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The Australian Square Kilometre Array Pathfinder: Performance of the Boolardy Engineering Test Array
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- D. McConnell, J. R. Allison, K. Bannister, M. E. Bell, H. E. Bignall, A. P. Chippendale, P. G. Edwards, L. Harvey-Smith, S. Hegarty, I. Heywood, A. W. Hotan, B. T. Indermuehle, E. Lenc, J. Marvil, A. Popping, W. Raja, J. E. Reynolds, R. J. Sault, P. Serra, M. A. Voronkov, M. Whiting, S. W. Amy, P. Axtens, L. Ball, T. J. Bateman, D. C.-J. Bock, R. Bolton, D. Brodrick, M. Brothers, A. J. Brown, J. D. Bunton, W. Cheng, T. Cornwell, D. DeBoer, I. Feain, R. Gough, N. Gupta, J. C. Guzman, G. A. Hampson, S. Hay, D. B. Hayman, S. Hoyle, B. Humphreys, C. Jacka, C. A. Jackson, S. Jackson, K. Jeganathan, J. Joseph, B. S. Koribalski, M. Leach, E. S. Lensson, A. MacLeod, S. Mackay, M. Marquarding, N. M. McClure-Griffiths, P. Mirtschin, D. Mitchell, S. Neuhold, A. Ng, R. Norris, S. Pearce, R. Y. Qiao, A. E. T. Schinckel, M. Shields, T. W. Shimwell, M. Storey, E. Troup, B. Turner, J. Tuthill, A. Tzioumis, R. M. Wark, T. Westmeier, C. Wilson, T. Wilson
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- Publications of the Astronomical Society of Australia / Volume 33 / 2016
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 09 September 2016, e042
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We describe the performance of the Boolardy Engineering Test Array, the prototype for the Australian Square Kilometre Array Pathfinder telescope. Boolardy Engineering Test Array is the first aperture synthesis radio telescope to use phased array feed technology, giving it the ability to electronically form up to nine dual-polarisation beams. We report the methods developed for forming and measuring the beams, and the adaptations that have been made to the traditional calibration and imaging procedures in order to allow BETA to function as a multi-beam aperture synthesis telescope. We describe the commissioning of the instrument and present details of Boolardy Engineering Test Array’s performance: sensitivity, beam characteristics, polarimetric properties, and image quality. We summarise the astronomical science that it has produced and draw lessons from operating Boolardy Engineering Test Array that will be relevant to the commissioning and operation of the final Australian Square Kilometre Array Path telescope.
The Australian Square Kilometre Array Pathfinder: System Architecture and Specifications of the Boolardy Engineering Test Array
- A. W. Hotan, J. D. Bunton, L. Harvey-Smith, B. Humphreys, B. D. Jeffs, T. Shimwell, J. Tuthill, M. Voronkov, G. Allen, S. Amy, K. Ardern, P. Axtens, L. Ball, K. Bannister, S. Barker, T. Bateman, R. Beresford, D. Bock, R. Bolton, M. Bowen, B. Boyle, R. Braun, S. Broadhurst, D. Brodrick, K. Brooks, M. Brothers, A. Brown, C. Cantrall, G. Carrad, J. Chapman, W. Cheng, A. Chippendale, Y. Chung, F. Cooray, T. Cornwell, E. Davis, L. de Souza, D. DeBoer, P. Diamond, P. Edwards, R. Ekers, I. Feain, D. Ferris, R. Forsyth, R. Gough, A. Grancea, N. Gupta, J. C. Guzman, G. Hampson, C. Haskins, S. Hay, D. Hayman, S. Hoyle, C. Jacka, C. Jackson, S. Jackson, K. Jeganathan, S. Johnston, J. Joseph, R. Kendall, M. Kesteven, D. Kiraly, B. Koribalski, M. Leach, E. Lenc, E. Lensson, L. Li, S. Mackay, A. Macleod, T. Maher, M. Marquarding, N. McClure-Griffiths, D. McConnell, S. Mickle, P. Mirtschin, R. Norris, S. Neuhold, A. Ng, J. O’Sullivan, J. Pathikulangara, S. Pearce, C. Phillips, R. Y. Qiao, J. E. Reynolds, A. Rispler, P. Roberts, D. Roxby, A. Schinckel, R. Shaw, M. Shields, M. Storey, T. Sweetnam, E. Troup, B. Turner, A. Tzioumis, T. Westmeier, M. Whiting, C. Wilson, T. Wilson, K. Wormnes, X. Wu
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- Publications of the Astronomical Society of Australia / Volume 31 / 2014
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 13 November 2014, e041
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This paper describes the system architecture of a newly constructed radio telescope – the Boolardy engineering test array, which is a prototype of the Australian square kilometre array pathfinder telescope. Phased array feed technology is used to form multiple simultaneous beams per antenna, providing astronomers with unprecedented survey speed. The test array described here is a six-antenna interferometer, fitted with prototype signal processing hardware capable of forming at least nine dual-polarisation beams simultaneously, allowing several square degrees to be imaged in a single pointed observation. The main purpose of the test array is to develop beamforming and wide-field calibration methods for use with the full telescope, but it will also be capable of limited early science demonstrations.
A BIOLOGICAL STUDY OF EPINOTIA SOLANDRIANA (LEPIDOPTERA: OLETHREUTIDAE), A LEAF ROLLER ON BIRCH IN ONTARIO
- O. H. Lindquist, L. S. Macleod
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- The Canadian Entomologist / Volume 99 / Issue 10 / October 1967
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- 31 May 2012, pp. 1110-1114
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The life history and habits of Epinotia solandriana Linnaeus are discussed and the immature stages described. Information is given on distribution, host trees, variations in wing pattern of the adults, laboratory rearing, and parasites.
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- By Rose Teteki Abbey, K. C. Abraham, David Tuesday Adamo, LeRoy H. Aden, Efrain Agosto, Victor Aguilan, Gillian T. W. Ahlgren, Charanjit Kaur AjitSingh, Dorothy B E A Akoto, Giuseppe Alberigo, Daniel E. Albrecht, Ruth Albrecht, Daniel O. Aleshire, Urs Altermatt, Anand Amaladass, Michael Amaladoss, James N. Amanze, Lesley G. Anderson, Thomas C. Anderson, Victor Anderson, Hope S. Antone, María Pilar Aquino, Paula Arai, Victorio Araya Guillén, S. Wesley Ariarajah, Ellen T. Armour, Brett Gregory Armstrong, Atsuhiro Asano, Naim Stifan Ateek, Mahmoud Ayoub, John Alembillah Azumah, Mercedes L. García Bachmann, Irena Backus, J. Wayne Baker, Mieke Bal, Lewis V. Baldwin, William Barbieri, António Barbosa da Silva, David Basinger, Bolaji Olukemi Bateye, Oswald Bayer, Daniel H. Bays, Rosalie Beck, Nancy Elizabeth Bedford, Guy-Thomas Bedouelle, Chorbishop Seely Beggiani, Wolfgang Behringer, Christopher M. Bellitto, Byard Bennett, Harold V. Bennett, Teresa Berger, Miguel A. Bernad, Henley Bernard, Alan E. Bernstein, Jon L. Berquist, Johannes Beutler, Ana María Bidegain, Matthew P. Binkewicz, Jennifer Bird, Joseph Blenkinsopp, Dmytro Bondarenko, Paulo Bonfatti, Riet en Pim Bons-Storm, Jessica A. Boon, Marcus J. Borg, Mark Bosco, Peter C. Bouteneff, François Bovon, William D. Bowman, Paul S. Boyer, David Brakke, Richard E. Brantley, Marcus Braybrooke, Ian Breward, Ênio José da Costa Brito, Jewel Spears Brooker, Johannes Brosseder, Nicholas Canfield Read Brown, Robert F. Brown, Pamela K. Brubaker, Walter Brueggemann, Bishop Colin O. Buchanan, Stanley M. Burgess, Amy Nelson Burnett, J. Patout Burns, David B. Burrell, David Buttrick, James P. Byrd, Lavinia Byrne, Gerado Caetano, Marcos Caldas, Alkiviadis Calivas, William J. Callahan, Salvatore Calomino, Euan K. Cameron, William S. Campbell, Marcelo Ayres Camurça, Daniel F. Caner, Paul E. Capetz, Carlos F. Cardoza-Orlandi, Patrick W. Carey, Barbara Carvill, Hal Cauthron, Subhadra Mitra Channa, Mark D. 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Yee, Viktor Yelensky, Yeo Khiok-Khng, Gustav K. K. Yeung, Angela Yiu, Amos Yong, Yong Ting Jin, You Bin, Youhanna Nessim Youssef, Eliana Yunes, Robert Michael Zaller, Valarie H. Ziegler, Barbara Brown Zikmund, Joyce Ann Zimmerman, Aurora Zlotnik, Zhuo Xinping
- Edited by Daniel Patte, Vanderbilt University, Tennessee
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- The Cambridge Dictionary of Christianity
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- 05 August 2012
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- 20 September 2010, pp xi-xliv
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An investigation into the nutritional efficacy, tolerance and patient acceptance of pre-thickened nutritional supplements in dysphagic patients
- M. Macleod, L. Blackie, S. Humphrey
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- Proceedings of the Nutrition Society / Volume 69 / Issue OCE2 / 2010
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- 01 April 2010, E191
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The effect of weaning at 10, 25 or 40 days on the reproductive performance of sows from the first to the fifth parity
- N. Walker, D. Watt, A. S. MacLeod, C. L. Johnson, T. G. Boaz, A. F. C. Calder
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- The Journal of Agricultural Science / Volume 92 / Issue 2 / April 1979
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- 27 March 2009, pp. 449-456
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A total of 146 nulliparous gilts at two centres were assigned to lactation lengths of 10, 25 or 40 days and maintained on the same weaning regime for up to five parities.
The interval between weaning and conception tended to be shorter for the 40-day treatment with little difference between the 10- and 25-day treatments. The data from all parities were pooled on the basis of an assumed herd structure giving the number of litters produced per sow per year aa 2·63, 2·37 and 2·18 for the 10-, 25- and 40-day treatments respectively.
The number of pigs born alive per litter remained more or less static with successive parities on the 10-day treatment but increased on the 40-day treatment with differences between treatment s reaching or approaching significance in parities 4 and 5. Although this trend was reflected in the number of pigs weane d per litter, the differences between lactation treatments were non-significant as a result of higher post-natal mortality in the larger litters of the longer lactating sows.
Consequently sows on the 10-day treatment reared the highest number of pigs per year, 22·4 compared with 20·2 and 19·8 for 25- and 40-day lactations respectively.
Data are also presented on changes in sow live weight.
A high culling rate and an extended interval betwee n weaning and conception were experienced at one centre in parity 1. The possible reasons and effect on subsequent litter size are discussed.
Human infectivity trait in Trypanosoma brucei: stability, heritability and relationship to sra expression
- C. M. R. TURNER, S. McLELLAN, L. A. G. LINDERGARD, L. BISONI, A. TAIT, A. MacLEOD
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- Parasitology / Volume 129 / Issue 4 / October 2004
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- 14 September 2004, pp. 445-454
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Some Trypanosoma brucei lines infect humans whereas others do not because the parasites are lysed by human serum. We have developed a robust, quantitative in vitro assay based on differential uptake of fluorescent dyes by live and dead trypanosomes to quantify the extent and kinetics of killing by human serum. This method has been used to discriminate between 3 classes of human serum resistance; sensitive, resistant and intermediate. TREU 927/4, the parasite used for the T. brucei genome project, is intermediate. The phenotype is expressed in both bloodstream and metacyclic forms, is stably expressed during chronic infections and on cyclical transmission through tsetse flies. Trypanosomes of intermediate phenotype are distinguished from sensitive populations of cells by the slower rate of lysis and by the potential to become fully resistant to killing by human serum as a result of selection or long-term serial passaging in mice, and to pass on full resistance phenotype to its progeny in a genetic cross. The sra gene has been shown previously to determine human serum resistance in T. brucei but screening for the presence and expression of this gene indicated that it is not responsible for the human serum resistance phenotype in the trypanosome lines that we have examined, indicating that an alternative mechanism for HSR exists in these stocks. Examination of the inheritance of the phenotype in F1 hybrids for both bloodstream and metacyclic stages from 2 genetic crosses demonstrated that the phenotype is co-inherited in both life-cycle stages in a manner consistent with being a Mendelian trait, determined by only one or a few genes.
Randomized controlled trial of brief cognitive behaviour therapy versus treatment as usual in recurrent deliberate self-harm: the POPMACT study
- P. TYRER, S. THOMPSON, U. SCHMIDT, V. JONES, M. KNAPP, K. DAVIDSON, J. CATALAN, J. AIRLIE, S. BAXTER, S. BYFORD, G. BYRNE, S. CAMERON, R. CAPLAN, S. COOPER, B. FERGUSON, C. FREEMAN, S. FROST, J. GODLEY, J. GREENSHIELDS, J. HENDERSON, N. HOLDEN, P. KEECH, L. KIM, K. LOGAN, C. MANLEY, A. MacLEOD, R. MURPHY, L. PATIENCE, L. RAMSAY, S. DE MUNROZ, J. SCOTT, H. SEIVEWRIGHT, K. SIVAKUMAR, P. TATA, S. THORNTON, O. C. UKOUMUNNE, S. WESSELY
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- Psychological Medicine / Volume 33 / Issue 6 / September 2003
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- 31 July 2003, pp. 969-976
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Background. We carried out a large randomized trial of a brief form of cognitive therapy, manual-assisted cognitive behaviour therapy (MACT) versus treatment as usual (TAU) for deliberate self-harm.
Method. Patients presenting with recurrent deliberate self-harm in five centres were randomized to either MACT or (TAU) and followed up over 1 year. MACT patients received a booklet based on cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) principles and were offered up to five plus two booster sessions of CBT from a therapist in the first 3 months of the study. Ratings of parasuicide risk, anxiety, depression, social functioning and global function, positive and negative thinking, and quality of life were measured at baseline and after 6 and 12 months.
Results. Four hundred and eighty patients were randomized. Sixty per cent of the MACT group had both the booklet and CBT sessions. There were seven suicides, five in the TAU group. The main outcome measure, the proportion of those repeating deliberate self-harm in the 12 months of the study, showed no significant difference between those treated with MACT (39%) and treatment as usual (46%) (OR 0·78, 95% CI 0·53 to 1·14, P=0·20).
Conclusion. Brief cognitive behaviour therapy is of limited efficacy in reducing self-harm repetition, but the findings taken in conjunctin with the economic evaluation (Byford et al. 2003) indicate superiority of MACT over TAU in terms of cost and effectiveness combined.
Investigation of nitrogen balance in dairy cows and steers nourished by intragastric infusion: Effects of submaintenance energy input with or without protein
- E. R. Ørskov, N. A. MacLeod, S. T. M. Fahmy, L. Istasse, F. D. DeB. Hovell
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- Journal:
- British Journal of Nutrition / Volume 50 / Issue 1 / July 1983
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 09 March 2007, pp. 99-107
- Print publication:
- July 1983
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1. Two dairy cows were maintained by intragastric infusion of volatile fatty acids and casein. Except when fasting, the casein-nitrogen was held constant, while total gross energy supply was varied from zero during fasting to 650 kJ/kg body-weight (W)0·75.
2. One cow was estimated to attain zero N balance at an energy intake of 255 kJ/kg W0·75 and the other at 307 kJ/kg W0·75, which was calculated to be substantially below the estimated energy required for zero energy balance.
3. When the cows were later given an N-free infusion for a period preceding the trial, N balance occurred at 98 kJ/kg W0·75 for one cow and 115 kJ/kg W0·75 for the other.
4. Four steers were similarly nourished by intragastric infusion and the energy nutrient increased from 0 at fasting to 450 kJ/kg W0·75. The protein was held constant at 1 g N/kg W0·75 except at fasting. The energy level at which N balance occurred was 154 (SE 38) kJ/kg W0·75 or approximately equal to the energy content of the protein. The practical implications of these findings are discussed.
The Naso-Pharyngeal Origin of Chorea
- S. L. de Ponthière, Macleod Yearsley
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- Journal:
- The Journal of Laryngology, Rhinology, and Otology / Volume 25 / Issue 9 / September 1910
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 06 August 2007, pp. 461-466
- Print publication:
- September 1910
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