33 results
SPICA—A Large Cryogenic Infrared Space Telescope: Unveiling the Obscured Universe
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- P. R. Roelfsema, H. Shibai, L. Armus, D. Arrazola, M. Audard, M. D. Audley, C.M. Bradford, I. Charles, P. Dieleman, Y. Doi, L. Duband, M. Eggens, J. Evers, I. Funaki, J. R. Gao, M. Giard, A. di Giorgio, L. M. González Fernández, M. Griffin, F. P. Helmich, R. Hijmering, R. Huisman, D. Ishihara, N. Isobe, B. Jackson, H. Jacobs, W. Jellema, I. Kamp, H. Kaneda, M. Kawada, F. Kemper, F. Kerschbaum, P. Khosropanah, K. Kohno, P. P. Kooijman, O. Krause, J. van der Kuur, J. Kwon, W. M. Laauwen, G. de Lange, B. Larsson, D. van Loon, S. C. Madden, H. Matsuhara, F. Najarro, T. Nakagawa, D. Naylor, H. Ogawa, T. Onaka, S. Oyabu, A. Poglitsch, V. Reveret, L. Rodriguez, L. Spinoglio, I. Sakon, Y. Sato, K. Shinozaki, R. Shipman, H. Sugita, T. Suzuki, F. F. S. van der Tak, J. Torres Redondo, T. Wada, S. Y. Wang, C. K. Wafelbakker, H. van Weers, S. Withington, B. Vandenbussche, T. Yamada, I. Yamamura
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- Journal:
- Publications of the Astronomical Society of Australia / Volume 35 / 2018
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 28 August 2018, e030
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Measurements in the infrared wavelength domain allow direct assessment of the physical state and energy balance of cool matter in space, enabling the detailed study of the processes that govern the formation and evolution of stars and planetary systems in galaxies over cosmic time. Previous infrared missions revealed a great deal about the obscured Universe, but were hampered by limited sensitivity.
SPICA takes the next step in infrared observational capability by combining a large 2.5-meter diameter telescope, cooled to below 8 K, with instruments employing ultra-sensitive detectors. A combination of passive cooling and mechanical coolers will be used to cool both the telescope and the instruments. With mechanical coolers the mission lifetime is not limited by the supply of cryogen. With the combination of low telescope background and instruments with state-of-the-art detectors SPICA provides a huge advance on the capabilities of previous missions.
SPICA instruments offer spectral resolving power ranging from R ~50 through 11 000 in the 17–230 μm domain and R ~28.000 spectroscopy between 12 and 18 μm. SPICA will provide efficient 30–37 μm broad band mapping, and small field spectroscopic and polarimetric imaging at 100, 200 and 350 μm. SPICA will provide infrared spectroscopy with an unprecedented sensitivity of ~5 × 10−20 W m−2 (5σ/1 h)—over two orders of magnitude improvement over what earlier missions. This exceptional performance leap, will open entirely new domains in infrared astronomy; galaxy evolution and metal production over cosmic time, dust formation and evolution from very early epochs onwards, the formation history of planetary systems.
Summary of the Snowmastodon Project Special Volume A high-elevation, multi-proxy biotic and environmental record of MIS 6–4 from the Ziegler Reservoir fossil site, Snowmass Village, Colorado, USA
- Ian M. Miller, Jeffrey S. Pigati, R. Scott Anderson, Kirk R. Johnson, Shannon A. Mahan, Thomas A. Ager, Richard G. Baker, Maarten Blaauw, Jordon Bright, Peter M. Brown, Bruce Bryant, Zachary T. Calamari, Paul E. Carrara, Michael D. Cherney, John R. Demboski, Scott A. Elias, Daniel C. Fisher, Harrison J. Gray, Danielle R. Haskett, Jeffrey S. Honke, Stephen T. Jackson, Gonzalo Jiménez-Moreno, Douglas Kline, Eric M. Leonard, Nathaniel A. Lifton, Carol Lucking, H. Gregory McDonald, Dane M. Miller, Daniel R. Muhs, Stephen E. Nash, Cody Newton, James B. Paces, Lesley Petrie, Mitchell A. Plummer, David F. Porinchu, Adam N. Rountrey, Eric Scott, Joseph J.W. Sertich, Saxon E. Sharpe, Gary L. Skipp, Laura E. Strickland, Richard K. Stucky, Robert S. Thompson, Jim Wilson
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- Quaternary Research / Volume 82 / Issue 3 / November 2014
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 20 January 2017, pp. 618-634
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In North America, terrestrial records of biodiversity and climate change that span Marine Oxygen Isotope Stage (MIS) 5 are rare. Where found, they provide insight into how the coupling of the ocean–atmosphere system is manifested in biotic and environmental records and how the biosphere responds to climate change. In 2010–2011, construction at Ziegler Reservoir near Snowmass Village, Colorado (USA) revealed a nearly continuous, lacustrine/wetland sedimentary sequence that preserved evidence of past plant communities between ~140 and 55 ka, including all of MIS 5. At an elevation of 2705 m, the Ziegler Reservoir fossil site also contained thousands of well-preserved bones of late Pleistocene megafauna, including mastodons, mammoths, ground sloths, horses, camels, deer, bison, black bear, coyotes, and bighorn sheep. In addition, the site contained more than 26,000 bones from at least 30 species of small animals including salamanders, otters, muskrats, minks, rabbits, beavers, frogs, lizards, snakes, fish, and birds. The combination of macro- and micro-vertebrates, invertebrates, terrestrial and aquatic plant macrofossils, a detailed pollen record, and a robust, directly dated stratigraphic framework shows that high-elevation ecosystems in the Rocky Mountains of Colorado are climatically sensitive and varied dramatically throughout MIS 5.
Multistate outbreak of Listeria monocytogenes infections linked to whole apples used in commercially produced, prepackaged caramel apples: United States, 2014–2015
- K. M. ANGELO, A. R. CONRAD, A. SAUPE, H. DRAGOO, N. WEST, A. SORENSON, A. BARNES, M. DOYLE, J. BEAL, K. A. JACKSON, S. STROIKA, C. TARR, Z. KUCEROVA, S. LANCE, L. H. GOULD, M. WISE, B. R. JACKSON
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- Journal:
- Epidemiology & Infection / Volume 145 / Issue 5 / April 2017
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 09 January 2017, pp. 848-856
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Whole apples have not been previously implicated in outbreaks of foodborne bacterial illness. We investigated a nationwide listeriosis outbreak associated with caramel apples. We defined an outbreak-associated case as an infection with one or both of two outbreak strains of Listeria monocytogenes highly related by whole-genome multilocus sequence typing (wgMLST) from 1 October 2014 to 1 February 2015. Single-interviewer open-ended interviews identified the source. Outbreak-associated cases were compared with non-outbreak-associated cases and traceback and environmental investigations were performed. We identified 35 outbreak-associated cases in 12 states; 34 (97%) were hospitalized and seven (20%) died. Outbreak-associated ill persons were more likely to have eaten commercially produced, prepackaged caramel apples (odds ratio 326·7, 95% confidence interval 32·2–3314). Environmental samples from the grower's packing facility and distribution-chain whole apples yielded isolates highly related to outbreak isolates by wgMLST. This outbreak highlights the importance of minimizing produce contamination with L. monocytogenes. Investigators should perform single-interviewer open-ended interviews when a food is not readily identified.
The Australian Square Kilometre Array Pathfinder: Performance of the Boolardy Engineering Test Array
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- D. McConnell, J. R. Allison, K. Bannister, M. E. Bell, H. E. Bignall, A. P. Chippendale, P. G. Edwards, L. Harvey-Smith, S. Hegarty, I. Heywood, A. W. Hotan, B. T. Indermuehle, E. Lenc, J. Marvil, A. Popping, W. Raja, J. E. Reynolds, R. J. Sault, P. Serra, M. A. Voronkov, M. Whiting, S. W. Amy, P. Axtens, L. Ball, T. J. Bateman, D. C.-J. Bock, R. Bolton, D. Brodrick, M. Brothers, A. J. Brown, J. D. Bunton, W. Cheng, T. Cornwell, D. DeBoer, I. Feain, R. Gough, N. Gupta, J. C. Guzman, G. A. Hampson, S. Hay, D. B. Hayman, S. Hoyle, B. Humphreys, C. Jacka, C. A. Jackson, S. Jackson, K. Jeganathan, J. Joseph, B. S. Koribalski, M. Leach, E. S. Lensson, A. MacLeod, S. Mackay, M. Marquarding, N. M. McClure-Griffiths, P. Mirtschin, D. Mitchell, S. Neuhold, A. Ng, R. Norris, S. Pearce, R. Y. Qiao, A. E. T. Schinckel, M. Shields, T. W. Shimwell, M. Storey, E. Troup, B. Turner, J. Tuthill, A. Tzioumis, R. M. Wark, T. Westmeier, C. Wilson, T. Wilson
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- Publications of the Astronomical Society of Australia / Volume 33 / 2016
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 09 September 2016, e042
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We describe the performance of the Boolardy Engineering Test Array, the prototype for the Australian Square Kilometre Array Pathfinder telescope. Boolardy Engineering Test Array is the first aperture synthesis radio telescope to use phased array feed technology, giving it the ability to electronically form up to nine dual-polarisation beams. We report the methods developed for forming and measuring the beams, and the adaptations that have been made to the traditional calibration and imaging procedures in order to allow BETA to function as a multi-beam aperture synthesis telescope. We describe the commissioning of the instrument and present details of Boolardy Engineering Test Array’s performance: sensitivity, beam characteristics, polarimetric properties, and image quality. We summarise the astronomical science that it has produced and draw lessons from operating Boolardy Engineering Test Array that will be relevant to the commissioning and operation of the final Australian Square Kilometre Array Path telescope.
Contributors
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- By Mitchell Aboulafia, Frederick Adams, Marilyn McCord Adams, Robert M. Adams, Laird Addis, James W. Allard, David Allison, William P. Alston, Karl Ameriks, C. Anthony Anderson, David Leech Anderson, Lanier Anderson, Roger Ariew, David Armstrong, Denis G. Arnold, E. J. Ashworth, Margaret Atherton, Robin Attfield, Bruce Aune, Edward Wilson Averill, Jody Azzouni, Kent Bach, Andrew Bailey, Lynne Rudder Baker, Thomas R. Baldwin, Jon Barwise, George Bealer, William Bechtel, Lawrence C. Becker, Mark A. Bedau, Ernst Behler, José A. Benardete, Ermanno Bencivenga, Jan Berg, Michael Bergmann, Robert L. Bernasconi, Sven Bernecker, Bernard Berofsky, Rod Bertolet, Charles J. Beyer, Christian Beyer, Joseph Bien, Joseph Bien, Peg Birmingham, Ivan Boh, James Bohman, Daniel Bonevac, Laurence BonJour, William J. Bouwsma, Raymond D. Bradley, Myles Brand, Richard B. Brandt, Michael E. Bratman, Stephen E. Braude, Daniel Breazeale, Angela Breitenbach, Jason Bridges, David O. Brink, Gordon G. Brittan, Justin Broackes, Dan W. Brock, Aaron Bronfman, Jeffrey E. Brower, Bartosz Brozek, Anthony Brueckner, Jeffrey Bub, Lara Buchak, Otavio Bueno, Ann E. Bumpus, Robert W. Burch, John Burgess, Arthur W. Burks, Panayot Butchvarov, Robert E. Butts, Marina Bykova, Patrick Byrne, David Carr, Noël Carroll, Edward S. Casey, Victor Caston, Victor Caston, Albert Casullo, Robert L. Causey, Alan K. L. Chan, Ruth Chang, Deen K. Chatterjee, Andrew Chignell, Roderick M. Chisholm, Kelly J. Clark, E. J. Coffman, Robin Collins, Brian P. Copenhaver, John Corcoran, John Cottingham, Roger Crisp, Frederick J. Crosson, Antonio S. Cua, Phillip D. Cummins, Martin Curd, Adam Cureton, Andrew Cutrofello, Stephen Darwall, Paul Sheldon Davies, Wayne A. Davis, Timothy Joseph Day, Claudio de Almeida, Mario De Caro, Mario De Caro, John Deigh, C. F. Delaney, Daniel C. Dennett, Michael R. DePaul, Michael Detlefsen, Daniel Trent Devereux, Philip E. Devine, John M. Dillon, Martin C. Dillon, Robert DiSalle, Mary Domski, Alan Donagan, Paul Draper, Fred Dretske, Mircea Dumitru, Wilhelm Dupré, Gerald Dworkin, John Earman, Ellery Eells, Catherine Z. Elgin, Berent Enç, Ronald P. Endicott, Edward Erwin, John Etchemendy, C. Stephen Evans, Susan L. Feagin, Solomon Feferman, Richard Feldman, Arthur Fine, Maurice A. Finocchiaro, William FitzPatrick, Richard E. Flathman, Gvozden Flego, Richard Foley, Graeme Forbes, Rainer Forst, Malcolm R. Forster, Daniel Fouke, Patrick Francken, Samuel Freeman, Elizabeth Fricker, Miranda Fricker, Michael Friedman, Michael Fuerstein, Richard A. Fumerton, Alan Gabbey, Pieranna Garavaso, Daniel Garber, Jorge L. A. Garcia, Robert K. Garcia, Don Garrett, Philip Gasper, Gerald Gaus, Berys Gaut, Bernard Gert, Roger F. Gibson, Cody Gilmore, Carl Ginet, Alan H. Goldman, Alvin I. Goldman, Alfonso Gömez-Lobo, Lenn E. Goodman, Robert M. Gordon, Stefan Gosepath, Jorge J. E. Gracia, Daniel W. Graham, George A. Graham, Peter J. Graham, Richard E. Grandy, I. Grattan-Guinness, John Greco, Philip T. Grier, Nicholas Griffin, Nicholas Griffin, David A. Griffiths, Paul J. Griffiths, Stephen R. Grimm, Charles L. Griswold, Charles B. Guignon, Pete A. Y. Gunter, Dimitri Gutas, Gary Gutting, Paul Guyer, Kwame Gyekye, Oscar A. Haac, Raul Hakli, Raul Hakli, Michael Hallett, Edward C. Halper, Jean Hampton, R. James Hankinson, K. R. Hanley, Russell Hardin, Robert M. Harnish, William Harper, David Harrah, Kevin Hart, Ali Hasan, William Hasker, John Haugeland, Roger Hausheer, William Heald, Peter Heath, Richard Heck, John F. Heil, Vincent F. Hendricks, Stephen Hetherington, Francis Heylighen, Kathleen Marie Higgins, Risto Hilpinen, Harold T. Hodes, Joshua Hoffman, Alan Holland, Robert L. Holmes, Richard Holton, Brad W. Hooker, Terence E. Horgan, Tamara Horowitz, Paul Horwich, Vittorio Hösle, Paul Hoβfeld, Daniel Howard-Snyder, Frances Howard-Snyder, Anne Hudson, Deal W. Hudson, Carl A. Huffman, David L. Hull, Patricia Huntington, Thomas Hurka, Paul Hurley, Rosalind Hursthouse, Guillermo Hurtado, Ronald E. Hustwit, Sarah Hutton, Jonathan Jenkins Ichikawa, Harry A. Ide, David Ingram, Philip J. Ivanhoe, Alfred L. Ivry, Frank Jackson, Dale Jacquette, Joseph Jedwab, Richard Jeffrey, David Alan Johnson, Edward Johnson, Mark D. Jordan, Richard Joyce, Hwa Yol Jung, Robert Hillary Kane, Tomis Kapitan, Jacquelyn Ann K. Kegley, James A. Keller, Ralph Kennedy, Sergei Khoruzhii, Jaegwon Kim, Yersu Kim, Nathan L. King, Patricia Kitcher, Peter D. Klein, E. D. Klemke, Virginia Klenk, George L. Kline, Christian Klotz, Simo Knuuttila, Joseph J. Kockelmans, Konstantin Kolenda, Sebastian Tomasz Kołodziejczyk, Isaac Kramnick, Richard Kraut, Fred Kroon, Manfred Kuehn, Steven T. Kuhn, Henry E. Kyburg, John Lachs, Jennifer Lackey, Stephen E. Lahey, Andrea Lavazza, Thomas H. Leahey, Joo Heung Lee, Keith Lehrer, Dorothy Leland, Noah M. Lemos, Ernest LePore, Sarah-Jane Leslie, Isaac Levi, Andrew Levine, Alan E. Lewis, Daniel E. Little, Shu-hsien Liu, Shu-hsien Liu, Alan K. L. Chan, Brian Loar, Lawrence B. Lombard, John Longeway, Dominic McIver Lopes, Michael J. Loux, E. J. Lowe, Steven Luper, Eugene C. Luschei, William G. Lycan, David Lyons, David Macarthur, Danielle Macbeth, Scott MacDonald, Jacob L. Mackey, Louis H. Mackey, Penelope Mackie, Edward H. Madden, Penelope Maddy, G. B. Madison, Bernd Magnus, Pekka Mäkelä, Rudolf A. Makkreel, David Manley, William E. Mann (W.E.M.), Vladimir Marchenkov, Peter Markie, Jean-Pierre Marquis, Ausonio Marras, Mike W. Martin, A. P. Martinich, William L. McBride, David McCabe, Storrs McCall, Hugh J. McCann, Robert N. McCauley, John J. McDermott, Sarah McGrath, Ralph McInerny, Daniel J. McKaughan, Thomas McKay, Michael McKinsey, Brian P. McLaughlin, Ernan McMullin, Anthonie Meijers, Jack W. Meiland, William Jason Melanson, Alfred R. Mele, Joseph R. Mendola, Christopher Menzel, Michael J. Meyer, Christian B. Miller, David W. Miller, Peter Millican, Robert N. Minor, Phillip Mitsis, James A. Montmarquet, Michael S. Moore, Tim Moore, Benjamin Morison, Donald R. Morrison, Stephen J. Morse, Paul K. Moser, Alexander P. D. Mourelatos, Ian Mueller, James Bernard Murphy, Mark C. Murphy, Steven Nadler, Jan Narveson, Alan Nelson, Jerome Neu, Samuel Newlands, Kai Nielsen, Ilkka Niiniluoto, Carlos G. Noreña, Calvin G. Normore, David Fate Norton, Nikolaj Nottelmann, Donald Nute, David S. Oderberg, Steve Odin, Michael O’Rourke, Willard G. Oxtoby, Heinz Paetzold, George S. Pappas, Anthony J. Parel, Lydia Patton, R. P. Peerenboom, Francis Jeffry Pelletier, Adriaan T. Peperzak, Derk Pereboom, Jaroslav Peregrin, Glen Pettigrove, Philip Pettit, Edmund L. Pincoffs, Andrew Pinsent, Robert B. Pippin, Alvin Plantinga, Louis P. Pojman, Richard H. Popkin, John F. Post, Carl J. Posy, William J. Prior, Richard Purtill, Michael Quante, Philip L. Quinn, Philip L. Quinn, Elizabeth S. Radcliffe, Diana Raffman, Gerard Raulet, Stephen L. Read, Andrews Reath, Andrew Reisner, Nicholas Rescher, Henry S. Richardson, Robert C. Richardson, Thomas Ricketts, Wayne D. Riggs, Mark Roberts, Robert C. Roberts, Luke Robinson, Alexander Rosenberg, Gary Rosenkranz, Bernice Glatzer Rosenthal, Adina L. Roskies, William L. Rowe, T. M. Rudavsky, Michael Ruse, Bruce Russell, Lilly-Marlene Russow, Dan Ryder, R. M. Sainsbury, Joseph Salerno, Nathan Salmon, Wesley C. Salmon, Constantine Sandis, David H. Sanford, Marco Santambrogio, David Sapire, Ruth A. Saunders, Geoffrey Sayre-McCord, Charles Sayward, James P. Scanlan, Richard Schacht, Tamar Schapiro, Frederick F. Schmitt, Jerome B. Schneewind, Calvin O. Schrag, Alan D. Schrift, George F. Schumm, Jean-Loup Seban, David N. Sedley, Kenneth Seeskin, Krister Segerberg, Charlene Haddock Seigfried, Dennis M. Senchuk, James F. Sennett, William Lad Sessions, Stewart Shapiro, Tommie Shelby, Donald W. Sherburne, Christopher Shields, Roger A. Shiner, Sydney Shoemaker, Robert K. Shope, Kwong-loi Shun, Wilfried Sieg, A. John Simmons, Robert L. Simon, Marcus G. Singer, Georgette Sinkler, Walter Sinnott-Armstrong, Matti T. Sintonen, Lawrence Sklar, Brian Skyrms, Robert C. Sleigh, Michael Anthony Slote, Hans Sluga, Barry Smith, Michael Smith, Robin Smith, Robert Sokolowski, Robert C. Solomon, Marta Soniewicka, Philip Soper, Ernest Sosa, Nicholas Southwood, Paul Vincent Spade, T. L. S. Sprigge, Eric O. Springsted, George J. Stack, Rebecca Stangl, Jason Stanley, Florian Steinberger, Sören Stenlund, Christopher Stephens, James P. Sterba, Josef Stern, Matthias Steup, M. A. Stewart, Leopold Stubenberg, Edith Dudley Sulla, Frederick Suppe, Jere Paul Surber, David George Sussman, Sigrún Svavarsdóttir, Zeno G. Swijtink, Richard Swinburne, Charles C. Taliaferro, Robert B. Talisse, John Tasioulas, Paul Teller, Larry S. Temkin, Mark Textor, H. S. Thayer, Peter Thielke, Alan Thomas, Amie L. Thomasson, Katherine Thomson-Jones, Joshua C. Thurow, Vzalerie Tiberius, Terrence N. Tice, Paul Tidman, Mark C. Timmons, William Tolhurst, James E. Tomberlin, Rosemarie Tong, Lawrence Torcello, Kelly Trogdon, J. D. Trout, Robert E. Tully, Raimo Tuomela, John Turri, Martin M. Tweedale, Thomas Uebel, Jennifer Uleman, James Van Cleve, Harry van der Linden, Peter van Inwagen, Bryan W. Van Norden, René van Woudenberg, Donald Phillip Verene, Samantha Vice, Thomas Vinci, Donald Wayne Viney, Barbara Von Eckardt, Peter B. M. Vranas, Steven J. Wagner, William J. Wainwright, Paul E. Walker, Robert E. Wall, Craig Walton, Douglas Walton, Eric Watkins, Richard A. Watson, Michael V. Wedin, Rudolph H. Weingartner, Paul Weirich, Paul J. Weithman, Carl Wellman, Howard Wettstein, Samuel C. Wheeler, Stephen A. White, Jennifer Whiting, Edward R. Wierenga, Michael Williams, Fred Wilson, W. Kent Wilson, Kenneth P. Winkler, John F. Wippel, Jan Woleński, Allan B. Wolter, Nicholas P. Wolterstorff, Rega Wood, W. Jay Wood, Paul Woodruff, Alison Wylie, Gideon Yaffe, Takashi Yagisawa, Yutaka Yamamoto, Keith E. Yandell, Xiaomei Yang, Dean Zimmerman, Günter Zoller, Catherine Zuckert, Michael Zuckert, Jack A. Zupko (J.A.Z.)
- Edited by Robert Audi, University of Notre Dame, Indiana
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- The Cambridge Dictionary of Philosophy
- Published online:
- 05 August 2015
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- 27 April 2015, pp ix-xxx
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Contributors
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- By Robert R. H. Anholt, M. Fernanda Ceriani, Ann-Shyn Chiang, Anupama Dahanukar, Brigitte Dauwalder, J. Steven de Belle, Claude Desplan, Taylor R. Fore, Leslie C. Griffith, Yukinori Hirano, Ken Honjo, Junjiro Horiuchi, Bryon N. Hughson, George R. Jackson, Charalambos P. Kyriacou, Ricardo Leitão-Gonçalves, Fritz-Olaf Lehmann, Chih-Yung Lin, Trudy F. C. Mackay, Ian A. Meinertzhagen, Nara I. Muraro, Dick R. Nässel, Daniela Ostrowski, Viet Pham, Carlos Ribeiro, Jessica Robertson, Bidisha Roy, C. Dustin Rubinstein, Shinjiro Saeki, Minoru Saitoe, Christi A. Scott, Lisha Shao, Marla B. Sokolowski, Eric A. Stone, Christopher J. Tabone, W. Daniel Tracey, Nina Vogt, Mariana Wolfner, Troy Zars, Bing Zhang, Yi Zhong
- Edited by Josh Dubnau
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- Behavioral Genetics of the Fly (<I>Drosophila Melanogaster</I>)
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- 05 July 2014
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- 26 June 2014, pp vi-viii
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MALT90: The Millimetre Astronomy Legacy Team 90 GHz Survey
- J. M. Jackson, J. M. Rathborne, J. B. Foster, J. S. Whitaker, P. Sanhueza, C. Claysmith, J. L. Mascoop, M. Wienen, S. L. Breen, F. Herpin, A. Duarte-Cabral, T. Csengeri, S. N. Longmore, Y. Contreras, B. Indermuehle, P. J. Barnes, A. J. Walsh, M. R. Cunningham, K. J. Brooks, T. R. Britton, M. A. Voronkov, J. S. Urquhart, J. Alves, C. H. Jordan, T. Hill, S. Hoq, S. C. Finn, I. Bains, S. Bontemps, L. Bronfman, J. L. Caswell, L. Deharveng, S. P. Ellingsen, G. A. Fuller, G. Garay, J. A. Green, L. Hindson, P. A. Jones, C. Lenfestey, N. Lo, V. Lowe, D. Mardones, K. M. Menten, V. Minier, L. K. Morgan, F. Motte, E. Muller, N. Peretto, C. R. Purcell, P. Schilke, Schneider-N. Bontemps, F. Schuller, A. Titmarsh, F. Wyrowski, A. Zavagno
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- Publications of the Astronomical Society of Australia / Volume 30 / 2013
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 26 November 2013, e057
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The Millimetre Astronomy Legacy Team 90 GHz (MALT90) survey aims to characterise the physical and chemical evolution of high-mass star-forming clumps. Exploiting the unique broad frequency range and on-the-fly mapping capabilities of the Australia Telescope National Facility Mopra 22 m single-dish telescope1, MALT90 has obtained 3′ × 3′ maps towards ~2 000 dense molecular clumps identified in the ATLASGAL 870 μm Galactic plane survey. The clumps were selected to host the early stages of high-mass star formation and to span the complete range in their evolutionary states (from prestellar, to protostellar, and on to $\mathrm{H\,{\scriptstyle {II}}}$ regions and photodissociation regions). Because MALT90 mapped 16 lines simultaneously with excellent spatial (38 arcsec) and spectral (0.11 km s−1) resolution, the data reveal a wealth of information about the clumps’ morphologies, chemistry, and kinematics. In this paper we outline the survey strategy, observing mode, data reduction procedure, and highlight some early science results. All MALT90 raw and processed data products are available to the community. With its unprecedented large sample of clumps, MALT90 is the largest survey of its type ever conducted and an excellent resource for identifying interesting candidates for high-resolution studies with ALMA.
Characterisation of the MALT90 Survey and the Mopra Telescope at 90 GHz
- J. B. Foster, J. M. Rathborne, P. Sanhueza, C. Claysmith, J. S. Whitaker, J. M. Jackson, J. L. Mascoop, M. Wienen, S. L. Breen, F. Herpin, A. Duarte-Cabral, T. Csengeri, Y. Contreras, B. Indermuehle, P. J. Barnes, A. J. Walsh, M. R. Cunningham, T. R. Britton, M. A. Voronkov, J. S. Urquhart, J. Alves, C. H. Jordan, T. Hill, S. Hoq, K. J. Brooks, S. N. Longmore
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- Publications of the Astronomical Society of Australia / Volume 30 / 2013
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 10 July 2013, e038
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We characterise the Millimetre Astronomy Legacy Team 90 GHz Survey (MALT90) and the Mopra telescope at 90 GHz. We combine repeated position-switched observations of the source G300.968+01.145 with a map of the same source in order to estimate the pointing reliability of the position-switched observations and, by extension, the MALT90 survey; we estimate our pointing uncertainty to be 8 arcsec. We model the two strongest sources of systematic gain variability as functions of elevation and time-of-day and quantify the remaining absolute flux uncertainty. Corrections based on these two variables reduce the scatter in repeated observations from 12%–25% down to 10%–17%. We find no evidence for intrinsic source variability in G300.968+01.145. For certain applications, the corrections described herein will be integral for improving the absolute flux calibration of MALT90 maps and other observations using the Mopra telescope at 90 GHz.
Contributors
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- By W. P. Aspinall, P. Bates, K. J. Beven, P. G. Challenor, N. A. Chapman, R. M. Cooke, S. E. Cornell, H. S. Crosweller, T. L. Edwards, J. Freer, J. Hall, A. Hart, G. L. Hickey, B. E. Hill, L. J. Hill, T. K. Hincks, E. A. Holcombe, M. S. Jackson, M. Kern, D. J. Kerridge, T. J. Lynham, B. D. Malamud, J. Neal, J. Pooley, J. C. Rougier, G. Schumann, R. S. J. Sparks, C. A. Taylor, J. Wilmshurst, M. J. Wooster
- Edited by Jonathan Rougier, University of Bristol, Steve Sparks, University of Bristol, Lisa J. Hill, University of Bristol
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- Risk and Uncertainty Assessment for Natural Hazards
- Published online:
- 05 March 2013
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- 21 February 2013, pp vii-x
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EMU: Evolutionary Map of the Universe
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- Ray P. Norris, A. M. Hopkins, J. Afonso, S. Brown, J. J. Condon, L. Dunne, I. Feain, R. Hollow, M. Jarvis, M. Johnston-Hollitt, E. Lenc, E. Middelberg, P. Padovani, I. Prandoni, L. Rudnick, N. Seymour, G. Umana, H. Andernach, D. M. Alexander, P. N. Appleton, D. Bacon, J. Banfield, W. Becker, M. J. I. Brown, P. Ciliegi, C. Jackson, S. Eales, A. C. Edge, B. M. Gaensler, G. Giovannini, C. A. Hales, P. Hancock, M. T. Huynh, E. Ibar, R. J. Ivison, R. Kennicutt, Amy E. Kimball, A. M. Koekemoer, B. S. Koribalski, Á. R. López-Sánchez, M. Y. Mao, T. Murphy, H. Messias, K. A. Pimbblet, A. Raccanelli, K. E. Randall, T. H. Reiprich, I. G. Roseboom, H. Röttgering, D. J. Saikia, R. G. Sharp, O. B. Slee, Ian Smail, M. A. Thompson, J. S. Urquhart, J. V. Wall, G.-B. Zhao
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- Publications of the Astronomical Society of Australia / Volume 28 / Issue 3 / 2011
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 02 January 2013, pp. 215-248
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EMU is a wide-field radio continuum survey planned for the new Australian Square Kilometre Array Pathfinder (ASKAP) telescope. The primary goal of EMU is to make a deep (rms ∼ 10 μJy/beam) radio continuum survey of the entire Southern sky at 1.3 GHz, extending as far North as +30° declination, with a resolution of 10 arcsec. EMU is expected to detect and catalogue about 70 million galaxies, including typical star-forming galaxies up to z ∼ 1, powerful starbursts to even greater redshifts, and active galactic nuclei to the edge of the visible Universe. It will undoubtedly discover new classes of object. This paper defines the science goals and parameters of the survey, and describes the development of techniques necessary to maximise the science return from EMU.
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- By Brian Abaluck, Imran M. Ahmed, Torbjörn Åkerstedt, Sonia Ancoli-Israel, Anna Anund, Donna L. Arand, Isabelle Arnulf, Fiona C. Baker, Thomas J. Balkin, Christian R. Baumann, Michel Billiard, Michael H. Bonnet, Meredith Broderick, Christian Cajochen, Scott S. Campbell, Sarah Laxhmi Chellappa, Fabio Cirignotta, Yves Dauvilliers, David F. Dinges, Christopher L. Drake, Neil T. Feldman, Catherine S. Fichten, Charles F. P. George, Namni Goel, Christian Guilleminault, Shelby F. Harris, Melinda L. Jackson, Joseph Kaleyias, Göran Kecklund, William D. S. Killgore, Sanjeev V. Kothare, Andrew D. Krystal, Clete A. Kushida, Luc Laberge, Gert Jan Lammers, Christopher P. Landrigan, Sandrine H. Launois, Patrick Levy, Eva Libman, Yinghui Low, Jennifer L. Martin, Una D. McCann, Renee Monderer, Patricia J. Murphy, Sona Nevsimalova, Seiji Nishino, Eric A. Nofzinger, Maurice M. Ohayon, Masashi Okuro, Jean-Louis Pepin, Fabio Pizza, Anil N. Rama, David B. Rye, Paula K. Schweitzer, Hideto Shinno, Renaud Tamsier, Michael J. Thorpy, Astrid van der Heide, Hans P. A. Van Dongen, Mari Viola-Saltzman, Jim Waterhouse, Nathaniel F. Watson, Rajive Zachariah
- Edited by Michael J. Thorpy, Michel Billiard
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- Sleepiness
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- 04 February 2011
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- 27 January 2011, pp vii-x
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- By Louise B. Andrew, Jane C. Ballantyne, Sadek Beloucif, David Clendenin, Maliha A. Darugar, Joanna M. Davies, Michael DeVita, Denise M. Dudzinski, Bernice Elger, Monica Escher, Joel E Frader, Kelly Fryer-Edwards, James Giordano, Allen Gustin, Rebecca M. Harris, Gerhard Höver, Steven K. Howard, Carl C. Hug, Samia Hurst, Steven Jackson, Nancy S. Jecker, Jonathan D Katz, Joseph Klein, W. Andrew Kofke, Ruth Landau, Craig D. McClain MD, Alex Mauron, Kelly N. Michelson, Cynthiane J. Morgenweck, William Notcutt, Michael Nurok, Susan K. Palmer, Joan G. Quaine, Michael A. Rie, Stanley H. Rosenbaum, David M. Rothenberg, Robert B. Schonberger, Mark D. Siegel, Jeffrey H. Silverstein, Murali Sivarajan, Karen Souter MD, Thomas Specht MD, Andrea Trescot, Gail A. Van Norman, A.M. Viens, Elizabeth K. Vig, David B. Waisel, Clarence Ward, James M. West, Richard L Wolman, Steve Yentis
- Edited by Gail A. Van Norman, University of Washington, Stephen Jackson, Stanley H. Rosenbaum, Susan K. Palmer
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- Clinical Ethics in Anesthesiology
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- 05 March 2012
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- 28 October 2010, pp xi-xiv
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Contributions to the Bionomics of Glossina morsitans
- C. H. N. Jackson
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- Bulletin of Entomological Research / Volume 21 / Issue 4 / December 1930
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- 10 July 2009, pp. 491-527
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1. Fly rounds and reconnaissances about Sambala have indicated the following types of fly community: (a) Compact “female centres” characterised by frequent passage of game, and showing high apparent female percentage and often apparent concentration of fly; (b) “spread centres” over larger areas believed to be comparable in function to true, compact “female centres”; (c) “male areas” spread over large areas of Berlinia-Brachystegia and sometimes other kinds of wooding, where the apparent female percentage is low; (d) areas where fly is scarce.
2. Investigation of these phenomena by field experiments and other methods has led to the conclusion that the “female centres” and “spread centres” are most probably feeding-grounds of fly, and that the “male areas” are its home.
3. It is difficult to draw reliable conclusions from fly-rounds on the apparent variations of fly numbers in time, in relation either to season or to movements of game.
The Extermination of the Tsetse Fly, Glossina morsitans Westw., at Abercorn, Northern Rhodesia
- P. E. Glover, C. H. N. Jackson, A. G. Robertson, W. E. F. Thomson
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- Bulletin of Entomological Research / Volume 46 / Issue 1 / April 1955
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- 10 July 2009, pp. 57-67
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European farms at Abercorn had been suffering from bovine trypanosomiasis carried by Glossina morsitans Westw., and the Tanganyika Department of Tsetse Research were asked in 1935 to advise.
Fly-pickets were established in 1936 to prevent carriage of flies on to the farms, and a belt of country was protected from fire, with the object of thickening the woody vegetation so as to make it unfavourable to G. morsitans. The fire-protected area was extended and continued until 1946; serious escape fires occurred in 1938 and 1941. During these first five years the reduction in catches at the pickets was only about one-third.
An intensive survey of the area was made in 1941, as the result of which concentrations of flies were identified in certain shallow valleys forming the headwaters of small tributary streams. Several of these were cleared of trees, with the result that the apparent density of G. morsitans was at once depressed not only in the valleys themselves but over wide areas of untouched woodland round about.
In 1942 and the following years these clearings were extended to new valley sites as they were discovered, both inside and outside the fire-excluded area, and always with striking effects. The last clearing of all was done in 1952.
Wet Season Fraying of Wings of Tsetse-flies, Glossina morsitans
- C. H. N. Jackson
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- Bulletin of Entomological Research / Volume 41 / Issue 1 / May 1950
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- 10 July 2009, pp. 159-160
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The wings of male Glossina morsitans appear to become frayed in the rainy season at about the same rate as in the dry season, and their brittleness seems directly related to age. The law of diminishing returns does not appear to apply, perhaps because of the weakening of portions of the trailing edge between indentations fairly near together.
An Experiment on the Feeding Habits of Glossina swynnertoni (Dipt.)
- C. H. N. Jackson
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- Bulletin of Entomological Research / Volume 22 / Issue 2 / June 1931
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- 10 July 2009, pp. 175-181
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During July and part of August 1929 an experiment was carried out at Sambala (Western Kondoa), Tanganyika Territory, designed to show that : (i) Hungrier flies marked in Berlinia- Brachystegia woodland left that type for the supposed feeding-grounds (“ female centres ”) earlier than repleter flies ; (ii) conversely, repleter flies remained within the woodland longer than hungrier flies ; (iii) hungrier flies in the supposed feeding-grounds remained in them for the first few days ; and lastly (iv) repleter flies in these situations returned to the Berlinia-Brachystegia woodland to remain there until later.
The Pattern of Glossina morsitans Communities
- C. H. N. Jackson
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- Bulletin of Entomological Research / Volume 46 / Issue 3 / October 1955
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- 10 July 2009, pp. 517-530
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Tsetse flies (Glossina morsitans Westw.) were marked and released at Daga-Iloi, in Tanganyika on four or, usually, six days weekly for over 15 months, at 75 catching points situated 100 yards apart on an “octagonal spiral” whose successive rings were separated by 250 yards. Outer “spirals” were also traversed occasionally.
The country was hilly and dominated by woodland of Brachystegia tamarindoides, broken by more open grassland with Combretum on the one hand and by thicketed ravines on the other. The ungulate animals included zebra, buffalo, bushbuck, roan antelope, hartebeest, reedbuck, duiker, wart-hog and bushpig, with very occasional elephant, rhinoceros, waterbuck and klipspringer. Baboons and Cercopithecus monkeys were also present. Spoors of the ungulates were recorded on the daily rounds: bushbuck were most common about the ravines, but in general the ungulates tended to be most common in the open grassland with Combretum.
G. morsitans was most numerous in tall Brachystegia woodland where the slope was moderate, and where open grasslands were not too far away. Thicketed ravines were avoided. The highest apparent densities were observed on the outer “spirals”, perhaps because of disturbance on the inner one traversed almost every day.
During the rains, well-marked concentrations of flies occurred in certain parts of the Brachystegia woodland, and these re-formed in the second year. The hungriest flies were always found outside the Brachystegia, and hunger was higher in the dry season. Hunger was measured objectively by the proportion of non-teneral males alighting head-upwards on members of the catching party, which hungry flies mostly do.
There was a negative correlation between numbers of flies and numbers of ungulates, and a positive correlation between the numbers of ungulates and hunger of the flies. This is in accordance with the feeding-ground theory, and is very generally observed with G. morsitans in East Africa. Certain movements of individual flies also accorded with the theory, against which, however, the suggestion has now been made that flies caught in the putative feeding grounds have not ventured out into them until attracted there by the sight of the catching party. This suggestion is to some extent countered by quotations from previous work, but it deserves further thought, and carefully planned experiments.
Passage of large herds of buffalo through portions of the “spiral” were not apparently accompanied by mass movements of flies, even when the animals passed by day and many flies fed on them.
The Shinyanga Game Destruction Experiment
- W. H. Potts, C. H. N. Jackson
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- Bulletin of Entomological Research / Volume 43 / Issue 2 / July 1952
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- 10 July 2009, pp. 365-374
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Game animals were shot in an isolated area of some 600 sq. miles over a period of about five years. The density of animals was originally in the neighbourhood of 10 to the sq. mile.
This density is very low compared with densities recorded from national parks, and examination of the evidence available shows that the Tanganyikan bushland is understocked with game.
As the result of the shooting in the present experiment, two species of tsetse fly, G. morsitans and G. swynnertoni, were exterminated, and a third, G. pallidipes, was either exterminated or very heavily reduced. Experimental cattle then remained healthy in the area for 11 months, after which they were removed.
This result was achieved in spite of considerable invasion of the area by cattle, particularly intense at a late period when such an alternative source of food might have been expected to be particularly valuable to the tsetse.
There was evidence that the fat, residual dry weight and size of the flies decreased, but there was no apparent effect on mean age or the proportion of females in the catches, nor apparently did the flies turn to avian blood.
The cost was £50 per sq. mile; but this figure would be very much greater in normal practice, with areas not isolated from the rest of the fly belt.
Game destruction is not recommended except in isolated areas of manageable size; discriminative clearing of the habitats, even at initially greater cost, is preferable as offering a more lasting solution.
A Note on the Concentrations of Tsetse-Flies
- C. H. N. Jackson
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- Bulletin of Entomological Research / Volume 25 / Issue 4 / December 1934
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- 10 July 2009, pp. 457-458
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This subject has been discussed very fully by Dr. T. A. M. Nash and the writer in two recent papers (Bull. Ent. Res. 24, 1933, pp. 135, 475–477). There is, however, one point which it is felt should be made clear. Dr. Nash states that the writer, “working in the Western Kondoa fly-belt, finds the more normal type of obvious concentration. In the dry season tsetse become more numerous in Berlinia-Brachystegia woodland immediately surrounding ‘vleis.’ Owing to the small size of these ‘vleis,’ which are only about 75 yards across, the fly appears to an observer to be concentrated in them; in reality they are probably living in the shade of the surrounding weeds and fly out to attack the investigator. Passing through Berlinia woods in this country one finds fly more numerous on the edge of “vleis,” probably because the trees are almost non-deciduous owing to sub-soil water.”
An artificially isolated Generation of Tsetse Flies (Diptera)
- C. H. N. Jackson
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- Bulletin of Entomological Research / Volume 37 / Issue 2 / September 1946
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- 10 July 2009, pp. 291-299
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A generation of Glossina morsitans was artificially isolated by allowing emergence for three days in the habitat of G. swynnertoni and G. pallidipes.
Most teneral flies (with chitin unhardened before their first meal) were active on day 2 to 4 from emergence. The non-teneral flies first appeared in numbers when a week old. It is possible that they were somewhat inactive while still fairly young, that is, up to two or three weeks, but this was not proved. They are definitely inactive between the first and second meals. The females, on the other hand, are much more active in the first three weeks of life than later on.
The teneral males contained about 12 mg. water, which was increased after several meals to a maximum of about 18 mg. by day 17. Fat started at a mean of 1 1/2 mg., declining to 1 mg. at the first meal, then rising to about 3 mg. at day 17, after which there was no further increase. Residual weight behaved like the water, except that it was relatively very low in teneral flies. The hungry flies which reappear after the first meal have also a relatively low residual weight.
In this experiment there was no evidence that smaller flies were at a disadvantage, as has been suspected from other work.
With reservations concerned with differences in place and time, the mean age of samples of male flies can be accurately deduced from the wear on the trailing margin of the wing. The females do not wear out their wings so quickly.
Males dispersed, in any one direction, to a mean perpendicular distance of 365 yards in a week, 484 yards in two weeks, 772 yards in three weeks, and 941 yards in four weeks.
In spite of undoubted interference by G. swynnertoni, a considerable second generation appeared.
The females and pupae in nature experienced temperatures approximating to those obtained in a screen at a standard meteorological station: they did not live in specially cool eeoclimates.