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19 Exploring GABA Concentration Changes in Sensorimotor Cortex in Older Adults During Motor & Cognitive Performance
- Gabriell Champion, Lisa C Krishnamurthy, Joe R Nocera, Thomas S Novak, Kevin M Mammino, Keith M McGregor
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- Journal:
- Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society / Volume 29 / Issue s1 / November 2023
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 21 December 2023, pp. 332-333
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Objective:
Aging is associated with changes in cortical excitability which may affect motor learning and cognitive function via selective modulation of gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA). Previous studies using magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) to measure GABA in older adults found that increased baseline GABA levels in the sensorimotor cortex (M1S1) were associated with better motor performance. GABA levels in M1S1 have tended to decrease during the execution of a repeated motor sequence. The dynamic change in GABA density in M1S1 in older adults is currently unknown and represents a critical gap in our understanding of how it could impact motor learning and cognitive performance. As such, the purpose of the current study is to quantify changes in cortical GABA during motor learning in the aging brain and examine those changes in relation to motor and cognitive performance. We hypothesize that older adults with greater dynamic range in M1S1 GABA levels will display more efficient motor learning and increased cognitive scores.
Participants and Methods:We report on a total of 18 healthy older adults aged 64 to 80 years (M = 70.44, SD = 4.99, 12 females). Using MRS at 3T, we measured changes in GABA concentration in M1S1 at rest, during an eight or 12 finger-movement motor entrainment task, and during a recall task. Gannett was used for GABA quantification relative to water. Change in GABA was calculated by subtracting Rest1 GABA from Recall1 GABA. In a separate session, participants completed a battery of cognitive assessments. We computed linear regressions to examine the relationship between dynamic GABA change, recall accuracy of the motor task and cognitive performance.
Results:In relation to motor performance, we found that both greater baseline (Rest1) GABA levels and greater dynamic change in GABA significantly predicted better recall accuracy on the motor task. For cognitive performance, we found that greater dynamic change in GABA significantly predicted better performance on Word Reading in the Stroop Color and Word Test and Delayed Recall in the Hopkins Verbal Learning Test (HVLT). No additional significant relationships were found for the remaining cognitive assessments.
Conclusions:Older adults who were able to accurately perform the task had a greater dynamic change in GABA and increased baseline GABA levels. These adults with greater dynamic change also had better cognitive performance on HVLT Delay and Stroop Word Reading. This modulation of GABA associated with better performance could be related to changes in neuroplasticity. Although these results are in the preliminary stages, they point to a greater understanding of aging related changes in motor and cognitive performance. We’ll continue to explore the relationship between sensory motor performance and changes in GABA concentration as a potential predictor for cognitive performance and future rehabilitation.
Unintended consequences of a reflex urine culture order set on appropriate antibiotic use
- Corinne N. Klein, Miriam R. Elman, John M. Townes, James S. Lewis II, Jessina C. McGregor
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- Journal:
- Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology / Volume 41 / Issue 9 / September 2020
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 23 June 2020, pp. 1090-1092
- Print publication:
- September 2020
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We evaluated the impact of reflex urine culture screen results on antibiotic initiation. More patients with positive urine screen but negative culture received antibiotics than those with a negative screen (30.5 vs 7.1%). Urine screen results may inappropriately influence antibiotic initiation in patients with a low likelihood of infection.
Effects of zinc source and dietary concentration on serum zinc concentrations, growth performance, wool and reproductive characteristics in developing rams
- C. M. Page, M. L. Van Emon, T. W. Murphy, C. K. Larson, J. G. Berardinelli, I. R. McGregor, J. B. Taylor, W. C. Stewart
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Dietary Zn has significant impacts on the growth and development of breeding rams. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the effects of dietary Zn source and concentration on serum Zn concentration, growth performance, wool traits and reproductive performance in rams. Forty-four Targhee rams (14 months; 68 ± 18 kg BW) were used in an 84-day completely randomized design and were fed one of three pelleted dietary treatments: (1) a control without fortified Zn (CON; n = 15; ~1 × NRC); (2) a diet fortified with a Zn amino acid complex (ZnAA; n = 14; ~2 × NRC) and (3) a diet fortified with ZnSO4 (ZnSO4; n = 15; ~2 × NRC). Growth and wool characteristics measured throughout the course of the study were BW, average daily gain (ADG), dry matter intake (DMI), feed efficiency (G : F), longissimus dorsi muscle depth (LMD), back fat (BF), wool staple length (SL) and average fibre diameter (AFD). Blood was collected from each ram at four time periods to quantify serum Zn and testosterone concentrations. Semen was collected 1 to 2 days after the trial was completed. There were no differences in BW (P = 0.45), DMI (P = 0.18), LMD (P = 0.48), BF (P = 0.47) and AFD (P = 0.9) among treatment groups. ZnSO4 had greater (P ≤ 0.03) serum Zn concentrations compared with ZnAA and CON treatments. Rams consuming ZnAA had greater (P ≤ 0.03) ADG than ZnSO4 and CON. There tended to be differences among groups for G : F (P = 0.06), with ZnAA being numerically greater than ZnSO4 and CON. Wool staple length regrowth was greater (P < 0.001) in ZnSO4 and tended to be longer (P = 0.06) in ZnAA treatment group compared with CON. No differences were observed among treatments in scrotal circumference, testosterone, spermatozoa concentration within ram semen, % motility, % live sperm and % sperm abnormalities (P ≥ 0.23). Results indicated beneficial effects of feeding increased Zn concentrations to developing Targhee rams, although Zn source elicited differential responses in performance characteristics measured.
Healthcare-associated urinary tract infections with onset post hospital discharge
- Miriam R. Elman, Craig D. Williams, David T. Bearden, John M. Townes, John D. Heintzman, Jodi A. Lapidus, Ravina Kullar, Sheila Markwardt, Amanda T. Trieu, Arrash A. Vahidi, Jessina C. McGregor
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- Journal:
- Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology / Volume 40 / Issue 8 / August 2019
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 20 June 2019, pp. 863-871
- Print publication:
- August 2019
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Objective:
Current surveillance for healthcare-associated (HA) urinary tract infection (UTI) is focused on catheter-associated infection with hospital onset (HO-CAUTI), yet this surveillance does not represent the full burden of HA-UTI to patients. Our objective was to measure the incidence of potentially HA, community-onset (CO) UTI in a retrospective cohort of hospitalized patients.
Design:Retrospective cohort study.
Setting:Academic, quaternary care, referral center.
Patients:Hospitalized adults at risk for HA-UTI from May 2009 to December 2011 were included.
Methods:Patients who did not experience a UTI during the index hospitalization were followed for 30 days post discharge to identify cases of potentially HA-CO UTI.
Results:We identified 3,273 patients at risk for potentially HA-CO UTI. The incidence of HA-CO UTI in the 30 days post discharge was 29.8 per 1,000 patients. Independent risk factors of HA-CO UTI included paraplegia or quadriplegia (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 4.6; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.2–18.0), indwelling catheter during index hospitalization (aOR, 1.5; 95% CI, 1.0–2.3), prior piperacillin-tazobactam prescription (aOR, 2.3; 95% CI, 1.1–4.5), prior penicillin class prescription (aOR, 1.7; 95% CI, 1.0–2.8), and private insurance (aOR, 0.6; 95% CI, 0.4–0.9).
Conclusions:HA-CO UTI may be common within 30 days following hospital discharge. These data suggest that surveillance efforts may need to be expanded to capture the full burden to patients and better inform antibiotic prescribing decisions for patients with a history of hospitalization.
Antibiotic prescribing upon discharge from the hospital to long-term care facilities: Implications for antimicrobial stewardship requirements in post-acute settings
- Bo R. Weber, Brie N. Noble, David T. Bearden, Christopher J. Crnich, Katherine D. Ellingson, Jessina C. McGregor, Jon P. Furuno
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- Journal:
- Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology / Volume 40 / Issue 1 / January 2019
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 09 November 2018, pp. 18-23
- Print publication:
- January 2019
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Objective
To quantify the frequency and outcomes of receiving an antibiotic prescription upon discharge from the hospital to long-term care facilities (LTCFs).
DesignRetrospective cohort study.
SettingA 576-bed, academic hospital in Portland, Oregon.
PatientsAdult inpatients (≥18 years of age) discharged to an LTCF between January 1, 2012, and June 30, 2016.
MethodsOur primary outcome was receiving a systemic antibiotic prescription upon discharge to an LTCF. We also quantified the association between receiving an antibiotic prescription and 30-day hospital readmission, 30-day emergency department (ED) visit, and Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) on a readmission or ED visit at the index facility within 60 days of discharge.
ResultsAmong 6,701 discharges to an LTCF, 22.9% were prescribed antibiotics upon discharge. The most prevalent antibiotic classes prescribed were cephalosporins (20.4%), fluoroquinolones (19.1%), and penicillins (16.7%). The medical records of ~82% of patients included a diagnosis code for a bacterial infection on the index admission. Among patients prescribed an antibiotic upon discharge, the incidence of 30-day hospital readmission to the index facility was 15.9%, the incidence of 30-day ED visit at the index facility was 11.0%, and the incidence of CDI on a readmission or ED visit within 60 days of discharge was 1.6%. Receiving an antibiotic prescription upon discharge was significantly associated with 30-day ED visits (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.2; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.02–1.5) and with CDI within 60 days (aOR, 1.7; 95% CI, 1.02–2.8) but not with 30-day readmissions (aOR, 1.01; 95% CI, 0.9–1.2).
ConclusionsAntibiotics were frequently prescribed upon discharge to LTCFs, which may be associated with increased risk of poor outcomes post discharge.
P147: Clinical characteristics and system factors of elderly treated for agitation in the emergency department: a data driven approach
- R. Tam, K. McGregor, A. Maneshi, H. Gangatharan, M. Woo, I. Guan, K. Bradshaw, M. Bouchard, C. Meyers
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- Journal:
- Canadian Journal of Emergency Medicine / Volume 20 / Issue S1 / May 2018
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 11 May 2018, p. S109
- Print publication:
- May 2018
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Introduction: Aligning health systems appropriately to the needs of the elderly is an urgent global priority, according to the WHO. In Canada, ED length of stay has risen 16% for elderly patients in the last year. Agitation requiring chemical restraint is a common, high-risk problem for elderly in the ED. Improving outcomes in this heterogeneous population remain difficult due to inability to effectively identify and evaluate delirium, frailty, multi-morbidity, and incompatibility with the ED system. A data-driven approach to complex health problems is a recognized emerging tool for healthcare innovation. New opportunities for targeted quality improvement in the ED will be uncovered by identifying the clinical characteristics of elderly patients with agitation, and the system process factors that influence their outcomes. Methods: We studied 400 patients in a case-control study at two tertiary-care EDs over five years. Patients were randomly selected if age was greater than 75 years. 200 cases of patients who received an intravenous dose of haloperidol, midazolam and/or lorazepam were selected as a surrogate data marker for having agitation. Controls were randomly matched by age and ED diagnosis. Standardized clinical, systems and process variables were collected. We conducted a univariate analysis. Results: Elderly given intravenous medications for agitation had increased mortality (OR 3.8 CI: 1.6-10.7, p<0.001) and ED length of stay (27 vs. 15 hours, p<0.001). No statistical significance was found in clinical characteristics, CTAS scores, PRISMA7 frailty scores nor sentinel or return visits. There was no statistical difference in median hospital length of stay (8 vs. 6 days, p<0.70). No differences were found in median time from ED physician seeing a patient to first consultant request (73 vs. 83 mins, p=0.75). The largest time intervals contributing to ED length of stay were from first consultant request to hospital request (15 vs. 12 hours, p=0.056) and hospitalization delay (13 vs. 7 hours, p=0.45). Conclusion: Identification of high-risk elderly patients for targeted intervention through a data-driven approach is feasible and informative. Traditional clinical characteristics remain unhelpful in identifying and evaluating outcomes in elderly with agitation. We have identified a process factor that is clinically relevant and pragmatic to evaluate in our ED system. Future research focused on optimizing systems process factors to improve quality of elderly care should be prioritized.
Empiric Antibiotic Prescribing Decisions Among Medical Residents: The Role of the Antibiogram
- Gregory B. Tallman, Rowena A. Vilches-Tran, Miriam R. Elman, David T. Bearden, Jerusha E. Taylor, Paul N. Gorman, Jessina C. McGregor
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- Journal:
- Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology / Volume 39 / Issue 5 / May 2018
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 01 March 2018, pp. 578-583
- Print publication:
- May 2018
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OBJECTIVE
To assess general medical residents’ familiarity with antibiograms using a self-administered survey
DESIGNCross-sectional, single-center survey
PARTICIPANTSResidents in internal medicine, family medicine, and pediatrics at an academic medical center
METHODSParticipants were administered an anonymous survey at our institution during regularly scheduled educational conferences between January and May 2012. Questions collected data regarding demographics, professional training; further open-ended questions assessed knowledge and use of antibiograms regarding possible pathogens, antibiotic regimens, and prescribing resources for 2 clinical vignettes; a series of directed, closed-ended questions followed. Bivariate analyses to compare responses between residency programs were performed.
RESULTSOf 122 surveys distributed, 106 residents (87%) responded; internal medicine residents accounted for 69% of responses. More than 20% of residents could not accurately identify pathogens to target with empiric therapy or select therapy with an appropriate spectrum of activity in response to the clinical vignettes; correct identification of potential pathogens was not associated with selecting appropriate therapy. Only 12% of respondents identified antibiograms as a resource when prescribing empiric antibiotic therapy for scenarios in the vignettes, with most selecting the UpToDate online clinical decision support resource or The Sanford Guide. When directly questioned, 89% reported awareness of institutional antibiograms, but only 70% felt comfortable using them and only 44% knew how to access them.
CONCLUSIONSWhen selecting empiric antibiotics, many residents are not comfortable using antibiograms as part of treatment decisions. Efforts to improve antibiotic use may benefit from residents being given additional education on both infectious diseases pharmacotherapy and antibiogram utilization.
Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2018;39:578–583
D-60 Detection and Quantification of Passivation Layers in Electrochemical Inert Anodes by In-Situ and Ex-Situ Diffraction
- M. R. Rowles, K. McGregor, G. A. Snook, I. C. Madsen, N.V.Y. Scarlett, M. Lanyon, A. Urban, M. J. Styles, D. P. Riley
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- Journal:
- Powder Diffraction / Volume 25 / Issue 2 / June 2010
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 20 May 2016, p. 217
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The Scientific Potential for Astronomy from the Antarctic Plateau: A Report prepared by the Australian Working Group for Antarctic Astronomy
- Michael Burton, D. K. Aitken, D. A. Allen, M. C. B. Ashley, M. G. Burton, R. D. Cannon, B. D. Carter, G. S. DaCosta, M. A. Dopita, M. L. Duldig, P. G. Edwards, P. E. Gillingham, P. J. Hall, A. R. Hyland, P. J. McGregor, J. R. Mould, R. P. Norris, E. M. Sadler, C. H. Smith, J. Spyromilio, J. W. V. Storey
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- Journal:
- Publications of the Astronomical Society of Australia / Volume 11 / Issue 2 / August 1994
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 25 April 2016, pp. 127-150
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Our knowledge of the universe comes from recording the photon and particle fluxes incident on the Earth from space. We thus require sensitive measurement across the entire energy spectrum, using large telescopes with efficient instrumentation located on superb sites. Technological advances and engineering constraints are nearing the point where we are recording as many photons arriving at a site as is possible. Major advances in the future will come from improving the quality of the site. The ultimate site is, of course, beyond the Earth’s atmosphere, such as on the Moon, but economic limitations prevent our exploiting this avenue to the degree that the scientific community desires. Here we describe an alternative, which offers many of the advantages of space for a fraction of the cost: the Antarctic Plateau.
Contributors
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- By Edward S. Ahn, Gunes A. Aygok, Jörg Baldauf, Olivier Balédent, Patrick Bankah, Amy Bastian, Marc R. Del Bigio, Ari M. Blitz, Are Brean, Krzysztof Cieslicki, Marek Czosnyka, Zofia Czosnyka, Per Kristian Eide, Benjamin D. Elder, Aristotelis S. Filippidis, Steffen Fleck, C. Rory Goodwin, Nicholas Higgins, Masatsune Ishikawa, Marianne Juhler, Ignacio Jusué-Torres, Heather Katzen, Cemil Kayis, Adam P. Klausner, Petra Margarete Klinge, Thomas A. Kosztowski, John McGregor, Ahmed Mohyeldin, Debraj Mukherjee, John D. Pickard, Jonathan Pindrik, Harold L. Rekate, Norman Relkin, Hugh K. Richards, Daniele Rigamonti, Samuel P. Robinson, Wouter I. Schievink, Henry W. S. Schroeder, Martin U. Schuhmann, Ammar Shaikhouni, Stefano Signoretti, Andrew A. Tarnaris, Carsten Wikkelsø, Jun Zhang
- Edited by Daniele Rigamonti, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine
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- Book:
- Adult Hydrocephalus
- Published online:
- 05 February 2014
- Print publication:
- 06 February 2014, pp ix-xi
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- By Fred Adams, Colin Allen, Steven M. Beighley, Carlos A. Botero, Kate L. Christison-Lagay, Reginald B. Cocroft, Yale E. Cohen, Richard G. Coss, Sasha R. X. Dall, Julia Fischer, Peter Godfrey-Smith, Claire Horisk, Andrew G. Horn, Caitlin R. Kight, Simon Kirby, Selvino R. de Kort, Michael Lachmann, Peter K. McGregor, John M. McNamara, Ruth Garrett Millikan, Eugene S. Morton, Michael J. Owren, Drew Rendall, Michael J. Ryan, Sahotra Sarkar, Andrea Scarantino, Thomas C. Scott-Phillips, David W. Stephens, R. Haven Wiley
- Edited by Ulrich E. Stegmann, University of Aberdeen
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- Book:
- Animal Communication Theory
- Published online:
- 05 April 2013
- Print publication:
- 02 May 2013, pp xiii-xviii
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- By H. Elliott Albers, Reut Avinun, Karen L. Bales, Jorge A. Barraza, Michael T. Bowen, Sunny K. Boyd, Heather K. Caldwell, Elena Choleris, Amy E. Clipperton-Allen, Bruce S. Cushing, Monica B. Dhakar, Riccardo Dore, Richard P. Ebstein, Craig F. Ferris, Sara M. Freeman, James L. Goodson, Joshua J. Green, Haruhiro Higashida, Eric Hollander, Salomon Israel, Martin Kavaliers, Keith M. Kendrick, Ariel Knafo, Yoav Litvin, Olga Lopatina, David Mankuta, Iain S. McGregor, Richard H. Melloni, Inga D. Neumann, Jerome H. Pagani, Cort A. Pedersen, Donald W. Pfaff, Anna Phan, Benjamin J. Ragen, Amina Sarwat, Idan Shalev, Erica L. Stevenson, Bonnie Taylor, Richmond R. Thompson, Florina Uzefovsky, Erwin H. van den Burg, James C. Walton, Scott R. Wersinger, Nurit Yirmiya, Larry J. Young, W. Scott Young, Paul J. Zak
- Edited by Elena Choleris, University of Guelph, Ontario, Donald W. Pfaff, Rockefeller University, New York, Martin Kavaliers, University of Western Ontario
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- Book:
- Oxytocin, Vasopressin and Related Peptides in the Regulation of Behavior
- Published online:
- 05 April 2013
- Print publication:
- 11 April 2013, pp xi-xiv
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- By Rose Teteki Abbey, K. C. Abraham, David Tuesday Adamo, LeRoy H. Aden, Efrain Agosto, Victor Aguilan, Gillian T. W. Ahlgren, Charanjit Kaur AjitSingh, Dorothy B E A Akoto, Giuseppe Alberigo, Daniel E. Albrecht, Ruth Albrecht, Daniel O. Aleshire, Urs Altermatt, Anand Amaladass, Michael Amaladoss, James N. Amanze, Lesley G. Anderson, Thomas C. Anderson, Victor Anderson, Hope S. Antone, María Pilar Aquino, Paula Arai, Victorio Araya Guillén, S. Wesley Ariarajah, Ellen T. Armour, Brett Gregory Armstrong, Atsuhiro Asano, Naim Stifan Ateek, Mahmoud Ayoub, John Alembillah Azumah, Mercedes L. García Bachmann, Irena Backus, J. Wayne Baker, Mieke Bal, Lewis V. Baldwin, William Barbieri, António Barbosa da Silva, David Basinger, Bolaji Olukemi Bateye, Oswald Bayer, Daniel H. Bays, Rosalie Beck, Nancy Elizabeth Bedford, Guy-Thomas Bedouelle, Chorbishop Seely Beggiani, Wolfgang Behringer, Christopher M. Bellitto, Byard Bennett, Harold V. Bennett, Teresa Berger, Miguel A. Bernad, Henley Bernard, Alan E. Bernstein, Jon L. Berquist, Johannes Beutler, Ana María Bidegain, Matthew P. Binkewicz, Jennifer Bird, Joseph Blenkinsopp, Dmytro Bondarenko, Paulo Bonfatti, Riet en Pim Bons-Storm, Jessica A. Boon, Marcus J. Borg, Mark Bosco, Peter C. Bouteneff, François Bovon, William D. Bowman, Paul S. Boyer, David Brakke, Richard E. Brantley, Marcus Braybrooke, Ian Breward, Ênio José da Costa Brito, Jewel Spears Brooker, Johannes Brosseder, Nicholas Canfield Read Brown, Robert F. Brown, Pamela K. Brubaker, Walter Brueggemann, Bishop Colin O. Buchanan, Stanley M. Burgess, Amy Nelson Burnett, J. Patout Burns, David B. Burrell, David Buttrick, James P. Byrd, Lavinia Byrne, Gerado Caetano, Marcos Caldas, Alkiviadis Calivas, William J. Callahan, Salvatore Calomino, Euan K. Cameron, William S. Campbell, Marcelo Ayres Camurça, Daniel F. Caner, Paul E. Capetz, Carlos F. Cardoza-Orlandi, Patrick W. Carey, Barbara Carvill, Hal Cauthron, Subhadra Mitra Channa, Mark D. Chapman, James H. Charlesworth, Kenneth R. Chase, Chen Zemin, Luciano Chianeque, Philip Chia Phin Yin, Francisca H. Chimhanda, Daniel Chiquete, John T. Chirban, Soobin Choi, Robert Choquette, Mita Choudhury, Gerald Christianson, John Chryssavgis, Sejong Chun, Esther Chung-Kim, Charles M. A. Clark, Elizabeth A. Clark, Sathianathan Clarke, Fred Cloud, John B. Cobb, W. Owen Cole, John A Coleman, John J. Collins, Sylvia Collins-Mayo, Paul K. Conkin, Beth A. Conklin, Sean Connolly, Demetrios J. Constantelos, Michael A. Conway, Paula M. Cooey, Austin Cooper, Michael L. Cooper-White, Pamela Cooper-White, L. William Countryman, Sérgio Coutinho, Pamela Couture, Shannon Craigo-Snell, James L. Crenshaw, David Crowner, Humberto Horacio Cucchetti, Lawrence S. Cunningham, Elizabeth Mason Currier, Emmanuel Cutrone, Mary L. Daniel, David D. Daniels, Robert Darden, Rolf Darge, Isaiah Dau, Jeffry C. Davis, Jane Dawson, Valentin Dedji, John W. de Gruchy, Paul DeHart, Wendy J. Deichmann Edwards, Miguel A. De La Torre, George E. Demacopoulos, Thomas de Mayo, Leah DeVun, Beatriz de Vasconcellos Dias, Dennis C. Dickerson, John M. Dillon, Luis Miguel Donatello, Igor Dorfmann-Lazarev, Susanna Drake, Jonathan A. Draper, N. Dreher Martin, Otto Dreydoppel, Angelyn Dries, A. J. Droge, Francis X. D'Sa, Marilyn Dunn, Nicole Wilkinson Duran, Rifaat Ebied, Mark J. Edwards, William H. Edwards, Leonard H. Ehrlich, Nancy L. Eiesland, Martin Elbel, J. Harold Ellens, Stephen Ellingson, Marvin M. Ellison, Robert Ellsberg, Jean Bethke Elshtain, Eldon Jay Epp, Peter C. Erb, Tassilo Erhardt, Maria Erling, Noel Leo Erskine, Gillian R. Evans, Virginia Fabella, Michael A. Fahey, Edward Farley, Margaret A. Farley, Wendy Farley, Robert Fastiggi, Seena Fazel, Duncan S. Ferguson, Helwar Figueroa, Paul Corby Finney, Kyriaki Karidoyanes FitzGerald, Thomas E. FitzGerald, John R. Fitzmier, Marie Therese Flanagan, Sabina Flanagan, Claude Flipo, Ronald B. Flowers, Carole Fontaine, David Ford, Mary Ford, Stephanie A. Ford, Jim Forest, William Franke, Robert M. Franklin, Ruth Franzén, Edward H. Friedman, Samuel Frouisou, Lorelei F. Fuchs, Jojo M. Fung, Inger Furseth, Richard R. Gaillardetz, Brandon Gallaher, China Galland, Mark Galli, Ismael García, Tharscisse Gatwa, Jean-Marie Gaudeul, Luis María Gavilanes del Castillo, Pavel L. Gavrilyuk, Volney P. Gay, Metropolitan Athanasios Geevargis, Kondothra M. George, Mary Gerhart, Simon Gikandi, Maurice Gilbert, Michael J. Gillgannon, Verónica Giménez Beliveau, Terryl Givens, Beth Glazier-McDonald, Philip Gleason, Menghun Goh, Brian Golding, Bishop Hilario M. Gomez, Michelle A. Gonzalez, Donald K. Gorrell, Roy Gottfried, Tamara Grdzelidze, Joel B. Green, Niels Henrik Gregersen, Cristina Grenholm, Herbert Griffiths, Eric W. Gritsch, Erich S. Gruen, Christoffer H. Grundmann, Paul H. Gundani, Jon P. Gunnemann, Petre Guran, Vidar L. Haanes, Jeremiah M. Hackett, Getatchew Haile, Douglas John Hall, Nicholas Hammond, Daphne Hampson, Jehu J. Hanciles, Barry Hankins, Jennifer Haraguchi, Stanley S. Harakas, Anthony John Harding, Conrad L. Harkins, J. William Harmless, Marjory Harper, Amir Harrak, Joel F. Harrington, Mark W. Harris, Susan Ashbrook Harvey, Van A. Harvey, R. Chris Hassel, Jione Havea, Daniel Hawk, Diana L. Hayes, Leslie Hayes, Priscilla Hayner, S. Mark Heim, Simo Heininen, Richard P. Heitzenrater, Eila Helander, David Hempton, Scott H. Hendrix, Jan-Olav Henriksen, Gina Hens-Piazza, Carter Heyward, Nicholas J. Higham, David Hilliard, Norman A. Hjelm, Peter C. Hodgson, Arthur Holder, M. Jan Holton, Dwight N. Hopkins, Ronnie Po-chia Hsia, Po-Ho Huang, James Hudnut-Beumler, Jennifer S. Hughes, Leonard M. Hummel, Mary E. Hunt, Laennec Hurbon, Mark Hutchinson, Susan E. Hylen, Mary Beth Ingham, H. Larry Ingle, Dale T. Irvin, Jon Isaak, Paul John Isaak, Ada María Isasi-Díaz, Hans Raun Iversen, Margaret C. Jacob, Arthur James, Maria Jansdotter-Samuelsson, David Jasper, Werner G. Jeanrond, Renée Jeffery, David Lyle Jeffrey, Theodore W. Jennings, David H. Jensen, Robin Margaret Jensen, David Jobling, Dale A. Johnson, Elizabeth A. Johnson, Maxwell E. Johnson, Sarah Johnson, Mark D. Johnston, F. Stanley Jones, James William Jones, John R. Jones, Alissa Jones Nelson, Inge Jonsson, Jan Joosten, Elizabeth Judd, Mulambya Peggy Kabonde, Robert Kaggwa, Sylvester Kahakwa, Isaac Kalimi, Ogbu U. Kalu, Eunice Kamaara, Wayne C. Kannaday, Musimbi Kanyoro, Veli-Matti Kärkkäinen, Frank Kaufmann, Léon Nguapitshi Kayongo, Richard Kearney, Alice A. Keefe, Ralph Keen, Catherine Keller, Anthony J. Kelly, Karen Kennelly, Kathi Lynn Kern, Fergus Kerr, Edward Kessler, George Kilcourse, Heup Young Kim, Kim Sung-Hae, Kim Yong-Bock, Kim Yung Suk, Richard King, Thomas M. King, Robert M. Kingdon, Ross Kinsler, Hans G. Kippenberg, Cheryl A. Kirk-Duggan, Clifton Kirkpatrick, Leonid Kishkovsky, Nadieszda Kizenko, Jeffrey Klaiber, Hans-Josef Klauck, Sidney Knight, Samuel Kobia, Robert Kolb, Karla Ann Koll, Heikki Kotila, Donald Kraybill, Philip D. W. Krey, Yves Krumenacker, Jeffrey Kah-Jin Kuan, Simanga R. Kumalo, Peter Kuzmic, Simon Shui-Man Kwan, Kwok Pui-lan, André LaCocque, Stephen E. Lahey, John Tsz Pang Lai, Emiel Lamberts, Armando Lampe, Craig Lampe, Beverly J. Lanzetta, Eve LaPlante, Lizette Larson-Miller, Ariel Bybee Laughton, Leonard Lawlor, Bentley Layton, Robin A. Leaver, Karen Lebacqz, Archie Chi Chung Lee, Marilyn J. Legge, Hervé LeGrand, D. L. LeMahieu, Raymond Lemieux, Bill J. Leonard, Ellen M. Leonard, Outi Leppä, Jean Lesaulnier, Nantawan Boonprasat Lewis, Henrietta Leyser, Alexei Lidov, Bernard Lightman, Paul Chang-Ha Lim, Carter Lindberg, Mark R. Lindsay, James R. Linville, James C. Livingston, Ann Loades, David Loades, Jean-Claude Loba-Mkole, Lo Lung Kwong, Wati Longchar, Eleazar López, David W. Lotz, Andrew Louth, Robin W. Lovin, William Luis, Frank D. Macchia, Diarmaid N. J. MacCulloch, Kirk R. MacGregor, Marjory A. MacLean, Donald MacLeod, Tomas S. Maddela, Inge Mager, Laurenti Magesa, David G. Maillu, Fortunato Mallimaci, Philip Mamalakis, Kä Mana, Ukachukwu Chris Manus, Herbert Robinson Marbury, Reuel Norman Marigza, Jacqueline Mariña, Antti Marjanen, Luiz C. L. Marques, Madipoane Masenya (ngwan'a Mphahlele), Caleb J. D. Maskell, Steve Mason, Thomas Massaro, Fernando Matamoros Ponce, András Máté-Tóth, Odair Pedroso Mateus, Dinis Matsolo, Fumitaka Matsuoka, John D'Arcy May, Yelena Mazour-Matusevich, Theodore Mbazumutima, John S. McClure, Christian McConnell, Lee Martin McDonald, Gary B. McGee, Thomas McGowan, Alister E. McGrath, Richard J. McGregor, John A. McGuckin, Maud Burnett McInerney, Elsie Anne McKee, Mary B. McKinley, James F. McMillan, Ernan McMullin, Kathleen E. McVey, M. Douglas Meeks, Monica Jyotsna Melanchthon, Ilie Melniciuc-Puica, Everett Mendoza, Raymond A. Mentzer, William W. Menzies, Ina Merdjanova, Franziska Metzger, Constant J. Mews, Marvin Meyer, Carol Meyers, Vasile Mihoc, Gunner Bjerg Mikkelsen, Maria Inêz de Castro Millen, Clyde Lee Miller, Bonnie J. Miller-McLemore, Alexander Mirkovic, Paul Misner, Nozomu Miyahira, R. W. L. Moberly, Gerald Moede, Aloo Osotsi Mojola, Sunanda Mongia, Rebeca Montemayor, James Moore, Roger E. Moore, Craig E. Morrison O.Carm, Jeffry H. Morrison, Keith Morrison, Wilson J. Moses, Tefetso Henry Mothibe, Mokgethi Motlhabi, Fulata Moyo, Henry Mugabe, Jesse Ndwiga Kanyua Mugambi, Peggy Mulambya-Kabonde, Robert Bruce Mullin, Pamela Mullins Reaves, Saskia Murk Jansen, Heleen L. Murre-Van den Berg, Augustine Musopole, Isaac M. T. Mwase, Philomena Mwaura, Cecilia Nahnfeldt, Anne Nasimiyu Wasike, Carmiña Navia Velasco, Thulani Ndlazi, Alexander Negrov, James B. Nelson, David G. Newcombe, Carol Newsom, Helen J. Nicholson, George W. E. Nickelsburg, Tatyana Nikolskaya, Damayanthi M. A. Niles, Bertil Nilsson, Nyambura Njoroge, Fidelis Nkomazana, Mary Beth Norton, Christian Nottmeier, Sonene Nyawo, Anthère Nzabatsinda, Edward T. Oakes, Gerald O'Collins, Daniel O'Connell, David W. Odell-Scott, Mercy Amba Oduyoye, Kathleen O'Grady, Oyeronke Olajubu, Thomas O'Loughlin, Dennis T. Olson, J. Steven O'Malley, Cephas N. Omenyo, Muriel Orevillo-Montenegro, César Augusto Ornellas Ramos, Agbonkhianmeghe E. Orobator, Kenan B. Osborne, Carolyn Osiek, Javier Otaola Montagne, Douglas F. Ottati, Anna May Say Pa, Irina Paert, Jerry G. Pankhurst, Aristotle Papanikolaou, Samuele F. Pardini, Stefano Parenti, Peter Paris, Sung Bae Park, Cristián G. Parker, Raquel Pastor, Joseph Pathrapankal, Daniel Patte, W. Brown Patterson, Clive Pearson, Keith F. Pecklers, Nancy Cardoso Pereira, David Horace Perkins, Pheme Perkins, Edward N. Peters, Rebecca Todd Peters, Bishop Yeznik Petrossian, Raymond Pfister, Peter C. Phan, Isabel Apawo Phiri, William S. F. Pickering, Derrick G. Pitard, William Elvis Plata, Zlatko Plese, John Plummer, James Newton Poling, Ronald Popivchak, Andrew Porter, Ute Possekel, James M. Powell, Enos Das Pradhan, Devadasan Premnath, Jaime Adrían Prieto Valladares, Anne Primavesi, Randall Prior, María Alicia Puente Lutteroth, Eduardo Guzmão Quadros, Albert Rabil, Laurent William Ramambason, Apolonio M. Ranche, Vololona Randriamanantena Andriamitandrina, Lawrence R. Rast, Paul L. Redditt, Adele Reinhartz, Rolf Rendtorff, Pål Repstad, James N. Rhodes, John K. Riches, Joerg Rieger, Sharon H. Ringe, Sandra Rios, Tyler Roberts, David M. Robinson, James M. Robinson, Joanne Maguire Robinson, Richard A. H. Robinson, Roy R. Robson, Jack B. Rogers, Maria Roginska, Sidney Rooy, Rev. Garnett Roper, Maria José Fontelas Rosado-Nunes, Andrew C. Ross, Stefan Rossbach, François Rossier, John D. Roth, John K. Roth, Phillip Rothwell, Richard E. Rubenstein, Rosemary Radford Ruether, Markku Ruotsila, John E. Rybolt, Risto Saarinen, John Saillant, Juan Sanchez, Wagner Lopes Sanchez, Hugo N. Santos, Gerhard Sauter, Gloria L. Schaab, Sandra M. Schneiders, Quentin J. Schultze, Fernando F. Segovia, Turid Karlsen Seim, Carsten Selch Jensen, Alan P. F. Sell, Frank C. Senn, Kent Davis Sensenig, Damían Setton, Bal Krishna Sharma, Carolyn J. Sharp, Thomas Sheehan, N. Gerald Shenk, Christian Sheppard, Charles Sherlock, Tabona Shoko, Walter B. Shurden, Marguerite Shuster, B. Mark Sietsema, Batara Sihombing, Neil Silberman, Clodomiro Siller, Samuel Silva-Gotay, Heikki Silvet, John K. Simmons, Hagith Sivan, James C. Skedros, Abraham Smith, Ashley A. Smith, Ted A. Smith, Daud Soesilo, Pia Søltoft, Choan-Seng (C. S.) Song, Kathryn Spink, Bryan Spinks, Eric O. Springsted, Nicolas Standaert, Brian Stanley, Glen H. Stassen, Karel Steenbrink, Stephen J. Stein, Andrea Sterk, Gregory E. Sterling, Columba Stewart, Jacques Stewart, Robert B. 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Van Bavel, Steven Vanderputten, Peter Van der Veer, Huub Van de Sandt, Louis Van Tongeren, Luke A. Veronis, Noel Villalba, Ramón Vinke, Tim Vivian, David Voas, Elena Volkova, Katharina von Kellenbach, Elina Vuola, Timothy Wadkins, Elaine M. Wainwright, Randi Jones Walker, Dewey D. Wallace, Jerry Walls, Michael J. Walsh, Philip Walters, Janet Walton, Jonathan L. Walton, Wang Xiaochao, Patricia A. Ward, David Harrington Watt, Herold D. Weiss, Laurence L. Welborn, Sharon D. Welch, Timothy Wengert, Traci C. West, Merold Westphal, David Wetherell, Barbara Wheeler, Carolinne White, Jean-Paul Wiest, Frans Wijsen, Terry L. Wilder, Felix Wilfred, Rebecca Wilkin, Daniel H. Williams, D. Newell Williams, Michael A. Williams, Vincent L. Wimbush, Gabriele Winkler, Anders Winroth, Lauri Emílio Wirth, James A. Wiseman, Ebba Witt-Brattström, Teofil Wojciechowski, John Wolffe, Kenman L. Wong, Wong Wai Ching, Linda Woodhead, Wendy M. Wright, Rose Wu, Keith E. Yandell, Gale A. Yee, Viktor Yelensky, Yeo Khiok-Khng, Gustav K. K. Yeung, Angela Yiu, Amos Yong, Yong Ting Jin, You Bin, Youhanna Nessim Youssef, Eliana Yunes, Robert Michael Zaller, Valarie H. Ziegler, Barbara Brown Zikmund, Joyce Ann Zimmerman, Aurora Zlotnik, Zhuo Xinping
- Edited by Daniel Patte, Vanderbilt University, Tennessee
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- Book:
- The Cambridge Dictionary of Christianity
- Published online:
- 05 August 2012
- Print publication:
- 20 September 2010, pp xi-xliv
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Volcanic pebbles in Pleistocene gravels of the Thames in Buckinghamshire and Hertfordshire
- C. P. Green, R. W. Hey, D. F. M. McGregor
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- Journal:
- Geological Magazine / Volume 117 / Issue 1 / January 1980
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 01 May 2009, pp. 59-64
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The incidence of volcanic pebbles in the gravels of the middle Thames basin is noted. The detailed petrography of volcanic clasts at two sites is described and found to be broadly similar to that of material from sites in East Anglia, thought to be of Welsh origin. The frequency of volcanic pebbles in the two areas is also similar. This evidence suggests that volcanic material was brought into East Anglia via the ancestral Thames.Records of volcanic rocks in the drift deposits of the upper Thames basin provide additional evidence of this route.
An examination of the influence of waves on the ventilation of surface-piercing struts
- R. C. Mcgregor, A. J. Wright, P. D. Swales, G. D. Crapper
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- Journal:
- Journal of Fluid Mechanics / Volume 61 / Issue 1 / 23 October 1973
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 29 March 2006, pp. 85-96
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The paper examines the results of an experiment which was designed to elucidate the manner in which wave characteristics, strut geometry and aspect ratio influence the angles at which struts ventilate. The experiment was conducted using small-scale models in a towing tank which allowed the wave parameters to be varied independently. The results indicate which parameters of a seaway are most hazardous to the operation of a hydrofoil ship in high seas and suggest design features which may extend the capability range of such craft.
Semi-quantitative assessment of wing feather mite (Acarina) infestations on passerine birds from Portugal. Evaluation of the criteria for accurate quantification of mite burdens
- J. Behnke, P. McGregor, J. Cameron, I. Hartley, M. Shepherd, F. Gilbert, C. Barnard, J. Hurst, S. Gray, R. Wiles
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- Journal:
- Journal of Zoology / Volume 248 / Issue 3 / July 1999
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 01 July 1999, pp. 337-347
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- July 1999
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Wing feather mite burdens on seven species of passerine birds (Carduelis carduelis – goldfinch; C. chloris – greenfinch; Serinus serinus – serin; Sylvia atricapilla – blackcap; Sylvia melanocephala – Sardinian warbler; Turdus merula – blackbird; Passer domesticus – house sparrow) from Portugal were assessed by the subjective semi-quantitative scoring system of Behnke et al. (1995) in order to evaluate more fully the accuracy and reliability of the technique. Our analysis indicated that in all species, scores allocated to flight feathers showed a significant positive relationship with mite counts as assessed through microscopical examination of the same feathers. However, there were differences between species of birds. Of the species examined, goldfinches and greenfinches showed the weakest relationships between assigned mite scores and actual mite numbers indicating that the technique was less accurate when applied to these species compared with the remaining five. No evidence was found that anything more was to be gained from scoring both wings, rather than just one. Feather mites (Proctophyllodes spp., Trouessartia incisa) were also detected on tail feathers, but the assessment of these feathers presented additional problems and it was concluded that in the interests of minimizing handling time of birds, tail scores had little more to offer. We conclude that scoring all the flight feathers (including all primary, secondary, and tertiary feathers) on one entire wing, but alternating between left and right wings of birds within a species, represents an acceptable compromise between sufficiently detailed examination and minimization of bird handling time in the field.
Reduction in Tuberculin Skin-Test Conversions Among Medical House Staff Associated with Improved Tuberculosis Infection Control Practices
- David R. Bangsberg, Kathleen Crowley, Andrew Moss, Jay F. Dobkin, Carlton McGregor, Harold C. Neu
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- Journal:
- Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology / Volume 18 / Issue 8 / August 1997
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 02 January 2015, pp. 566-570
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- August 1997
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Objective:
To assess the efficacy of an infection control program as measured by tuberculin skin-test (TST) conversion rates in medical house staff.
Design:Observational study.
Setting:University-based hospital in New York City serving a large indigent population.
Participants:Medical house staff.
Interventions:TST conversions were measured every 6 months in medical house staff from June 1992 to June 1994. Compliance with the isolation policy was measured by identifying room locations 24 hours after admission of patients who had Mycobacterium tuberculosis recovered from respiratory specimens.
Results:The TST conversion rate decreased from 5.8 to 0, 2.3, and 0 per 100 person years of exposure in successive 6-month periods. The estimated annual TST conversion rate among interns fell from 7 per 100 person years in June 1992 to 0 per 100 person years in June 1993 and 0 per 100 person years in June 1994 (P=.029). The proportion of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis who were isolated in negative-pressure rooms increased from 38% to 75% over the study period (P=.01).
Conclusion:Development of a multifaceted infection control program can decrease the risk of nosocomial tuberculosis infection in medical house staff.
A note on the assessment of down production in Australian ‘cashmere’ goats
- R. C. Couchman, B. A. McGregor
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- Journal:
- Animal Production / Volume 36 / Issue 2 / April 1983
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 02 September 2010, pp. 317-320
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- April 1983
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Down production of 93 feral, F1 and F2 cashmere-producing goats run in Victoria was investigated. The goats were visually assessed for down production and shorn. Their fleeces were evaluated for total fibre, down yield, fibre diameter, grease and moisture content. Analyses on down yield and fleece characteristics indicated that they compared favourably with those of traditional cashmere-producing countries. Mean down production ranged from 330 g for males to 148 g for females. Sampling at three body sites was accurate in determining total fleece measures and visual assessment proved a reliable screening technique for on-farm selection. Large variation was found in down production indicating the possibility of rapid genetic gain through selection.
The design of scrap-tyre floating breakwaters with special reference to fish farms*
- R. C. McGregor
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- Journal:
- Proceedings of the Royal Society of Edinburgh. Section B: Biological Sciences / Volume 76 / Issue 1-3 / 1978
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 05 December 2011, pp. 115-133
- Print publication:
- 1978
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This paper considers the background, philosophy and desirability of the use of used automobile tyres in the construction of floating breakwaters for wave attenuation problems in general and their application to fish farm protection in particular. The method of construction and the assessment of performance are discussed.
Model tests using one quarter scale tyres in a hydrodynamics laboratory towing tank are described. By computerised data collection and processing, the wave attenuation characteristics were deduced for twentyfive breakwater designs made up from the two most commonly used tyre groups or modules. Wave induced loads on the catenary mooring system were also analysed for extreme values. This data forms part of a systematic study of scrap tyre breakwater design parameters and some conclusions can be drawn.
The implications of these model results are scaled to apply to the environmental requirements of fish farms and the relevance of the local topography is discussed.