65 results
The use of new technology in prevention and treatment of psychiatric diseases - preliminary results
- A. Häussl, F. Fellendorf, E. Fleischmann, S. Guggemos, E. Schönthaler, T. Stross, I. Zwigl, D. Albert, J. Mosbacher, K. Stix, S. Draxler, G. Lodron, T. Orgel, M. Pszeida, S. Russegger, M. Schneeberger, M. Uray, W. Weiss, M. Fellner, T. Fruhmann, R. Hartmann, P. Hauptmann, R. Pfiszter, G. Pötz, U. Prattner, N. Saran, S. Spat, E. Zweytik, T. Lutz, S. Lindner-Rabl, R. Roller-Wirnsberger, S. Schüssler, J. Zuschnegg, K. Ceron, M. Danilov, C. Grossegger, M. Macher, O. Sokolov, S. Egger-Lampl, B. Roszipal, L. Paletta, M. Lenger, N. Dalkner, E. Reininghaus
-
- Journal:
- European Psychiatry / Volume 66 / Issue S1 / March 2023
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 19 July 2023, pp. S853-S854
-
- Article
-
- You have access Access
- Open access
- Export citation
-
Introduction
The COVID-19 outbreak is a serious global public health issue with wide-ranging negative effects on people’s lives, which is reflected in steadily rising mental health problems. In order to appropriately respond to the increased occurrence of psychiatric illness, protect mental health and strengthen resilience it is necessary to include new technologies, such as extended reality (XR) or socially assistive robots (SAR) in not only psychiatric treatment but also in the prevention of psychiatric diseases. In this context, the use of new technologies offers innovative ways to strengthen resilience, self-efficacy and stress coping skills and plays an important role in improving psychological wellbeing.
ObjectivesPreliminary results from studies at the Clinical Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine in Graz, Austria, dealing with new technologies in psychiatry, show new options for psychiatric settings.
MethodsProject AMIGA: The aim of this study is to test the effectiveness of a cognitive training session, conducted with the SAR named Pepper. In this randomized controlled trial, the effectiveness of SAR on depressive symptoms and correlates is evaluated in a sample of 60 individuals with major depression. While the intervention group will receive cognitive training with the SAR Pepper, the control group will receive “treatment-as-usual” therapy with a common PC software. Participants will receive 30 minutes of training 2 times per week over a period of 3 weeks.
Project XRes4HEALTH: The aim of this study is to develop an XR resilience training to increase resilience and stress coping mechanisms in healthcare workers. A total of 40 people will be included. To test the effectiveness of the resilience training, 3 XR training sessions of 15 minutes each will be held. A pre-post measurement will test the effectiveness of the training on wellbeing and stress levels as well as the acceptance and satisfaction with the training.
Project AI-REFIT: The overall goal of this study is to explore key information to increase resilience in healthy individuals who are at increased risk for mental health problems. Through a usability study, the artificial intelligence-based prototype app of the resilience training will be tested for acceptance, usability, functionality, and efficiency. During the resilience training, participants are wearing a smartwatch which measures psychophysiological parameters. Conclusions about the success of the therapy can be drawn based on digital data acquisition.
ResultsNew technologies including XR and SAR support classical psychiatric treatment in the topics of resilience and cognitive training as an add-on therapy in times of reduced availability of healthcare workers.
ConclusionsThe rapid development of new technologies holds a lot of potential in the treatment of psychiatric disorders, which is why it is important to scientifically evaluate those innovative tools.
Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Multistate outbreak of Salmonella Poona infections associated with imported cucumbers, 2015–2016
- M. Laughlin, L. Bottichio, J. Weiss, J. Higa, E. McDonald, R. Sowadsky, D. Fejes, A. Saupe, G. Provo, S. Seelman, J. Concepción-Acevedo, L. Gieraltowski, The Outbreak Investigation Team
-
- Journal:
- Epidemiology & Infection / Volume 147 / 2019
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 12 September 2019, e270
-
- Article
-
- You have access Access
- Open access
- HTML
- Export citation
-
We investigated a large multistate outbreak that occurred in the United States in 2015–2016. Epidemiologic, laboratory, and traceback studies were conducted to determine the source of the infections. We identified 907 case-patients from 40 states with illness onset dates ranging from July 3, 2015 to March 2, 2016. Sixty-three percent of case-patients reported consuming cucumbers in the week before illness onset. Ten illness sub-clusters linked to events or purchase locations were identified. All sub-clusters investigated received cucumbers from a single distributor which were sourced from a single grower in Mexico. Seventy-five cucumber samples were collected, 19 of which yielded the outbreak strain. Whole genome sequencing performed on 154 clinical isolates and 19 cucumber samples indicated that the sequenced isolates were closely related genetically to one another. This was the largest US foodborne disease outbreak in the last ten years and the third largest in the past 20 years. This was at least the fifth multistate outbreak caused by contaminated cucumbers since 2010. The outbreak is noteworthy because a recall was issued only 17 days after the outbreak was identified, which allowed for the removal of the contaminated cucumbers still available in commerce, unlike previous cucumber associated outbreaks. The rapid identification and response of multiple public health agencies resulted in preventing this from becoming an even larger outbreak.
Nomenclature of the micas
- M. Rieder, G. Cavazzini, Yu. S. D’yakonov, V. A. Frank-Kamenetskii, G. Gottardi, S. Guggenheim, P. V. Koval’, G. Müller, A. M. R. Neiva, E. W. Radoslovich, J.-L. Robert, F. P. Sassi, H. Takeda, Z. Weiss, D. R. Wones
-
- Journal:
- Mineralogical Magazine / Volume 63 / Issue 2 / April 1999
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 05 July 2018, pp. 267-279
-
- Article
- Export citation
-
End-members and species defined with permissible ranges of composition are presented for the true micas, the brittle micas, and the interlayer-deficient micas. The determination of the crystallochemical formula for different available chemical data is outlined, and a system of modifiers and suffixes is given to allow the expression of unusual chemical substitutions or polytypic stacking arrangements. Tables of mica synonyms, varieties, ill-defined materials, and a list of names formerly or erroneously used for micas are presented. The Mica Subcommittee was appointed by the Commission on New Minerals and Mineral Names of the International Mineralogical Association. The definitions and recommendations presented were approved by the Commission.
Outbreak of non-tuberculous mycobacteria skin or soft tissue infections associated with handling fish – New York City, 2013–2014
- K. YACISIN, J. L. HSIEH, D. WEISS, J. ACKELSBERG, E. LEE, L. JONES, Y. L. LEUNG, L. LI, J. YUNG, S. SLAVINSKI, H. HANSON, A. RIDPATH, J. KORNBLUM, Y. LIN, S. ROBBE-AUSTERMAN, J. RAKEMAN, U. SIEMETZKI-KAPOOR, T. STUBER, S. K. GREENE
-
- Journal:
- Epidemiology & Infection / Volume 145 / Issue 11 / August 2017
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 20 June 2017, pp. 2269-2279
-
- Article
-
- You have access Access
- HTML
- Export citation
-
Mycobacterium marinum, a bacterium found in freshwater and saltwater, can infect persons with direct exposure to fish or aquariums. During December 2013, the New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene learned of four suspected or confirmed M. marinum skin or soft tissue infections (SSTIs) among persons who purchased whole fish from Chinese markets. Ninety-eight case-patients with non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) SSTIs were identified with onset June 2013–March 2014. Of these, 77 (79%) were female. The median age was 62 years (range 30–91). Whole genome sequencing of clinical isolates revealed two main clusters and marked genetic diversity. Environmental samples from distributors yielded NTM though not M. marinum. We compared 56 case-patients with 185 control subjects who shopped in Chinese markets, frequency-matched by age group and sex. Risk factors for infection included skin injury to the finger or hand (odds ratio [OR]: 15·5; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 6·9–37·3), hand injury while preparing fish or seafood (OR 8·3; 95% CI 3·8–19·1), and purchasing tilapia (OR 3·6; 95% CI 1·1–13·9) or whiting (OR 2·7; 95% CI 1·1–6·6). A definitive environmental outbreak source was not identified.
Personality Polygenes, Positive Affect, and Life Satisfaction
- Alexander Weiss, Bart M. L. Baselmans, Edith Hofer, Jingyun Yang, Aysu Okbay, Penelope A. Lind, Mike B. Miller, Ilja M. Nolte, Wei Zhao, Saskia P. Hagenaars, Jouke-Jan Hottenga, Lindsay K. Matteson, Harold Snieder, Jessica D. Faul, Catharina A. Hartman, Patricia A. Boyle, Henning Tiemeier, Miriam A. Mosing, Alison Pattie, Gail Davies, David C. Liewald, Reinhold Schmidt, Philip L. De Jager, Andrew C. Heath, Markus Jokela, John M. Starr, Albertine J. Oldehinkel, Magnus Johannesson, David Cesarini, Albert Hofman, Sarah E. Harris, Jennifer A. Smith, Liisa Keltikangas-Järvinen, Laura Pulkki-Råback, Helena Schmidt, Jacqui Smith, William G. Iacono, Matt McGue, David A. Bennett, Nancy L. Pedersen, Patrik K. E. Magnusson, Ian J. Deary, Nicholas G. Martin, Dorret I. Boomsma, Meike Bartels, Michelle Luciano
-
- Journal:
- Twin Research and Human Genetics / Volume 19 / Issue 5 / October 2016
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 22 August 2016, pp. 407-417
-
- Article
-
- You have access Access
- Open access
- HTML
- Export citation
-
Approximately half of the variation in wellbeing measures overlaps with variation in personality traits. Studies of non-human primate pedigrees and human twins suggest that this is due to common genetic influences. We tested whether personality polygenic scores for the NEO Five-Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI) domains and for item response theory (IRT) derived extraversion and neuroticism scores predict variance in wellbeing measures. Polygenic scores were based on published genome-wide association (GWA) results in over 17,000 individuals for the NEO-FFI and in over 63,000 for the IRT extraversion and neuroticism traits. The NEO-FFI polygenic scores were used to predict life satisfaction in 7 cohorts, positive affect in 12 cohorts, and general wellbeing in 1 cohort (maximal N = 46,508). Meta-analysis of these results showed no significant association between NEO-FFI personality polygenic scores and the wellbeing measures. IRT extraversion and neuroticism polygenic scores were used to predict life satisfaction and positive affect in almost 37,000 individuals from UK Biobank. Significant positive associations (effect sizes <0.05%) were observed between the extraversion polygenic score and wellbeing measures, and a negative association was observed between the polygenic neuroticism score and life satisfaction. Furthermore, using GWA data, genetic correlations of -0.49 and -0.55 were estimated between neuroticism with life satisfaction and positive affect, respectively. The moderate genetic correlation between neuroticism and wellbeing is in line with twin research showing that genetic influences on wellbeing are also shared with other independent personality domains.
Canadian Paediatric Neurology Workforce Survey and Consensus Statement
- Asif Doja, Serena L Orr, Hugh J McMillan, Adam Kirton, Paula Brna, Michael Esser, Richard Tang-Wai, Philippe Major, Chantal Poulin, Narayan Prasad, Kathryn Selby, Shelly K. Weiss, E. Ann Yeh, David JA Callen
-
- Journal:
- Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences / Volume 43 / Issue 3 / May 2016
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 20 January 2016, pp. 402-409
-
- Article
-
- You have access Access
- HTML
- Export citation
-
Background: Little knowledge exists on the availability of academic and community paediatric neurology positions. This knowledge is crucial for making workforce decisions. Our study aimed to: 1) obtain information regarding the availability of positions for paediatric neurologists in academic centres; 2) survey paediatric neurology trainees regarding their perceptions of employment issues and career plans; 3) survey practicing community paediatric neurologists 4) convene a group of paediatric neurologists to develop consensus regarding how to address these workforce issues. Methods: Surveys addressing workforce issues regarding paediatric neurology in Canada were sent to: 1) all paediatric neurology program directors in Canada (n=9) who then solicited information from division heads and from paediatric neurologists in surrounding areas; 2) paediatric neurology trainees in Canada (n=57) and; 3) community paediatric neurologists (n=27). A meeting was held with relevant stakeholders to develop a consensus on how to approach employment issues. Results: The response rate was 100% from program directors, 57.9% from residents and 44% from community paediatric neurologists. We found that the number of projected positions in academic paediatric neurology is fewer than the number of paediatric neurologists that are being trained over the next five to ten years, despite a clinical need for paediatric neurologists. Paediatric neurology residents are concerned about job availability and desire more career counselling. Conclusions: There is a current and projected clinical demand for paediatric neurologists despite a lack of academic positions. Training programs should focus on community neurology as a viable career option.
Pediatric Severe Sepsis/Septic Shock Associated with Healthcare-Associated Infections
- Sarah B. Klieger, Julie C. Fitzgerald, Scott L. Weiss, Fran Balamuth, Eva Teszner, Julia S. Sammons, Susan E. Coffin
-
- Journal:
- Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology / Volume 37 / Issue 4 / April 2016
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 16 December 2015, pp. 483-485
- Print publication:
- April 2016
-
- Article
- Export citation
Contributors
-
- By Agoston T. Agoston, Syed Z. Ali, Mahul B. Amin, Daniel A. Arber, Pedram Argani, Sylvia L. Asa, Rebecca N. Baergen, Zubair W. Baloch, Andrew M. Bellizzi, Kurt Benirschke, Allen Burke, Kenneth B. Calder, Karen L. Chang, Rebecca D. Chernock, Wang Cheung, Thomas V. Colby, Byron P. Croker, Ronald A. DeLellis, Edward F. DiCarlo, Ralph C. Eagle, Hormoz Ehya, Brett M. Elicker, Tarik M. Elsheikh, Robert E. Fechner, Linda D. Ferrell, Melina B. Flanagan, Douglas B. Flieder, Christopher S. Foster, Lillian Gaber, Karuna Garg, Kim R. Geisinger, Ryan M. Gill, Eric F. Glassy, David J. Glembocki, Zachary D. Goodman, Robert O. Greer, David J. Grignon, Gerardo E. Guiter, Kymberly A. Gyure, Ian S. Hagemann, Michael R. Henry, Jason L. Hornick, Ralph H. Hruban, Phyllis C. Huettner, Peter A. Humphrey, Olga B. Ioffe, Edward C. Klatt, Michael J. Klein, Ernest E. Lack, James N. Lampros, Lester J. Layfield, Robin D. LeGallo, Kevin O. Leslie, James S. Lewis, Virginia A. LiVolsi, Alberto M. Marchevsky, Anne Marie McNicol, Mitra Mehrad, Elizabeth Montgomery, Cesar A. Moran, Christopher A. Moskaluk, George J. Netto, G. Petur Nielsen, Robert D. Odze, Arthur S. Patchefsky, James W. Patterson, Elizabeth N. Pavlisko, John D. Pfeifer, Celeste N. Powers, Richard A. Prayson, Anja C. Roden, Victor L. Roggli, Andrew E. Rosenberg, Sherif Said, Margie A. Scott, Raja R. Seethala, Carlie S. Sigel, Jan F. Silverman, Bruce R. Smoller, Edward B. Stelow, Nora C. J. Sun, Mark W. Teague, Satish K. Tickoo, Thomas M. Ulbright, Paul E. Wakely, Jun Wang, Lawrence M. Weiss, Mark R. Wick, Howard H. Wu, Rhonda K. Yantiss, Charles Zaloudek, Yaxia Zhang, Xiaohui Sheila Zhao
- Edited by Mark R. Wick, University of Virginia, Virginia A. LiVolsi, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, John D. Pfeifer, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Edward B. Stelow, University of Virginia, Paul E. Wakely, Jr
-
- Book:
- Silverberg's Principles and Practice of Surgical Pathology and Cytopathology
- Published online:
- 13 March 2015
- Print publication:
- 26 March 2015, pp vii-x
-
- Chapter
- Export citation
Contributors
-
- By Andrew Adesman, Lenard A. Adler, Samuel Alperin, Kira E. Armstrong, L. Eugene Arnold, Amy F. T. Arnsten, Russell A. Barkley, Craig W. Berridge, Joseph Biederman, F. Xavier Castellanos, Barbara J. Coffey, Alison M. Cohn, C. Keith Conners, Joan M. Daughton, Stephen V. Faraone, John Fayyad, Lisa G. Hahn, Laura Hans, Elizabeth Hurt, Gagan Joshi, Rahil Jummani, Jesse M. Jun, Ronald C. Kessler, Scott Haden Kollins, Kimberly Kovacs, Christopher J. Kratochvil, Beth Krone, Nicholas Lofthouse, Michael J. Manos, Francis Joseph McClernon, Joel E. Morgan, Nicholas R. Morrison, Sonali Nanayakkara, Jeffrey H. Newcorn, Phillip L. Pearl, Juan D. Pedraza, Guy M. L. Perry, Steven R. Pliszka, Jefferson B. Prince, J. Russell Ramsay, Anthony L. Rostain, David M. Shaw, Mary V. Solanto, Mark A. Stein, Jonathan R. Stevens, Brigette S. Vaughan, Margaret Weiss, Roy E. Weiss, Timothy E. Wilens, Janet Wozniak
- Edited by Lenard A. Adler, New York University School of Medicine, Thomas J. Spencer, Timothy E. Wilens
-
- Book:
- Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in Adults and Children
- Published online:
- 05 February 2015
- Print publication:
- 08 January 2015, pp vii-x
-
- Chapter
- Export citation
13 - Mimics of ADHD
- Edited by Lenard A. Adler, New York University School of Medicine, Thomas J. Spencer, Timothy E. Wilens
-
- Book:
- Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in Adults and Children
- Published online:
- 05 February 2015
- Print publication:
- 08 January 2015, pp 150-160
-
- Chapter
- Export citation
Contributor affiliations
-
- By Frank Andrasik, Melissa R. Andrews, Ana Inés Ansaldo, Evangelos G. Antzoulatos, Lianhua Bai, Ellen Barrett, Linamara Battistella, Nicolas Bayle, Michael S. Beattie, Peter J. Beek, Serafin Beer, Heinrich Binder, Claire Bindschaedler, Sarah Blanton, Tasia Bobish, Michael L. Boninger, Joseph F. Bonner, Chadwick B. Boulay, Vanessa S. Boyce, Anna-Katharine Brem, Jacqueline C. Bresnahan, Floor E. Buma, Mary Bartlett Bunge, John H. Byrne, Jeffrey R. Capadona, Stefano F. Cappa, Diana D. Cardenas, Leeanne M. Carey, S. Thomas Carmichael, Glauco A. P. Caurin, Pablo Celnik, Kimberly M. Christian, Stephanie Clarke, Leonardo G. Cohen, Adriana B. Conforto, Rory A. Cooper, Rosemarie Cooper, Steven C. Cramer, Armin Curt, Mark D’Esposito, Matthew B. Dalva, Gavriel David, Brandon Delia, Wenbin Deng, Volker Dietz, Bruce H. Dobkin, Marco Domeniconi, Edith Durand, Tracey Vause Earland, Georg Ebersbach, Jonathan J. Evans, James W. Fawcett, Uri Feintuch, Toby A. Ferguson, Marie T. Filbin, Diasinou Fioravante, Itzhak Fischer, Agnes Floel, Herta Flor, Karim Fouad, Richard S. J. Frackowiak, Peter H. Gorman, Thomas W. Gould, Jean-Michel Gracies, Amparo Gutierrez, Kurt Haas, C.D. Hall, Hans-Peter Hartung, Zhigang He, Jordan Hecker, Susan J. Herdman, Seth Herman, Leigh R. Hochberg, Ahmet Höke, Fay B. Horak, Jared C. Horvath, Richard L. Huganir, Friedhelm C. Hummel, Beata Jarosiewicz, Frances E. Jensen, Michael Jöbges, Larry M. Jordan, Jon H. Kaas, Andres M. Kanner, Noomi Katz, Matthew S. Kayser, Annmarie Kelleher, Gerd Kempermann, Timothy E. Kennedy, Jürg Kesselring, Fary Khan, Rachel Kizony, Jeffery D. Kocsis, Boudewijn J. Kollen, Hubertus Köller, John W. Krakauer, Hermano I. Krebs, Gert Kwakkel, Bradley Lang, Catherine E. Lang, Helmar C. Lehmann, Angelo C. Lepore, Glenn S. Le Prell, Mindy F. Levin, Joel M. Levine, David A. Low, Marilyn MacKay-Lyons, Jeffrey D. Macklis, Margaret Mak, Francine Malouin, William C. Mann, Paul D. Marasco, Christopher J. Mathias, Laura McClure, Jan Mehrholz, Lorne M. Mendell, Robert H. Miller, Carol Milligan, Beth Mineo, Simon W. Moore, Jennifer Morgan, Charbel E-H. Moussa, Martin Munz, Randolph J. Nudo, Joseph J. Pancrazio, Theresa Pape, Alvaro Pascual-Leone, Kristin M. Pearson-Fuhrhop, P. Hunter Peckham, Tamara L. Pelleshi, Catherine Verrier Piersol, Thomas Platz, Marcus Pohl, Dejan B. Popović, Andrew M. Poulos, Maulik Purohit, Hui-Xin Qi, Debbie Rand, Mahendra S. Rao, Josef P. Rauschecker, Aimee Reiss, Carol L. Richards, Keith M. Robinson, Melvyn Roerdink, John C. Rosenbek, Serge Rossignol, Edward S. Ruthazer, Arash Sahraie, Krishnankutty Sathian, Marc H. Schieber, Brian J. Schmidt, Michael E. Selzer, Mijail D. Serruya, Himanshu Sharma, Michael Shifman, Jerry Silver, Thomas Sinkjær, George M. Smith, Young-Jin Son, Tim Spencer, John D. Steeves, Oswald Steward, Sheela Stuart, Austin J. Sumner, Chin Lik Tan, Robert W. Teasell, Gareth Thomas, Aiko K. Thompson, Richard F. Thompson, Wesley J. Thompson, Erika Timar, Ceri T. Trevethan, Christopher Trimby, Gary R. Turner, Mark H. Tuszynski, Erna A. van Niekerk, Ricardo Viana, Difei Wang, Anthony B. Ward, Nick S. Ward, Stephen G. Waxman, Patrice L. Weiss, Jörg Wissel, Steven L. Wolf, Jonathan R. Wolpaw, Sharon Wood-Dauphinee, Ross D. Zafonte, Binhai Zheng, Richard D. Zorowitz
- Edited by Michael Selzer, Stephanie Clarke, Leonardo Cohen, Gert Kwakkel, Robert Miller, Case Western Reserve University, Ohio
-
- Book:
- Textbook of Neural Repair and Rehabilitation
- Published online:
- 05 May 2014
- Print publication:
- 24 April 2014, pp ix-xvi
-
- Chapter
- Export citation
Contributor affiliations
-
- By Frank Andrasik, Melissa R. Andrews, Ana Inés Ansaldo, Evangelos G. Antzoulatos, Lianhua Bai, Ellen Barrett, Linamara Battistella, Nicolas Bayle, Michael S. Beattie, Peter J. Beek, Serafin Beer, Heinrich Binder, Claire Bindschaedler, Sarah Blanton, Tasia Bobish, Michael L. Boninger, Joseph F. Bonner, Chadwick B. Boulay, Vanessa S. Boyce, Anna-Katharine Brem, Jacqueline C. Bresnahan, Floor E. Buma, Mary Bartlett Bunge, John H. Byrne, Jeffrey R. Capadona, Stefano F. Cappa, Diana D. Cardenas, Leeanne M. Carey, S. Thomas Carmichael, Glauco A. P. Caurin, Pablo Celnik, Kimberly M. Christian, Stephanie Clarke, Leonardo G. Cohen, Adriana B. Conforto, Rory A. Cooper, Rosemarie Cooper, Steven C. Cramer, Armin Curt, Mark D’Esposito, Matthew B. Dalva, Gavriel David, Brandon Delia, Wenbin Deng, Volker Dietz, Bruce H. Dobkin, Marco Domeniconi, Edith Durand, Tracey Vause Earland, Georg Ebersbach, Jonathan J. Evans, James W. Fawcett, Uri Feintuch, Toby A. Ferguson, Marie T. Filbin, Diasinou Fioravante, Itzhak Fischer, Agnes Floel, Herta Flor, Karim Fouad, Richard S. J. Frackowiak, Peter H. Gorman, Thomas W. Gould, Jean-Michel Gracies, Amparo Gutierrez, Kurt Haas, C.D. Hall, Hans-Peter Hartung, Zhigang He, Jordan Hecker, Susan J. Herdman, Seth Herman, Leigh R. Hochberg, Ahmet Höke, Fay B. Horak, Jared C. Horvath, Richard L. Huganir, Friedhelm C. Hummel, Beata Jarosiewicz, Frances E. Jensen, Michael Jöbges, Larry M. Jordan, Jon H. Kaas, Andres M. Kanner, Noomi Katz, Matthew S. Kayser, Annmarie Kelleher, Gerd Kempermann, Timothy E. Kennedy, Jürg Kesselring, Fary Khan, Rachel Kizony, Jeffery D. Kocsis, Boudewijn J. Kollen, Hubertus Köller, John W. Krakauer, Hermano I. Krebs, Gert Kwakkel, Bradley Lang, Catherine E. Lang, Helmar C. Lehmann, Angelo C. Lepore, Glenn S. Le Prell, Mindy F. Levin, Joel M. Levine, David A. Low, Marilyn MacKay-Lyons, Jeffrey D. Macklis, Margaret Mak, Francine Malouin, William C. Mann, Paul D. Marasco, Christopher J. Mathias, Laura McClure, Jan Mehrholz, Lorne M. Mendell, Robert H. Miller, Carol Milligan, Beth Mineo, Simon W. Moore, Jennifer Morgan, Charbel E-H. Moussa, Martin Munz, Randolph J. Nudo, Joseph J. Pancrazio, Theresa Pape, Alvaro Pascual-Leone, Kristin M. Pearson-Fuhrhop, P. Hunter Peckham, Tamara L. Pelleshi, Catherine Verrier Piersol, Thomas Platz, Marcus Pohl, Dejan B. Popović, Andrew M. Poulos, Maulik Purohit, Hui-Xin Qi, Debbie Rand, Mahendra S. Rao, Josef P. Rauschecker, Aimee Reiss, Carol L. Richards, Keith M. Robinson, Melvyn Roerdink, John C. Rosenbek, Serge Rossignol, Edward S. Ruthazer, Arash Sahraie, Krishnankutty Sathian, Marc H. Schieber, Brian J. Schmidt, Michael E. Selzer, Mijail D. Serruya, Himanshu Sharma, Michael Shifman, Jerry Silver, Thomas Sinkjær, George M. Smith, Young-Jin Son, Tim Spencer, John D. Steeves, Oswald Steward, Sheela Stuart, Austin J. Sumner, Chin Lik Tan, Robert W. Teasell, Gareth Thomas, Aiko K. Thompson, Richard F. Thompson, Wesley J. Thompson, Erika Timar, Ceri T. Trevethan, Christopher Trimby, Gary R. Turner, Mark H. Tuszynski, Erna A. van Niekerk, Ricardo Viana, Difei Wang, Anthony B. Ward, Nick S. Ward, Stephen G. Waxman, Patrice L. Weiss, Jörg Wissel, Steven L. Wolf, Jonathan R. Wolpaw, Sharon Wood-Dauphinee, Ross D. Zafonte, Binhai Zheng, Richard D. Zorowitz
- Edited by Michael E. Selzer, Stephanie Clarke, Leonardo G. Cohen, Gert Kwakkel, Robert H. Miller, Case Western Reserve University, Ohio
-
- Book:
- Textbook of Neural Repair and Rehabilitation
- Published online:
- 05 June 2014
- Print publication:
- 24 April 2014, pp ix-xvi
-
- Chapter
- Export citation
Animal source foods have a positive impact on the primary school test scores of Kenyan schoolchildren in a cluster-randomised, controlled feeding intervention trial
- Judie L. Hulett, Robert E. Weiss, Nimrod O. Bwibo, Osman M. Galal, Natalie Drorbaugh, Charlotte G. Neumann
-
- Journal:
- British Journal of Nutrition / Volume 111 / Issue 5 / 14 March 2014
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 30 October 2013, pp. 875-886
- Print publication:
- 14 March 2014
-
- Article
-
- You have access Access
- HTML
- Export citation
-
Micronutrient deficiencies and suboptimal energy intake are widespread in rural Kenya, with detrimental effects on child growth and development. Sporadic school feeding programmes rarely include animal source foods (ASF). In the present study, a cluster-randomised feeding trial was undertaken to determine the impact of snacks containing ASF on district-wide, end-term standardised school test scores and nutrient intake. A total of twelve primary schools were randomly assigned to one of three isoenergetic feeding groups (a local plant-based stew (githeri) with meat, githeri plus whole milk or githeri with added oil) or a control group receiving no intervention feeding. After the initial term that served as baseline, children were fed at school for five consecutive terms over two school years from 1999 to 2001. Longitudinal analysis was used controlling for average energy intake, school attendance, and baseline socio-economic status, age, sex and maternal literacy. Children in the Meat group showed significantly greater improvements in test scores than those in all the other groups, and the Milk group showed significantly greater improvements in test scores than the Plain Githeri (githeri+oil) and Control groups. Compared with the Control group, the Meat group showed significant improvements in test scores in Arithmetic, English, Kiembu, Kiswahili and Geography. The Milk group showed significant improvements compared with the Control group in test scores in English, Kiswahili, Geography and Science. Folate, Fe, available Fe, energy per body weight, vitamin B12, Zn and riboflavin intake were significant contributors to the change in test scores. The greater improvements in test scores of children receiving ASF indicate improved academic performance, which can result in greater academic achievement.
11 - Negotiation
- Michael B. Timmons, Cornell University, New York, Rhett L. Weiss, Cornell University, New York, Daniel P. Loucks, Cornell University, New York, John R. Callister, Cornell University, New York, James E. Timmons
-
- Book:
- The Entrepreneurial Engineer
- Published online:
- 05 June 2014
- Print publication:
- 21 October 2013, pp 326-363
-
- Chapter
- Export citation
-
Summary
In business, you don’t get what you deserve, you get what you negotiate.
Chester L. KarrassYou must never try to make all the money that’s in a deal. Let the other fellow make some money too, because if you have a reputation for always making all the money, you won’t have many deals.
J. Paul GettyThe fellow who says he’ll meet you halfway, usually thinks he’s standing on the dividing line.
Orlando A. BattistaEntrepreneur’s Diary
Like it or not, you often will be negotiating something in life, and always will be negotiating something in an entrepreneurial pursuit. The negotiation could be direct or indirect, obvious or subtle, but as an entrepreneur, you always will be negotiating.
As just one example, my colleague Michael (first author of this text) shared with me a very important lesson in this regard from one of the angel investors that was his first major outside investor, Peter. Peter was seventy-one years old when he first became involved in my friend’s commercial fish farming company. He was the master at just about everything to do with starting a new business. Peter had left a Big 4 accounting firm (probably was the Big 8 back then) to launch his entrepreneurial career, when he had four children and a wife to support at the time. Among other deal points, Peter negotiated with Michael to purchase a 20% equity stake in his company in exchange for Peter’s cash investment. Michael violated a soon-to-be-learned rule, one that Peter was about to teach him the hard way. Peter had originally agreed to invest in the company for 18%, but later simply said that he’d feel a lot better if my friend could “round up” this figure to 20%. It wasn’t necessary, but it would be “nice.” Wanting to get the deal done, given that the parties were so close, and concerned he might otherwise disappoint or aggravate Peter, Michael said, “OK.” Michael didn’t ask what he would get for bumping up Peter’s equity stake or say something such as, “I’ll do that for you if you do XYZ in return.” Peter later told Michael that this was part of the negotiation, not simply a casual request.
6 - Creating Your Company
- Michael B. Timmons, Cornell University, New York, Rhett L. Weiss, Cornell University, New York, Daniel P. Loucks, Cornell University, New York, John R. Callister, Cornell University, New York, James E. Timmons
-
- Book:
- The Entrepreneurial Engineer
- Published online:
- 05 June 2014
- Print publication:
- 21 October 2013, pp 146-168
-
- Chapter
- Export citation
-
Summary
People are definitely a company’s greatest asset. It doesn’t make any difference whether the product is cars or cosmetics. A company is only as good as the people it keeps.
Mary Kay Ash (1915–2001; U.S. Business Executive)Entrepreneur’s Diary
You’re making great progress. You’ve got a board, you are about to hire two key employees, and you are just about ready to start executing your company business strategy. But, you need a company structure to embody these attributes. In fact, you can’t even open a bank account without an Employer’s Identification Number (EIN). This is no simple decision. In particular, your board (typically made up of “older” types) will probably steer you in the direction of a conventional commercial corporation, aka C-Corp. Why, because they are familiar with it. People just about always think what they are familiar with is best, else why would they have been doing it all these years? I believe that a limited liability corporation (LLC) is probably your best bet at this point of your company history for a variety of reasons we discuss in this chapter. I’m not a lawyer, and this is where you should seek legal advice once you think you know what you want to do. In fact, never go to a lawyer and ask them an open-ended question such as “What should I do?” They will just about always guide you in the most conservative direction legally, and this may not be best for your company.
Types of Ownership Structures
Before you can decide on an ownership structure for your business, you should learn a little bit about how each structure works. As a good reference on deciding which ownership structure is most suitable for your business, read “Choosing the Best Ownership Structure for Your Business” (go to www.nolo.com/lawcenter).
7 - Financial Accounting
- Michael B. Timmons, Cornell University, New York, Rhett L. Weiss, Cornell University, New York, Daniel P. Loucks, Cornell University, New York, John R. Callister, Cornell University, New York, James E. Timmons
-
- Book:
- The Entrepreneurial Engineer
- Published online:
- 05 June 2014
- Print publication:
- 21 October 2013, pp 169-213
-
- Chapter
- Export citation
-
Summary
I have no use for bodyguards, but I have very specific use for two highly trained certified public accountants.
Elvis PresleyEntrepreneur’s Diary
It seems as if addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division should be fairly simple. It is, until you want to apply it to accounting and do your tax calculations! There are many ramifications resulting from your choice of corporate structure on how you end up paying taxes. For example, who in their right mind would choose to pay taxes twice on profits you make from your company? Well, if you choose a C-Corp for your company structure, that’s just what you’ll be doing! But sometimes a C-Corp is the best choice, and you might ask why. I think my accountant was probably the key professional with whom I interacted with during the early days of my start-up. I recommend seeking an accountant’s advice early, before you create your company structure.
Getting Started
At this point in the text, we’ve covered the basic steps of defining your business, developing a marketing strategy, and differentiating your business from the competition. In this chapter, we cover the creation and use of financial accounting statements in the typical business plan, including depreciation and taxation issues. We stress the importance of creating these financial statements from the top down versus the bottom up by basing the figures on details from the demand side of the equation, that is, sales and the costs of production.
Dedication
- Michael B. Timmons, Cornell University, New York, Rhett L. Weiss, Cornell University, New York, Daniel P. Loucks, Cornell University, New York, John R. Callister, Cornell University, New York, James E. Timmons
-
- Book:
- The Entrepreneurial Engineer
- Published online:
- 05 June 2014
- Print publication:
- 21 October 2013, pp v-vi
-
- Chapter
- Export citation
Preface
- Michael B. Timmons, Cornell University, New York, Rhett L. Weiss, Cornell University, New York, Daniel P. Loucks, Cornell University, New York, John R. Callister, Cornell University, New York, James E. Timmons
-
- Book:
- The Entrepreneurial Engineer
- Published online:
- 05 June 2014
- Print publication:
- 21 October 2013, pp xvii-xxii
-
- Chapter
- Export citation
-
Summary
Where Are We Going?
If you ask a group of engineers, most of them would probably tell you that they have thought about starting a business. Most did nothing. Some others did some research and preliminary planning. Some of these then invested some personal funds in creating the shell of a company in some legal format. A rare few took their companies forward to the point that they became operational businesses.
Most of us will see opportunities to start a business. This book is for those among us who are contemplating the start of a business and those that may have already taken that big first step. As teachers and successful entrepreneurs, our goal in writing this book is to help you the reader maximize your chances of entrepreneurial success. You will find guidance, instruction, and practical lessons that will assist you, the prospective entrepreneur, with your first steps toward realizing a dream.
12 - Management
- Michael B. Timmons, Cornell University, New York, Rhett L. Weiss, Cornell University, New York, Daniel P. Loucks, Cornell University, New York, John R. Callister, Cornell University, New York, James E. Timmons
-
- Book:
- The Entrepreneurial Engineer
- Published online:
- 05 June 2014
- Print publication:
- 21 October 2013, pp 364-395
-
- Chapter
- Export citation
-
Summary
I believe the single most significant decision I can make on a day-to-day basis is my choice of attitude. It is more important than my past, my education, my bankroll, my successes or failures, fame or pain, what other people think of me or say about me, my circumstances, or my position.
Charles SwindollEntrepreneur’s Diary
I teach a course on entrepreneurship, and I always invite numerous successful entrepreneurs to give guest lectures on the subject. One of my favorite speakers is Greg (PhD from Cornell). Greg was raising money for his start-up venture about the same time I was raising money to start my fish business. Greg is now worth millions of dollars (that is another story), but he retains a casual attitude toward his success. When Greg comes to lecture, he typically wears jeans and a knit sport shirt with a fleece jacket. Greg describes the early beginnings of his company and how he hated big-company corporate structure. You know ... having to report to so-and-so ... following this and that procedure ... properly documenting this and that. Greg started his own company so he wouldn’t have to follow all those rules and do a lockstep with corporate ways of doing things. Well, initially, this approach worked okay for Greg. But, then as his company went from 3 employees to 20, to 100, to 300, he found that he had to follow many of those same corporate rules that he hated before. He was having trouble managing under this new structure. It wasn’t as much fun as it used to be. I asked Greg if it had to be this way. He responded with a slouch to his shoulders and a roll of his eyes.
The majority of this chapter was written by my oldest brother James. He was always to me the smartest person I have ever known. It seems appropriate he would author this chapter on management. Enjoy the chapter; I think it has lots of nuggets of wisdom that you will find helpful sometime in your entrepreneurial career. And thanks, Jim, for sharing your management knowledge.
9 - Fund-Raising
- Michael B. Timmons, Cornell University, New York, Rhett L. Weiss, Cornell University, New York, Daniel P. Loucks, Cornell University, New York, John R. Callister, Cornell University, New York, James E. Timmons
-
- Book:
- The Entrepreneurial Engineer
- Published online:
- 05 June 2014
- Print publication:
- 21 October 2013, pp 255-281
-
- Chapter
- Export citation
-
Summary
Start small, but think tall!
Robert H. SchullerEntrepreneur’s Diary
Raising money is hard work. You have to be prepared. Anytime a potential investor senses that you have not properly prepared for a meeting, you instantly will have lost any chance of landing this person as an investor. When I was raising some stage 2 financing for Fingerlakes Aquaculture, I had a meeting with a group of potential investors in Boston, friends and acquaintances of my angel investor, Peter (I think I’ve mentioned him before). We met in the high-rent financial district. Big buildings … marble hallways … all that type of stuff. I had spent many hours refining my presentation down to about twenty minutes to cover selected details so they would ask for more information that I could tell them was covered in the full business plan and that I had copies with me for them if interested. Part of my presentation was to actually prepare some tilapia fillets from my farm so the guests could really “get a taste of what it was all about.” (This was back in 1999, when most people had no idea what a tilapia fillet tasted like or even what a tilapia was!) The meeting was to start at 11:00 a.m. I was getting ready to start my presentation, including the cooking arrangements for the fillets. The invitees (there were five in total) got there about ten to fifteen minutes early and started chatting with my angel investor Peter. It didn’t take long before they became so curious about the product and what it tasted like that I had no choice (in my opinion) but to go ahead with that segment of the presentation, even though it was supposed to be at the end of my planned presentation right about lunch time (I thought this would be perfect timing). They all loved the product. Two of the people in attendance became investors in my company. I never did get to show them my PowerPoint presentation. But if I had, it was a good one. I was prepared.