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Older age as a time to contribute: a scoping review of generativity in later life
- Feliciano Villar, Rodrigo Serrat, Michael W. Pratt
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- Journal:
- Ageing & Society / Volume 43 / Issue 8 / August 2023
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 12 October 2021, pp. 1860-1881
- Print publication:
- August 2023
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Research on later-life generativity has promoted a new view of older persons that, far from the traditional images of disability, dependence and frailty, recognises their capacities, and potential to continue growing, while underlining their participation and contributions to families, communities and society. The goal of this study was to carry out a scoping review on later-life generativity, the first one conducted on this topic as far as we know, to show how studies in this area have evolved, which aspects of generativity in later life have been studied, and the methodological and epistemological approaches that are dominant in this area of inquiry. Our scoping review shows that research into generativity in later life has grown steadily over the past 30 years, and particularly during the last decade. However, our results also show how such growing interest has focused on certain methodological approaches, epistemological frameworks and cultural contexts. We identify four critical gaps and leading-edge research questions that should be at the forefront of future research into generativity in later life, gaps that reflect biases in the existing literature identified in the study. These are classified as methodological, developmental, contextual and ‘dark-side’ gaps.
Bedload-to-suspended load ratio and rapid bedrock incision from Himalayan Landslide-dam lake record
- Beth Pratt-Sitaula, Michelle Garde, Douglas W. Burbank, Michael Oskin, Arjun Heimsath, Emmanuel Gabet
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- Journal:
- Quaternary Research / Volume 68 / Issue 1 / July 2007
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 20 January 2017, pp. 111-120
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About 5400 cal yr BP, a large landslide formed a > 400-m-tall dam in the upper Marsyandi River, central Nepal. The resulting lacustrine and deltaic deposits stretched > 7 km upstream, reaching a thickness of 120 m. 14C dating of 7 wood fragments reveals that the aggradation and subsequent incision occurred remarkably quickly (∼ 500 yr). Reconstructed volumes of lacustrine (∼ 0.16 km3) and deltaic (∼ 0.09 km3) deposits indicate a bedload-to-suspended load ratio of 1:2, considerably higher than the ≤ 1:10 that is commonly assumed. At the downstream end of the landslide dam, the river incised a new channel through ≥ 70 m of Greater Himalayan gneiss, requiring a minimum bedrock incision rate of 13 mm/yr over last 5400 yr. The majority of incision presumably occurred over a fraction of this time, suggesting much higher rates. The high bedload ratio from such an energetic mountain river is a particularly significant addition to our knowledge of sediment flux in orogenic environments.
Contributors
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- By Aakash Agarwala, Linda S. Aglio, Rae M. Allain, Paul D. Allen, Houman Amirfarzan, Yasodananda Kumar Areti, Amit Asopa, Edwin G. Avery, Patricia R. Bachiller, Angela M. Bader, Rana Badr, Sibinka Bajic, David J. Baker, Sheila R. Barnett, Rena Beckerly, Lorenzo Berra, Walter Bethune, Sascha S. Beutler, Tarun Bhalla, Edward A. Bittner, Jonathan D. Bloom, Alina V. Bodas, Lina M. Bolanos-Diaz, Ruma R. Bose, Jan Boublik, John P. Broadnax, Jason C. Brookman, Meredith R. Brooks, Roland Brusseau, Ethan O. Bryson, Linda A. Bulich, Kenji Butterfield, William R. Camann, Denise M. Chan, Theresa S. Chang, Jonathan E. Charnin, Mark Chrostowski, Fred Cobey, Adam B. Collins, Mercedes A. Concepcion, Christopher W. Connor, Bronwyn Cooper, Jeffrey B. Cooper, Martha Cordoba-Amorocho, Stephen B. Corn, Darin J. Correll, Gregory J. Crosby, Lisa J. Crossley, Deborah J. Culley, Tomas Cvrk, Michael N. D'Ambra, Michael Decker, Daniel F. Dedrick, Mark Dershwitz, Francis X. Dillon, Pradeep Dinakar, Alimorad G. Djalali, D. John Doyle, Lambertus Drop, Ian F. Dunn, Theodore E. Dushane, Sunil Eappen, Thomas Edrich, Jesse M. Ehrenfeld, Jason M. Erlich, Lucinda L. Everett, Elliott S. Farber, Khaldoun Faris, Eddy M. Feliz, Massimo Ferrigno, Richard S. Field, Michael G. Fitzsimons, Hugh L. Flanagan Jr., Vladimir Formanek, Amanda A. Fox, John A. Fox, Gyorgy Frendl, Tanja S. Frey, Samuel M. Galvagno Jr., Edward R. Garcia, Jonathan D. Gates, Cosmin Gauran, Brian J. Gelfand, Simon Gelman, Alexander C. Gerhart, Peter Gerner, Omid Ghalambor, Christopher J. Gilligan, Christian D. Gonzalez, Noah E. Gordon, William B. Gormley, Thomas J. Graetz, Wendy L. Gross, Amit Gupta, James P. Hardy, Seetharaman Hariharan, Miriam Harnett, Philip M. Hartigan, Joaquim M. Havens, Bishr Haydar, Stephen O. Heard, James L. Helstrom, David L. Hepner, McCallum R. Hoyt, Robert N. Jamison, Karinne Jervis, Stephanie B. Jones, Swaminathan Karthik, Richard M. Kaufman, Shubjeet Kaur, Lee A. Kearse Jr., John C. Keel, Scott D. Kelley, Albert H. Kim, Amy L. Kim, Grace Y. Kim, Robert J. Klickovich, Robert M. Knapp, Bhavani S. Kodali, Rahul Koka, Alina Lazar, Laura H. Leduc, Stanley Leeson, Lisa R. Leffert, Scott A. LeGrand, Patricio Leyton, J. Lance Lichtor, John Lin, Alvaro A. Macias, Karan Madan, Sohail K. Mahboobi, Devi Mahendran, Christine Mai, Sayeed Malek, S. Rao Mallampati, Thomas J. Mancuso, Ramon Martin, Matthew C. Martinez, J. A. Jeevendra Martyn, Kai Matthes, Tommaso Mauri, Mary Ellen McCann, Shannon S. McKenna, Dennis J. McNicholl, Abdel-Kader Mehio, Thor C. Milland, Tonya L. K. Miller, John D. Mitchell, K. Annette Mizuguchi, Naila Moghul, David R. Moss, Ross J. Musumeci, Naveen Nathan, Ju-Mei Ng, Liem C. Nguyen, Ervant Nishanian, Martina Nowak, Ala Nozari, Michael Nurok, Arti Ori, Rafael A. Ortega, Amy J. Ortman, David Oxman, Arvind Palanisamy, Carlo Pancaro, Lisbeth Lopez Pappas, Benjamin Parish, Samuel Park, Deborah S. Pederson, Beverly K. Philip, James H. Philip, Silvia Pivi, Stephen D. Pratt, Douglas E. Raines, Stephen L. Ratcliff, James P. Rathmell, J. Taylor Reed, Elizabeth M. Rickerson, Selwyn O. Rogers Jr., Thomas M. Romanelli, William H. Rosenblatt, Carl E. Rosow, Edgar L. Ross, J. Victor Ryckman, Mônica M. Sá Rêgo, Nicholas Sadovnikoff, Warren S. Sandberg, Annette Y. Schure, B. Scott Segal, Navil F. Sethna, Swapneel K. Shah, Shaheen F. Shaikh, Fred E. Shapiro, Torin D. Shear, Prem S. Shekar, Stanton K. Shernan, Naomi Shimizu, Douglas C. Shook, Kamal K. Sikka, Pankaj K. Sikka, David A. Silver, Jeffrey H. Silverstein, Emily A. Singer, Ken Solt, Spiro G. Spanakis, Wolfgang Steudel, Matthias Stopfkuchen-Evans, Michael P. Storey, Gary R. Strichartz, Balachundhar Subramaniam, Wariya Sukhupragarn, John Summers, Shine Sun, Eswar Sundar, Sugantha Sundar, Neelakantan Sunder, Faraz Syed, Usha B. Tedrow, Nelson L. Thaemert, George P. Topulos, Lawrence C. Tsen, Richard D. Urman, Charles A. Vacanti, Francis X. Vacanti, Joshua C. Vacanti, Assia Valovska, Ivan T. Valovski, Mary Ann Vann, Susan Vassallo, Anasuya Vasudevan, Kamen V. Vlassakov, Gian Paolo Volpato, Essi M. Vulli, J. Matthias Walz, Jingping Wang, James F. Watkins, Maxwell Weinmann, Sharon L. Wetherall, Mallory Williams, Sarah H. Wiser, Zhiling Xiong, Warren M. Zapol, Jie Zhou
- Edited by Charles Vacanti, Scott Segal, Pankaj Sikka, Richard Urman
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- Book:
- Essential Clinical Anesthesia
- Published online:
- 05 January 2012
- Print publication:
- 11 July 2011, pp xv-xxviii
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13 - Growing Toward Care: A Narrative Approach to Prosocial Moral Identity and Generativity of Personality in Emerging Adulthood
- Edited by Darcia Narvaez, University of Notre Dame, Indiana, Daniel K. Lapsley, University of Notre Dame, Indiana
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- Book:
- Personality, Identity, and Character
- Published online:
- 05 June 2012
- Print publication:
- 29 June 2009, pp 295-315
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Summary
In this chapter, we describe a program of research on the relation between moral identity and generativity development in late adolescence and emerging adulthood. Both constructs share a central concern, with the well-being of others as a core focus, leading us to expect that they will show considerable overlap in development. In examining moral identity, we draw on the framework of McAdams (2006a) specifically regarding the development of narrative identity.
We concentrate here on two complementary questions – first, how do the patterns in personal moral narratives relate to standard measures of moral values, moral behavior, and moral identity in emerging adulthood; and second, how do narratives of moral commitment assessed in late adolescence predict to generativity of personality? We begin by describing the construct of generativity in the personality literature, and then discuss the idea of moral identity and its development, focusing on a narrative approach. Following this, we examine the rationale for studying the interrelations between these two constructs of moral identity and generativity, summarize the results of two recent studies from our research, and finally consider the potential for a narrative approach to moral identity development.
GENERATIVITY OF PERSONALITY
Generativity was originally conceived by Erik Erikson (1963) as the hallmark of the period of midlife in the human life cycle, the seventh of eight life stages in his model of ego development (generativity versus stagnation). Erikson saw parenthood as the prototype of generativity, the commitment to caring for future generations as a legacy of the self into the future.
2 - Social and Family Determinants of Community Service Involvement in Canadian Youth
- Edited by Miranda Yates, Covenant House California, James Youniss, Catholic University of America, Washington DC
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- Book:
- Roots of Civic Identity
- Published online:
- 04 August 2010
- Print publication:
- 13 November 1998, pp 32-55
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Summary
The year was 1688. A major fire had destroyed the homes and belongings of scores of citizens in New France. The town of Quebec was swollen with the destitute, many of whom were forced to beg in the streets, having lost all they owned in the fire. The citizens of Quebec, concerned about the plight of their less fortunate compatriots, formed what was probably the first voluntary agency in Canada, the Bureau des Pauvres. This agency, managed and run by volunteers and supported by donations from the community, provided clothing, food, housing, and money to those in need. The Bureau des Pauvres continued to operate, providing relief to the poor, incapacitated, and elderly, until about 1700, at which time its functions were taken over by religious charities (Lautenschlager, 1992).
Volunteering in Canada: Some Historical Highlights
It was the churches that initiated most of the first organized social services in Canada. The Roman Catholic church founded the Hotel Dieu in Quebec in 1658, and La Maison de Providence in Montreal in 1688, to provide relief to the sick, incapacitated, and destitute, and education and training to those who could not afford to pay for them. Charitable organizations (called Societies) associated with the Roman Catholic church, such as the Society of Vincent de Paul, continued to provide support for the sick and indigent in Quebec through the eighteenth century and continuing into the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. Lay volunteers working with the Societies visited the sick and disabled, helped the unemployed find work, and ran clothing depots. They also began to take on social justice issues, advocating on behalf of disadvantaged groups in the community.