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32 Elevated Plasma pTau-181 is Associated with Lower Global Cognition and Executive Function in Older Adults
- Arunima Kapoor, Jean K Ho, Shubir Dutt, Yanrong Li, John P Alitin, Jung Yun Jang, Aimee Gaubert, Amy Nguyen, Belinda Yew, Anna E Blanken, Isabel J Sible, Anisa Marshall, Fatemah Shenasa, Alessandra Martini, Kathleen E Rodgers, Elizabeth Head, Daniel A Nation
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- Journal:
- Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society / Volume 29 / Issue s1 / November 2023
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 21 December 2023, pp. 907-908
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Objective:
Aggregation of phosphorylated tau (pTau) is a hallmark feature of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Novel assays now allow pTau to be measured in plasma. Elevated plasma pTau predicts subsequent development of AD, cortical atrophy and AD-related pathologies in the brain. We aimed to determine whether elevated pTau is associated with cognitive functioning in older adults prior to the development of dementia.
Participants and Methods:Independently living older adults (N = 48, mean age = 70.0 years; SD = 7.7; age range 55-88 years; 35.4% male) free of dementia or clinical stroke were recruited from the community and underwent blood draw and neuropsychological assessment. Plasma was assayed using the Quanterix Simoa® pTau-181 V2 Advantage Kit to quantify pTau-181 levels and APOE genotyping was conducted on the blood cell pellet fraction obtained from plasma separation. Global cognition was assessed using the Dementia Rating Scale-2 (DRS-2) and executive function was assessed using the Stroop, D-KEFS-2 Fluency, and Trails Making Test. Diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) was determined based on overall neuropsychological performance. Participants were diagnosed as MCI if they scored >1 SD below norm-referenced values on 2 or more tests within a domain (language, executive, memory) or on 3 tests across domains.
Results:Multiple linear regression analysis revealed a significant negative association between plasma pTau-181 levels and DRS-2 (B = -2.57, 95% CI (-3.68, -1.47), p <.001), Stroop Color-Word score (B = -2.64, 95% CI (-4.56, - 0.71), p = .009) and Fruits and Vegetables Fluency (B = -1.67, 95% CI (-2.84, -0.49), p = .007), adjusting for age, sex, education and APOE4 status. MCI diagnosis was determined for 43 participants, of which 8 (18.6%) met criteria. Logistic regression analysis revealed that pTau-181 levels are associated with increased odds of MCI diagnosis (OR = 2.18, 95% CI (1.01, 4.68), p = .046), after accounting for age, sex, education and APOE4 status.
Conclusions:Elevated plasma pTau-181 is associated with worse cognition, particularly executive function, and predicts MCI diagnosis in older adults. Higher plasma pTau-181 was associated with increased odds of MCI diagnosis. Detection of pTau-181 in plasma allows a novel, non-invasive method to detect burden of one form of AD pathology. These findings lend support to the use of plasma pTau-181 as a valuable marker in detecting even early cognitive changes prior to the development of AD. Additional longitudinal studies are warranted to explore the prognostic value of plasma pTau-181 over time.
5 Associations Between Regional Perfusion and Locus Coeruleus MRI Contrast are Moderated by Plasma Alzheimer’s Disease Biomarkers in Older Adults
- Shubir Dutt, Shelby L Bachman, Yanrong Li, Belinda Yew, Jung Y Jang, Jean K Ho, Kaoru Nashiro, Jungwon Min, Hyun Joo Yoo, Aimee Gaubert, Amy Nguyen, Isabel J Sible, Anna E Blanken, Anisa J Marshall, Arunima Kapoor, John P Alitin, Kim Hoang, Alessandra C Martini, Elizabeth Head, Xingfeng Shao, Danny J J Wang, Mara Mather, Daniel A Nation
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- Journal:
- Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society / Volume 29 / Issue s1 / November 2023
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 21 December 2023, pp. 610-611
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Objective:
The locus coeruleus (LC) innervates the cerebrovasculature and plays a crucial role in optimal regulation of cerebral blood flow. However, no human studies to date have examined links between these systems with widely available neuroimaging methods. We quantified associations between LC structural integrity and regional cortical perfusion and probed whether varying levels of plasma Alzheimer’s disease (AD) biomarkers (Aß42/40 ratio and ptau181) moderated these relationships.
Participants and Methods:64 dementia-free community-dwelling older adults (ages 55-87) recruited across two studies underwent structural and functional neuroimaging on the same MRI scanner. 3D-pCASL MRI measured regional cerebral blood flow in limbic and frontal cortical regions, while T1-FSE MRI quantified rostral LC-MRI contrast, a well-established proxy measure of LC structural integrity. A subset of participants underwent fasting blood draw to measure plasma AD biomarker concentrations (Aß42/40 ratio and ptau181). Multiple linear regression models examined associations between perfusion and LC integrity, with rostral LC-MRI contrast as predictor, regional CBF as outcome, and age and study as covariates. Moderation analyses included additional terms for plasma AD biomarker concentration and plasma x LC interaction.
Results:Greater rostral LC-MRI contrast was linked to lower regional perfusion in limbic regions, such as the amygdala (ß = -0.25, p = 0.049) and entorhinal cortex (ß = -0.20, p = 0.042), but was linked to higher regional perfusion in frontal cortical regions, such as the lateral (ß = 0.28, p = 0.003) and medial (ß = 0.24, p = 0.05) orbitofrontal (OFC) cortices. Plasma amyloid levels moderated the relationship between rostral LC and amygdala CBF (Aß42/40 ratio x rostral LC interaction term ß = -0.31, p = 0.021), such that as plasma Aß42/40 ratio decreased (i.e., greater pathology), the strength of the negative relationship between rostral LC integrity and amygdala perfusion decreased. Plasma ptau181levels moderated the relationship between rostral LC and entorhinal CBF (ptau181 x rostral LC interaction term ß = 0.64, p = 0.001), such that as ptau181 increased (i.e., greater pathology), the strength of the negative relationship between rostral LC integrity and entorhinal perfusion decreased. For frontal cortical regions, ptau181 levels moderated the relationship between rostral LC and lateral OFC perfusion (ptau181 x rostral LC interaction term ß = -0.54, p = .004), as well as between rostral LC and medial OFC perfusion (ptau181 x rostral LC interaction term ß = -0.53, p = .005), such that as ptau181 increased (i.e., greater pathology), the strength of the positive relationship between rostral LC integrity and frontal perfusion decreased.
Conclusions:LC integrity is linked to regional cortical perfusion in non-demented older adults, and these relationships are moderated by plasma AD biomarker concentrations. Variable directionality of the associations between the LC and frontal versus limbic perfusion, as well as the differential moderating effects of plasma AD biomarkers, may signify a compensatory mechanism and a shifting pattern of hyperemia in the presence of aggregating AD pathology. Linking LC integrity and cerebrovascular regulation may represent an important understudied pathway of dementia risk and may help to bridge competing theories of dementia progression in preclinical AD studies.
A monitoring campaign (2013–2020) of ESA’s Mars Express to study interplanetary plasma scintillation
- P. Kummamuru, G. Molera Calvés, G. Cimò, S. V. Pogrebenko, T. M. Bocanegra-Bahamón, D. A. Duev, M. D. Md Said, J. Edwards, M. Ma, J. Quick, A. Neidhardt, P. de Vicente, R. Haas, J. Kallunki, G. Maccaferri, G. Colucci, W. J. Yang, L. F. Hao, S. Weston, M. A. Kharinov, A. G. Mikhailov, T. Jung
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- Journal:
- Publications of the Astronomical Society of Australia / Volume 40 / 2023
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 12 April 2023, e013
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The radio signal transmitted by the Mars Express (MEX) spacecraft was observed regularly between the years 2013–2020 at X-band (8.42 GHz) using the European Very Long Baseline Interferometry (EVN) network and University of Tasmania’s telescopes. We present a method to describe the solar wind parameters by quantifying the effects of plasma on our radio signal. In doing so, we identify all the uncompensated effects on the radio signal and see which coronal processes drive them. From a technical standpoint, quantifying the effect of the plasma on the radio signal helps phase referencing for precision spacecraft tracking. The phase fluctuation of the signal was determined for Mars’ orbit for solar elongation angles from 0 to 180 deg. The calculated phase residuals allow determination of the phase power spectrum. The total electron content of the solar plasma along the line of sight is calculated by removing effects from mechanical and ionospheric noises. The spectral index was determined as $-2.43 \pm 0.11$ which is in agreement with Kolmogorov’s turbulence. The theoretical models are consistent with observations at lower solar elongations however at higher solar elongation ($>$160 deg) we see the observed values to be higher. This can be caused when the uplink and downlink signals are positively correlated as a result of passing through identical plasma sheets.
Self-mutilating behaviour of psychiatric inpatients
- H.L.I. Nijman, M. Dautzenberg, H.L.G.J. Merckelbach, P. Jung, I. Wessel, J. à Campo
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- European Psychiatry / Volume 14 / Issue 1 / March 1999
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 16 April 2020, pp. 4-10
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In the present study two broad hypotheses about the origins of self-mutilation in psychiatric patients were evaluated. The first hypothesis states that self-mutilation originates from child abuse and experiences of neglect and is connected to dissociation in later life. The second hypothesis views self-mutilation as the consequence of impulse control problems. To test these two hypotheses, data concerning traumatic childhood experiences and dissociative symptoms (hypothesis 1), as well as data concerning aggressiveness, obsessive-compulsiveness and sensation seeking (hypothesis 2) were collected in a sample of 54 psychiatric inpatients. Twenty-four out of 54 patients (44%) reported having engaged in self-mutilation. Mean age of onset of this behaviour was 23 years. Self-report measures of self-mutilators were more in line with the first than with the second hypothesis. That is, patients who engaged in self-mutilation reported more traumatic childhood experiences and dissociative symptoms than did control patients. The two groups did not differ in terms of aggressiveness, obsessive-compulsiveness, and sensation seeking. In line with earlier studies, the current results indicate that self-mutilating behaviour is linked to a history of abuse and neglect.
Feasibility and potential of three-dimensional printing in laryngotracheal stenosis
- Z Richard, E Jackson, J P Jung, S P Kanotra
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- Journal:
- The Journal of Laryngology & Otology / Volume 133 / Issue 6 / June 2019
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 24 June 2019, pp. 530-534
- Print publication:
- June 2019
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Background
The use of three-dimensional printing has been rapidly expanding over the last several decades. Virtual surgical three-dimensional simulation and planning has been shown to increase efficiency and accuracy in various clinical scenarios.
ObjectivesTo report the feasibility of three-dimensional printing in paediatric laryngotracheal stenosis and discuss potential applications of three-dimensional printed models in airway surgery.
MethodRetrospective case series in a tertiary care aerodigestive centre.
ResultsThree-dimensional printing was undertaken in two cases of paediatric laryngotracheal stenosis. One patient with grade 4 subglottic stenosis with posterior glottic involvement underwent an extended partial cricotracheal reconstruction. Another patient with grade 4 tracheal stenosis underwent tracheal resection and end-to-end anastomosis. Models of both tracheas were printed using PolyJet technology from a Stratasys Connex2 printer.
ConclusionIt is feasible to demonstrate stenosis in three-dimensional printed models, allowing for patient-specific pre-operative surgical simulation. The models serve as an educational tool for patients’ understanding of the surgery, and for teaching residents and fellows.
Possible risk factors for keel bone damage in organic laying hens
- L. Jung, K. Niebuhr, L. K. Hinrichsen, S. Gunnarsson, C. Brenninkmeyer, M. Bestman, J. Heerkens, P. Ferrari, U. Knierim
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Keel bone damage (KBD) in laying hens is an important welfare problem in both conventional and organic egg production systems. We aimed to identify possible risk factors for KBD in organic hens by analysing cross-sectional data of 107 flocks assessed in eight European countries. Due to partly missing data, the final multiple regression model was based on data from 50 flocks. Keel bone damage included fractures and/or deviations, and was recorded, alongside with other animal based measures, by palpation and visual inspection of at least 50 randomly collected hens per flock between 52 and 73 weeks of age. Management and housing data were obtained by interviews, inspection and by feed analysis. Keel bone damage flock prevalences ranged from 3% to 88%. Compiled on the basis of literature and practical experience, 26 potential associative factors of KBD went into an univariable selection by Spearman correlation analysis or Mann–Whitney U test (with P<0.1 level). The resulting nine factors were presented to stepwise forward linear regression modelling. Aviary v. floor systems, absence of natural daylight in the hen house, a higher proportion of underweight birds, as well as a higher laying performance were found to be significantly associated with a higher percentage of hens with KBD. The final model explained 32% of the variation in KBD between farms. The moderate explanatory value of the model underlines the multifactorial nature of KBD. Based on the results increased attention should be paid to an adequate housing design and lighting that allows the birds easy orientation and safe manoeuvring in the system. Furthermore, feeding management should aim at sufficient bird live weights that fulfil breeder weight standards. In order to achieve a better understanding of the relationships between laying performance, feed management and KBD further investigations are needed.
Zygosity Differences in Height and Body Mass Index of Twins From Infancy to Old Age: A Study of the CODATwins Project
- Aline Jelenkovic, Yoshie Yokoyama, Reijo Sund, Chika Honda, Leonie H Bogl, Sari Aaltonen, Fuling Ji, Feng Ning, Zengchang Pang, Juan R. Ordoñana, Juan F. Sánchez-Romera, Lucia Colodro-Conde, S. Alexandra Burt, Kelly L. Klump, Sarah E. Medland, Grant W. Montgomery, Christian Kandler, Tom A. McAdams, Thalia C. Eley, Alice M. Gregory, Kimberly J. Saudino, Lise Dubois, Michel Boivin, Adam D. Tarnoki, David L. Tarnoki, Claire M. A. Haworth, Robert Plomin, Sevgi Y. Öncel, Fazil Aliev, Maria A. Stazi, Corrado Fagnani, Cristina D’Ippolito, Jeffrey M. Craig, Richard Saffery, Sisira H. Siribaddana, Matthew Hotopf, Athula Sumathipala, Fruhling Rijsdijk, Timothy Spector, Massimo Mangino, Genevieve Lachance, Margaret Gatz, David A. Butler, Gombojav Bayasgalan, Danshiitsoodol Narandalai, Duarte L Freitas, José Antonio Maia, K. Paige Harden, Elliot M. Tucker-Drob, Bia Kim, Youngsook Chong, Changhee Hong, Hyun Jung Shin, Kaare Christensen, Axel Skytthe, Kirsten O. Kyvik, Catherine A. Derom, Robert F. Vlietinck, Ruth J. F. Loos, Wendy Cozen, Amie E. Hwang, Thomas M. Mack, Mingguang He, Xiaohu Ding, Billy Chang, Judy L. Silberg, Lindon J. Eaves, Hermine H. Maes, Tessa L. Cutler, John L. Hopper, Kelly Aujard, Patrik K. E. Magnusson, Nancy L. Pedersen, Anna K. Dahl Aslan, Yun-Mi Song, Sarah Yang, Kayoung Lee, Laura A. Baker, Catherine Tuvblad, Morten Bjerregaard-Andersen, Henning Beck-Nielsen, Morten Sodemann, Kauko Heikkilä, Qihua Tan, Dongfeng Zhang, Gary E. Swan, Ruth Krasnow, Kerry L. Jang, Ariel Knafo-Noam, David Mankuta, Lior Abramson, Paul Lichtenstein, Robert F. Krueger, Matt McGue, Shandell Pahlen, Per Tynelius, Glen E. Duncan, Dedra Buchwald, Robin P. Corley, Brooke M. Huibregtse, Tracy L. Nelson, Keith E. Whitfield, Carol E. Franz, William S. Kremen, Michael J. Lyons, Syuichi Ooki, Ingunn Brandt, Thomas Sevenius Nilsen, Fujio Inui, Mikio Watanabe, Meike Bartels, Toos C. E. M. van Beijsterveldt, Jane Wardle, Clare H. Llewellyn, Abigail Fisher, Esther Rebato, Nicholas G. Martin, Yoshinori Iwatani, Kazuo Hayakawa, Joohon Sung, Jennifer R. Harris, Gonneke Willemsen, Andreas Busjahn, Jack H. Goldberg, Finn Rasmussen, Yoon-Mi Hur, Dorret I. Boomsma, Thorkild I. A. Sørensen, Jaakko Kaprio, Karri Silventoinen
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- Twin Research and Human Genetics / Volume 18 / Issue 5 / October 2015
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 04 September 2015, pp. 557-570
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A trend toward greater body size in dizygotic (DZ) than in monozygotic (MZ) twins has been suggested by some but not all studies, and this difference may also vary by age. We analyzed zygosity differences in mean values and variances of height and body mass index (BMI) among male and female twins from infancy to old age. Data were derived from an international database of 54 twin cohorts participating in the COllaborative project of Development of Anthropometrical measures in Twins (CODATwins), and included 842,951 height and BMI measurements from twins aged 1 to 102 years. The results showed that DZ twins were consistently taller than MZ twins, with differences of up to 2.0 cm in childhood and adolescence and up to 0.9 cm in adulthood. Similarly, a greater mean BMI of up to 0.3 kg/m2 in childhood and adolescence and up to 0.2 kg/m2 in adulthood was observed in DZ twins, although the pattern was less consistent. DZ twins presented up to 1.7% greater height and 1.9% greater BMI than MZ twins; these percentage differences were largest in middle and late childhood and decreased with age in both sexes. The variance of height was similar in MZ and DZ twins at most ages. In contrast, the variance of BMI was significantly higher in DZ than in MZ twins, particularly in childhood. In conclusion, DZ twins were generally taller and had greater BMI than MZ twins, but the differences decreased with age in both sexes.
Contributors
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- By Mitchell Aboulafia, Frederick Adams, Marilyn McCord Adams, Robert M. Adams, Laird Addis, James W. Allard, David Allison, William P. Alston, Karl Ameriks, C. Anthony Anderson, David Leech Anderson, Lanier Anderson, Roger Ariew, David Armstrong, Denis G. Arnold, E. J. Ashworth, Margaret Atherton, Robin Attfield, Bruce Aune, Edward Wilson Averill, Jody Azzouni, Kent Bach, Andrew Bailey, Lynne Rudder Baker, Thomas R. Baldwin, Jon Barwise, George Bealer, William Bechtel, Lawrence C. Becker, Mark A. Bedau, Ernst Behler, José A. Benardete, Ermanno Bencivenga, Jan Berg, Michael Bergmann, Robert L. Bernasconi, Sven Bernecker, Bernard Berofsky, Rod Bertolet, Charles J. Beyer, Christian Beyer, Joseph Bien, Joseph Bien, Peg Birmingham, Ivan Boh, James Bohman, Daniel Bonevac, Laurence BonJour, William J. Bouwsma, Raymond D. Bradley, Myles Brand, Richard B. Brandt, Michael E. Bratman, Stephen E. Braude, Daniel Breazeale, Angela Breitenbach, Jason Bridges, David O. Brink, Gordon G. Brittan, Justin Broackes, Dan W. Brock, Aaron Bronfman, Jeffrey E. Brower, Bartosz Brozek, Anthony Brueckner, Jeffrey Bub, Lara Buchak, Otavio Bueno, Ann E. Bumpus, Robert W. Burch, John Burgess, Arthur W. Burks, Panayot Butchvarov, Robert E. Butts, Marina Bykova, Patrick Byrne, David Carr, Noël Carroll, Edward S. Casey, Victor Caston, Victor Caston, Albert Casullo, Robert L. Causey, Alan K. L. Chan, Ruth Chang, Deen K. Chatterjee, Andrew Chignell, Roderick M. Chisholm, Kelly J. Clark, E. J. Coffman, Robin Collins, Brian P. Copenhaver, John Corcoran, John Cottingham, Roger Crisp, Frederick J. Crosson, Antonio S. Cua, Phillip D. Cummins, Martin Curd, Adam Cureton, Andrew Cutrofello, Stephen Darwall, Paul Sheldon Davies, Wayne A. Davis, Timothy Joseph Day, Claudio de Almeida, Mario De Caro, Mario De Caro, John Deigh, C. F. Delaney, Daniel C. Dennett, Michael R. DePaul, Michael Detlefsen, Daniel Trent Devereux, Philip E. Devine, John M. Dillon, Martin C. Dillon, Robert DiSalle, Mary Domski, Alan Donagan, Paul Draper, Fred Dretske, Mircea Dumitru, Wilhelm Dupré, Gerald Dworkin, John Earman, Ellery Eells, Catherine Z. Elgin, Berent Enç, Ronald P. Endicott, Edward Erwin, John Etchemendy, C. Stephen Evans, Susan L. Feagin, Solomon Feferman, Richard Feldman, Arthur Fine, Maurice A. Finocchiaro, William FitzPatrick, Richard E. Flathman, Gvozden Flego, Richard Foley, Graeme Forbes, Rainer Forst, Malcolm R. Forster, Daniel Fouke, Patrick Francken, Samuel Freeman, Elizabeth Fricker, Miranda Fricker, Michael Friedman, Michael Fuerstein, Richard A. Fumerton, Alan Gabbey, Pieranna Garavaso, Daniel Garber, Jorge L. A. Garcia, Robert K. Garcia, Don Garrett, Philip Gasper, Gerald Gaus, Berys Gaut, Bernard Gert, Roger F. Gibson, Cody Gilmore, Carl Ginet, Alan H. Goldman, Alvin I. Goldman, Alfonso Gömez-Lobo, Lenn E. Goodman, Robert M. Gordon, Stefan Gosepath, Jorge J. E. Gracia, Daniel W. Graham, George A. Graham, Peter J. Graham, Richard E. Grandy, I. Grattan-Guinness, John Greco, Philip T. Grier, Nicholas Griffin, Nicholas Griffin, David A. Griffiths, Paul J. Griffiths, Stephen R. Grimm, Charles L. Griswold, Charles B. Guignon, Pete A. Y. Gunter, Dimitri Gutas, Gary Gutting, Paul Guyer, Kwame Gyekye, Oscar A. Haac, Raul Hakli, Raul Hakli, Michael Hallett, Edward C. Halper, Jean Hampton, R. James Hankinson, K. R. Hanley, Russell Hardin, Robert M. Harnish, William Harper, David Harrah, Kevin Hart, Ali Hasan, William Hasker, John Haugeland, Roger Hausheer, William Heald, Peter Heath, Richard Heck, John F. Heil, Vincent F. Hendricks, Stephen Hetherington, Francis Heylighen, Kathleen Marie Higgins, Risto Hilpinen, Harold T. Hodes, Joshua Hoffman, Alan Holland, Robert L. Holmes, Richard Holton, Brad W. Hooker, Terence E. Horgan, Tamara Horowitz, Paul Horwich, Vittorio Hösle, Paul Hoβfeld, Daniel Howard-Snyder, Frances Howard-Snyder, Anne Hudson, Deal W. Hudson, Carl A. Huffman, David L. Hull, Patricia Huntington, Thomas Hurka, Paul Hurley, Rosalind Hursthouse, Guillermo Hurtado, Ronald E. Hustwit, Sarah Hutton, Jonathan Jenkins Ichikawa, Harry A. Ide, David Ingram, Philip J. Ivanhoe, Alfred L. Ivry, Frank Jackson, Dale Jacquette, Joseph Jedwab, Richard Jeffrey, David Alan Johnson, Edward Johnson, Mark D. Jordan, Richard Joyce, Hwa Yol Jung, Robert Hillary Kane, Tomis Kapitan, Jacquelyn Ann K. Kegley, James A. Keller, Ralph Kennedy, Sergei Khoruzhii, Jaegwon Kim, Yersu Kim, Nathan L. King, Patricia Kitcher, Peter D. Klein, E. D. Klemke, Virginia Klenk, George L. Kline, Christian Klotz, Simo Knuuttila, Joseph J. Kockelmans, Konstantin Kolenda, Sebastian Tomasz Kołodziejczyk, Isaac Kramnick, Richard Kraut, Fred Kroon, Manfred Kuehn, Steven T. Kuhn, Henry E. Kyburg, John Lachs, Jennifer Lackey, Stephen E. Lahey, Andrea Lavazza, Thomas H. Leahey, Joo Heung Lee, Keith Lehrer, Dorothy Leland, Noah M. Lemos, Ernest LePore, Sarah-Jane Leslie, Isaac Levi, Andrew Levine, Alan E. Lewis, Daniel E. Little, Shu-hsien Liu, Shu-hsien Liu, Alan K. L. Chan, Brian Loar, Lawrence B. Lombard, John Longeway, Dominic McIver Lopes, Michael J. Loux, E. J. Lowe, Steven Luper, Eugene C. Luschei, William G. Lycan, David Lyons, David Macarthur, Danielle Macbeth, Scott MacDonald, Jacob L. Mackey, Louis H. Mackey, Penelope Mackie, Edward H. Madden, Penelope Maddy, G. B. Madison, Bernd Magnus, Pekka Mäkelä, Rudolf A. Makkreel, David Manley, William E. Mann (W.E.M.), Vladimir Marchenkov, Peter Markie, Jean-Pierre Marquis, Ausonio Marras, Mike W. Martin, A. P. Martinich, William L. McBride, David McCabe, Storrs McCall, Hugh J. McCann, Robert N. McCauley, John J. McDermott, Sarah McGrath, Ralph McInerny, Daniel J. McKaughan, Thomas McKay, Michael McKinsey, Brian P. McLaughlin, Ernan McMullin, Anthonie Meijers, Jack W. Meiland, William Jason Melanson, Alfred R. Mele, Joseph R. Mendola, Christopher Menzel, Michael J. Meyer, Christian B. Miller, David W. Miller, Peter Millican, Robert N. Minor, Phillip Mitsis, James A. Montmarquet, Michael S. Moore, Tim Moore, Benjamin Morison, Donald R. Morrison, Stephen J. Morse, Paul K. Moser, Alexander P. D. Mourelatos, Ian Mueller, James Bernard Murphy, Mark C. Murphy, Steven Nadler, Jan Narveson, Alan Nelson, Jerome Neu, Samuel Newlands, Kai Nielsen, Ilkka Niiniluoto, Carlos G. Noreña, Calvin G. Normore, David Fate Norton, Nikolaj Nottelmann, Donald Nute, David S. Oderberg, Steve Odin, Michael O’Rourke, Willard G. Oxtoby, Heinz Paetzold, George S. Pappas, Anthony J. Parel, Lydia Patton, R. P. Peerenboom, Francis Jeffry Pelletier, Adriaan T. Peperzak, Derk Pereboom, Jaroslav Peregrin, Glen Pettigrove, Philip Pettit, Edmund L. Pincoffs, Andrew Pinsent, Robert B. Pippin, Alvin Plantinga, Louis P. Pojman, Richard H. Popkin, John F. Post, Carl J. Posy, William J. Prior, Richard Purtill, Michael Quante, Philip L. Quinn, Philip L. Quinn, Elizabeth S. Radcliffe, Diana Raffman, Gerard Raulet, Stephen L. Read, Andrews Reath, Andrew Reisner, Nicholas Rescher, Henry S. Richardson, Robert C. Richardson, Thomas Ricketts, Wayne D. Riggs, Mark Roberts, Robert C. Roberts, Luke Robinson, Alexander Rosenberg, Gary Rosenkranz, Bernice Glatzer Rosenthal, Adina L. Roskies, William L. Rowe, T. M. Rudavsky, Michael Ruse, Bruce Russell, Lilly-Marlene Russow, Dan Ryder, R. M. Sainsbury, Joseph Salerno, Nathan Salmon, Wesley C. Salmon, Constantine Sandis, David H. Sanford, Marco Santambrogio, David Sapire, Ruth A. Saunders, Geoffrey Sayre-McCord, Charles Sayward, James P. Scanlan, Richard Schacht, Tamar Schapiro, Frederick F. Schmitt, Jerome B. Schneewind, Calvin O. Schrag, Alan D. Schrift, George F. Schumm, Jean-Loup Seban, David N. Sedley, Kenneth Seeskin, Krister Segerberg, Charlene Haddock Seigfried, Dennis M. Senchuk, James F. Sennett, William Lad Sessions, Stewart Shapiro, Tommie Shelby, Donald W. Sherburne, Christopher Shields, Roger A. Shiner, Sydney Shoemaker, Robert K. Shope, Kwong-loi Shun, Wilfried Sieg, A. John Simmons, Robert L. Simon, Marcus G. Singer, Georgette Sinkler, Walter Sinnott-Armstrong, Matti T. Sintonen, Lawrence Sklar, Brian Skyrms, Robert C. Sleigh, Michael Anthony Slote, Hans Sluga, Barry Smith, Michael Smith, Robin Smith, Robert Sokolowski, Robert C. Solomon, Marta Soniewicka, Philip Soper, Ernest Sosa, Nicholas Southwood, Paul Vincent Spade, T. L. S. Sprigge, Eric O. Springsted, George J. Stack, Rebecca Stangl, Jason Stanley, Florian Steinberger, Sören Stenlund, Christopher Stephens, James P. Sterba, Josef Stern, Matthias Steup, M. A. Stewart, Leopold Stubenberg, Edith Dudley Sulla, Frederick Suppe, Jere Paul Surber, David George Sussman, Sigrún Svavarsdóttir, Zeno G. Swijtink, Richard Swinburne, Charles C. Taliaferro, Robert B. Talisse, John Tasioulas, Paul Teller, Larry S. Temkin, Mark Textor, H. S. Thayer, Peter Thielke, Alan Thomas, Amie L. Thomasson, Katherine Thomson-Jones, Joshua C. Thurow, Vzalerie Tiberius, Terrence N. Tice, Paul Tidman, Mark C. Timmons, William Tolhurst, James E. Tomberlin, Rosemarie Tong, Lawrence Torcello, Kelly Trogdon, J. D. Trout, Robert E. Tully, Raimo Tuomela, John Turri, Martin M. Tweedale, Thomas Uebel, Jennifer Uleman, James Van Cleve, Harry van der Linden, Peter van Inwagen, Bryan W. Van Norden, René van Woudenberg, Donald Phillip Verene, Samantha Vice, Thomas Vinci, Donald Wayne Viney, Barbara Von Eckardt, Peter B. M. Vranas, Steven J. Wagner, William J. Wainwright, Paul E. Walker, Robert E. Wall, Craig Walton, Douglas Walton, Eric Watkins, Richard A. Watson, Michael V. Wedin, Rudolph H. Weingartner, Paul Weirich, Paul J. Weithman, Carl Wellman, Howard Wettstein, Samuel C. Wheeler, Stephen A. White, Jennifer Whiting, Edward R. Wierenga, Michael Williams, Fred Wilson, W. Kent Wilson, Kenneth P. Winkler, John F. Wippel, Jan Woleński, Allan B. Wolter, Nicholas P. Wolterstorff, Rega Wood, W. Jay Wood, Paul Woodruff, Alison Wylie, Gideon Yaffe, Takashi Yagisawa, Yutaka Yamamoto, Keith E. Yandell, Xiaomei Yang, Dean Zimmerman, Günter Zoller, Catherine Zuckert, Michael Zuckert, Jack A. Zupko (J.A.Z.)
- Edited by Robert Audi, University of Notre Dame, Indiana
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- The Cambridge Dictionary of Philosophy
- Published online:
- 05 August 2015
- Print publication:
- 27 April 2015, pp ix-xxx
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List of Contributors
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- By Adam K. Anderson, Jorge Armony, Anthony P. Atkinson, Sonia Bishop, Carolin Brück, Roberto Cabeza, Frances S. Chen, Hugo D. Critchley, Mauricio R. Delgado, Ricardo de Oliveira-Souza, Gregor Domes, Judith Domínguez-Borràs, Joseph E. Dunsmoor, Thomas Ethofer, Dominic S. Fareri, Lesley K. Fellows, Sophie Forster, Katherine Gardhouse, Nathalie George, Jay A. Gottfried, Jung Eun Han, Ahmad R. Hariri, Neil A. Harrison, Markus Heinrichs, Alisha C. Holland, Andreas Keil, Elizabeth A. Kensinger, Johanna Kissler, Olga Klimecki, Stefan Koelsch, Sylvia D. Kreibig, Benjamin Kreifelts, Robert Kumsta, Kevin S. LaBar, Eamon J. McCrory, Aprajita Mohanty, Jorge Moll, John P. O’Doherty, Leticia Oliveira, Mirtes Pereira, Luiz Pessoa, K. Luan Phan, Pierre Rainville, David Sander, Annett Schirmer, Catherine L. Sebastian, Tania Singer, Chandra Sekhar Sripada, Peggy L. St. Jacques, Essi Viding, Patrik Vuilleumier, Dirk Wildgruber, Amy Winecoff, Roland Zahn
- Edited by Jorge Armony, McGill University, Montréal, Patrik Vuilleumier, Université de Genève
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- Book:
- The Cambridge Handbook of Human Affective Neuroscience
- Published online:
- 05 February 2013
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- 21 January 2013, pp xi-xii
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In-Flight Calibrations of UFFO-Pathfinder
- J. Řípa, S. Ahmad, P. Barrillon, S. Brandt, C. Budtz-Jørgensen, A.J. Castro-Tirado, S.-H. Chang, Y.-Y. Chang, C.R. Chen, P. Chen, H.S. Choi, Y.J. Choi, P. Connell, S. Dagoret-Campagne, C. Eyles, B. Grossan, J.J. Huang, M.-H.A. Huang, S. Jeong, A. Jung, J.-E. Kim, M.-B. Kim, S.-W. Kim, Y.-W. Kim, A.S. Krasnov, J. Lee, H. Lim, C.-Y. Lin, E.V. Linder, T.-C. Liu, N. Lund, K.W. Min, G.-W. Na, J.-W. Nam, M.I. Panasyuk, I.H. Park, V. Reglero, J.M. Rodrigo, G.F. Smoot, J.-E. Suh, S. Svertilov, N. Vedenkin, M.-Z. Wang, I. Yashin, the UFFO collaboration
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- Journal:
- European Astronomical Society Publications Series / Volume 61 / 2013
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 22 July 2013, pp. 579-581
- Print publication:
- 2013
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The Ultra-Fast Flash Observatory (UFFO), which will be launched onboard the Lomonosov spacecraft, contains two crucial instruments: UFFO Burst Alert & Trigger Telescope (UBAT) for detection and localization of Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs) and the fast-response Slewing Mirror Telescope (SMT) designed for the observation of the prompt optical/UV counterparts. Here we discuss the in-space calibrations of the UBAT detector and SMT telescope. After the launch, the observations of the standard X-ray sources such as pulsar in Crab nebula will provide data for necessary calibrations of UBAT. Several standard stars will be used for the photometric calibration of SMT. The celestial X-ray sources, e.g. X-ray binaries with bright optical sources in their close angular vicinity will serve for the cross-calibration of UBAT and SMT.
Design and implementation of electronics and data acquisition system for Ultra-Fast Flash Observatory
- A. Jung, S. Ahmad, P. Barrillon, S. Brandt, C. Budtz-Jørgensen, A.J. Castro-Tirado, S.-H. Chang, Y.-Y. Chang, C.R. Chen, P. Chen, H.S. Choi, Y.J. Choi, P. Connell, S. Dagoret-Campagne, C. Eyles, B. Grossan, J.J. Huang, M.-H.A. Huang, S. Jeong, J.E. Kim, M. Kim, S.-W. Kim, Y.W. Kim, A.S. Krasnov, J. Lee, H. Lim, C.-Y. Lin, E.V. Linder, T.-C. Liu, N. Lund, J.W. Nam, K.W. Min, G.W. Na, M.I. Panasyuk, I.H. Park, V. Reglero, J. Ripa, J.M. Rodrigo, G. F. Smoot, J.E. Suh, S. Svertilov, N. Vedenkin, M.-Z. Wang, I. Yashin, on behalf of the UFFO collaboration
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- Journal:
- European Astronomical Society Publications Series / Volume 61 / 2013
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 22 July 2013, pp. 567-571
- Print publication:
- 2013
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The Ultra-Fast Flash Observatory (UFFO) Pathfinder for Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs) consists of two telescopes. The UFFO Burst Alert & Trigger Telescope (UBAT) handles the detection and localization of GRBs, and the Slewing Mirror Telescope (SMT) conducts the measurement of the UV/optical afterglow. UBAT is equipped with an X-ray detector, analog and digital signal readout electronics that detects X-rays from GRBs and determines the location. SMT is equipped with a stepping motor and the associated electronics to rotate the slewing mirror targeting the GRBs identified by UBAT. First the slewing mirror points to a GRB, then SMT obtains the optical image of the GRB using the intensified CCD and its readout electronics. The UFFO Data Acquisition system (UDAQ) is responsible for the overall function and operation of the observatory and the communication with the satellite main processor. In this paper we present the design and implementation of the electronics of UBAT and SMT as well as the architecture and implementation of UDAQ.
Ultra-Fast Flash Observatory: Fast Response Space Missions for Early Time Phase of Gamma Ray Bursts
- I.H. Park, S. Ahmad, P. Barrillon, S. Brandt, C. Budtz-Jørgensen, A.J. Castro-Tirado, P. Chen, J.N. Choi, Y.J. Choi, P. Connell, S. Dagoret-Campagne, C. Eyles, B. Grossan, M.-H.A. Huang Huang, A. Jung, S. Jeong, J.E. Kim, M.B. Kim, S.-W. Kim, Y.W. Kim, A.S. Krasnov, J. Lee, H. Lim, E.V. Linder, T.-C. Liu, K.W. Min, G.W. Na, J.W. Nam, M.I. Panasyuk, H.W. Park, J. Ripa, V. Reglero, J.M. Rodrigo, G.F. Smoot, S. Svertilov, N. Vedenkin, M.-Z. Wang, I. Yashin
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- Journal:
- European Astronomical Society Publications Series / Volume 61 / 2013
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 22 July 2013, pp. 501-515
- Print publication:
- 2013
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One of the unexplored domains in the study of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) is the early time phase of the optical light curve. We have proposed Ultra-Fast Flash Observatory (UFFO) to address this question through extraordinary opportunities presented by a series of small space missions. The UFFO is equipped with a fast-response Slewing Mirror Telescope that uses a rapidly moving mirror or mirror array to redirect the optical beam rather than slewing the entire spacecraft or telescope to aim the optical instrument at the GRB position. The UFFO will probe the early optical rise of GRBs with sub-second response, for the first time, opening a completely new frontier in GRB and transient studies. Its fast response measurements of the optical emission of dozens of GRB each year will provide unique probes of the burst mechanism and test the prospect of GRB as a new standard candle, potentially opening up the z > 10 universe. We describe the current limit in early photon measurements, the aspects of early photon physics, our soon-to-be-launched UFFO-pathfinder mission, and our next planned mission, the UFFO-100.
Development of Slewing Mirror Telescope Optical System for the UFFO-pathfinder
- S. Jeong, J.W. Nam, K.-B. Ahn, I.H. Park, S.-W. Kim, J. Lee, H. Lim, S. Brandt, C. Budtz-Jørgensen, A.J. Castro-Tirado, P. Chen, M.H. Cho, J.N. Choi, B. Grossan, M.A. Huang, A. Jung, J.E. Kim, M.B. Kim, Y.W. Kim, E.V. Linder, K.W. Min, G.W. Na, M.I. Panasyuk, J. Ripa, V. Reglero, G.F. Smoot, J.E. Suh, S. Svertilov, N. Vedenkin, I. Yashin
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- Journal:
- European Astronomical Society Publications Series / Volume 61 / 2013
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 22 July 2013, pp. 561-565
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- 2013
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The Slewing Mirror Telescope (SMT) is the UV/optical telescope of UFFO-pathfinder. The SMT optical system is a Ritchey-Chrétien (RC) telescope of 100 mm diameter pointed by means of a gimbal-mounted flat mirror in front of the telescope. The RC telescope has a 17 × 17arcmin2 in Field of View and 4.3 arcsec resolution (full width half maximum of the point spread function) The beam-steering mirror enables the SMT to access a 35 × 35degree region and point and settle within 1 sec. All mirrors were fabricated to about 0.02 wavelengths RMS in wave front error (WFE) and 84.7% average reflectivity over 200 nm ~ 650 nm. The RC telescope was aligned to 0.05 wavelengths RMS in WFE (test wavelength 632.8 nm). In this paper, the technical details of the RC telescope and slewing mirror system assembly, integration, and testing are given shortly, and performance tests of the full SMT optical system are reported.
The Calibration and Simulation of the GRB trigger detector of the Ultra Fast Flash Observatory
- M.-H.A. Huang, S. Ahmad, P. Barrillon, S. Brandt, C. Budtz-Jørgensen, A.J. Castro-Tirado, S.-H. Chang, Y.-Y. Chang, C.R. Chen, P. Chen, H.S. Choi, Y.J. Choi, P. Connell, S. Dagoret-Campagne, C. Eyles, B. Grossan, J.J. Huang, S. Jeong, A. Jung, J.-E. Kim, M.-B. Kim, S.-W. Kim, Y.-W. Kim, A.S. Krasnov, J. Lee, H. Lim, C.-Y. Lin, E.V. Linder, T.-C. Liu, N. Lund, K.W. Min, G.-W. Na, J.-W. Nam, M.I. Panasyuk, I.H. Park, V. Reglero, J. Řípa, J.M. Rodrigo, G.F. Smoot, J.-E. Suh, S. Svertilov, N. Vedenkin, M.-Z. Wang, I. Yashin
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- Journal:
- European Astronomical Society Publications Series / Volume 61 / 2013
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 22 July 2013, pp. 531-535
- Print publication:
- 2013
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The UFFO (Ultra-Fast Flash Observatory) is a GRB detector on board the Lomonosov satellite, to be launched in 2013. The GRB trigger is provided by an X-ray detector, called UBAT (UFFO Burst Alarm & Trigger Telescope), which detects X-rays from the GRB and then triggers to determine the direction of the GRB and then alerts the Slewing Mirror Telescope (SMT) to turn in the direction of the GRB and record the optical photon fluxes. This report details the calibration of the two components: the MAPMTs and the YSO crystals and simulations of the UBAT. The results shows that this design can observe a GRB within a field of view of ±35° and can trigger in a time scale as short as 0.2 – 1.0 s after the appearance of a GRB X-ray spike.
Development of Motorized Slewing Mirror Stage for the UFFO Project
- J. Nam, the UFFO Collaboration, K.B. Ahn, M. Cho, S. Jeong, J.E. Kim, S. Ahmad, P. Barrillon, S. Brandt, C. Budtz-Jørgensen, A.J. Castro-Tirado, C.-H. Chang, C.-Y. Chang, Y.Y. Chang, C.R. Chen, P. Chen, H.S. Choi, Y.J. Choi, P. Connel, S. Dagoret-Campagne, C. Eyles, B. Grossan, J.J. Huang, M.-H.A. Huang Huang, A. Jung, M.B. Kim, S.-W. Kim, Y.W. Kim, A.S. Krasnov, J. Lee, H. Lim, E.V. Linder, T.-C. Liu, N. Lund, K.W. Min, G.W. Na, M.I. Panasyuk, I.H. Park, V. Reglero, J. Ripa, J.M. Rodrigo, G.F. Smoot, J.E. Suh, S. Svertilov, N. Vedenkin, M.-Z. Wang, I. Yashin
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- Journal:
- European Astronomical Society Publications Series / Volume 61 / 2013
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 22 July 2013, pp. 573-577
- Print publication:
- 2013
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The Ultra-Fast Flash Observatory (UFFO) is a space observatory for optical follow-ups of gamma ray bursts (GRBs), aiming to explore the first 60 seconds of GRBs optical emission. UFFO is utilized to catch early optical emissions from GRBs within few sec after trigger using a Gimbal mirror which redirects the optical path rather than slewing entire spacecraft. We have developed a 15 cm two-axis Gimbal mirror stage for the UFFO-Pathfinder which is going to be on board the Lomonosov satellite which is to be launched in 2013. The stage is designed for fast and accurate motion with given budgets of 3 kg of mass and 3 Watt of power. By employing stepping motors, the slewing mirror can rotate faster than 15 deg/sec so that objects in the UFFO coverage (60 deg × 60 deg) can be targeted in ~1 sec. The obtained targeting resolution is better 2 arcmin using a close-loop control with high precision rotary encoder. In this presentation, we will discuss details of design, manufacturing, space qualification tests, as well as performance tests.
The Slewing Mirror Telescope and the Data-Acquisition System for the UFFO-Pathfinder
- H. Lim, S. Ahmad, P. Barrillon, S. Brandt, C. Budtz-Jørgensen, A.J. Castro-Tirado, P. Chen, Y.J. Choi, P. Connell, S. Dagoret-Campagne, C. Eyles, B. Grossan, M.-H.A. Huang Huang, A. Jung, S. Jeong, J.E. Kim, M.B. Kim, S.-W. Kim, Y.W. Kim, A.S. Krasnov, J. Lee, E.V. Linder, T.-C. Liu, N. Lund, K.W. Min, G.W. Na, J.W. Nam, M.I. Panasyuk, I.H. Park, J. Ripa, V. Reglero, J.M. Rodrigo, G.F. Smoot, J.E. Suh, S. Svertilov, N. Vedenkin, M.-Z. Wang, I. Yashin
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- Journal:
- European Astronomical Society Publications Series / Volume 61 / 2013
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 22 July 2013, pp. 537-543
- Print publication:
- 2013
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The Ultra-Fast Flash Observatory (UFFO) aims to detect the earliest moment of Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs) which is not well known, resulting into the enhancement of GRB mechanism understanding. The pathfinder mission was proposed to be a scaled-down version of UFFO, and only contains the UFFO Burst Alert & Trigger Telescope (UBAT) measuring the X-ray/gamma-ray with the wide-field of view and the Slewing Mirror Telescope (SMT) with a rapid-response for the UV/optical photons. Once the UBAT detects a GRB candidate with the position accuracy of 10 arcmin, the SMT steers the UV/optical photons from the candidate to the telescope by the fast rotatable mirror and provides the early UV/optical photons measurements with 4 arcsec accuracy. The SMT has a modified Ritchey-Chrètien telescope with the aperture size of 10 cm diameter including the rotatable mirror and the image readout by the intensified charge-coupled device. There is a key board called the UFFO Data Acquisition system (UDAQ) that manages the communication of each telescope and also of the satellite and the UFFO overall operation. This pathfinder is designed and built within the limited size and weight of ~20 kg and the low power consumption up to ~30 W. We will discuss the design and performance of the UFFO-pathfinder, and its integration to the Lomonosov satellite.
Contributors
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- By Eric Adler, Anoushka Afonso, Dean B. Andropoulos, Adel Bassily-Marcus, Yaakov Beilin, Elliott Bennett-Guerrero, Howard H. Bernstein, Marc J. Bloom, David Bronheim, Albert T. Cheung, Samuel DeMaria, Deborah Dubensky, James B. Eisenkraft, Jonathan Elmer, Liza J. Enriquez, Jonathan Epstein, Jeffrey M. Feldman, Gregory W. Fischer, Brigid Flynn, Jennifer A. Frontera, Richard S. Gist, Glenn P. Gravlee, Christina L. Jeng, Ronald A. Kahn, Jenny Kam, Mukul Kapoor, Jung Kim, Roopa Kohli-Seth, Aaron F. Kopman, Tuula S. O. Kurki, Andrew B. Leibowitz, Matthew Levin, Adam I. Levine, Michael S. Lewis, Justin Lipper, Martin London, Michael L. McGarvey, Alexander J. C. Mittnacht, Timothy Mooney, Diana Mungall, Yasuharu Okuda, Peter J. Papadakos, Jayashree Raikhelkar, Lakshmi V. Ramanathan, David L. Reich, Meg A. Rosenblatt, Corey Scurlock, Tamas Seres, Linda Shore-Lesserson, Marc E. Stone, Daniel M. Thys, Judit Tolnai, David Wax, Nathaen Weitzel
- David L. Reich, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York
- Edited by Ronald A. Kahn, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, Alexander J. C. Mittnacht, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, Andrew B. Leibowitz, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, Marc E. Stone, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, James B. Eisenkraft, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York
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- Book:
- Monitoring in Anesthesia and Perioperative Care
- Published online:
- 05 July 2011
- Print publication:
- 08 August 2011, pp vii-ix
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The Ultra-Fast Flash Observatory's space GRB mission and science
- H. Lim, S. Ahmad, P. Barrillon, S. Blin-Bondil, S. Brandt, C. Budtz-Jørgensen, A. J. Castro-Tirado, P. Chen, H. S. Choi, Y. J. Choi, P. Connell, S. Dagoret-Campagne, C. De La Taille, C. Eyles, B. Grossan, I. Hermann, M.-H. A. Huang, S. Jeong, A. Jung, J. E. Kim, S.-W. Kim, Y. W. Kim, J. Lee, E. V. Linder, T.-C. Liu, N. Lund, K. W. Min, G. W. Na, J. W. Nam, K. H. Nam, M. I. Panasyuk, I. H. Park, V. Reglero, J. Řípa, J. M. Rodrigo, G. F. Smoot, S. Svetilov, N. Vedenkin, I. Yashin
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- Journal:
- Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union / Volume 7 / Issue S279 / April 2011
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 05 September 2012, pp. 349-350
- Print publication:
- April 2011
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The Ultra-Fast Flash Observatory (UFFO) is a space mission to detect the early moments of an explosion from Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs), thus enhancing our understanding of the GRB mechanism. It consists of the UFFO Burst & Trigger telescope (UBAT) for the recognition of GRB positions using hard X-ray from GRBs. It also contains the Slewing Mirror Telescope (SMT) for the fast detection of UV-optical photons from GRBs. It is designed to begin the UV-optical observations in less than a few seconds after the trigger. The UBAT is based on a coded-mask X-ray camera with a wide field of view (FOV) and is composed of the coded mask, a hopper and a detector module. The SMT has a fast rotatable mirror which allows a fast UV-optical detection after the trigger. The telescope is a modified Ritchey-Chrétien telescope with the aperture size of 10 cm diameter, and an image intensifier readout by CCD. The UFFO pathfinder is scheduled to launch into orbit on 2012 June by the Lomonosov spacecraft. It is a scaled-down version of UFFO in order to make the first systematic study of early UV/optical light curves, including the rise phase of GRBs. We expect UBAT to trigger ~44 GRBs/yr and expect SMT to detect ~10 GRBs/yr.
Contributors
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- By Avishek Adhikari, Susanne E. Ahmari, Anne Marie Albano, Carlos Blanco, Desiree K. Caban, Jonathan S. Comer, Jeremy D. Coplan, Ana Alicia De La Cruz, Emily R. Doherty, Bruce Dohrenwend, Amit Etkin, Brian A. Fallon, Michael B. First, Abby J. Fyer, Angela Ghesquiere, Jay A. Gingrich, Robert A. Glick, Joshua A. Gordon, Ethan E. Gorenstein, Marco A. Grados, James P. Hambrick, James Hanks, Kelli Jane K. Harding, Richard G. Heimberg, Rene Hen, Devon E. Hinton, Myron A. Hofer, Matthew J. Kaplowitz, Sharaf S. Khan, Donald F. Klein, Karestan C. Koenen, E. David Leonardo, Roberto Lewis-Fernández, Jeffrey A. Lieberman, Michael R. Liebowitz, Sarah H. Lisanby, Antonio Mantovani, John C. Markowitz, Patrick J. McGrath, Caitlin McOmish, Jeffrey M. Miller, Jan Mohlman, Elizabeth Sagurton Mulhare, Philip R. Muskin, Navin Arun Natarajan, Yuval Neria, Nicole R. Nugent, Mayumi Okuda, Mark Olfson, Laszlo A. Papp, Sapana R. Patel, Anthony Pinto, Kristin Pontoski, Jesse W. Richardson-Jones, Carolyn I. Rodriguez, Steven P. Roose, Moira A. Rynn, Franklin Schneier, M. Katherine Shear, Ranjeeb Shrestha, Helen Blair Simpson, Smit S. Sinha, Natalia Skritskaya, Jami Socha, Eun Jung Suh, Gregory M. Sullivan, Anthony J. Tranguch, Hilary B. Vidair, Tor D. Wager, Myrna M Weissman, Noelia V. Weisstaub
- Edited by Helen Blair Simpson, Columbia University, New York, Yuval Neria, Columbia University, New York, Roberto Lewis-Fernández, Columbia University, New York, Franklin Schneier, Columbia University, New York
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- Book:
- Anxiety Disorders
- Published online:
- 10 November 2010
- Print publication:
- 26 August 2010, pp vii-xii
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Progress in proton radiography for diagnosis of ICF-relevant plasmas
- M. Borghesi, G. Sarri, C.A. Cecchetti, I. Kourakis, D. Hoarty, R.M. Stevenson, S. James, C.D. Brown, P. Hobbs, J. Lockyear, J. Morton, O. Willi, R. Jung, M. Dieckmann
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- Journal:
- Laser and Particle Beams / Volume 28 / Issue 2 / June 2010
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 17 June 2010, pp. 277-284
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Proton radiography using laser-driven sources has been developed as a diagnostic since the beginning of the decade, and applied successfully to a range of experimental situations. Multi-MeV protons driven from thin foils via the Target Normal Sheath Acceleration mechanism, offer, under optimal conditions, the possibility of probing laser-plasma interactions, and detecting electric and magnetic fields as well as plasma density gradients with ~ps temporal resolution and ~ 5–10 µm spatial resolution. In view of these advantages, the use of proton radiography as a diagnostic in experiments of relevance to Inertial Confinement Fusion is currently considered in the main fusion laboratories. This paper will discuss recent advances in the application of laser-driven radiography to experiments of relevance to Inertial Confinement Fusion. In particular we will discuss radiography of hohlraum and gasbag targets following the interaction of intense ns pulses. These experiments were carried out at the HELEN laser facility at AWE (UK), and proved the suitability of this diagnostic for studying, with unprecedented detail, laser-plasma interaction mechanisms of high relevance to Inertial Confinement Fusion. Non-linear solitary structures of relevance to space physics, namely phase space electron holes, have also been highlighted by the measurements. These measurements are discussed and compared to existing models.