Predicting suicide risk remains a challenge. We examined whether neurocognitive performance on implicit associations toward suicide, motor speed, response inhibition, and executive functioning predicts suicide attempt and behavior in high-risk psychiatric patients.

Our sample (N = 298) consisted of inpatients (n = 161) and outpatients (n = 83) admitted for a suicide attempt (SA; n = 78), for suicidal ideation (SI; n = 76), or were non-suicidal psychiatric controls (PC; n = 90), and healthy controls (HC; n = 54). Participants were followed for 12 months, with follow-up assessments at 3-, 6-, and 12-months. Neurocognitive tasks were administered at baseline. Clinical symptom measures, suicidality, and electronic health record data were collected at each timepoint. ANCOVA was used to compare groups on neurocognitive performance, and logistic and Cox regressions examined whether neurocognitive performance predicted future actual suicide attempt and suicidal behaviors.

Participants had a mean age of 24.34 years (SD = 3.71). A total of 19 participants made an actual suicide attempt during the study. On neurocognitive tasks at baseline, the SA group had stronger implicit associations with death- and suicide-related words compared to the HC (d = 0.88, p < 0.001) and SI (d = 0.63, p = 0.005) groups and poorer executive functioning than the SI (d = 0.44, p = 0.043) group in multivariate models. Stronger implicit associations with death/suicide predicted higher risk of suicide attempts at the univariate (HR = 1.68 p = 000), but not multivariate level (HR = 1.17 p = 000), while slower motor speed predicted actual suicide attempts (HR = 1.81 p = 000) at the multivariate level.

Slower motor speed predicts actual suicide attempt and may help identify psychiatric patients who are at high risk for suicidal behavior.

The COVID-19 pandemic has exerted significant mental health impacts worldwide, with a major concern in the literature being its potential effect on suicide rates. Brazil, one of the countries most severely affected by the pandemic, still lacks clear evidence regarding the consequences of the crisis on self-inflicted deaths. This paper aims to estimate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on suicide rates in Brazil.

We employed an interrupted time series design with seasonal adjustments to estimate changes in suicide rates per 100,000 population. The analysis was based on deaths from all forms of self-inflicted injury, as classified by the International Classification of Diseases. We estimated trends for the total population, stratified by sex and administrative region.

Suicide rates increased significantly before the pandemic (β₁ = 0.00148, p < 0.001). No significant change in trend was observed after the onset of the pandemic at the national level (β₃ = 0.00092, p > 0.05). Among men, both the pre-pandemic trend (β₁ = 0.00236, p < 0.001) and the post-pandemic increase (β₃ = 0.00155, p < 0.05) were significant. For women, the pre-pandemic trend was modest (β₁ = 0.00065, p < 0.001), and the post-pandemic slope was not significant (β₃ = 0.00033, p = 0.10). Regionally, the Central-West (β₃ = 0.00217, p < 0.01) and North (β₃ = 0.00186, p < 0.05) experienced significant post-pandemic increases, while the Southeast (β₃ = 0.00087, p > 0.05) and South (β₃ = −0.00034, p > 0.05) showed no significant changes. Seasonal effects revealed consistent mid-year declines across all groups and regions.

The COVID-19 pandemic did not produce a statistically significant shift in national suicide trends but coincided with the persistence of pre-existing upward patterns in specific demographic and regional contexts. These findings underscore the need for targeted and region-specific suicide prevention strategies.

In The Netherlands, it is unknown whether the number of youth suicide-related emergency department visits has changed over time. Also, insight is needed in the hospital costs for managing these patients, as a first step toward the economic evaluation of suicide prevention measures.

This study examines (a) changes in emergency department-recorded suicide attempts, suicidal ideation and non-suicidal self-injury in youth, including repeat emergency department visits; and (b) related hospital costs for these patients, from a health insurer perspective.

In this cross-sectional study, data from various sources was combined to identify all youth aged ≤27 years visiting a Dutch inner-city emergency department between 2016 and 2023 for a suicide attempt, suicidal ideation or non-suicidal self-injury. Hospital records were reviewed manually to determine inclusion. Ambiguities were discussed within an expert panel and descriptive analyses, Poisson regression and logistic regression analyses were performed. For a subset of 30 patients, invoiced costs were determined.

The number of suicide attempts increased by approximately 5% annually, peaking in 2022 (n = 172); there were significantly more female patients (71%), and the median age was 21 years. Cases of suicidal ideation showed a similar trend, whereas the number of recorded non-suicidal self-injuries reduced. A total of 28.5% of all patients (n = 281) had one or multiple repeat visits for the above reasons. Median suicide attempt-related costs per case were €930, range €385–€33 473.

Since 2016, an increasing number of youth visited the emergency department of a Dutch hospital after a suicide attempt, but this increase does not seem to continue after 2022. Hospital-invoiced costs differ substantially between patients.

Although clinically framed as a public health concern, the meanings of suicide are fundamentally shaped by cultural narratives and visual representations.

To examine the evolution of sculptural representations of suicide from antiquity to the present, and to interpret these works through psychiatric and sociological lenses relevant to contemporary clinical and public health discourse.

A structured search across PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science (up to August 2025) was integrated with museum archives and art-historical catalogues. Selected sculptural works were analysed as interpretive case studies using iconographic, semiotic and contextual approaches. Interpretation focused on affective and relational processes such as psychological pain (psychache), shame, entrapment and social disconnection prioritising cultural formulation over retrospective diagnostic attribution in historical cases.

Sculptural representations frame suicide through shifting moral and social logics: from honour-bound self-death in antiquity and virtue-coded narratives in the early-modern period to interiority and estrangement in modernity. Contemporary public installations shift this focus towards visibility, urban space and prevention. These works externalise private suffering and structural conditions (e.g. isolation, stigma), actively shaping collective imaginaries of self-destruction.

Sculpture provides a unique medium for the translation of individual suffering and the collective meanings of suicide into public form. An interdisciplinary reading of these works supports culturally informed clinical reflection and contributes to ethically attentive public communication and prevention strategies.

C-reactive protein (CRP) has been studied in relation to bipolar disorder (BD) and suicidality independently. Although suicide risk is elevated in youth with BD, little is known about the association of CRP with suicidality in this population.

211 youth participated, including 23 BD with lifetime suicide attempts (BDSA), 45 BD with lifetime non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI; BDNSSI), 39 BD without lifetime suicide attempt or NSSI (BDNo-SA/NSSI), and 104 healthy controls (HC). Suicide attempts and NSSI were assessed systematically. Fasting blood samples yielded CRP levels. Primary analyses controlled for age, sex, and body mass index percentile.

CRP levels differed across groups (F3,204 = 3.40, p = 0.02, ηp2 = 0.05). In post hoc analyses, CRP levels were significantly higher among BDSA (3.44 ± 6.42 mg/L) vs HC (0.81 ± 0.90 mg/L; p < 0.01) and BDNo-SA/NSSI (1.42 ± 3.31 mg/L; p = 0.01) groups; however, no difference was seen with the BDNSSI group (1.83 ± 2.22 mg/L; p = 0.12). Between-group differences in CRP levels persisted in independent sensitivity analyses controlling for current mood symptoms, lifetime mania score, lifetime smoking, and medications, but not with lifetime depression score.

Suicide attempts among youth with BD are associated with elevated CRP. Given accessibility of CRP testing, the present findings have potential clinical implications. Larger, longitudinal studies with repeated measures are needed to examine time-varying associations between CRP and suicide risk among youth with BD.

Interpersonal violence is a known risk factor for suicide, but its impact across racial and ethnic groups, particularly among Black and Indigenous youth, remains underexplored.

We conducted a nationwide longitudinal study involving 9,788,264 individuals aged 10–29 years who were enrolled in the 100 Million Brazilian Cohort and linked to Notifiable Diseases Information System (SINAN), National Hospital Information System (SIH) and Mortality Information System (SIM) (2011–2018). Exposure was any recorded interpersonal violence; the outcome was suicide (ICD-10 X60–X84). Cox models adjusted for demographic, socioeconomic, household factors, prior psychiatric hospitalization, and self-harm. Analyses were stratified by race.

During follow-up, 92,287 (0·94%) individuals had a record of interpersonal violence, and 1,657 suicides were identified. Exposure to violence was associated with a higher risk of suicide (HR 2·92; 95% CI 2·06–4·15). Associations were strongest among Indigenous youth (HR 10.61; 95% CI 4.34–25.94), followed by Black youth (HR 3.14; 95% CI 1.92–5.14). No significant association was observed among White youth.

Interpersonal violence is a major risk factor for youth suicide in Brazil, disproportionately affecting Indigenous and Black populations. Addressing systemic racism and structural inequalities is essential for equitable suicide prevention.

Emergency department mental health practitioners (MHPs) decide onward care for individuals presenting with self-harm or suicidal ideation. However, their experiences and practices in making these decisions remain underexplored.

To synthesise research on MHPs’ experiences and practices in making decisions about onward care for patients presenting to emergency departments with self-harm or suicidal ideation.

We searched six databases (inception to July 2024) for empirical studies of MHPs making care decisions for self-harm or suicidal patients in emergency departments. We used a segregated mixed-methods design, applying narrative synthesis of quantitative data and thematic synthesis of qualitative data.

Eleven studies were included (one quantitative, one mixed-methods, nine qualitative). Narrative synthesis of quantitative data produced two themes: (a) subjective decision-making and variability among MHPs and (b) impact of the institutional mandate to discharge within 4 h on referral outcomes. Thematic synthesis of qualitative data generated five themes: (a) risk-centric culture is anti-therapeutic and shapes defensive practice, scepticism toward patients and burnout; (b) time and environmental pressures impact therapeutic potential of assessments; (c) ‘battling’ to access services: gatekeeping, cycles of repeat attendances affecting patient safety and staff moral injury; (d) strategies to facilitate access and extending care to overcome challenges in the emergency department and (e) potential for training to counter negative attitudes and stereotypes.

Intersecting institutional, systemic and emotional pressures shape MHPs’ practices, undermining assessment quality and access to care. System-level reforms and training should promote relational, compassionate care. Limited quantitative evidence restricted integration, and the review reflects high-income Western settings.

Intimate partner violence (IPV) victimization is associated with suicidal behaviour. Suicidal behaviour may also be raised among those who perpetrate IPV compared to those who do not; general population-based evidence is, however, lacking. We aimed to investigate the associations between using violence against an intimate partner with suicidal thoughts, suicide attempt and non-suicidal self-harm in the past year.

We analysed data from the 2014 Adult Psychiatric Morbidity Survey. Logistic regressions estimated associations between IPV perpetration and suicide attempt, suicidal ideation, and self-harm. Associations were estimated for men and women separately, and we explored interaction in estimates by IPV victimization.

After adjustment for demographic and socioeconomic covariates, lifetime IPV perpetration was strongly associated with past-year suicide attempt (men: odds ratio [OR] 3.6, 95% confidence interval 1.0–13.2, women: OR 4.2, 1.9–9.4), suicidal ideation (men: OR 2.7, 1.5–4.9, women: OR 2.6, 1.7–4.1) and self-harm (men: OR 4.9, 1.5–15.2, women: OR 3.3, 1.8–6.0). Estimates were substantially attenuated with adjustment for non-IPV life adversities, hazardous alcohol use, drug use and IPV victimization. Only the association with lifetime suicide attempt in women remained significant (OR 1.6, 1.1–2.3). Estimates were generally higher among those who had not experienced IPV victimization, although we found no evidence for interaction by IPV victimization on the association between IPV perpetration and suicidal behaviour.

There were greater odds of suicidality and self-harm among self-reported perpetrators of IPV compared to the general population. Many of these associations were accounted for by non-IPV life adversities, IPV victimization and substance use. Improving the identification and management of IPV perpetration, and developing targeted safety planning and interventions for this group could reduce suicide for perpetrators and victims of IPV.