3293713 results
Diagnosing Trauma-related Dissociative Disorders in Hungary: The Development of the Hungarian Version of MID (MID-HU)
- Z. Boytha, Á. Münnich, J. Molnár
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- European Psychiatry / Volume 67 / Issue S1 / April 2024
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 27 August 2024, p. S374
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Introduction
The recognition, diagnostics and treatment of dissociative disorders (DD) in Hungary is currently in its infancy. According to international researches the prevalence of dissociative disorders is similar to that of the major psychiatric disorders (bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, etc.). Due to the lack of valid diagnostic tools no data is available regarding the prevalence of dissociative disorders in Hungary so far.
ObjectivesTo fill this gap within our profession; to provide a complex diagnostic tool; developing the hungarian version of the Multidimensional Dissociation Questionnaire (MID-HU)
Methods341 people participated in our study classified into four groups: (1) healthy controls (n=88), (2) patients from private practice diagnosed with DD and all those participants who have DD according to their MID results (n=103), (3) hospitalized psychiatric (mixed sample, n=60) and (4) SUD patients (n=89). The questionnaire package contained the hungarian version of the Multidimensional Inventory of Dissociation (MID-HU), the Dissociative Experience Scale (DES), the Traumatic Antecendents Questionnaire (TAQ), the Self-Report Version of the Dissociative Disorders Interview Schedule (DDIS-SR) and additional questions. Now we present the first results regarding the adaptation process of the hungarian MID (MID-HU).
ResultsThe mean age of the participants was 36 years, 61,6% were female and 38,4% male.
The MID-HU has strong internal consistency: the alpha coefficients for the 14 facet scales were 0.88 or higher. The alpha coefficients for the 23 dissociation diagnostic scales ranged from 0,74-0,95; 9 were excellent (0,90 or above), 10 were good (0,80 or above), and 4 were fair (0,70 or above). The test-retest correlation of the Mean MID-HU scores is good (0,87). Factor analysis of the MID-HU extracted one main factor: dissociation. The mean MID-HU scores correlated with mean DES scores (0,87), indicating a good convergent validity. We found significant differences between the healthy control group and the dissociatve group in the mean DES (control: 9,5, dissociative: 27,6, Sig:<0,001), mean MID (control: 2,5, dissociative: 27, Sig: <0,001), the 23 dissociative diagnostics scales of the MID, 14 facet scales of the MID, and all diagnostics scales of the DDIS (using Mann-Whitney).
ConclusionsThe MID-HU seems to be a valid instrument, that can differentiate between DD patients and healthy people.
Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Understanding females with attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder
- O. Kilic
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- European Psychiatry / Volume 67 / Issue S1 / April 2024
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- 27 August 2024, p. S36
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Abstract
The predominant association of attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) with males, often leads to underdiagnosis or misdiagnosis in females. Recent studies have highlighted marked differences between genders in the manifestation, symptoms, and outcomes of ADHD. Understanding these differences is essential for accurate identification, diagnosis, and tailored interventions for affected individuals, particularly females. TThe multifaceted nature of ADHD demands a nuanced examination of its impact on females, considering how societal expectations, hormonal influences, and a range of symptom presentations may contribute to the variation in the manifestation of this disorder across genders. This presentation aims to contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of ADHD, fostering improved recognition and tailored strategies to support both males and females who suffer from this condition.
Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Explanation of the personality factor with the Enneagram in the selection of the specialty branch of the intern doctors
- B. Özen, E. Ilgin, E. Akça, A. Özercan, P. Seçgin, Ö. Yanartaş
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- European Psychiatry / Volume 67 / Issue S1 / April 2024
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 27 August 2024, p. S658
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Introduction
Personality characteristics have an important place in the choices of interns who are at the stage of deciding how their profession will be shaped in the future. While the Big 5 personality model has been widely used in evaluating the personality traits factor in career planning, the Enneagram has increased in popularity in recent years. In this study, it was aimed to investigate how senior medical students evaluate their professional future between these choices and the students’ personality types.
ObjectivesForms and scales were presented to 221 interns who agreed to participate in our study and were studying in their final year in the 2022-2023 period at three different faculties, two state universities and one private university in the Marmara Region in Turkey.
MethodsThe sociodemographic data form, Enneagram Personality Types and Subtypes Inventory, and Positive Future Expectation Scale, prepared by the researchers and containing questions about the factors that may be effective in choosing medical specialization, obtained through a face-to-face pilot interview with ten students and literature review, were applied to the participants. Participants answered the forms and scales via ‘Google forms’.
Results211 out of 221 participants, who did not constitute outliers, were included in the analysis. The mean age of the participants was 24.43 (S.E= 0.11)
In terms of Enneagram typologies, Type 2 (39.3%) exhibited the highest prevalence, followed by Type 1 (13.3%), Type 6 (11.8%), and Type 7 (8.5%).
Furthermore, a statistically significant relationship was found between specialization area and Enneagram types (Fisher exact <.001, p< .001). Post-hoc examinations highlighted specific associations, such as the relationship between Type 3 and Cardiovascular Surgery, Orthopedics and Traumatology; Type 4 and Pneumology, Psychiatry; Type 5 and PRC, Type 6 and Infectious Diseases, Neurology, Medical Microbiology; Type 7 and Cardiology; Type 8 and Pediatrics, Medical Biochemistry; and Type 9 and Family Medicine, Radiology, Psychiatry, Medical Pathology.
ConclusionsWhen the results are evaluated, the highest rate of type 2 and type 1 of the Enneagram typology in senior medical faculty students supports the fact that the medical profession consists of responsible and principled people who love helping others. It is compatible with the character traits of people with type 9 who avoid stress and conflict, preferring the department to have a low workload, and turning to family medicine, radiology, psychiatry and medical pathology departments, which are estimated to have relatively fewer working hours and emergency applications.
Our study suggests that this scale be used more widely, as the Enneagram typology, which is used in many professional and career choices, shows results compatible with the participants’ preferences in choosing a medical specialty.
Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Urinary retention induced by psychotropics: A case report
- E. Smaoui, D. Mnif, N. Reguaieg, F. Guermazi, S. Sakka, I. Baati, J. Masmoudi
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- European Psychiatry / Volume 67 / Issue S1 / April 2024
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 27 August 2024, pp. S693-S694
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Introduction
Neurological bladder is considered a functional disability that has a significant impact on the quality of life and psychological state of patients. Psychotropic drugs, in turn, can worsen the urinary dysfunction caused by this disease.
ObjectivesOur objective is to illustrate, through the case of a patient suffering from a neurological bladder decompensated by the treatment of a characterized depressive episode, the link between these two pathologies.
MethodsWe report the case of Ms. M.W., aged 51, with a history of high blood pressure stabilized under nebivolol and a neurological bladder diagnosed 10 years ago with episodic pollakiuria, admitted to the psychiatric department for repeated suicide attempts. She had never used psychoactive substances and had no family psychiatric history. The patient presented depressive symptoms evolving for 5 months. The diagnosis of a characterized depressive episode with melancholic features was made and the patient was treated with sertraline. From the first intake of the drug, the patient presented acute urinary retention (UR) requiring the placement of a permanent bladder catheter. The urinary symptoms improved upon stopping the treatment. Sertraline was changed to olanzapine and escitalopram. The patient stopped the treatment after one month because of the worsening of urinary symptoms requiring the installation of a suprapubic catheter. The urinary problem, together with the cessation of treatment, were responsible for a worsening of psychiatric symptoms leading to multiple suicide attempts. Given the advanced stage of the neurological bladder demonstrated by the urodynamic tests, our patient was treated with paroxetine, quetiapine and oxazepam along with psychotherapeutic education. The evolution was characterized by improvement in psychiatric symptoms and the urinary symptoms were stable.
ResultsThe lack of improvement after treatment discontinuation could be explained by an underlying neurological bladder manifesting with pollakiuria. The current literature on UR induced by psychotropic treatments is quite rare limited in case reports. This effect occurs especially when selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are prescribed in combination with other antipsychotics. Unlike first generation antipsychotics, atypical antipsychotics have muscarinic receptor antagonist properties which can induce UR. Among atypical antipsychotics, olanzapine has been shown to have the greatest antimuscarinic effects. Regarding SSRIs, they are associated with a lower risk of UR than other antidepressants and sertraline had the highest risk of UR.
ConclusionsSSRIs can induce UR particularly in combination with atypical antipsychotics. Coordination of care across multiple specialties and understanding the side effects of psychotropic medications can enable faster diagnoses and adequate management.
Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Evaluation of an App-based brief Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for individuals with Nonsuicidal Self-injury
- S. Kang, S. M. Zoh, J.-W. Hur
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- European Psychiatry / Volume 67 / Issue S1 / April 2024
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 27 August 2024, p. S552
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Introduction
Nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI), the deliberate and direct destruction of one’s own body tissue without suicidal intent, has represented a significant public health concern among adolescents and young adults worldwide, yet they have limited access to evidence-based interventions. App-based digital therapy, with its advantages of high cost-effectiveness, accessibility, and user receptivity, could be an effective intervention for NSSI. We expected that the use of an app-based brief cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) would improve depressive symptoms and emotion dysregulation, the most prevalent symptoms among individuals with NSSI.
ObjectivesThis study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of a 3-week app-based brief CBT program focusing on cognitive distortion correction for individuals with NSSI.
MethodsA total of 34 participants who engaged in NSSI were included in the final analysis, with 18 individuals assigned to the ‘app group’ and 16 to the ‘waitlist group.’ The brief CBT program consisted of three quizzes designed to prompt the users to identify cognitive distortions embedded in a series of short scenarios, develop more realistic perspectives, and imagine advising to significant others. The app group was instructed to complete three quizzes per day for three weeks, while the waitlist group received no intervention.
ResultsBaseline and follow-up assessments of depression and emotion regulation were conducted. After the 3-week program, the app group showed a significant reduction in depressive symptoms (F = 8.30, P = .007) compared to the waitlist group. There was no group difference regarding emotion regulation.
ConclusionsDepression is a prominent symptom in individuals with NSSI. Our findings suggest that an app-based brief CBT intervention targeting cognitive distortions can effectively alleviate depression in individuals with NSSI. The results also highlight the need for digital interventions that are tailored and designed to improve emotion regulation in this population.
Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Current Challenges and Future Directions of Research in Cell Phone Addiction
- O. Vasiliu
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- European Psychiatry / Volume 67 / Issue S1 / April 2024
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- 27 August 2024, pp. S295-S296
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Introduction
Behavioral addictions (BAs) are intensely explored during the last decades due to their impact on the quality of life, functionality, socio-economical negative consequences, and high risk of mental health negative consequences. BAs are new challenges for clinicians and researchers due to a lack of well-defined diagnostic criteria, very few available epidemiological data, and scarce information about efficient therapeutic interventions. Cell phone addiction (CPA) has been raising a significant interest for mental health specialists because of its increasing prevalence and potential long-term physical and mental complications. Therefore, an analysis of the available data about the main characteristics of this pathology seems granted.
ObjectivesThe main objective of this review was represented by the need to find relevant reports about the epidemiological, clinical, and therapeutic interventions in CPA.
MethodsA narrative review focused on the available treatments for food addiction was performed through a search in four electronic databases (PubMed, Cochrane, EMBASE, and Web of Science/Clarivate) using the paradigm “cell phone addiction” or “smartphone dependence” and “treatment” or “epidemiology” or “diagnostic criteria” or “risk factors.” No inferior time limit for published papers was established, and the superior limit was July 2023.
ResultsA relatively large number of papers regarding this topic were found (n=772), but after applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, only 29 articles remained. Female gender and adolescents, but also high anxiety levels, insomnia, excessive Internet use, less physical activity, and a higher level of dependence have been correlated with CPA. Six validated scales have been identified as possible instruments for monitoring the CPA evolution. Different diagnostic criteria have been suggested, but they still lack clinical validation. Cognitive-behavioral therapy could be helpful, and smartphone applications that limit online time could also be efficient. Treatment of previously mentioned vulnerability factors is also recommended to obtain long-term favorable effects.
ConclusionsCPA is an increasingly explored BA, but validated diagnostic criteria are still missing. The treatment is also based on extrapolations from other addictions. Therefore large sample-based therapy trials are needed.
Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Assessment of job satisfaction and work ability in a confectionery factory : A Cross-Sectional Study
- H. Daoud, I. Sellami, C. Ben Chabene, A. Haddar, M. A. Ghrab, K. Jmal Hammami, M. Hajjaji, M. L. Masmoudi
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- European Psychiatry / Volume 67 / Issue S1 / April 2024
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 27 August 2024, p. S596
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Introduction
Job satisfaction is a fundamental pillar of the modern workplace. Recognizing the significance of job satisfaction and actively promoting it has become a strategic imperative in today’s work environment.
ObjectivesThe present study aimed to assess job satisfaction and work ability among workers in a confectionery factory.
MethodsA cross-sectional study conducted in a Sfax confectionery factory included 200 workers. Data were collected between December 2022 and July 2023 using a pre-established questionnaire. This questionnaire encompassed an evaluation of socio-demographic and professional data, measuring the degree of professional satisfaction and the level of work ability using a visual analogue scale ranging from 0 to 10.
ResultsThe gender ratio was 0.64. The mean age was 33.2 ± 8.8 years. Among our workers, 77.5% reported being satisfied with their work. The average perceived work ability score was 8.15 ± 2.087. Employees with higher levels of satisfaction were more likely to have increased work capacity (p = 0.000). Elevated job satisfaction not only boosts work capacity but can also reduce stress levels, improve overall mental well-being, and contribute to a healthier workplace environment. These factors collectively lead to higher work ability.
ConclusionsThese findings emphasize the importance of prioritizing employee well-being to enhance overall productivity and company success. Fostering a work environment that prioritizes job satisfaction can lead to a more productive and successful workplace.
Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Ryan Thomas Skinner. Afro-Sweden: Becoming Black in a Color-Blind Country. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 2022. vii + 308 pp. $28.00. Paper. ISBN: 978-1-5179-1231-4.
- Babacar M’Baye
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- African Studies Review , First View
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 27 August 2024, pp. 1-2
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Sexuality in schizophrenia: Perception of signals of sexual interest
- P. Biedková, O. Vaníček, O. Novák, K. Ständer, E. Kolářová, R. Androvičová
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- European Psychiatry / Volume 67 / Issue S1 / April 2024
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 27 August 2024, p. S391
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Introduction
There is emerging evidence that people with schizophrenia (SCH) struggle to form romantic relationships and are often dissatisfied with their sex lives. Intimate relationships are perceived as normalizing and related to a person’s recovery and better medication adherence. Nevertheless, this area remains scientifically unaddressed, and patients with SCH generally do not feel adequately supported in terms of their sexual health.
ObjectivesThe study aims to assess whether challenges in establishing sexual relationships could be connected to: a) decreased salience of sexual intimacy and/or b) compromised ability to detect, recognize, and react to signals of sexual interest.
MethodsForty-three patients with SCH (29 males and 14 females) and a control group of twenty-four participants (11 males and 13 females) were exposed to our first experiment, the Circular attention task. This task was designed to evaluate the salience of erotic stimuli compared to neutral ones. At the beginning of each trial, a black fixation circle appeared in the middle of the screen. When a fixation of 250 ms or longer was detected within the circular area of interest (AOI) around the fixation circle, the fixation circle disappeared, and a pair of erotic/neutral pictures appeared. During the experiment, the eye movements were measured using the eye-tracking device Eyelink 1000plus. For data analysis, we used Wilcoxon signed-rank test to assess the differences between the mean latency to first fixation, mean duration of first fixation, and mean proportion of time spent gazing at the stimulus both for sexual and neutral pictures in the whole sample regardless of sex and patient status. More detailed analysis was performed using 2 (sex: male, female) x 2 (status: patient, control) two-way ANOVA.
ResultsConsidering the whole sample there was a significant difference in mean latency to first fixation (W = 707, p = 0.007, rrb = -0.379) and mean duration of first fixation (W = 1923, p < 0.001, rrb = 0.739). There was a shorter latency to first fixations towards sexual pictures (M = 952.33 ms) than to neutral pictures (M = 1005.30 ms). First fixations were longer for sexual pictures (M = 280.96 ms) than for neutral pictures (M = 243.73 ms). There was an effect overall in the sample towards the sexual pictures, but it was not different for participants based on their sex or patient status.
ConclusionsFindings revealed that interest in explicit sexual stimuli does not differ based on sex or patient status. Patients with SCH appear to find explicit erotic signals sexually salient, suggesting their interest in sexual intimacy. Our study will further investigate whether persons with SCH are able to interpret, recognize and respond to signals of sexual interest. Based on our results, the guidelines for sexological remediation will be developed.
The study was supported by the Charles University, 1. LF project GA UK No. 56123.
Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Сhronotype and health related quality of life among undergraduate university students
- E. L. Nikolaev, I. Poverinov, M. Alhasan
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- European Psychiatry / Volume 67 / Issue S1 / April 2024
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 27 August 2024, pp. S671-S672
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Introduction
Chronotype represents genetically determined behavioral characteristics of a person’s twenty-four-hour activity. Research shows that a person’s chronotype is interrelated with their mental health. Are there similar connections with general health and health related quality of life?
ObjectivesTo establish how various chronotypes are represented in university students and if there are any interrelations between chronotypes and health‐related quality of life
MethodsWe used SF-12 Health Survey и Morningness–Eveningness Questionnaire (MEQ) by Horne and Ostberg to survey 305 university students of both genders.
ResultsThe results showed that the majority of the students (71.2%) have an intermediate chronotype. The second goes a moderate morning chronotype (17.7%), the third – a moderate evening chronotype (9.8%). Definite morning and definite evening chronotypes were revealed in less than 1% of the students. SF-12 Health Survey scale indicators that assess quality of life corresponded to standard scores for the given group of the respondents. We have revealed valid relations in correlational interconnections of the achieved parameters. Thus, the morning chronotype is most consistently associated (p<0.01) in undergraduate university students with higher indicators of health related quality of life including General Health (r=.23), Vitality (r=.21), Role Physical (r=.18), Role Emotional (r=.17), Physical Functioning (r=.16), Social Functioning (r=.13). Mental Health and Bodily Pain in university students are not connected with the chronotype (p>05).
ConclusionsTherefore, this research establishes that the majority of the students are related to the intermediate chronotype, and the morning chronotype corresponds to higher levels of most indicators of health related quality of life excluding the level of mental health.
Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
HCV screening, investigation and management in persons with SUD admitted to Mount Carmel Hospital, Malta
- M. A. Apap Bologna, K. Sant, A. Camilleri, G. Grech
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- European Psychiatry / Volume 67 / Issue S1 / April 2024
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 27 August 2024, p. S406
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Introduction
Individuals who suffer from substance use disorder (SUD) are at increased risk of Hepatitis C (HCV). Mount Carmel Hospital (MCH) is the only public service in-patient mental health care facility on the island of Malta. Individuals with SUD are referred to MCH for support with comorbid mental health conditions.
ObjectivesTo assess whether current practice meets the UK Clinical Guidelines on Drug Misuse and Dependence (2017) recommendations- yearly screening for HCV, further testing and referral to infectious disease specialists for those who screen positive for HCV. To compare current practice at MCH, Malta with other countries in the European Union and United Kingdom.
MethodsRetrospective analysis of HCV screening, investigation and referral practices as recorded on iSoft Clinical Manager records for SUD-related admissions to MCH under the care of addiction specialists in 2022 (n=120). Admissions data were provided by the data protection office, with permission from the Chairman of the Department of Psychiatry, and de-identified at source to safeguard patient confidentiality.
Results60% (n=72) of the SUD inpatient population underwent screening for HCV according to guideline recommendations. 37% (n=44) of this cohort has received a positive HCV antibody result. 32 persons had HCV RNA load records, 34% (n=11) of whom had a detectable viral load. 50% (n=17) of those who screened positive for HCV were offered an appointment with an infectious disease specialist within the year, 7 attended. The table below compares HCV status between our group and published data for the UK, Austria and Greece. Despite heterogeneity in study designs and populations (we describe an inpatient cohort with diagnosed SUD, not all of whom inject drugs) comparable proportions have undergone HCV screening in the preceding twelve months and similar proportions have chronic HCV infection.
% Tested in past year for HCV % HCV antibody positive % HCV RNA detectable % HCV cleared Malta (MCH 2022) 60 37 34 66 England, Wales, N. Ireland (UAMS 2021) 43 57 26 74 Scotland (NESI 2020) 58 55 81 19 Austria (EMCDDA 2019) 59 85 44 56 Greece (EMCDDA 2019) / 61 54 46 ConclusionsMost SUD inpatients at MCH undergo HCV screening according to guideline recommendations but current practice falls short of ideal coverage and follow-up care. Current screening practices and chronic HCV infection rates at MCH are comparable to other countries in the EU and UK.
Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Post-traumatic stress disorder in parents of schizophrenic patients at the Arrazi Psychiatric Hospital in Salé following familial violence
- N. Ait Bensaid, F. El Omari
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- European Psychiatry / Volume 67 / Issue S1 / April 2024
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 27 August 2024, p. S665
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Introduction
Parents whose adult child has a serious mental illness are at risk of serious violence from their child. One of the reasons for the high risk of PTSD is violence in the home [1,2]. The high risk of PTSD in parents of patients with schizophrenia is an issue of great concern because parents are likely to fear repeated violence and, therefore, to object to patients being discharged from hospital.
ObjectivesTo assess the existence of post-traumatic stress disorder in relatives of patients with schizophrenia treated at the Arrazi University Psychiatric Hospital in Salé following familial violence.
MethodsThis was a descriptive cross-sectional study using a questionnaire including sociodemographic criteria, clinical criteria, questions about domestic violence and an “IES-R” post-traumatic stress symptom assessment questionnaire to investigate the existence of post-traumatic stress disorder in relatives of patients with schizophrenia followed up at Arrazi University Psychiatric Hospital in Salé following familial violence.
ResultsThe response of 72 relatives of schizophrenic patients was collected. About 70% of the participants were mothers. The average age of the participants was 58. All lived with children who had been treated for schizophrenia for more than 18 years (57% of participants). Around 20% of these children were in hospital at the time of completing this questionnaire.
About 80% of the children with schizophrenia spent all their time at home, and about 89% of the participants had already been victims of violence from their sick children. 90% had been sworn at and insulted, the majority blamed themselves for the illness, about 56% had already been kicked or punched, and 36% had already received death threats and 12% serious injuries/.
For all items, parents with a high IES-R score had significantly more experiences of violence than parents with a low IES-R score. The percentage of parents with a high IES-R score was 45%.
ConclusionsThe experience of severe violence and hospitalisation of a patient was related to a high risk of post-traumatic stress disorder in parents. These two factors can be considered as traumatic events arising from crisis situations and can have harmful consequences for parents and their schizophrenic children, who are sometimes rejected. There seems to be a need to create crisis intervention programmes that offer a multidisciplinary approach capable of rapidly detecting the exacerbation of a serious mental illness and providing rapid and intensive treatment as quickly as possible. Finally, the provision of support, education or treatment for parents during their child’s hospitalisation is essential.
Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
The morbidity and prevalence of mental pathology in children and adolescents in the kyrgyz republic for 2005-2020
- A. Nurali Kyzy, T. M. Kadyrova
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- European Psychiatry / Volume 67 / Issue S1 / April 2024
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 27 August 2024, pp. S252-S253
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Introduction
One of the principles of healthcare is preventive focus, that is, the implementation of measures to improve the hygienic education of the population and maintain a healthy lifestyle. The scientific rationale for carrying out primary prevention activities is based on an analysis of morbidity and prevalence rates and their dynamics.
Objectivesto conduct a comparative analysis of the primary incidence and prevalence of mental pathology in children and adolescents (0-17 years) in the Kyrgyz Republic for 2005-2020 .
Methodsstatistical data from the Republican Center for Electronic Health and the National Statistical Committee of the Kyrgyz Republic were used (http://www.stat.kg/ru/rss/), (http://cez.med.kg/).
Resultsprimary incidence of mental pathology among children and adolescents in 2005, 2010, 2015 and 2020 amounted to 66.2, 44.1, 44.8, 51.1 respectively (based on 100,000 the child population). The prevalence of mental pathology for 2005-2020 was 418.4, 317.0, 312.5, 400.0 respectively (based on 100,000 the child population). That is, morbidity and prevalence rates show higher numbers in 2005 and in 2020 (Diagram №1). In the gender aspect, morbidity rates were higher in males 40.0, 28.0, 31.3, 31.0 compared to females 26.3, 16.1, 17.1, 20.1 (based on 100,000 the child population; (Diagram №2).
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Image 2:
Conclusionsthe variability of the obtained indicators of morbidity and prevalence of mental pathology in children and adolescents is due to difficulties in providing specialized psychiatric care to the child population due to the lack of child psychiatrists in the regions of the country, the processes of population migration, and the phenomenon of stigmatization. In this regard, measures and educational programs are needed to improve the provision of psychiatric care to the child population at the level of primary medical and social care.
Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Professional quality life of psychiatry residents in Tunisia
- R. Masmoudi, S. Ajmi, A. Guermazi, F. Guermazi, I. Baati, J. Masmoudi
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- European Psychiatry / Volume 67 / Issue S1 / April 2024
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 27 August 2024, pp. S798-S799
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Introduction
The professional quality of life for psychiatry residents is a complex and multifaceted aspect of their careers. However, the demanding nature of their work can place significant stress on their own psychological well-being. Balancing the need to care for patients while also managing personal and professional responsibilities can be challenging. Nevertheless, psychiatry residents have the opportunity to make a profound impact on the lives of their patients and find fulfillment in their work.
ObjectivesTo assess the prevalence of burnout (BO) and secondary traumatic stress (STS) among psychiatry residents.
MethodsWe conducted a descriptive online cross-sectional survey in January 2022 among psychiatry residents practicing at Hedi Chaker University Hospital in the Sfax region in Tunisia. Professional life quality was evaluated using The Professional Quality of Life Scale - 5 “ProQOL-5”.
ResultsThe total number of residents was 34, of which 91.2% were female. Their mean age was 27.94 years±2.43. They were single in 67.6%. They were residents in adult psychiatry in 61.8% and in child psychiatry in 39.2%. For 91.2% of them, the specialty of adult or pediatric psychiatry was their own choice. The individuals had been practicing psychiatry for an average of two years. They reported a personal medical or surgical history, a personal psychiatric history, and a family history of psychiatric disorders in 32.4%, 8.8%, and 50%, respectively.
On the ProQOL-5 scale, we found that 88.2% of the residents had a moderate level of compassion satisfaction, 67.6% had a moderate level of burnout, and 52.9% had a moderate level of secondary traumatic stress.
ConclusionsOur study showed a moderate professional life quality among psychiatry residents, hence the importance of implementing intervention strategies.
Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Postictal psychosis : Case Report and Literature Review
- S. Ajmi, M. Bouhamed, K. Makni, S. Hentati, I. Feki, R. Sallemi, J. Masmoudi
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- European Psychiatry / Volume 67 / Issue S1 / April 2024
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 27 August 2024, p. S487
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Introduction
The prevalence of psychosis in patients with epilepsy is estimated approximately 7.8%. However, postictal psychosis appears to be much less common, with a prevalence of 2% in epilepsy. Postictal psychosis is defined as psychotic episodes starting within less than one week after an epileptic seizure.
ObjectivesOur aim was to study the clinical characteristics and the therapeutic options through a case report and a review of the literature.
MethodsCase report and unsystematic literature review were obtained by searching the Pubmed.gov database. Thirty-six articles were identified through searches of this database and thirty-five articles were included in the selection of in-text articles integral
ResultsA 32-year-old men patient, without a personal or family history of psychiatric illness, was admitted to a psychiatric unit for a psychotic episode which has started three days before, mystical delusions, irritability, disorganized behavior, and aggressiveness, that had emerged shortly after a cluster of generalized tonic-clonic GTC seizures. Additionally, divided attention and memory deficits were noticed during psychiatric hospitalization.
Past medical history was relevant for epilepsy since he was 20 years olds. He did not regularly attend follow-up neurology appointments and had poor adherence to antiepileptic treatment. Last tomography images, a day before the hospitalization in psychiatry, had documented hypodense lesions in the periventricular white matter and subcortical semi-oval center distributed bilaterally and symmetrically suggestive of leukopathy. During the hospitalization, biochemical screening, renal and thyroid function were normal, serologies for B and C hepatitis were negative.
Psychotic symptoms subsided in the first 36 hours after admission upon treatment with Risperidone 4 mg/day, carbamazepine 600 mg/day, and 15O mg phenobarbital.
ConclusionsFrom our research, we can deduce that although these syndromes are widely recognized, standard diagnostic manuals fail to acknowledge them, resulting in a noticeable lack of attention in the literature. Therefore, it is crucial for physicians to carefully examine patients with known risk factors for the symptoms of postictal psychosis.
Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
E-Learning challenges and trainee teacher engagement: Lessons from the COVID-19 pandemic
- Z. Boumaaize, A. Bouhaba, H. Guider, M. A. Lafraxo, Y. El Madhi, H. Hami
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- Journal:
- European Psychiatry / Volume 67 / Issue S1 / April 2024
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 27 August 2024, p. S547
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Introduction
The sudden emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic resulted in a compulsory shift to distance learning due to school closures. Consequently, all educational courses were delivered virtually. To facilitate this transition for students and educators, the Ministry of Education implemented digital learning platforms, such as Taalim.ma and TelmidTice. Furthermore, the Broadcasting and Television National Company reorganized its television channels to maintain continuity throughout the academic year. As a result, trainee teachers have effectively shifted to distance learning, using resources such as e-Takwine, MOOC classes, and digital classrooms.
ObjectivesThis study examines the factors that cause discomfort among trainee teachers and evaluates their influence on satisfaction with distance learning during the COVID-19 pandemic.
MethodsWe conducted a descriptive study with 370 Moroccan trainee teachers, with a mean age of 28.30 ± 5.99 years. We collected data using a self-administered questionnaire that was divided into three sections. The initial section examined sociodemographic and professional factors, including gender, age, marital status, academic level, and training cycle. The subsequent section focuses on discomfort-inducing factors, including living arrangements during lockdown, digital skills, material availability, network connectivity, and training schedules. Finally, the concluding section analyzes the trainees’ satisfaction and perceptions within their learning community.
ResultsThe study indicated that 75% of trainee teachers lived in homes with four to seven residents, leading to confined living arrangements. Furthermore, 55% of the participants did not have a designated workspace for studying, focusing, or engaging with instructors. Participants identified various obstacles to online learning, including 80% lacking digital skills, 60% having insufficient equipment, 73.33% experiencing connection and network issues, 78.33% being unfamiliar with online learning, and 68.33% facing an unsuitable training schedule. The study indicates a positive correlation between trainee satisfaction and engagement (r = 0.422, p< 0.001).
ConclusionsThe COVID-19 pandemic has necessitated online education as a crucial resource for ensuring the continuity of education. This study highlights the paramount significance of developing effective e-training policies to direct novice teachers toward successful online learning by alleviating their discomfort factors.
Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Post-traumatic stress disorder after childbirth: A Tunisian study
- N. Sghaier, R. Ben Soussia, H. Bouchahda, I. Belhadj, H. Ben Garouia, H. Khiari
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- Journal:
- European Psychiatry / Volume 67 / Issue S1 / April 2024
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 27 August 2024, p. S664
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Introduction
Childbirth is a special time for every woman, bringing pregnancy to an end and marking the birth of a new baby. This transitional event presents countless physical and psychological changes. Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), the result of particularly intense stress, is often linked to the perception of childbirth as a traumatic event, requiring optimized follow-up and screening.
ObjectivesThe aim of this current study is to estimate the prevalence of post-partum post-traumatic stress disorder in a sample group of Tunisian women and to determine factors associated with childbirth-related post-traumatic stress disorder.
MethodsThis is a longitudinal prospective descriptive study conducted among women hospitalized for childbirth in the obstetrics and gynecology department and those who consulted the prenatal outpatient clinic at Taher Sfar Mahdia Hospital. The duration of the study is 7 months, from March 15, 2020 to September 15, 2020. Data collection was based on a pre-established questionnaire determining the various socio-demographic and clinical characteristics. Psychometric assessment was carried out using the Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist Scale (PCL-S).
ResultsWe enrolled 120 women with a mean age of 28.2± 5.3 years. Few women had a psychiatric history of depression (1.2%) or anxiety (3%), and 29% had a pathological obstetric history. Nevertheless, 12.5% of patients were hospitalized during pregnancy. Eighty-seven patients expressed anticipatory fear of childbirth, and 102 women had good marital and social support. Almost half of deliveries (48.3%) were vaginal, and almost a third (27.5%) were emergency caesarean sections. Level 3 pain was reported in 73.3% of cases. Psychometric assessment revealed a prevalence of PTSD of 5.8%, with PTSD symptomatology in 18.4% of women. PTSD was statistically associated with low level of education (p=0.02), postpartum complications (p=0.05) and gender of newborn (p=0.01).
ConclusionsPostpartum PTSD is a major public health problem affecting the healthy development of the newborn, the overall mental and physical recovery and well-being of the mother.Our findings suggest several intervention points for healthcare practitioners, including careful prenatal screening of past trauma history, social support, pain management and expectations about the birth, within a multidisciplinary approach.
Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Patterns of antipsychotic prescription in inpatient and outpatient psychiatric settings: a real world study
- T. G. Prodi, E. Piccoli, C. Bucca, A. Tomasoni, B. Dell’Osso
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- Journal:
- European Psychiatry / Volume 67 / Issue S1 / April 2024
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 27 August 2024, pp. S570-S571
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Introduction
Antipsychotic (AP) are increasingly prescribed off-label and used as, but not limited to, anti-aggressive, anti-impulsive, and anti-suicidal medication. The use of second-generation AP (SGAs) has progressively increased compared to first-generation AP (FGAs). FGAs cause more extrapyramidal motor side effects and tardive dyskinesia than SGAs, whereas SGAs generally cause more weight gain and cardiometabolic adverse effects.
ObjectivesAim of this observational study was to describe the socio-demographic and clinical features of the patients receiving new AP treatment and the features of the pharmacological treatment itself in “real world” context. Furthermore, we aimed to compare socio-demographic and clinical characteristics of the subjects who were prescribed either FGAs or SGAs.
MethodsData were collected on the latest new AP prescriptions issued across different settings (two psychiatric wards; five outpatients clinics; and one rehabilitation community) belonging to ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco (located in Milan) in reverse chronological order from May 2023.
Socio-demographic and clinical variables of the subjects who received new AP treatment were collected through medical records. We compared age, age at onset, age at first pharmacological treatment, duration of illness, duration of untreated illness, treatment duration, number of hospitalization and admissions to Day Hospital services, involuntary commitments and suicidal attempts in patients who received either FGAs or SGAs. Chi-square was used for qualitative variables and t-test for quantitative variables. Data were collected anonymously and analyzed using SPSS v.27.
ResultsThe sample included 155 new AP prescriptions, out of which 29.2% were formulated in the psychiatric wards, 66.9% in the outpatient clinics e 3.9% in the rehabilitative community. Mean age of the subjects was 41.1 ± 16.9 years, 53.2% were male.
The most represented diagnoses were psychotic disorders (32.2%), personality disorders (24.8%), bipolar disorder (16.1%) and depressive disorder (12.8%).
90.7% of new AP prescriptions were SGAs. The most prescribed were aripiprazole (30.5%), quetiapine (21.2%) and olanzapine (15.2%); while the most prescribed FGAs were haloperidol (5.3%), zuclopenthixol (2%) and chlorpromazine (1.3%). 26.2% of the prescriptions were in monotherapy and 83.8% were for oral administration.
The reasons for introduction were partial or absent response to previous treatments (52.3%), disease onset (23.5%), non-compliance (8.3%), adverse effects to previous treatments (6.8%) or other (9.1%). Patients treated with FGA had a longer duration of untreated illness (p<0,001) and a greater number of lifetime hospitalizations (p<0,001) and involuntary commitments (p=0,002).
ConclusionsPatients treated with SGAs have a shorter duration of untreated illness and also lower chance of lifetime hospitalization and involuntary commitment.
Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Subgroups of patients with late onset schizophrenia-like psychoses revealed by the analysis of glutathione-dependent enzymes and inflammation markers
- T. Prokhorova, I. Boksha, L. Androsova, E. Tereshkina, V. Pochueva, O. Savushkina
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- Journal:
- European Psychiatry / Volume 67 / Issue S1 / April 2024
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 27 August 2024, pp. S342-S343
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Introduction
While chronic inflammation and enhanced imbalance of pro- and antioxidant, including glutathione-dependent, systems contribute substantially to pathogenesis of mental disorders in old age, extent of oxidative stress and degree of inflammatory processes severity are varying among patients with late onset schizophrenia.
ObjectivesRevealing various phenotypes in patients with late onset schizophrenia basing on measurement of activity levels for blood glutathione-dependent enzymes and inflammation markers and analysis of their links with clinical features of the patients.
MethodsOf 59 studied women patients 34 were with late onset (after 40 years) and 25 with very late onset (after 60 years) schizophrenia or schizophrenia-like psychoses (F20; F22.8; F25; F23; F06.2 by ICD-10). 34 mentally healthy women elder than 50 years comprised controls. Glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), neutrophil elastase (NE), and α1-roteinase inhibitor (α1-PI) activities were measured in blood. PANSS, CDSS and CGI-S were used to assess the severity of psychotic symptoms, depression and treatment effectiveness.
ResultsIn the whole group of patients, GR was lower (p<0.05), and α1-PI was higher (p<0.0001) than in control group. Clustering the patients by their biochemical and immunological signs revealed two clusters (C1, n=34, and C2, n=25) significantly differing by GST (p<0.0001), NE (p<0.0001), and α1-PI (p<0.001) activities. As compared with controls, GST and α1-PI were higher (p<0.05 and p<0.0001), and NE was lower (p<0.05) in C1. As compared with controls, GR activity was lower (p<0.05), NE activity was higher (p<0.001), and α1-PI activity was much higher (p<0.001) in C2. Patients of C1 and C2 did not differ in age, diagnosis, severity of the disease, but differed in clinical features of the course of the disease: significantly more patients with very late onset schizophrenia (76%) were met in C1 (χ2=13.41, p<0.001). Also, different clinical-biological correlations were found in these clusters. Particularly, negative correlations of baseline NE activity with PANSS general psychopathology subscale scores (R=-0.39, p<0.05) and with total PANSS scores (R=-0.39, p<0.05) were found in C1. Positive correlation of GST activity with PANSS positive subscale score was found in C2 (R=0.43, p<0.05).
ConclusionsThe revealed clusters differ in the extent of the glutathione antioxidant system impairment and in levels of the immune response markers. The revealing of the patient subgroups on the basis of biological markers reflecting impairments in metabolic and immune systems can represent interest in the search for individual treatment approaches.
Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
A multidisciplinary approach to the treatment of children and adolescents with Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome
- M. Tripković, I. Bakija, D. Horvat, P. Lederer, I. Begovac
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- Journal:
- European Psychiatry / Volume 67 / Issue S1 / April 2024
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 27 August 2024, p. S453
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Introduction
Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome (BWS) is a rare and complex congenital disorder characterized by a spectrum of symptoms and somatic findings. The prevalence of classic BWS is 1:26,000 births in Europe, and is equal in both sexes. The causes of the disorder are complex and are related to alterations in the expression of one or more genes in the region of chromosome 11. The heterogeneity of the clinical picture results in a spectrum of clinical features, the most common of which include: excessive growth of one side or certain parts of the body, macroglossia, abdominal wall deficits such as umbilical hernia, hypoglycemia, enlarged abdominal organs and an increased risk of developing certain types of tumors in adulthood.
ObjectivesThe aim of this article is to highlight the importance of an early multidisciplinary approach in the management of children and adolescents with BWS.
MethodsUsing clinical practice and a review of the existing limited literature, we examined the complexity of the disease and the importance of psychiatric, psychotherapeutic, and psychological interventions in the treatment of children and adolescents with rare diseases such as BWS.
ResultsAccording to our clinical practice, a number of uncertain physical symptoms and possible complications may in some children with BWS lead to psychomotor retardation and lack of self-confidence due to the often impaired physical appearance. Affected children and adolescents are more likely to be exposed to abuse at school, show more behavioral and learning difficulties, difficulties in social adjustment, and resultant emotional difficulties. After initial genetic and pediatric treatment and subsequent regular monitoring, it is necessary to pay additional attention to the development of psychological sequelae in order to involve them and their families in psychotherapeutic treatment, and intervene in a timely manner so that they can achieve or maintain psychological stability and functionality. Many adolescent patients with BWS do not have significant somatic difficulties that would require pediatric intervention, but often present with symptoms of mental illness.
ConclusionsPsychological stress in children and adolescents suffering from rare somatic diseases represents a negative experience of an emotional and social nature, which affects the course of the disease and interferes with the treatment. Due to a number of possible physical manifestations and outcomes of such diseases, extensive psychological support and care by child and adolescent psychiatrists and the entire medical team is required. A multidisciplinary approach is crucial in the treatment of these patients and results in improved functionality and quality of life.
Disclosure of InterestNone Declared