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Water use efficiency and yield responses of Cenchrus purpureus genotypes under irrigation
- R. E. P. Ribeiro, A. C. L. Mello, M. V. Cunha, M. V. F. Santos, S. B. M. Costa, J. J. Coelho, R. O. Carvalho, V. J. Silva
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- Journal:
- The Journal of Agricultural Science / Volume 161 / Issue 4 / August 2023
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 07 September 2023, pp. 572-580
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In tropical regions, water stress is one of the main causes of the reduction in forage productivity, and irrigation strategies can mitigate the problem, especially for highly productive species. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of irrigation, genotype and plant size on productive responses and water use efficiency (WUE) of elephant grass (Cenchrus purpureus [Schumach.] Morrone), in the rainy and dry season. The experimental design was randomized in blocks, arranged in split plots, the main plots were established based on the use of irrigation and the subplots were the tall-sized genotypes (IRI 381 and Elephant B) and dwarfs (Taiwan A-146 2.37 and Mott). The genotypes were evaluated for two years and harvested every 60 days. Water use efficiency, total forage accumulation per year and harvest, forage accumulation rate and forage density were evaluated. There was a significant difference between the genotypes in terms of total forage accumulated (P < 0.05). The most productive genotype was IRI 381, which showed the greatest total forage accumulation (42 168 kg of DM/ha in two years) in the irrigated plots. During the rainy seasons, IRI 381 stood out in terms of forage accumulated (24 667 kg of DM/ha). Irrigation favoured increases in forage accumulation around 60%, in both years of evaluation. Irrigation and plant size influenced the productivity and WUE of elephant grass harvested in 60-day intervals. Tall genotypes and Taiwan A-146 2.37 (dwarf size) stood out in most of the productive traits analysed, while Mott was highlighted by its forage density.
DELUSION OF PREGNANCY IN PATIENT WITH MAJOR NEUROCOGNITIVE DISORDER: A CASE REPORT
- M. O. Pires, S. Mouta, I. Fonseca Vaz, B. Jesus, J. Nunes, A. Pissarra da Costa
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- Journal:
- European Psychiatry / Volume 66 / Issue S1 / March 2023
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 19 July 2023, pp. S939-S940
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Introduction
Delusion of pregnancy (DP) is a heterogeneous symptom that can emerge from different neuropsychiatric syndromes, including schizophrenia, bipolar disorders, but also major neurocognitive disorder (MND). According to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manuel of Mental Disorders-5 (DSM-5), DP is an unspecified type of delusional disorder present in the spectrum of schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders This type of delusion, which can affect both sexes, may have numerous determinants to its genesis and may last decades to resolve.
ObjectivesWe aim to present a case and review of DP and its association with dementia/MND, hyperprolactinemia and galactorrhea.
MethodsNon-systematic literature review and case report, based on the search for titles and/or abstracts of articles that address both DP and dementia, and DP and hyperprolactinemia/galactorrhea, including articles published between 2010 and 2022 in English.
ResultsA 71-year-old female patient was admitted to the Psychiatric unit due to a change in usual behavior in the past 6 months: insomnia, anterograde amnesia, delusions of ruin and persecutory and, for the past month, the belief of being pregnant with twins, supported by the galactorrhea she presented after starting Risperidone prescribed by her Family Doctor weeks prior. Shortly after admission, the patient also revealed hearing her fetuses’ voices. DP vanished briefly after admission due to the combination between the change of Risperidone to Aripiprazole (a prolactin-sparing antipsychotic) and psychotherapy to help deconstruct the patient’s cognitive misinterpretations. She was furthermore diagnosed with Alzheimer’s disease and Memantine was started.
ConclusionsThis patient, according to Bera et al. (Bera et.al. Indian J Psychol Med 2015;37:131-7) is part of the 28.6% of patients more than 50 years of age who present DP, 6.0% that report having twins and 8.3% that report hearing voices of their fetuses. No data was found correlating DP and MND directly. Hyperprolactinemia and its consequent galactorrhea represent one of the many explanations behind DP, especially in suggestible demented patients that easily misinterpret somatic sensations, in which delusional thoughts are frequent and contribute to the morbidity.
Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Care pathways and healthcare management in a COVID-19 triage psychiatric inpatient ward at south london and maudsley nhs foundation trust
- L. Rebolledo-Ojeda, J. Tweed, R. Williams, J. Aygeman, O. Khalid, M. Pinto Da Costa
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- Journal:
- European Psychiatry / Volume 64 / Issue S1 / April 2021
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 13 August 2021, p. S302
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Introduction
The COVID-19 pandemic has enforced the restructuring of inpatient psychiatric services. In the UK, the South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust has introduced a triage ward system to ensure all patients have a COVID test prior to admission to the general ward with the aim to reduce COVID transmission amongst psychiatric inpatients.
ObjectivesTo characterise the flow of patients through a COVID-19 psychiatric triage ward and the protocol of assessment and management used.
MethodsDescriptive analysis of patients admitted to a COVID-19 triage ward since its creation.
ResultsThe caseload of patients admitted to the COVID-19 triage ward since its inception will be presented. This will include the profile of patients admitted, their status (formal/informal) and their acceptance of COVID-19 tests. The protocol followed at this COVID-19 triage ward will be presented, and the challenges faced and suggestions to overcome them will be discussed.
ConclusionsThis presentation aims to share the workflow and protocols adopted at a COVID-19 triage ward in the UK, discussing challenges experienced as well as good practices.
Conflict of interestNo significant relationships.
Single-dose treatment for cutaneous leishmaniasis with an easily synthesized chalcone entrapped in polymeric microparticles
- Ariane J. Sousa-Batista, Natalia Arruda-Costa, Douglas O. Escrivani, Franceline Reynaud, Patrick G. Steel, Bartira Rossi-Bergmann
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- Journal:
- Parasitology / Volume 147 / Issue 9 / August 2020
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 04 May 2020, pp. 1032-1037
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Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is a major health problem in many countries and its current treatment involves multiple parenteral injections with toxic drugs and requires intensive health services. Previously, the efficacy of a single subcutaneous injection with a slow-release formulation consisting of poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) microparticles loaded with an antileishmanial 3-nitro-2-hydroxy-4,6-dimethoxychalcone (CH8) was demonstrated in mice model. In the search for more easily synthesized active chalcone derivatives, and improved microparticle loading, CH8 analogues were synthesized and tested for antileishmanial activity in vitro and in vivo. The 3-nitro-2′,4′,6′-trimethoxychalcone (NAT22) analogue was chosen for its higher selectivity against intracellular amastigotes (selectivity index = 1489, as compared with 317 for CH8) and more efficient synthesis (89% yield, as compared with 18% for CH8). NAT22 was loaded into PLGA / polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) polymeric blend microspheres (NAT22-PLGAk) with average diameter of 1.9 μm. Although NAT22-PLGAk showed similar activity to free NAT22 in killing intracellular parasites in vitro (IC50 ~ 0.2 μm), in vivo studies in Leishmania amazonensis – infected mice demonstrated the significant superior efficacy of NAT22-PLGAk to reduce the parasite load. A single intralesional injection with NAT22-PLGAk was more effective than eight injections with free NAT22. Together, these results show that NAT22-PLGAk is a promising alternative for single-dose localized treatment of CL.
P-852 - Access to Information in Psychiatric Training (atiipt) Among the Delegates to the European Federation of Psychiatric Trainees (efpt) 2011 Forum
- J. Gama Marques, O. Andlauer, V. Banjac, S. Guloksuz, S. Jauhar, O. Kilic, M. Mitkovic, A. Nawka, C. Palumbo, M. Pantovic, M. Pinto da Costa, F. Riese, European Federation of Psychiatric Trainees Research Group
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- Journal:
- European Psychiatry / Volume 27 / Issue S1 / 2012
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 15 April 2020, p. 1
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Introduction
In the last decades, psychiatric training has undergone a major transformation due to the contribution of recent scientific developments in psychiatry. Nowadays, the information acquired during the Psychiatric training seems considerably variable in content and quality between different countries. However, data concerning access to information and also about the educational resources available to the trainees in Europe is very limited.
Objectives and aimsThe ATIIPT survey aimed to evaluate Psychiatric trainees’ access to published, online, senior's or industry's information in Europe.
MethodsA short paper questionnaire constituted of 7 questions (Appendix 1) was created by the members of the EFPT Research Working Group and passed to each delegate of the 32 countries represented at the 19th EFPT Forum in Prague, Czech Republic, on the 2nd of July 2011.
ResultsAccording to the ATIIPT results, access to information among Psychiatric trainees in Europe is heterogeneous. The most available resources are books and websites, and the most preferable resource is journals. Most of the trainees find their resources sufficient, with the main obstacles being related to low availability of journals and books, lack of time and help from seniors.
ConclusionsBetter access to information and more evidence in practice is warranted, since the introduction of novel approaches to access to information may create better psychiatrists in the future, encourage medical students to consider psychiatry as a potential career, and help reduce negative attitudes towards mental illness.
Dietary protein modulates digestive enzyme activities and gene expression in red tilapia juveniles
- W. M. Santos, L. S. Costa, J. F. López-Olmeda, N. C. S. Costa, F. A. C. Santos, C. G. Oliveira, H. O. Guilherme, R. N. Bahiense, R. K. Luz, P. A. P. Ribeiro
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It is known that the level of dietary protein modulates the enzymatic activity of the digestive tract of fish; however, its effect at the molecular level on these enzymes and the hormones regulating appetite has not been well characterised. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of CP on the activity of proteases and the expression of genes related to the ingestion and protein digestion of juveniles of red tilapia (Oreochromis sp.), as well as the effects on performance, protein retention and body composition of tilapia. A total of 240 juveniles (29.32 ± 5.19 g) were used, distributed across 20 tanks of 100 l in a closed recirculation system. The fish were fed to apparent satiety for 42 days using four isoenergetic diets with different CP levels (24%, 30%, 36% and 42%). The results indicate that fish fed the 30% CP diet exhibited a higher growth performance compared to those on the 42% CP diet (P < 0.05). Feed intake in fish fed 24% and 30% CP diets was significantly higher than that in fish fed 36% and 42% CP diets (P < 0.05). A significant elevation of protein retention was observed in fish fed with 24% and 30% CP diets. Fish fed with 24% CP exhibited a significant increase in lipid deposition in the whole body. The diet with 42% CP was associated with the highest expression of pepsinogen and the lowest activity of acid protease (P < 0.05). The expression of hepatopancreatic trypsinogen increased as CP levels in the diet increased (P < 0.05) up to 36%, whereas trypsin activity showed a significant reduction with 42% CP (P < 0.05). The diet with 42% CP was associated with the lowest intestinal chymotrypsinogen expression and the lowest chymotrypsin activity (P < 0.05). α-amylase expression decreased with increasing (P < 0.05) CP levels up to 36%. No significant differences were observed in the expression of procarboxypeptidase, lipase or leptin among all the groups (P > 0.05). In addition, the diet with 42% CP resulted in a decrease (P < 0.05) in the expression of ghrelin and insulin and an increase (P < 0.05) in the expression of cholecystokinin and peptide yy. It is concluded that variation in dietary protein promoted changes in the metabolism of the red tilapia, which was reflected in proteolytic activity and expression of digestion and appetite-regulating genes.
To which countries do European psychiatric trainees want to move to and why?
- M. Pinto da Costa, A. Giurgiuca, K. Holmes, E. Biskup, T. Mogren, S. Tomori, O. Kilic, V. Banjac, R. Molina-Ruiz, C. Palumbo, D. Frydecka, J. Kaaja, E. El-Higaya, A. Kanellopoulos, B.H. Amit, D. Madissoon, E. Andreou, I. Uleviciute-Belena, I. Rakos, J. Dragasek, K. Feffer, M. Farrugia, M. Mitkovic-Voncina, T. Gargot, F. Baessler, M. Pantovic-Stefanovic, L. De Picker
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- European Psychiatry / Volume 45 / September 2017
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 23 March 2020, pp. 174-181
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Background:
There is a shortage of psychiatrists worldwide. Within Europe, psychiatric trainees can move between countries, which increases the problem in some countries and alleviates it in others. However, little is known about the reasons psychiatric trainees move to another country.
Methods:Survey of psychiatric trainees in 33 European countries, exploring how frequently psychiatric trainees have migrated or want to migrate, their reasons to stay and leave the country, and the countries where they come from and where they move to. A 61-item self-report questionnaire was developed, covering questions about their demographics, experiences of short-term mobility (from 3 months up to 1 year), experiences of long-term migration (of more than 1 year) and their attitudes towards migration.
Results:A total of 2281 psychiatric trainees in Europe participated in the survey, of which 72.0% have ‘ever’ considered to move to a different country in their future, 53.5% were considering it ‘now’, at the time of the survey, and 13.3% had already moved country. For these immigrant trainees, academic was the main reason they gave to move from their country of origin. For all trainees, the overall main reason for which they would leave was financial (34.4%), especially in those with lower (<500€) incomes (58.1%), whereas in those with higher (>2500€) incomes, personal reasons were paramount (44.5%).
Conclusions:A high number of psychiatric trainees considered moving to another country, and their motivation largely reflects the substantial salary differences. These findings suggest tackling financial conditions and academic opportunities.
Should I stay or should I go? Mobility and migration among psychiatric trainees in Europe – EFPT Brain Drain Survey
- M. Pinto da Costa, E. Biskup, A. Giurgiuca, J. Kaaja, Ö. Kilic, T. Mogren, M. Stoyanova, V. Banjac, S. Tomori, E. European Federation of Psychiatric Trainees
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- European Psychiatry / Volume 33 / Issue S1 / March 2016
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 23 March 2020, p. S176
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Introduction
Workforce migration of mental health professionals seems to have a significant impact on mental health services, both in the donor and host countries. Nevertheless, information on migration in junior doctors within Europe is very limited. Therefore, the European Federation of Psychiatric Trainees (EFPT) has conducted the Brain Drain Survey.
ObjectivesTo identify, in junior doctors training in psychiatry, the impact of international short-term mobility experiences, towards a future workforce migration across countries, exploring its patterns and reasons.
MethodsIn this cross-sectional international study, data were collected from 2281 psychiatric trainees in 33 countries. All participants answered to the EFPT Brain Drain Survey reporting their attitudes and experiences on mobility and migration.
ResultsOnly one-third of the trainees had a short-mobility experience in their lifetime, being education the main purpose for these experiences. Interestingly, the main predictors for future migratory tendency were not only the having a income and being dissatisfied with this income, but having a short-mobility experience. In fact, people that had short-mobility experiences were two times more likely to express a migratory tendency. Trainees that went abroad were predominantly satisfied with their experiences, reporting that these influenced their attitudes towards migration, positively.
ConclusionsThese findings show that short-term mobility has a positive impact into future long-term migration, increasing its probability.
Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Broilers’ behavioural adjustments when submitted to natural heat stress and fed different maize particle sizes in the diet
- M. M. Santos, J. B. F. Souza-Junior, J. P. A. F. Queiroz, M. K. O. Costa, H. F. F. Lima, A. M. V. Arruda, L. L. M. Costa
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- Journal:
- The Journal of Agricultural Science / Volume 157 / Issue 9-10 / December 2019
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 20 March 2020, pp. 743-748
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Since behavioural adjustments are an important line of defence against thermal stress, either due to their energy efficiency or to efficiency at preventing overheating, we aimed to evaluate whether broilers fed different maize particle sizes adjusted their behaviour to deal with heat stress challenges. At several times a day, the behaviour of 220 naked neck broilers was evaluated. These broilers were fed with isonutritive diets containing maize with different geometric mean diameters (GMD): 605 and 2280 μm. The thermal environment was monitored during the experiment. Panting and open wings were the only behaviours that showed differences between the times of day (P < 0.05). However, GMD showed a significant effect on feed intake and panting (P < 0.05). The interaction between GMD and time of day was significant only on panting (P < 0.05). Although no daily variation was observed, the highest feed intake was observed in broilers fed the diet containing maize with a GMD of 2280 μm. Less than 5% of the broilers were observed drinking water during the day. Open wings was the behavioural adjustment most used by broilers from 10:00 h, and remained elevated until 14:00 h for both GMDs. The birds panted more when fed the diet containing maize with a GMD of 2280 μm. In conclusion, broilers adjust their behaviour to dissipate excess body heat from the environment and as a result of feed intake. Coarse particles of maize in the diet increase the thermal challenge of broilers since the environment also provides stressful thermal conditions.
The population of planetary nebulae near the Galactic Centre: chemical abundances
- M. Mollá, O. Cavichia, R. D. D. Costa, W. J. Maciel
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- Journal:
- Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union / Volume 12 / Issue S323 / October 2016
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 08 August 2017, pp. 339-340
- Print publication:
- October 2016
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In this work, we report physical parameters and abundances derived for a sample of 15 high extinction planetary nebulae located in the inner 2° of the Galactic bulge, based on low dispersion spectroscopy secured at the SOAR telescope using the Goodman spectrograph. The new data allow us to extend our database including older, weaker objects that are at the faint end of the planetary nebulae luminosity function. The data provide chemical compositions for PNe located in this region of the bulge to explore the chemical enrichment history of the central region of the Galactic bulge. The results show that the abundances of our sample are skewed to higher metallicities than previous data in the outer regions of the bulge. This can indicate a faster chemical enrichment taking place at the Galactic centre.
DESAlert: Enabling Real-Time Transient Follow-Up with Dark Energy Survey Data
- A. Poci, K. Kuehn, T. Abbott, F. B. Abdalla, S. Allam, A.H. Bauer, A. Benoit-Lévy, E. Bertin, D. Brooks, P. J. Brown, E. Buckley-Geer, D. L. Burke, A. Carnero Rosell, M. Carrasco Kind, R. Covarrubias, L. N. da Costa, C. B. D’Andrea, D. L. DePoy, S. Desai, J. P. Dietrich, C. E Cunha, T. F. Eifler, J. Estrada, A. E. Evrard, A. Fausti Neto, D. A. Finley, B. Flaugher, P. Fosalba, J. Frieman, D. Gerdes, D. Gruen, R. A. Gruendl, K. Honscheid, D. James, N. Kuropatkin, O. Lahav, T. S. Li, M. March, J. Marshall, K. W. Merritt, C.J. Miller, R. C. Nichol, B. Nord, R. Ogando, A. A. Plazas, A. K. Romer, A. Roodman, E. S. Rykoff, M. Sako, E. Sanchez, V. Scarpine, M. Schubnell, I. Sevilla, C. Smith, M. Soares-Santos, F. Sobreira, E. Suchyta, M. E. C. Swanson, G. Tarle, J. Thaler, R. C. Thomas, D. Tucker, A. R. Walker, W. Wester, (The DES Collaboration)
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- Journal:
- Publications of the Astronomical Society of Australia / Volume 33 / 2016
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 30 September 2016, e049
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The Dark Energy Survey is undertaking an observational programme imaging 1/4 of the southern hemisphere sky with unprecedented photometric accuracy. In the process of observing millions of faint stars and galaxies to constrain the parameters of the dark energy equation of state, the Dark Energy Survey will obtain pre-discovery images of the regions surrounding an estimated 100 gamma-ray bursts over 5 yr. Once gamma-ray bursts are detected by, e.g., the Swift satellite, the DES data will be extremely useful for follow-up observations by the transient astronomy community. We describe a recently-commissioned suite of software that listens continuously for automated notices of gamma-ray burst activity, collates information from archival DES data, and disseminates relevant data products back to the community in near-real-time. Of particular importance are the opportunities that non-public DES data provide for relative photometry of the optical counterparts of gamma-ray bursts, as well as for identifying key characteristics (e.g., photometric redshifts) of potential gamma-ray burst host galaxies. We provide the functional details of the DESAlert software, and its data products, and we show sample results from the application of DESAlert to numerous previously detected gamma-ray bursts, including the possible identification of several heretofore unknown gamma-ray burst hosts.
Body adiposity and bone parameters of male rats from mothers fed diet containing flaxseed flour during lactation
- C. A. S. da Costa, P. C. A. da Silva, D. C. Ribeiro, A. D. D. Pereira, A. d. S. d. Santos, L. d. A. Maia, L. D. G. Ruffoni, F. C. de Santana, M. D. C. de Abreu, B. F. d. C. Boueri, C. R. Pessanha, K. O. Nonaka, J. Mancini-Filho, C. C. A. do Nascimento-Saba, G. T. Boaventura
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- Journal:
- Journal of Developmental Origins of Health and Disease / Volume 7 / Issue 3 / June 2016
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 07 December 2015, pp. 314-319
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Obesity and osteoporosis may have their origins in early postnatal life. This study was designed to evaluate whether flaxseed flour use during lactation period bears effect on body adiposity and skeletal structure of male rat pups at weaning. At birth, male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to control and experimental (FF) groups, whose dams were treated with control or flaxseed flour diet, respectively, during lactation. At 21 days of age, pups were weaned to assess body mass, length and composition by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. The animals were then sacrificed to carry out analysis of serum profile, intra-abdominal adipocyte morphology and femur characteristics. Differences were considered significant when P<0.05. The FF group displayed the following characteristics (P<0.05): higher body mass, length, bone mineral content, bone area and concentrations of osteoprotegerin, osteocalcin and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; higher levels of stearic, α-linolenic, eicosapentaenoic and docosapentaenoic acids and lower levels of arachidonic acid and cholesterol; smaller adipocyte area; and higher mass, epiphysis distance, diaphysis width, maximal load, break load, resilience and stiffness of femur. Flaxseed flour intake during lactation period promoted adipocyte hypertrophy down-regulation and contributed to pup bone quality at weaning.
Preliminary design of the INPE's Solar Vector Magnetograph
- L. E. A. Vieira, A. L. Clúa de Gonzalez, A. Dal Lago, C. Wrasse, E. Echer, F. L. Guarnieri, F. Reis Cardoso, G. Guerrero, J. Rezende Costa, J. Palacios, L. Balmaceda, L. Ribeiro Alves, L. da Silva, L. L. Costa, M. Sampaio, M. C. Rabello Soares, M. Barbosa, M. Domingues, N. Rigozo, O. Mendes, Jr., P. Jauer, R. Dallaqua, R. H. Branco, T. Stekel, W. Gonzalez, W. Kabata
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- Journal:
- Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union / Volume 10 / Issue S305 / December 2014
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 24 July 2015, pp. 195-199
- Print publication:
- December 2014
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We describe the preliminary design of a magnetograph and visible-light imager instrument to study the solar dynamo processes through observations of the solar surface magnetic field distribution. The instrument will provide measurements of the vector magnetic field and of the line-of-sight velocity in the solar photosphere. As the magnetic field anchored at the solar surface produces most of the structures and energetic events in the upper solar atmosphere and significantly influences the heliosphere, the development of this instrument plays an important role in reaching the scientific goals of The Atmospheric and Space Science Coordination (CEA) at the Brazilian National Institute for Space Research (INPE). In particular, the CEA's space weather program will benefit most from the development of this technology. We expect that this project will be the starting point to establish a strong research program on Solar Physics in Brazil. Our main aim is acquiring progressively the know-how to build state-of-the-art solar vector magnetograph and visible-light imagers for space-based platforms to contribute to the efforts of the solar-terrestrial physics community to address the main unanswered questions on how our nearby Star works.
Paediatric dilated cardiomyopathy: clinical profile and outcome. The experience of a tertiary centre for paediatric cardiology
- Joana O. Miranda, Liane Costa, Esmeralda Rodrigues, Elisa L. Teles, Maria J. Baptista, José C. Areias
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- Journal:
- Cardiology in the Young / Volume 25 / Issue 2 / February 2015
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 15 January 2014, pp. 333-337
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Dilated cardiomyopathy is the most common form of cardiomyopathy in the paediatric population and an important cause of heart transplantation in children. The clinical profile and course of dilated cardiomyopathy in children have been poorly characterised. A retrospective review of 61 patients (37 female; 24 male) diagnosed with dilated cardiomyopathy from January, 2005 to June, 2012 at a single institution was performed. The median age at diagnosis was 15 months. Heart failure was present in 83.6% of patients and 44.3% required intensive care. The most prevalent causes were idiopathic (47.5%), viral myocarditis (18.0%) and inherited metabolic diseases (11.5%). In viral myocarditis, Parvovirus B19 was the most common identified agent, in concurrence with the increasing incidence documented recently. Inherited metabolic diseases were responsible for 11.5% of dilated cardiomyopathy cases compared with the 4–6% described in the literature, which reinforces the importance of considering this aetiology in differential diagnosis of paediatric dilated cardiomyopathy. The overall mortality rate was 16.1% and five patients underwent heart transplantation. In our series, age at diagnosis and aetiology were the most important prognosis factors. We report no mortality in the five patients who underwent heart transplantation, after 2 years of follow-up.
Physiological, morphological, and immunochemical parameters used for the characterization of clinical and environmental isolates of Acanthamoeba
- A. BECKER-FINCO, A. O. COSTA, S. K. SILVA, J. S. RAMADA, C. FURST, A. E. STINGHEN, B. C. DE FIGUEIREDO, J. DE MOURA, L. M. ALVARENGA
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- Journal:
- Parasitology / Volume 140 / Issue 3 / March 2013
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 09 November 2012, pp. 396-405
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The factors that characterize Acanthamoeba strains as harmless or potentially pathogenic have not been elucidated. Analysing the in vitro and in vivo parameters of Acanthamoeba samples, including heat tolerance at temperatures close to that of the human body, cytopathic effects, and their ability to cause infections in animals, has been proposed to identify their pathogenic potential. Another promising criterion for differentiating strains is the analysis of their biochemical and immunochemical properties. In this study, a comparative evaluation between clinical and environmental Acanthamoeba isolates was performed on the basis of physiological, morphological, and immunochemical criteria. Crude antigens were used to characterize the protein profiles by electrophoresis and immunize mice to produce polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies. The antibodies were characterized using ELISA, Western blotting, and immunofluorescence techniques. The results obtained with polyclonal antibodies suggest the presence of specific proteins for each studied isolate and co-reactive immunochemical profiles among conserved components. Ten monoclonal antibody clones were obtained; mAb3 recognized 3 out of 4 samples studied. The results of this study may help standardize criteria for identifying and characterizing Acanthamoeba strains. Taken together, our results support the view that a set of features may help differentiate Acanthamoeba species and isolates.
Order-disorder phenomena from X-ray diffraction in FeCo alloys annealed and ground at high energy
- J. M. Loureiro, A. C. Batista, V. A. Khomchenko, B. F. O. Costa, G. Le Caër
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- Journal:
- Powder Diffraction / Volume 26 / Issue 3 / September 2011
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 05 March 2012, pp. 267-272
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Order-disorder transformations were studied in annealed and high-energy ball-milled near-equiatomic FeCo alloys. X-ray diffraction with Co Kα radiation enables to follow disordering with milling time because of anomalous dispersion.
Concordance between personality disorder assessment methods
- G. Nestadt, C. Di, J. F. Samuels, Y.-J. Cheng, O. J. Bienvenu, I. M. Reti, P. Costa, W. W. Eaton, K. Bandeen-Roche
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- Journal:
- Psychological Medicine / Volume 42 / Issue 3 / March 2012
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 24 August 2011, pp. 657-667
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Background
Studies have criticized the low level of agreement between the various methods of personality disorder (PD) assessment. This is an important issue for research and clinical purposes.
MethodSeven hundred and forty-two participants in the Hopkins Epidemiology of Personality Disorders Study (HEPS) were assessed on two occasions using the Personality Disorder Schedule (PDS) and the International Personality Disorder Examination (IPDE). The concordance between the two diagnostic methods for all DSM-IV PDs was assessed using standard methods and also two item response analytic approaches designed to take account of measurement error: a latent trait-based approach and a generalized estimating equations (GEE)-based approach, with post-hoc adjustment.
ResultsRaw criteria counts, using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), κ and odds ratio (OR), showed poor concordance. The more refined statistical methods showed a moderate to moderately high level of concordance between the methods for most PDs studied. Overall, the PDS produced lower prevalences of traits but higher precision of measurement than the IPDE. Specific criteria within each PD showed varying endorsement thresholds and precision for ascertaining the disorder.
ConclusionsConcordance in the raw measurement of the individual PD criteria between the two clinical methods is lacking. However, based on two statistical methods that adjust for differential endorsement thresholds and measurement error in the assessments, we deduce that the PD constructs themselves can be measured with a moderate degree of confidence regardless of the clinical approach used. This may suggest that the individual criteria for each PD are, in and of themselves, less specific for diagnosis, but as a group the criteria for each PD usefully identify specific PD constructs.
Piglets’ weaning behavioural response is influenced by quality of human–animal interactions during suckling
- R. Sommavilla, M. J. Hötzel, O. A. Dalla Costa
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The aim of this study was to compare the short-term post-weaning behaviour of piglets treated either neutrally or aversively during the suckling period. A total of 24 lactating sows and their litters were housed in different rooms according to treatment. A female experimenter (P1) was in charge of feeding and cleaning from days 10 to 27 after birth. For the aversive treatment (Aver), P1 was noisy, moved harshly and unpredictably and shouted frequently during routine cleaning of facilities and animal handling. For the neutral treatment (Neut), P1 used a soft tone of voice and was careful during the same routine. At weaning, the avoidance response of piglets to an approaching experimenter in a novel place was assessed in four piglets from each litter. Scores ranged from 1 (experimenter could touch piglet) to 4 (piglet escaped as soon as person moved). The test was repeated twice, with a 1-h interval, with P1, who wore blue trousers and white T-shirt, and a second handler unfamiliar to the piglets (P2, who wore blue coveralls). Thereafter, litters from the same treatment were mixed and housed in separate rooms, balanced for gender and live weight (n = 12 groups of 4 piglets/treatment). Behaviour time budgets were registered by scan sampling every 2-min, for 4 h per day, for 4 days. Piglets were weighed at birth, at weaning and on day 5. Effects of treatment and handler on responses to the avoidance test were analysed with non-parametric tests and effects of treatment with a mixed model for repeated measures. Avoidance score was higher for Aver than Neut piglets when tested with P1 (P = 0.04) but not with P2 (P = 0.8). When piglets’ responses to the different handlers were compared within each treatment, no significant differences were found. Frequencies of resting were lower (P < 0.001), whereas escape attempts (P < 0.03), agonistic interactions (P < 0.02) and frequency of presence at feeder (P < 0.001) were higher in the Aver than in the Neut groups. Feed and water intake and weight gain did not differ between treatments. We conclude that 4-week-old piglets can discriminate a handler according to the nature of treatment received during suckling. In addition, piglets treated aversively seem to have more difficulty adapting to weaning than those treated neutrally during the suckling period.
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- By Rose Teteki Abbey, K. C. Abraham, David Tuesday Adamo, LeRoy H. Aden, Efrain Agosto, Victor Aguilan, Gillian T. W. Ahlgren, Charanjit Kaur AjitSingh, Dorothy B E A Akoto, Giuseppe Alberigo, Daniel E. Albrecht, Ruth Albrecht, Daniel O. Aleshire, Urs Altermatt, Anand Amaladass, Michael Amaladoss, James N. Amanze, Lesley G. Anderson, Thomas C. Anderson, Victor Anderson, Hope S. Antone, María Pilar Aquino, Paula Arai, Victorio Araya Guillén, S. Wesley Ariarajah, Ellen T. Armour, Brett Gregory Armstrong, Atsuhiro Asano, Naim Stifan Ateek, Mahmoud Ayoub, John Alembillah Azumah, Mercedes L. García Bachmann, Irena Backus, J. Wayne Baker, Mieke Bal, Lewis V. Baldwin, William Barbieri, António Barbosa da Silva, David Basinger, Bolaji Olukemi Bateye, Oswald Bayer, Daniel H. Bays, Rosalie Beck, Nancy Elizabeth Bedford, Guy-Thomas Bedouelle, Chorbishop Seely Beggiani, Wolfgang Behringer, Christopher M. Bellitto, Byard Bennett, Harold V. Bennett, Teresa Berger, Miguel A. Bernad, Henley Bernard, Alan E. Bernstein, Jon L. Berquist, Johannes Beutler, Ana María Bidegain, Matthew P. Binkewicz, Jennifer Bird, Joseph Blenkinsopp, Dmytro Bondarenko, Paulo Bonfatti, Riet en Pim Bons-Storm, Jessica A. Boon, Marcus J. Borg, Mark Bosco, Peter C. Bouteneff, François Bovon, William D. Bowman, Paul S. Boyer, David Brakke, Richard E. Brantley, Marcus Braybrooke, Ian Breward, Ênio José da Costa Brito, Jewel Spears Brooker, Johannes Brosseder, Nicholas Canfield Read Brown, Robert F. Brown, Pamela K. Brubaker, Walter Brueggemann, Bishop Colin O. Buchanan, Stanley M. Burgess, Amy Nelson Burnett, J. Patout Burns, David B. Burrell, David Buttrick, James P. Byrd, Lavinia Byrne, Gerado Caetano, Marcos Caldas, Alkiviadis Calivas, William J. Callahan, Salvatore Calomino, Euan K. Cameron, William S. Campbell, Marcelo Ayres Camurça, Daniel F. Caner, Paul E. Capetz, Carlos F. Cardoza-Orlandi, Patrick W. Carey, Barbara Carvill, Hal Cauthron, Subhadra Mitra Channa, Mark D. Chapman, James H. Charlesworth, Kenneth R. Chase, Chen Zemin, Luciano Chianeque, Philip Chia Phin Yin, Francisca H. Chimhanda, Daniel Chiquete, John T. Chirban, Soobin Choi, Robert Choquette, Mita Choudhury, Gerald Christianson, John Chryssavgis, Sejong Chun, Esther Chung-Kim, Charles M. A. Clark, Elizabeth A. Clark, Sathianathan Clarke, Fred Cloud, John B. Cobb, W. Owen Cole, John A Coleman, John J. Collins, Sylvia Collins-Mayo, Paul K. Conkin, Beth A. Conklin, Sean Connolly, Demetrios J. Constantelos, Michael A. Conway, Paula M. Cooey, Austin Cooper, Michael L. Cooper-White, Pamela Cooper-White, L. William Countryman, Sérgio Coutinho, Pamela Couture, Shannon Craigo-Snell, James L. Crenshaw, David Crowner, Humberto Horacio Cucchetti, Lawrence S. Cunningham, Elizabeth Mason Currier, Emmanuel Cutrone, Mary L. Daniel, David D. Daniels, Robert Darden, Rolf Darge, Isaiah Dau, Jeffry C. Davis, Jane Dawson, Valentin Dedji, John W. de Gruchy, Paul DeHart, Wendy J. Deichmann Edwards, Miguel A. De La Torre, George E. Demacopoulos, Thomas de Mayo, Leah DeVun, Beatriz de Vasconcellos Dias, Dennis C. Dickerson, John M. Dillon, Luis Miguel Donatello, Igor Dorfmann-Lazarev, Susanna Drake, Jonathan A. Draper, N. Dreher Martin, Otto Dreydoppel, Angelyn Dries, A. J. Droge, Francis X. D'Sa, Marilyn Dunn, Nicole Wilkinson Duran, Rifaat Ebied, Mark J. Edwards, William H. Edwards, Leonard H. Ehrlich, Nancy L. Eiesland, Martin Elbel, J. Harold Ellens, Stephen Ellingson, Marvin M. Ellison, Robert Ellsberg, Jean Bethke Elshtain, Eldon Jay Epp, Peter C. Erb, Tassilo Erhardt, Maria Erling, Noel Leo Erskine, Gillian R. Evans, Virginia Fabella, Michael A. Fahey, Edward Farley, Margaret A. Farley, Wendy Farley, Robert Fastiggi, Seena Fazel, Duncan S. Ferguson, Helwar Figueroa, Paul Corby Finney, Kyriaki Karidoyanes FitzGerald, Thomas E. FitzGerald, John R. Fitzmier, Marie Therese Flanagan, Sabina Flanagan, Claude Flipo, Ronald B. 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Yee, Viktor Yelensky, Yeo Khiok-Khng, Gustav K. K. Yeung, Angela Yiu, Amos Yong, Yong Ting Jin, You Bin, Youhanna Nessim Youssef, Eliana Yunes, Robert Michael Zaller, Valarie H. Ziegler, Barbara Brown Zikmund, Joyce Ann Zimmerman, Aurora Zlotnik, Zhuo Xinping
- Edited by Daniel Patte, Vanderbilt University, Tennessee
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- The Cambridge Dictionary of Christianity
- Published online:
- 05 August 2012
- Print publication:
- 20 September 2010, pp xi-xliv
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An alternative method for DNA extraction and PCR identification of Entamoeba histolytica and E. dispar in fecal samples
- E. N. VIANNA, J. O. COSTA, C. K. S. SANTOS, M. C. CURY, E. F. SILVA, A. O. COSTA, M. A. GOMES
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- Parasitology / Volume 136 / Issue 7 / June 2009
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 02 June 2009, pp. 765-769
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Since it is known that Entamoeba dispar is non-pathogenic and morphologically similar to E. histolytica, there are many targets used in PCR for differentiating these species. However, obtaining high quality DNA from fecal samples is fundamental for PCR. Most methods are laborious or use kits that make diagnosis expensive. In the present work, a new simple, fast and cheap technique of DNA extraction from fecal samples was combined with a PCR for an episomal target in order to identify E. histolytica and E. dispar in feces.
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