9 results
Scintillator Light Emission Enhancement via Nanostructure and Plasmonic Design
- M. Brooke Beckert, Jonathan Andreasen, Keri Ledford, Greg Mohler, Clayton Kerce, Jason H. Nadler
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- Journal:
- MRS Advances / Volume 2 / Issue 42 / 2017
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 09 April 2017, pp. 2295-2301
- Print publication:
- 2017
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Recent work in the development of glass-ceramic scintillators at the Georgia Tech Research Institute (GTRI) has focused on modifying formulation of the oxide host glass and scintillating crystal phase, secondary heat treatment (ceramization) schedule, and processing improvement to ensure optical quality. These efforts have yielded considerable performance improvements to glass-ceramic scintillators, and have made them among the most promising composite scintillators under investigation. However, these materials still fall short of current commercially-available single crystal scintillators, and so new avenues must be pursued for continued improvements. The present investigation uses predictive simulations to inform the materials selection and process design for high refractive index layers to improve light extraction from the scintillator, and increased light output via bulk or surface plasmon interactions.
A Model of Interfacial Permeability for Soft Seals in Marine-Organism, Suction-Based Adhesion
- Michael Beckert, Brooke E. Flammang, Jason H. Nadler
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- Journal:
- MRS Advances / Volume 1 / Issue 36 / 2016
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 13 June 2016, pp. 2531-2543
- Print publication:
- 2016
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Reversible, suction based adhesion employed by many marine organisms may provide unique, adaptable technologies for biologically inspired grasping devices that function in difficult submerged environments. Here a theoretical framework based on measurable structural, material, and topological properties is developed to better understand a critical aspect of suction based attachment strategies: the leakage rate. The utility of the approach is demonstrated on an experimental apparatus designed to mimic the flow conditions experienced by a suction-based attachment device. Furthermore, the sealing effectiveness of a remora fish on sharkskin is investigated as a biological example.
Contributors
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- By Mitchell Aboulafia, Frederick Adams, Marilyn McCord Adams, Robert M. Adams, Laird Addis, James W. Allard, David Allison, William P. Alston, Karl Ameriks, C. Anthony Anderson, David Leech Anderson, Lanier Anderson, Roger Ariew, David Armstrong, Denis G. Arnold, E. J. Ashworth, Margaret Atherton, Robin Attfield, Bruce Aune, Edward Wilson Averill, Jody Azzouni, Kent Bach, Andrew Bailey, Lynne Rudder Baker, Thomas R. Baldwin, Jon Barwise, George Bealer, William Bechtel, Lawrence C. Becker, Mark A. Bedau, Ernst Behler, José A. Benardete, Ermanno Bencivenga, Jan Berg, Michael Bergmann, Robert L. Bernasconi, Sven Bernecker, Bernard Berofsky, Rod Bertolet, Charles J. Beyer, Christian Beyer, Joseph Bien, Joseph Bien, Peg Birmingham, Ivan Boh, James Bohman, Daniel Bonevac, Laurence BonJour, William J. Bouwsma, Raymond D. Bradley, Myles Brand, Richard B. Brandt, Michael E. Bratman, Stephen E. Braude, Daniel Breazeale, Angela Breitenbach, Jason Bridges, David O. Brink, Gordon G. Brittan, Justin Broackes, Dan W. Brock, Aaron Bronfman, Jeffrey E. Brower, Bartosz Brozek, Anthony Brueckner, Jeffrey Bub, Lara Buchak, Otavio Bueno, Ann E. Bumpus, Robert W. Burch, John Burgess, Arthur W. Burks, Panayot Butchvarov, Robert E. Butts, Marina Bykova, Patrick Byrne, David Carr, Noël Carroll, Edward S. Casey, Victor Caston, Victor Caston, Albert Casullo, Robert L. Causey, Alan K. L. Chan, Ruth Chang, Deen K. Chatterjee, Andrew Chignell, Roderick M. Chisholm, Kelly J. Clark, E. J. Coffman, Robin Collins, Brian P. Copenhaver, John Corcoran, John Cottingham, Roger Crisp, Frederick J. Crosson, Antonio S. Cua, Phillip D. Cummins, Martin Curd, Adam Cureton, Andrew Cutrofello, Stephen Darwall, Paul Sheldon Davies, Wayne A. Davis, Timothy Joseph Day, Claudio de Almeida, Mario De Caro, Mario De Caro, John Deigh, C. F. Delaney, Daniel C. Dennett, Michael R. DePaul, Michael Detlefsen, Daniel Trent Devereux, Philip E. Devine, John M. Dillon, Martin C. Dillon, Robert DiSalle, Mary Domski, Alan Donagan, Paul Draper, Fred Dretske, Mircea Dumitru, Wilhelm Dupré, Gerald Dworkin, John Earman, Ellery Eells, Catherine Z. Elgin, Berent Enç, Ronald P. Endicott, Edward Erwin, John Etchemendy, C. Stephen Evans, Susan L. Feagin, Solomon Feferman, Richard Feldman, Arthur Fine, Maurice A. Finocchiaro, William FitzPatrick, Richard E. Flathman, Gvozden Flego, Richard Foley, Graeme Forbes, Rainer Forst, Malcolm R. Forster, Daniel Fouke, Patrick Francken, Samuel Freeman, Elizabeth Fricker, Miranda Fricker, Michael Friedman, Michael Fuerstein, Richard A. Fumerton, Alan Gabbey, Pieranna Garavaso, Daniel Garber, Jorge L. A. Garcia, Robert K. Garcia, Don Garrett, Philip Gasper, Gerald Gaus, Berys Gaut, Bernard Gert, Roger F. Gibson, Cody Gilmore, Carl Ginet, Alan H. Goldman, Alvin I. Goldman, Alfonso Gömez-Lobo, Lenn E. Goodman, Robert M. Gordon, Stefan Gosepath, Jorge J. E. Gracia, Daniel W. Graham, George A. Graham, Peter J. Graham, Richard E. Grandy, I. Grattan-Guinness, John Greco, Philip T. Grier, Nicholas Griffin, Nicholas Griffin, David A. Griffiths, Paul J. Griffiths, Stephen R. Grimm, Charles L. Griswold, Charles B. Guignon, Pete A. Y. Gunter, Dimitri Gutas, Gary Gutting, Paul Guyer, Kwame Gyekye, Oscar A. Haac, Raul Hakli, Raul Hakli, Michael Hallett, Edward C. Halper, Jean Hampton, R. James Hankinson, K. R. Hanley, Russell Hardin, Robert M. Harnish, William Harper, David Harrah, Kevin Hart, Ali Hasan, William Hasker, John Haugeland, Roger Hausheer, William Heald, Peter Heath, Richard Heck, John F. Heil, Vincent F. Hendricks, Stephen Hetherington, Francis Heylighen, Kathleen Marie Higgins, Risto Hilpinen, Harold T. Hodes, Joshua Hoffman, Alan Holland, Robert L. Holmes, Richard Holton, Brad W. Hooker, Terence E. Horgan, Tamara Horowitz, Paul Horwich, Vittorio Hösle, Paul Hoβfeld, Daniel Howard-Snyder, Frances Howard-Snyder, Anne Hudson, Deal W. Hudson, Carl A. Huffman, David L. Hull, Patricia Huntington, Thomas Hurka, Paul Hurley, Rosalind Hursthouse, Guillermo Hurtado, Ronald E. Hustwit, Sarah Hutton, Jonathan Jenkins Ichikawa, Harry A. Ide, David Ingram, Philip J. Ivanhoe, Alfred L. Ivry, Frank Jackson, Dale Jacquette, Joseph Jedwab, Richard Jeffrey, David Alan Johnson, Edward Johnson, Mark D. Jordan, Richard Joyce, Hwa Yol Jung, Robert Hillary Kane, Tomis Kapitan, Jacquelyn Ann K. Kegley, James A. Keller, Ralph Kennedy, Sergei Khoruzhii, Jaegwon Kim, Yersu Kim, Nathan L. King, Patricia Kitcher, Peter D. Klein, E. D. Klemke, Virginia Klenk, George L. Kline, Christian Klotz, Simo Knuuttila, Joseph J. Kockelmans, Konstantin Kolenda, Sebastian Tomasz Kołodziejczyk, Isaac Kramnick, Richard Kraut, Fred Kroon, Manfred Kuehn, Steven T. Kuhn, Henry E. Kyburg, John Lachs, Jennifer Lackey, Stephen E. Lahey, Andrea Lavazza, Thomas H. Leahey, Joo Heung Lee, Keith Lehrer, Dorothy Leland, Noah M. Lemos, Ernest LePore, Sarah-Jane Leslie, Isaac Levi, Andrew Levine, Alan E. Lewis, Daniel E. Little, Shu-hsien Liu, Shu-hsien Liu, Alan K. L. Chan, Brian Loar, Lawrence B. Lombard, John Longeway, Dominic McIver Lopes, Michael J. Loux, E. J. Lowe, Steven Luper, Eugene C. Luschei, William G. Lycan, David Lyons, David Macarthur, Danielle Macbeth, Scott MacDonald, Jacob L. Mackey, Louis H. Mackey, Penelope Mackie, Edward H. Madden, Penelope Maddy, G. B. Madison, Bernd Magnus, Pekka Mäkelä, Rudolf A. Makkreel, David Manley, William E. Mann (W.E.M.), Vladimir Marchenkov, Peter Markie, Jean-Pierre Marquis, Ausonio Marras, Mike W. Martin, A. P. Martinich, William L. McBride, David McCabe, Storrs McCall, Hugh J. McCann, Robert N. McCauley, John J. McDermott, Sarah McGrath, Ralph McInerny, Daniel J. McKaughan, Thomas McKay, Michael McKinsey, Brian P. McLaughlin, Ernan McMullin, Anthonie Meijers, Jack W. Meiland, William Jason Melanson, Alfred R. Mele, Joseph R. Mendola, Christopher Menzel, Michael J. Meyer, Christian B. Miller, David W. Miller, Peter Millican, Robert N. Minor, Phillip Mitsis, James A. Montmarquet, Michael S. Moore, Tim Moore, Benjamin Morison, Donald R. Morrison, Stephen J. Morse, Paul K. Moser, Alexander P. D. Mourelatos, Ian Mueller, James Bernard Murphy, Mark C. Murphy, Steven Nadler, Jan Narveson, Alan Nelson, Jerome Neu, Samuel Newlands, Kai Nielsen, Ilkka Niiniluoto, Carlos G. Noreña, Calvin G. Normore, David Fate Norton, Nikolaj Nottelmann, Donald Nute, David S. Oderberg, Steve Odin, Michael O’Rourke, Willard G. Oxtoby, Heinz Paetzold, George S. Pappas, Anthony J. Parel, Lydia Patton, R. P. Peerenboom, Francis Jeffry Pelletier, Adriaan T. Peperzak, Derk Pereboom, Jaroslav Peregrin, Glen Pettigrove, Philip Pettit, Edmund L. Pincoffs, Andrew Pinsent, Robert B. Pippin, Alvin Plantinga, Louis P. Pojman, Richard H. Popkin, John F. Post, Carl J. Posy, William J. Prior, Richard Purtill, Michael Quante, Philip L. Quinn, Philip L. Quinn, Elizabeth S. Radcliffe, Diana Raffman, Gerard Raulet, Stephen L. Read, Andrews Reath, Andrew Reisner, Nicholas Rescher, Henry S. Richardson, Robert C. Richardson, Thomas Ricketts, Wayne D. Riggs, Mark Roberts, Robert C. Roberts, Luke Robinson, Alexander Rosenberg, Gary Rosenkranz, Bernice Glatzer Rosenthal, Adina L. Roskies, William L. Rowe, T. M. Rudavsky, Michael Ruse, Bruce Russell, Lilly-Marlene Russow, Dan Ryder, R. M. Sainsbury, Joseph Salerno, Nathan Salmon, Wesley C. Salmon, Constantine Sandis, David H. Sanford, Marco Santambrogio, David Sapire, Ruth A. Saunders, Geoffrey Sayre-McCord, Charles Sayward, James P. Scanlan, Richard Schacht, Tamar Schapiro, Frederick F. Schmitt, Jerome B. Schneewind, Calvin O. Schrag, Alan D. Schrift, George F. Schumm, Jean-Loup Seban, David N. Sedley, Kenneth Seeskin, Krister Segerberg, Charlene Haddock Seigfried, Dennis M. Senchuk, James F. Sennett, William Lad Sessions, Stewart Shapiro, Tommie Shelby, Donald W. Sherburne, Christopher Shields, Roger A. Shiner, Sydney Shoemaker, Robert K. Shope, Kwong-loi Shun, Wilfried Sieg, A. John Simmons, Robert L. Simon, Marcus G. Singer, Georgette Sinkler, Walter Sinnott-Armstrong, Matti T. Sintonen, Lawrence Sklar, Brian Skyrms, Robert C. Sleigh, Michael Anthony Slote, Hans Sluga, Barry Smith, Michael Smith, Robin Smith, Robert Sokolowski, Robert C. Solomon, Marta Soniewicka, Philip Soper, Ernest Sosa, Nicholas Southwood, Paul Vincent Spade, T. L. S. Sprigge, Eric O. Springsted, George J. Stack, Rebecca Stangl, Jason Stanley, Florian Steinberger, Sören Stenlund, Christopher Stephens, James P. Sterba, Josef Stern, Matthias Steup, M. A. Stewart, Leopold Stubenberg, Edith Dudley Sulla, Frederick Suppe, Jere Paul Surber, David George Sussman, Sigrún Svavarsdóttir, Zeno G. Swijtink, Richard Swinburne, Charles C. Taliaferro, Robert B. Talisse, John Tasioulas, Paul Teller, Larry S. Temkin, Mark Textor, H. S. Thayer, Peter Thielke, Alan Thomas, Amie L. Thomasson, Katherine Thomson-Jones, Joshua C. Thurow, Vzalerie Tiberius, Terrence N. Tice, Paul Tidman, Mark C. Timmons, William Tolhurst, James E. Tomberlin, Rosemarie Tong, Lawrence Torcello, Kelly Trogdon, J. D. Trout, Robert E. Tully, Raimo Tuomela, John Turri, Martin M. Tweedale, Thomas Uebel, Jennifer Uleman, James Van Cleve, Harry van der Linden, Peter van Inwagen, Bryan W. Van Norden, René van Woudenberg, Donald Phillip Verene, Samantha Vice, Thomas Vinci, Donald Wayne Viney, Barbara Von Eckardt, Peter B. M. Vranas, Steven J. Wagner, William J. Wainwright, Paul E. Walker, Robert E. Wall, Craig Walton, Douglas Walton, Eric Watkins, Richard A. Watson, Michael V. Wedin, Rudolph H. Weingartner, Paul Weirich, Paul J. Weithman, Carl Wellman, Howard Wettstein, Samuel C. Wheeler, Stephen A. White, Jennifer Whiting, Edward R. Wierenga, Michael Williams, Fred Wilson, W. Kent Wilson, Kenneth P. Winkler, John F. Wippel, Jan Woleński, Allan B. Wolter, Nicholas P. Wolterstorff, Rega Wood, W. Jay Wood, Paul Woodruff, Alison Wylie, Gideon Yaffe, Takashi Yagisawa, Yutaka Yamamoto, Keith E. Yandell, Xiaomei Yang, Dean Zimmerman, Günter Zoller, Catherine Zuckert, Michael Zuckert, Jack A. Zupko (J.A.Z.)
- Edited by Robert Audi, University of Notre Dame, Indiana
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- Book:
- The Cambridge Dictionary of Philosophy
- Published online:
- 05 August 2015
- Print publication:
- 27 April 2015, pp ix-xxx
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The Role of Topology and Tissue Mechanics in Remora Attachment
- Michael Culler, Keri A. Ledford, Jason H. Nadler
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- Journal:
- MRS Online Proceedings Library Archive / Volume 1648 / 2014
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 20 February 2014, mrsf13-1648-hh10-02
- Print publication:
- 2014
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Remora fish are capable of fast, reversible and reliable adhesion to a wide variety of both natural and artificial marine hosts through a uniquely evolved dorsal pad. This adhesion is partially attributed to suction, which requires a robust seal between the pad interior and the ambient environment. Understanding the behavior of remora adhesion based on measurable surface parameters and material properties is a critical step when creating artificial, bio-inspired devices. In this work, structural and fluid finite element models (FEM) based on a simplified “unit cell” geometry were developed to predict the behavior of the seal with respect to host/remora surface topology and tissue material properties.
Composite Structural Mechanics of Dorsal Lamella in Remora Fish
- Michael Culler, Jason H. Nadler
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- Journal:
- MRS Online Proceedings Library Archive / Volume 1619 / 2014
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 06 June 2014, mrsf13-1619-a02-08
- Print publication:
- 2014
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Remora fish have evolved a unique dorsal pad capable of fast, reversible adhesion to a large range of natural and artificial surfaces. The effectiveness of adhesion is due in part to the pad’s ability to dynamically conform and adapt to the geometry of its host. Simulations based on measured material properties and geometry can provide useful design metrics for biologically inspired design, and furthermore, serve as platform for virtual experiments. The pad itself consists of a lamellar, composite structure composed of mineralized and soft tissue. In this work, finite element models based on μCT scans and measured viscoelastic material properties elucidate the pad’s complex moduli frequency spectrum and response to different loading configurations.
Structures and Function of Remora Adhesion
- Jason H. Nadler, Allison J. Mercer, Michael Culler, Keri A. Ledford, Ryan Bloomquist, Angela Lin
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- Journal:
- MRS Online Proceedings Library Archive / Volume 1498 / 2013
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 21 February 2013, pp. 159-168
- Print publication:
- 2013
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Remoras (echeneid fish) reversibly attach and detach to marine hosts, almost instantaneously, to “hitchhike” and feed. The adhesion mechanisms that they use are remarkably insensitive to substrate topology and quite different from the latching and suction cup-based systems associated with other species at similar length scales. Remora adhesion is also anisotropic; drag forces induced by the swimming host increase adhesive strength, while rapid detachment occurs when the remora reverses this shear load. In this work, an investigation of the adhesive system’s functional morphology and tissue properties was carried out initially through dissection and x-ray microtomographic analyses. Resulting finite element models of these components have provided new insights into the adaptive, hierarchical nature of the mechanisms and a path toward a wide range of engineering applications.
Structural Characterization of Micron-scaled Reticulated Copper Foams
- Stephanie J Lin, Jason H. Nadler
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- Journal:
- MRS Online Proceedings Library Archive / Volume 1304 / 2011
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 21 March 2011, mrsf10-1304-z09-11
- Print publication:
- 2011
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The development of a multifunctional, micron-scaled, reticulated copper foam that reliably exhibits high intrinsic thermal conductivity, efficient capillary fluid and evaporative transport over a wide area presents a unique challenge. In this work, the relationship of critical foam processing variables such as sintering temperature and template size on the pore size distribution and pore neck/body ratio is investigated using image analysis. The resulting fluid permeability values of these foams are estimated by using the Kozeny Carman equation and the porosity, surface area per unit area and tortuosity obtained through image analysis. Estimating the fluid permeability of these foams is useful for predicting the mass and heat transfer within the porous network, and provides a metric for optimizing the foam’s structural characteristics for a particular application.
Parametric Studies on the Processing Parameters of a Thermally Wicking Material using Image Analysis
- Stephanie J. Lin, Jason H. Nadler
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- Journal:
- MRS Online Proceedings Library Archive / Volume 1188 / 2009
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 31 January 2011, 1188-LL03-06
- Print publication:
- 2009
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A heat pipe is a device that transports heat against gravity using a wicking material and evaporation-condensation cycle..In these systems a thermal wick moves fluid from the cool region of a heat pipe to the hot region, where evaporative cooling occurs. Due to the operating demands of a thermal wick, several microstructural features are integral to the performance of the wick: capillary radii, specific surface area and permeability. Measuring these properties of a thermal wick (capillary radii, specific surface area and permeability) is difficult, therefore image analysis methods of quantification of the critical properties of a thermal wick has been developed . However, the microstructure of a thermal wick contains semicontinuous pores, therefore connectivity of pores cannot be assumed during quantification of the critical properties.. Two processing parameters, sacrificial template particle size and sintering temperature, were varied during the thermal wick synthesis. Quantification of the critical properties of the thermal wick was performed using the newly developed method. The newly developed method was able to detect the an increase in the pore connectivity as the sintering temperature decreased, and an increase in the connectivity as the sacrificial template particle size decreased. The newly developed method was also able to describe the size distribution of individual pores as well as the hydraulic resistance and orientation of individual pores as well as estimate the porosity and true specific surface area of the different samples.
Oxide reduction and sintering of Fe–Cr alloy honeycombs
- Jason H. Nadler, Thomas H. Sanders, Jr., Robert F. Speyer
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- Journal:
- Journal of Materials Research / Volume 18 / Issue 8 / August 2003
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 31 January 2011, pp. 1787-1794
- Print publication:
- August 2003
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H2 reduction and densification of extruded Fe2O3–Cr2O3 mixtures with honeycomb geometry (0.3-mm wall thickness) were studied using dilatometry, x-ray diffraction, and scanning electron microscopy. Reduction of pure Fe2O3 heated at 5 °C/min was completed by approximately 525 °C. Two separate sintering steps ensued, well separated in temperature from reduction, one associated with elimination of pores between Fe agglomerates (750–900 °C), and the other associated with sintering of these agglomerates (995–1275 °C). With increasing Cr2O3 content, sintering was increasingly delayed until initiation of Cr2O3 reduction above 1000 °C. The α → γ iron phase transformations were consistent with the Fe–Cr phase diagram, but the γ → α transformations at higher temperatures deviated from the phase diagram because of the influence of impurities (Si, Ca) in the solid solution. Pure Cr2O3 honeycomb formed an approximately 35-μm-thick porous Cr coating that imposed a diffusion barrier to further reduction. The high vapor pressure of chromium prohibited compositions in excess of 25 wt.% Cr2O3 from full reduction and densification.