Walter Brueggemann, Bishop Colin O. Buchanan, Stanley M. Burgess, Amy Nelson Burnett, J. Patout Burns, David B. Burrell, David Buttrick, James P. Byrd, Lavinia Byrne, Gerado Caetano, Marcos Caldas, Alkiviadis Calivas, William J. Callahan, Salvatore Calomino, Euan K. Cameron, William S. Campbell, Marcelo Ayres Camurça, Daniel F. Caner, Paul E. Capetz, Carlos F. Cardoza-Orlandi, Patrick W. Carey, Barbara Carvill, Hal Cauthron, Subhadra Mitra Channa, Mark D. Chapman, James H. Charlesworth, Kenneth R. Chase, Chen Zemin, Luciano Chianeque, Philip Chia Phin Yin, Francisca H. Chimhanda, Daniel Chiquete, John T. Chirban, Soobin Choi, Robert Choquette, Mita Choudhury, Gerald Christianson, John Chryssavgis, Sejong Chun, Esther Chung-Kim, Charles M. A. Clark, Elizabeth A. Clark, Sathianathan Clarke, Fred Cloud, John B. Cobb, W. Owen Cole, John A Coleman, John J. Collins, Sylvia Collins-Mayo, Paul K. Conkin, Beth A. Conklin, Sean Connolly, Demetrios J. Constantelos, Michael A. Conway, Paula M. Cooey, Austin Cooper, Michael L. Cooper-White, Pamela Cooper-White, L. William Countryman, Sérgio Coutinho, Pamela Couture, Shannon Craigo-Snell, James L. Crenshaw, David Crowner, Humberto Horacio Cucchetti, Lawrence S. Cunningham, Elizabeth Mason Currier, Emmanuel Cutrone, Mary L. Daniel, David D. Daniels, Robert Darden, Rolf Darge, Isaiah Dau, Jeffry C. Davis, Jane Dawson, Valentin Dedji, John W. de Gruchy, Paul DeHart, Wendy J. Deichmann Edwards, Miguel A. De La Torre, George E. Demacopoulos, Thomas de Mayo, Leah DeVun, Beatriz de Vasconcellos Dias, Dennis C. Dickerson, John M. Dillon, Luis Miguel Donatello, Igor Dorfmann-Lazarev, Susanna Drake, Jonathan A. Draper, N. Dreher Martin, Otto Dreydoppel, Angelyn Dries, A. J. Droge, Francis X. D'Sa, Marilyn Dunn, Nicole Wilkinson Duran, Rifaat Ebied, Mark J. Edwards, William H. Edwards, Leonard H. Ehrlich, Nancy L. Eiesland, Martin Elbel, J. Harold Ellens, Stephen Ellingson, Marvin M. Ellison, Robert Ellsberg, Jean Bethke Elshtain, Eldon Jay Epp, Peter C. Erb, Tassilo Erhardt, Maria Erling, Noel Leo Erskine, Gillian R. Evans, Virginia Fabella, Michael A. Fahey, Edward Farley, Margaret A. Farley, Wendy Farley, Robert Fastiggi, Seena Fazel, Duncan S. Ferguson, Helwar Figueroa, Paul Corby Finney, Kyriaki Karidoyanes FitzGerald, Thomas E. FitzGerald, John R. Fitzmier, Marie Therese Flanagan, Sabina Flanagan, Claude Flipo, Ronald B. Flowers, Carole Fontaine, David Ford, Mary Ford, Stephanie A. Ford, Jim Forest, William Franke, Robert M. Franklin, Ruth Franzén, Edward H. Friedman, Samuel Frouisou, Lorelei F. Fuchs, Jojo M. Fung, Inger Furseth, Richard R. Gaillardetz, Brandon Gallaher, China Galland, Mark Galli, Ismael García, Tharscisse Gatwa, Jean-Marie Gaudeul, Luis María Gavilanes del Castillo, Pavel L. Gavrilyuk, Volney P. Gay, Metropolitan Athanasios Geevargis, Kondothra M. George, Mary Gerhart, Simon Gikandi, Maurice Gilbert, Michael J. Gillgannon, Verónica Giménez Beliveau, Terryl Givens, Beth Glazier-McDonald, Philip Gleason, Menghun Goh, Brian Golding, Bishop Hilario M. Gomez, Michelle A. Gonzalez, Donald K. Gorrell, Roy Gottfried, Tamara Grdzelidze, Joel B. Green, Niels Henrik Gregersen, Cristina Grenholm, Herbert Griffiths, Eric W. Gritsch, Erich S. Gruen, Christoffer H. Grundmann, Paul H. Gundani, Jon P. Gunnemann, Petre Guran, Vidar L. Haanes, Jeremiah M. Hackett, Getatchew Haile, Douglas John Hall, Nicholas Hammond, Daphne Hampson, Jehu J. Hanciles, Barry Hankins, Jennifer Haraguchi, Stanley S. Harakas, Anthony John Harding, Conrad L. Harkins, J. William Harmless, Marjory Harper, Amir Harrak, Joel F. Harrington, Mark W. Harris, Susan Ashbrook Harvey, Van A. Harvey, R. Chris Hassel, Jione Havea, Daniel Hawk, Diana L. Hayes, Leslie Hayes, Priscilla Hayner, S. Mark Heim, Simo Heininen, Richard P. Heitzenrater, Eila Helander, David Hempton, Scott H. Hendrix, Jan-Olav Henriksen, Gina Hens-Piazza, Carter Heyward, Nicholas J. Higham, David Hilliard, Norman A. Hjelm, Peter C. Hodgson, Arthur Holder, M. Jan Holton, Dwight N. Hopkins, Ronnie Po-chia Hsia, Po-Ho Huang, James Hudnut-Beumler, Jennifer S. Hughes, Leonard M. Hummel, Mary E. Hunt, Laennec Hurbon, Mark Hutchinson, Susan E. Hylen, Mary Beth Ingham, H. Larry Ingle, Dale T. Irvin, Jon Isaak, Paul John Isaak, Ada María Isasi-Díaz, Hans Raun Iversen, Margaret C. Jacob, Arthur James, Maria Jansdotter-Samuelsson, David Jasper, Werner G. Jeanrond, Renée Jeffery, David Lyle Jeffrey, Theodore W. Jennings, David H. Jensen, Robin Margaret Jensen, David Jobling, Dale A. Johnson, Elizabeth A. Johnson, Maxwell E. Johnson, Sarah Johnson, Mark D. Johnston, F. Stanley Jones, James William Jones, John R. Jones, Alissa Jones Nelson, Inge Jonsson, Jan Joosten, Elizabeth Judd, Mulambya Peggy Kabonde, Robert Kaggwa, Sylvester Kahakwa, Isaac Kalimi, Ogbu U. Kalu, Eunice Kamaara, Wayne C. Kannaday, Musimbi Kanyoro, Veli-Matti Kärkkäinen, Frank Kaufmann, Léon Nguapitshi Kayongo, Richard Kearney, Alice A. Keefe, Ralph Keen, Catherine Keller, Anthony J. Kelly, Karen Kennelly, Kathi Lynn Kern, Fergus Kerr, Edward Kessler, George Kilcourse, Heup Young Kim, Kim Sung-Hae, Kim Yong-Bock, Kim Yung Suk, Richard King, Thomas M. King, Robert M. Kingdon, Ross Kinsler, Hans G. Kippenberg, Cheryl A. Kirk-Duggan, Clifton Kirkpatrick, Leonid Kishkovsky, Nadieszda Kizenko, Jeffrey Klaiber, Hans-Josef Klauck, Sidney Knight, Samuel Kobia, Robert Kolb, Karla Ann Koll, Heikki Kotila, Donald Kraybill, Philip D. W. Krey, Yves Krumenacker, Jeffrey Kah-Jin Kuan, Simanga R. Kumalo, Peter Kuzmic, Simon Shui-Man Kwan, Kwok Pui-lan, André LaCocque, Stephen E. Lahey, John Tsz Pang Lai, Emiel Lamberts, Armando Lampe, Craig Lampe, Beverly J. Lanzetta, Eve LaPlante, Lizette Larson-Miller, Ariel Bybee Laughton, Leonard Lawlor, Bentley Layton, Robin A. Leaver, Karen Lebacqz, Archie Chi Chung Lee, Marilyn J. Legge, Hervé LeGrand, D. L. LeMahieu, Raymond Lemieux, Bill J. Leonard, Ellen M. Leonard, Outi Leppä, Jean Lesaulnier, Nantawan Boonprasat Lewis, Henrietta Leyser, Alexei Lidov, Bernard Lightman, Paul Chang-Ha Lim, Carter Lindberg, Mark R. Lindsay, James R. Linville, James C. Livingston, Ann Loades, David Loades, Jean-Claude Loba-Mkole, Lo Lung Kwong, Wati Longchar, Eleazar López, David W. Lotz, Andrew Louth, Robin W. Lovin, William Luis, Frank D. Macchia, Diarmaid N. J. MacCulloch, Kirk R. MacGregor, Marjory A. MacLean, Donald MacLeod, Tomas S. Maddela, Inge Mager, Laurenti Magesa, David G. Maillu, Fortunato Mallimaci, Philip Mamalakis, Kä Mana, Ukachukwu Chris Manus, Herbert Robinson Marbury, Reuel Norman Marigza, Jacqueline Mariña, Antti Marjanen, Luiz C. L. Marques, Madipoane Masenya (ngwan'a Mphahlele), Caleb J. D. Maskell, Steve Mason, Thomas Massaro, Fernando Matamoros Ponce, András Máté-Tóth, Odair Pedroso Mateus, Dinis Matsolo, Fumitaka Matsuoka, John D'Arcy May, Yelena Mazour-Matusevich, Theodore Mbazumutima, John S. McClure, Christian McConnell, Lee Martin McDonald, Gary B. McGee, Thomas McGowan, Alister E. McGrath, Richard J. McGregor, John A. McGuckin, Maud Burnett McInerney, Elsie Anne McKee, Mary B. McKinley, James F. McMillan, Ernan McMullin, Kathleen E. McVey, M. Douglas Meeks, Monica Jyotsna Melanchthon, Ilie Melniciuc-Puica, Everett Mendoza, Raymond A. Mentzer, William W. Menzies, Ina Merdjanova, Franziska Metzger, Constant J. Mews, Marvin Meyer, Carol Meyers, Vasile Mihoc, Gunner Bjerg Mikkelsen, Maria Inêz de Castro Millen, Clyde Lee Miller, Bonnie J. Miller-McLemore, Alexander Mirkovic, Paul Misner, Nozomu Miyahira, R. W. L. Moberly, Gerald Moede, Aloo Osotsi Mojola, Sunanda Mongia, Rebeca Montemayor, James Moore, Roger E. Moore, Craig E. Morrison O.Carm, Jeffry H. Morrison, Keith Morrison, Wilson J. Moses, Tefetso Henry Mothibe, Mokgethi Motlhabi, Fulata Moyo, Henry Mugabe, Jesse Ndwiga Kanyua Mugambi, Peggy Mulambya-Kabonde, Robert Bruce Mullin, Pamela Mullins Reaves, Saskia Murk Jansen, Heleen L. Murre-Van den Berg, Augustine Musopole, Isaac M. T. Mwase, Philomena Mwaura, Cecilia Nahnfeldt, Anne Nasimiyu Wasike, Carmiña Navia Velasco, Thulani Ndlazi, Alexander Negrov, James B. Nelson, David G. Newcombe, Carol Newsom, Helen J. 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Phan, Isabel Apawo Phiri, William S. F. Pickering, Derrick G. Pitard, William Elvis Plata, Zlatko Plese, John Plummer, James Newton Poling, Ronald Popivchak, Andrew Porter, Ute Possekel, James M. Powell, Enos Das Pradhan, Devadasan Premnath, Jaime Adrían Prieto Valladares, Anne Primavesi, Randall Prior, María Alicia Puente Lutteroth, Eduardo Guzmão Quadros, Albert Rabil, Laurent William Ramambason, Apolonio M. Ranche, Vololona Randriamanantena Andriamitandrina, Lawrence R. Rast, Paul L. Redditt, Adele Reinhartz, Rolf Rendtorff, Pål Repstad, James N. Rhodes, John K. Riches, Joerg Rieger, Sharon H. Ringe, Sandra Rios, Tyler Roberts, David M. Robinson, James M. Robinson, Joanne Maguire Robinson, Richard A. H. Robinson, Roy R. Robson, Jack B. Rogers, Maria Roginska, Sidney Rooy, Rev. Garnett Roper, Maria José Fontelas Rosado-Nunes, Andrew C. Ross, Stefan Rossbach, François Rossier, John D. Roth, John K. Roth, Phillip Rothwell, Richard E. 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Yee, Viktor Yelensky, Yeo Khiok-Khng, Gustav K. K. Yeung, Angela Yiu, Amos Yong, Yong Ting Jin, You Bin, Youhanna Nessim Youssef, Eliana Yunes, Robert Michael Zaller, Valarie H. Ziegler, Barbara Brown Zikmund, Joyce Ann Zimmerman, Aurora Zlotnik, Zhuo Xinping
- Edited by Daniel Patte, Vanderbilt University, Tennessee
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- Book:
- The Cambridge Dictionary of Christianity
- Published online:
- 05 August 2012
- Print publication:
- 20 September 2010, pp xi-xliv
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Analog set-up for non linear dielectric measurements up to 100 kHz
- J.-M. Leblond, R. Douali, C. Legrand, P. Ropa, R. Dabrowski
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- Journal:
- The European Physical Journal - Applied Physics / Volume 44 / Issue 2 / November 2008
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 17 July 2008, pp. 205-209
- Print publication:
- November 2008
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In this paper, we present a new analog set-up for non linear dielectric measurements. The device is based on the auto-balanced bridge principle used in impedance analyzers. Its main advantage is to operate at high frequencies in comparison with a classical current amplifier. This extension consists in extracting the harmonics of a non sinusoidal current crossing the material. The set-up is used to perform non linear dielectric measurements on a ferroelectric liquid crystal and shows better performances than a previously published digital set-up.
Non linear dielectric spectroscopy: a method to determine physical parameters of ferroelectric liquid crystals
- J. M. Leblond, R. Douali, C. Legrand, R. Dabrowski
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- Journal:
- The European Physical Journal - Applied Physics / Volume 36 / Issue 2 / November 2006
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 19 September 2006, pp. 157-163
- Print publication:
- November 2006
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This paper concerns non linear dielectric spectroscopy in the SmC* phase of a ferroelectric liquid crystal. The experimental set-up and the procedure used to determine non linear permittivities are described. The results are discussed on the basis of the model proposed by Kimura et al. [Y. Kimura, S. Hara, R. Hayakawa, Phys. Rev. E 62, R5907 (2000); Y. Kimura, S. Hara, R. Hayakawa, Ferroelectrics 245, 61 (2000)]. A good agreement is obtained between the measurements and the theoretical predictions for $\epsilon^{*}_{3,3}$ and $\epsilon^{*}_{5,5}$ non linear permittivities. Some physical parameters of the material like the polarization, the rotational viscosity and the elastic term are determined. The polarization is found similar to this obtained with classical triangular wave method.
Towards a better width control in cold rolling of flat steel strips
- N. Legrand, B. Becker, C. Roubin
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- Journal:
- Revue de Métallurgie – International Journal of Metallurgy / Volume 103 / Issue 7-8 / July 2006
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 26 August 2006, pp. 326-332
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- July 2006
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Strip width necking may be quite significant on cold rolling mills. To compensate for this unpredicted phenomenon, hot strips are often ordered with an over-width with resulting substantial over costs, for trimming in particular. Based upon numerical simulation supported by rolling trials, the main factors that effect strip width variation have been quantified: edge drop, transverse stress relaxation, thermal contraction. Potential width actuators to be implemented on industrial cold rolling lines have been identified.
Modelling responses to a smallpox epidemic taking into account uncertainty
- J. LEGRAND, C. VIBOUD, P. Y. BOELLE, A. J. VALLERON, A. FLAHAULT
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- Journal:
- Epidemiology & Infection / Volume 132 / Issue 1 / February 2004
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 27 January 2004, pp. 19-25
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Epidemiology and modelling are currently under pressure to build consistent scenarios of control in case of deliberate release of biological weapons. In order to assess the key parameters for the control of a smallpox outbreak in a large city (2 million inhabitants), we built a stochastic model to simulate the course of an epidemic controlled by ring vaccination and case isolation. Assuming a reference scenario with 100 index cases and implementation of intervention 25 days after the attack, the model forecasts an epidemic of 730 cases with an epidemic duration of 240 days. Setting intervention 20 days later would result in an almost fourfold increase in the epidemic size. A multivariate sensitivity analysis has selected three key parameters: the basic reproduction number (i.e. the number of secondary cases infected by one case in an entirely susceptible population, equal to 3 in the reference scenario), time to intervention, and proportion of traced and vaccinated contacts.
Confrontation between noise and dielectric measurements on a liquid crystal in the paraelectric SA and ferroelectric SC* phases
- R. Douali, G. Leroy, J. Gest, C. Legrand, P. Tabourier, H. T. Nguyen
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- Journal:
- The European Physical Journal - Applied Physics / Volume 9 / Issue 1 / January 2000
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 15 January 2000, pp. 25-28
- Print publication:
- January 2000
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Dielectric and noise measurements versus frequency have been performed on a liquid crystal in the paraelectric SA and ferroelectric $S^*_{\rm C}$ phases. A confrontation of these measurements is presented on the basis of the fluctuation-dissipation theorem which shows that these techniques both give similar results linked to the observation of the classical soft mode and Goldstone mode in the SA and $S^*_{\rm C}$ phases respectively.