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Predictive factors for hyperglycaemic progression in patients with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder
- Ichiro Kusumi, Yuki Arai, Ryo Okubo, Minoru Honda, Yasuhiro Matsuda, Yukihiko Matsuda, Akihiko Tochigi, Yoshiteru Takekita, Hiroyoshi Yamanaka, Keiichi Uemura, Koichi Ito, Kiyoshi Tsuchiya, Jun Yamada, Bunta Yoshimura, Nobuyuki Mitsui, Sigehiro Matsubara, Takayuki Segawa, Nobuyuki Nishi, Yasufumi Sugawara, Yuki Kako, Ikuta Shinkawa, Kaoru Shinohara, Akiko Konishi, Junichi Iga, Naoki Hashimoto, Shinsaku Inomata, Noriko Tsukamoto, Hiroto Ito, Yoichi M. Ito, Norihiro Sato
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- Journal:
- BJPsych Open / Volume 4 / Issue 6 / November 2018
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 30 October 2018, pp. 454-460
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- Article
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Background
Patients with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder have a high risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
AimsTo identify predictive factors for hyperglycaemic progression in individuals with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder and to determine whether hyperglycaemic progression rates differ among antipsychotics in regular clinical practice.
MethodWe recruited 1166 patients who initially had normal or prediabetic glucose levels for a nationwide, multisite, l-year prospective cohort study to determine predictive factors for hyperglycaemic progression. We also examined whether hyperglycaemic progression varied among patients receiving monotherapy with the six most frequently used antipsychotics.
ResultsHigh baseline serum triglycerides and coexisting hypertension significantly predicted hyperglycaemic progression. The six most frequently used antipsychotics did not significantly differ in their associated hyperglycaemic progression rates over the 1-year observation period.
ConclusionsClinicians should carefully evaluate baseline serum triglycerides and coexisting hypertension and perform strict longitudinal monitoring irrespective of the antipsychotic used.
Declaration of interestThe authors report no financial or other relationship that is relevant to the subject of this article. Relevant financial activities outside the submitted work are as follows. I.K. has received honoraria from Astellas, Chugai Pharmaceutical, Daiichi Sankyo, Dainippon Sumitomo Pharma, Eisai, Eli Lilly, Janssen Pharmaceutical, Kyowa Hakko Kirin, Meiji Seika Pharma, MSD, Nippon Chemiphar, Novartis Pharma, Ono Pharmaceutical, Otsuka Pharmaceutical, Pfizer, Tanabe Mitsubishi Pharma, Shionogi and Yoshitomiyakuhin; has received research/grant support from AbbVie GK, Asahi Kasei Pharma, Astellas, Boehringer Ingelheim, Chugai Pharmaceutical, Daiichi Sankyo, Dainippon Sumitomo Pharma, Eisai, Eli Lilly, GlaxoSmithKline, Kyowa Hakko Kirin, Meiji Seika Pharma, MSD, Novartis Pharma, Ono Pharmaceutical, Otsuka Pharmaceutical, Pfizer, Takeda Pharmaceutical, Tanabe Mitsubishi Pharma, Shionogi and Yoshitomiyakuhin; and is a member of the advisory boards of Dainippon Sumitomo Pharma and Tanabe Mitsubishi Pharma. Y.T. has received speaker's honoraria from Dainippon-Sumitomo Pharma, Otsuka, Meiji-Seika Pharma, Janssen Pharmaceutical, Daiichi-Sankyo Company, UCB Japan and Ono Pharmaceutical. K.U. has received honoraria from Dainippon Sumitomo Pharma, Eisai, Eli Lilly, Janssen Pharmaceutical, Kyowa Hakko Kirin, Meiji Seika Pharma, MSD, Takeda Pharmaceutical, Hisamitsu Pharmaceutical, Otsuka Pharmaceutical, Pfizer, Tanabe Mitsubishi Pharma, Shionogi and Yoshitomiyakuhin. B.Y. has received speaker's honoraria from Otsuka Pharmaceutical and Janssen Pharmaceutical. J. I. has received honoraria from Dainippon Sumitomo Pharma, Eli Lilly, Janssen Pharmaceutical, Meiji Seika Pharma, MSD, Novartis Pharma, Otsuka Pharmaceutical and Mochida Pharma.
Bringing Regional Heritage Sites Into 3D Virtual Environments: Cost-Free Data Workflow and Multiple 3D Exhibition
- Edited by Mingquan Zhou
- Iza Romanowska, Zhongke Wu, Pengfei Xu, Philip Verhagen
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- Book:
- Revive the Past
- Published by:
- Amsterdam University Press
- Published online:
- 23 June 2021
- Print publication:
- 17 August 2012, pp 159-163
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Summary
Abstract
Today 3D laser scanning is a common technique for digital heritage preservation. We plan to widen the application of its usage to the preservation of regional heritage sites and in the same time, provide digitized 3D contents appealing to both local and general public, in order to enhance the sense of regional identity for the former and to promote tourism among the latter. Since there still remain cost and exhibition issues, we decided to use free, widely distributed software packages for all stages of data post-prcessing and 3D exhibitions. Meshlab and Google SketchUp with appropriate plug-ins are used for data postprocessing and conversion. Google Earth and realXtend are employed as online exhibition platforms and Partiview for offline form. We checked and established the data workflow processes that employed above listed softwares starting with initial 5 million point cloud data of nearby 7th century ancient tomb, and succeeded in providing desired exhibition forms.
Key Words: Laser scanning, 3D Modelling, 3D Exhibition
Project Outline
Project aim
The application of 3D laser scanning to digital preservation of heritage sites is now a popular and commonplace technique. Its results are proven to be of value for archaeological research and also for wider usage such as historical education.
Our plan is to apply this technique to local heritage sites in the region of Utsunomiya city and provide digitized 3D contents appealing to both local and general public. Today regional universities are encouraged to participate in and contribute to the local (not just academic) community. The distribution of public information to outer public is encouraged by the government.
Challenges
The use of 3D laser scanning has been common for some time now. However, when we considered widening the range of its application, there were still problems remaining, namely:
Cost: The cost of commercial laser scanning service including data post-processing is still too high for ordinary academic use, such that basically only large-budget projects for major heritage sites can afford it.
Limited exhibition: Many of the current virtual heritage software packages, either online or offline, are not widely distributed (Champion 2010, 17-18). This severely limits the possibilities of access for the general public.
Anti-atherogenic effect of soya and rice-protein isolate, compared with casein, in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice
- Weihua Ni, Yasuyuki Tsuda, Shinichiro Takashima, Hiroyoshi Sato, Masao Sato, Katsumi Imaizumi
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- Journal:
- British Journal of Nutrition / Volume 90 / Issue 1 / July 2003
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 07 June 2007, pp. 13-20
- Print publication:
- July 2003
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Our objective was to determine whether dietary plant proteins such as soya-protein isolate (SPI) and rice-protein isolate (RPI) compared with animal proteins, such as casein, could afford beneficial effects on atherosclerosis development in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice. In experiment 1, male and female mice were fed on a purified diet containing either casein, SPI or RPI for 9 weeks. The en face lesion area in the aorta (P < 0·05) and the lesion size in the aortic root (P < 0·05) in mice fed the casein-based diet were greater than those in the SPI or RPI groups. The plant protein groups had an increased concentration of serum l-arginine (P < 0·05) and NO metabolites (NO2 plus NO3) (P < 0·05) than did the casein group. The inhibitory effect of the plant proteins on the lesion formations was unrelated to gender and total serum cholesterol. In experiment 2, the l-arginine and l-methionine contents were the same in the l-arginine-supplemented casein-based and SPI-based diets, and between the l-methionine-supplemented SPI-based and the casein-based diets. Male mice were fed on the diets for 15 weeks. There were no significant differences in the en face lesion area and the lesion size between the casein group and the l-arginine-supplemented group, although the serum l-arginine (P < 0·05) and NO2 plus NO3 (P < 0·05) concentrations in the supplemented group were higher than those in the casein group. There were no significant effects of l-methionine supplementation on the lesion formations. In experiment 3, male mice were given the casein-based diet or the l-arginine-supplemented casein-based diet together with water or water containing an NO synthesis inhibitor for 9 weeks. When given the casein-based diet, the inhibitor drinking, compared with water drinking, resulted in a reduction of the serum NO2 plus NO3 concentration (P < 0·01) and an increase in the en face lesion area (P < 0·05) and the lesion size (P < 0·01). When given the l-arginine-supplemented diet, the inhibitor drinking, compared with water drinking, resulted in no increase in the lesion area and size. These results demonstrate anti-atherogenic potentials of SPI- as well as RPI-derived proteins, but their l-arginine and l-methionine contents were not sufficient enough to explain the underlying mechanism(s).
Effect of Starting Materials on the Synthesis of Tobermorite
- Hiroyoshi Sato, Michael Grutzeck
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- Journal:
- MRS Online Proceedings Library Archive / Volume 245 / 1991
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 15 February 2011, 235
- Print publication:
- 1991
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The effect of starting materials on the synthesis of tobermorite was studied using29Si MAS and CPMAS NMR Spectroscopy. Three Q2 and one Q3 peak were identified during the crystallization of tobermorite from C-S-H. C-S-H, which had a Ca/Si ratio >1, crystallized readily because this C-S-H consists of dimer and short chains of silica tetrahedra. This occurred whenever quartz was used as a starting material. C-S-H, which had a Ca/Si ratio <1 was harder to crystallize because this C-S-H consists of long and cross-linked chains of tetrahedra. The latter was observed when amorphous silica was used as a starting material.
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