This paper presents new data on the metasomatic development of zoned ultramafic balls from Fiskenaesset, West Greenland. Field and petrographic evidence indicate retrogression of original ultrabasic inclusions in acid country rock gneisses to serpentinemagnesite assemblages, followed by regional metamorphism and consequent development of the zonal structure upon metasomatic re-equilibration via a supercritical aqueous fluid phase confined to grain boundaries. The balls show varying degrees of deviation from an ideal sequence (antigorite-talc-tremolite-hornblende-chlorite-country rock) intimated by non-equilibrium thermo-dynamics, the currently accepted conceptual framework for the discussion of diffusion metasomatism.

Major and trace-element variations behave in a similar manner to those reported from other zoned ultramafic balls but fail to define the original country rock ultrabasic discontinuity unambiguously. It is tentatively suggested that application of the apparently systematic deviations from ideality may provide additional evidence.

The presence of a hornblende zone and absence of a continuous biotite zone are two significant differences from other zoned ultramafic bodies. The former may suggest increased mobility of the aluminium species at Fiskenaesset, the latter a lower temperature of formation or smaller K2O content of the gneissic hosts.

Using behavioral and blood oxygen level dependent (BOLD) response indices through functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), the current study investigated whether youths with disruptive behavior disorders (conduct disorder and oppositional defiant disorder) plus psychopathic traits (DBD + PT) show aberrant sensitivity to eye gaze information generally and/or whether they show particular insensitivity to eye gaze information in the context of fearful expressions. The participants were 36 children and adolescents (ages 10–17 years); 17 had DBD + PT and 19 were healthy comparison subjects. Participants performed a spatial attention paradigm where spatial attention was cued by eye gaze in faces displaying fearful, angry, or neutral affect. Eye gaze sensitivity was indexed both behaviorally and as BOLD response. There were no group differences in behavioral response: both groups showed significantly faster responses if the target was in the congruent spatial direction indicated by eye gaze. Neither group showed a Congruence × Emotion interaction; neither group showed an advantage from the displayer's emotional expression behaviorally. However, the BOLD response revealed a significant Group × Congruence × Emotion interaction. The comparison youth showed increased activity within the dorsal endogenous orienting network (superior parietal lobule and inferior parietal sulcus) for fearful congruent relative to incongruent trials relative to the youth with DBD + PT. The results are discussed with reference to current models of DBD + PT and possible treatment innovations.