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A history of high-power laser research and development in the United Kingdom
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- Colin N. Danson, Malcolm White, John R. M. Barr, Thomas Bett, Peter Blyth, David Bowley, Ceri Brenner, Robert J. Collins, Neal Croxford, A. E. Bucker Dangor, Laurence Devereux, Peter E. Dyer, Anthony Dymoke-Bradshaw, Christopher B. Edwards, Paul Ewart, Allister I. Ferguson, John M. Girkin, Denis R. Hall, David C. Hanna, Wayne Harris, David I. Hillier, Christopher J. Hooker, Simon M. Hooker, Nicholas Hopps, Janet Hull, David Hunt, Dino A. Jaroszynski, Mark Kempenaars, Helmut Kessler, Sir Peter L. Knight, Steve Knight, Adrian Knowles, Ciaran L. S. Lewis, Ken S. Lipton, Abby Littlechild, John Littlechild, Peter Maggs, Graeme P. A. Malcolm, OBE, Stuart P. D. Mangles, William Martin, Paul McKenna, Richard O. Moore, Clive Morrison, Zulfikar Najmudin, David Neely, Geoff H. C. New, Michael J. Norman, Ted Paine, Anthony W. Parker, Rory R. Penman, Geoff J. Pert, Chris Pietraszewski, Andrew Randewich, Nadeem H. Rizvi, Nigel Seddon, MBE, Zheng-Ming Sheng, David Slater, Roland A. Smith, Christopher Spindloe, Roy Taylor, Gary Thomas, John W. G. Tisch, Justin S. Wark, Colin Webb, S. Mark Wiggins, Dave Willford, Trevor Winstone
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- Journal:
- High Power Laser Science and Engineering / Volume 9 / 2021
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 27 April 2021, e18
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The first demonstration of laser action in ruby was made in 1960 by T. H. Maiman of Hughes Research Laboratories, USA. Many laboratories worldwide began the search for lasers using different materials, operating at different wavelengths. In the UK, academia, industry and the central laboratories took up the challenge from the earliest days to develop these systems for a broad range of applications. This historical review looks at the contribution the UK has made to the advancement of the technology, the development of systems and components and their exploitation over the last 60 years.
3016 – How can we use Social Contact Interventions to Reduce Stigma and Discrimination against People with Mental Health Problems?
- S. Evans-Lacko, E. Malcolm, K. West, D. Rose, J. London, S. Japhet, K. Little, C. Henderson, G. Thornicroft
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- Journal:
- European Psychiatry / Volume 28 / Issue S1 / 2013
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 15 April 2020, 28-E1810
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Introduction
Social contact is one of the most effective strategies for improving inter-group relations and is supported by decades of positive evidence. Several studies specifically support social contact interventions as a way of reducing stigma against people with mental health problems. Despite the effectiveness of this approach, some social groups have few opportunities for social contact in the real world.
ObjectivesUsing the England Time to Change anti-stigma campaign as an example, we investigate the feasibility and effectiveness of delivering social contact interventions at the mass population level to reduce stigma and discrimination against people with mental health problems.
AimsTo investigate: (i) the feasibility of scaling up social contact interventions to reduce stigma and discrimination against people with mental health problems and (ii) the effectiveness of mass population social contact interventions to: improve intended stigmatising behaviour, increase willingness to disclose mental health problems and to promote engagement in antistigma activities.
MethodsTwo types of mass participation social contact programmes within England's Time to Change campaign were evaluated via self-report questionnaire. Participants at social contact events were asked about the occurrence and quality of contact, attitudes, readiness to discuss mental health, and intended behaviour towards people with mental health problems.
ResultsFindings on feasibility and effectiveness of social contact programmes will be presented.
ConclusionThis study suggests that social contact interventions can be used by anti-stigma campaigns to reduce stigma and discrimination against people with mental health problems. Further investigation is needed regarding the maintenance of these changes
Recovery of Transmembrane Potentials in Plants Resistant to Aryloxyphenoxypropanoate Herbicides: A Phenomenon Awaiting Explanation
- Joseph A. M. Holtum, Rainer E. Häusler, Malcolm D. Devine, Stephen B. Powles
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- Journal:
- Weed Science / Volume 42 / Issue 2 / June 1994
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 12 June 2017, pp. 293-301
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Aryloxyphenoxypropanoate (APP) herbicides, such as diclofop, depolarize membranes in parenchyma cells of coleoptiles and root tips, and isolated tonoplast or plasma membrane vesicles from a variety of plant species. Some APP-resistant biotypes of rigid ryegrass and wild oat repolarize membranes after removal of herbicide from a bathing medium. The repolarization ability does not require presence of either APP-insensitive acetyl coenzyme A carboxylase or an increased capacity for herbicide detoxification. The kinetics of depolarization and repolarization depend upon the herbicide, the herbicide concentration, the biotype, and the pH of the bathing solution. For rigid ryegrass, depolarization in the presence of diclofop acid is more rapid than in the presence of diclofop-methyl, and 50% depolarization required about 4 μM diclofop acid. Both the nonherbicidal S(–) and the herbicidal R(+) enantiomers of diclofop acid depolarized membranes in susceptible and resistant ryegrass. Susceptible biotypes regenerated transmembrane potentials following removal of the S(–) but not the R(+) enantiomer, whereas resistant biotypes repolarized following exposure to either enantiomer or a mixture of the two. The herbicide 2,4-D affected, in a complex manner, the ability of both susceptible and resistant ryegrass biotypes to depolarize and repolarize. It is postulated that the intracellular concentration of diclofop acid in susceptible and resistant plants is not the same due to differences in the partitioning of diclofop acid between the extracellular spaces and the cytoplasm. The mechanism producing the postulated difference is unknown, but observations on the proton extrusion capacity of both ryegrass and wild oats, the responses of ryegrass to [K+] and PCMBS, and the single-gene inheritance pattern of resistance in wild oats indicate that changes in the diclofop sensitivity of a plasma membrane protein involved in the generation of proton or ion gradients may be involved.
Mechanisms of Resistance to Diclofop of Two Wild Oat (Avena fatua) Biotypes from the Willamette Valley of Oregon
- Steven S. Seefeldt, E. Patrick Fuerst, David R. Gealy, Amit Shukla, Gerard P. Irzyk, Malcolm D. Devine
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- Journal:
- Weed Science / Volume 44 / Issue 4 / December 1996
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 12 June 2017, pp. 776-781
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Laboratory experiments were conducted to determine the mechanism of resistance to diclofop in two wild oat biotypes (designated ‘B’ and ‘C’ biotypes) from the Willamette Valley of Oregon. Resistance could not be attributed to differential absorption, translocation, or metabolism of diclofop. Resistance was not correlated with membrane plasmalemma repolarization following diclofop acid treatment. Compared to a susceptible (’S') wild oat biotype, acetyl CoA carboxylase from the B and C biotypes showed a 10.3 and 4.5 fold increase in the level of resistance, respectively, to diclofop acid. Cross-resistance to fenoxaprop acid was 5.5 and 7.3 times higher in the B and C biotypes, respectively than the S biotype. Correlation between resistance at the whole plant level and at the ACCase level was good for diclofop and fenoxaprop in the B biotype. For the C biotype, this correlation was not as good. Possible reasons for the discrepancy are given.
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- By Mitchell Aboulafia, Frederick Adams, Marilyn McCord Adams, Robert M. Adams, Laird Addis, James W. Allard, David Allison, William P. Alston, Karl Ameriks, C. Anthony Anderson, David Leech Anderson, Lanier Anderson, Roger Ariew, David Armstrong, Denis G. Arnold, E. J. Ashworth, Margaret Atherton, Robin Attfield, Bruce Aune, Edward Wilson Averill, Jody Azzouni, Kent Bach, Andrew Bailey, Lynne Rudder Baker, Thomas R. Baldwin, Jon Barwise, George Bealer, William Bechtel, Lawrence C. Becker, Mark A. Bedau, Ernst Behler, José A. Benardete, Ermanno Bencivenga, Jan Berg, Michael Bergmann, Robert L. Bernasconi, Sven Bernecker, Bernard Berofsky, Rod Bertolet, Charles J. Beyer, Christian Beyer, Joseph Bien, Joseph Bien, Peg Birmingham, Ivan Boh, James Bohman, Daniel Bonevac, Laurence BonJour, William J. Bouwsma, Raymond D. Bradley, Myles Brand, Richard B. Brandt, Michael E. Bratman, Stephen E. Braude, Daniel Breazeale, Angela Breitenbach, Jason Bridges, David O. Brink, Gordon G. Brittan, Justin Broackes, Dan W. Brock, Aaron Bronfman, Jeffrey E. Brower, Bartosz Brozek, Anthony Brueckner, Jeffrey Bub, Lara Buchak, Otavio Bueno, Ann E. Bumpus, Robert W. Burch, John Burgess, Arthur W. Burks, Panayot Butchvarov, Robert E. Butts, Marina Bykova, Patrick Byrne, David Carr, Noël Carroll, Edward S. Casey, Victor Caston, Victor Caston, Albert Casullo, Robert L. Causey, Alan K. L. Chan, Ruth Chang, Deen K. Chatterjee, Andrew Chignell, Roderick M. Chisholm, Kelly J. Clark, E. J. Coffman, Robin Collins, Brian P. Copenhaver, John Corcoran, John Cottingham, Roger Crisp, Frederick J. Crosson, Antonio S. Cua, Phillip D. Cummins, Martin Curd, Adam Cureton, Andrew Cutrofello, Stephen Darwall, Paul Sheldon Davies, Wayne A. Davis, Timothy Joseph Day, Claudio de Almeida, Mario De Caro, Mario De Caro, John Deigh, C. F. Delaney, Daniel C. Dennett, Michael R. DePaul, Michael Detlefsen, Daniel Trent Devereux, Philip E. Devine, John M. Dillon, Martin C. Dillon, Robert DiSalle, Mary Domski, Alan Donagan, Paul Draper, Fred Dretske, Mircea Dumitru, Wilhelm Dupré, Gerald Dworkin, John Earman, Ellery Eells, Catherine Z. Elgin, Berent Enç, Ronald P. Endicott, Edward Erwin, John Etchemendy, C. Stephen Evans, Susan L. Feagin, Solomon Feferman, Richard Feldman, Arthur Fine, Maurice A. Finocchiaro, William FitzPatrick, Richard E. Flathman, Gvozden Flego, Richard Foley, Graeme Forbes, Rainer Forst, Malcolm R. Forster, Daniel Fouke, Patrick Francken, Samuel Freeman, Elizabeth Fricker, Miranda Fricker, Michael Friedman, Michael Fuerstein, Richard A. Fumerton, Alan Gabbey, Pieranna Garavaso, Daniel Garber, Jorge L. A. Garcia, Robert K. Garcia, Don Garrett, Philip Gasper, Gerald Gaus, Berys Gaut, Bernard Gert, Roger F. Gibson, Cody Gilmore, Carl Ginet, Alan H. Goldman, Alvin I. Goldman, Alfonso Gömez-Lobo, Lenn E. Goodman, Robert M. Gordon, Stefan Gosepath, Jorge J. E. Gracia, Daniel W. Graham, George A. Graham, Peter J. Graham, Richard E. Grandy, I. Grattan-Guinness, John Greco, Philip T. Grier, Nicholas Griffin, Nicholas Griffin, David A. Griffiths, Paul J. Griffiths, Stephen R. Grimm, Charles L. Griswold, Charles B. Guignon, Pete A. Y. Gunter, Dimitri Gutas, Gary Gutting, Paul Guyer, Kwame Gyekye, Oscar A. Haac, Raul Hakli, Raul Hakli, Michael Hallett, Edward C. Halper, Jean Hampton, R. James Hankinson, K. R. Hanley, Russell Hardin, Robert M. Harnish, William Harper, David Harrah, Kevin Hart, Ali Hasan, William Hasker, John Haugeland, Roger Hausheer, William Heald, Peter Heath, Richard Heck, John F. Heil, Vincent F. Hendricks, Stephen Hetherington, Francis Heylighen, Kathleen Marie Higgins, Risto Hilpinen, Harold T. Hodes, Joshua Hoffman, Alan Holland, Robert L. Holmes, Richard Holton, Brad W. Hooker, Terence E. Horgan, Tamara Horowitz, Paul Horwich, Vittorio Hösle, Paul Hoβfeld, Daniel Howard-Snyder, Frances Howard-Snyder, Anne Hudson, Deal W. Hudson, Carl A. Huffman, David L. Hull, Patricia Huntington, Thomas Hurka, Paul Hurley, Rosalind Hursthouse, Guillermo Hurtado, Ronald E. Hustwit, Sarah Hutton, Jonathan Jenkins Ichikawa, Harry A. Ide, David Ingram, Philip J. Ivanhoe, Alfred L. Ivry, Frank Jackson, Dale Jacquette, Joseph Jedwab, Richard Jeffrey, David Alan Johnson, Edward Johnson, Mark D. Jordan, Richard Joyce, Hwa Yol Jung, Robert Hillary Kane, Tomis Kapitan, Jacquelyn Ann K. Kegley, James A. Keller, Ralph Kennedy, Sergei Khoruzhii, Jaegwon Kim, Yersu Kim, Nathan L. King, Patricia Kitcher, Peter D. Klein, E. D. Klemke, Virginia Klenk, George L. Kline, Christian Klotz, Simo Knuuttila, Joseph J. Kockelmans, Konstantin Kolenda, Sebastian Tomasz Kołodziejczyk, Isaac Kramnick, Richard Kraut, Fred Kroon, Manfred Kuehn, Steven T. Kuhn, Henry E. Kyburg, John Lachs, Jennifer Lackey, Stephen E. Lahey, Andrea Lavazza, Thomas H. Leahey, Joo Heung Lee, Keith Lehrer, Dorothy Leland, Noah M. Lemos, Ernest LePore, Sarah-Jane Leslie, Isaac Levi, Andrew Levine, Alan E. Lewis, Daniel E. Little, Shu-hsien Liu, Shu-hsien Liu, Alan K. L. Chan, Brian Loar, Lawrence B. Lombard, John Longeway, Dominic McIver Lopes, Michael J. Loux, E. J. Lowe, Steven Luper, Eugene C. Luschei, William G. Lycan, David Lyons, David Macarthur, Danielle Macbeth, Scott MacDonald, Jacob L. Mackey, Louis H. Mackey, Penelope Mackie, Edward H. Madden, Penelope Maddy, G. B. Madison, Bernd Magnus, Pekka Mäkelä, Rudolf A. Makkreel, David Manley, William E. Mann (W.E.M.), Vladimir Marchenkov, Peter Markie, Jean-Pierre Marquis, Ausonio Marras, Mike W. Martin, A. P. Martinich, William L. McBride, David McCabe, Storrs McCall, Hugh J. McCann, Robert N. McCauley, John J. McDermott, Sarah McGrath, Ralph McInerny, Daniel J. McKaughan, Thomas McKay, Michael McKinsey, Brian P. McLaughlin, Ernan McMullin, Anthonie Meijers, Jack W. Meiland, William Jason Melanson, Alfred R. Mele, Joseph R. Mendola, Christopher Menzel, Michael J. Meyer, Christian B. Miller, David W. Miller, Peter Millican, Robert N. Minor, Phillip Mitsis, James A. Montmarquet, Michael S. Moore, Tim Moore, Benjamin Morison, Donald R. Morrison, Stephen J. Morse, Paul K. Moser, Alexander P. D. Mourelatos, Ian Mueller, James Bernard Murphy, Mark C. Murphy, Steven Nadler, Jan Narveson, Alan Nelson, Jerome Neu, Samuel Newlands, Kai Nielsen, Ilkka Niiniluoto, Carlos G. Noreña, Calvin G. Normore, David Fate Norton, Nikolaj Nottelmann, Donald Nute, David S. Oderberg, Steve Odin, Michael O’Rourke, Willard G. Oxtoby, Heinz Paetzold, George S. Pappas, Anthony J. Parel, Lydia Patton, R. P. Peerenboom, Francis Jeffry Pelletier, Adriaan T. Peperzak, Derk Pereboom, Jaroslav Peregrin, Glen Pettigrove, Philip Pettit, Edmund L. Pincoffs, Andrew Pinsent, Robert B. Pippin, Alvin Plantinga, Louis P. Pojman, Richard H. Popkin, John F. Post, Carl J. Posy, William J. Prior, Richard Purtill, Michael Quante, Philip L. Quinn, Philip L. Quinn, Elizabeth S. Radcliffe, Diana Raffman, Gerard Raulet, Stephen L. Read, Andrews Reath, Andrew Reisner, Nicholas Rescher, Henry S. Richardson, Robert C. Richardson, Thomas Ricketts, Wayne D. Riggs, Mark Roberts, Robert C. Roberts, Luke Robinson, Alexander Rosenberg, Gary Rosenkranz, Bernice Glatzer Rosenthal, Adina L. Roskies, William L. Rowe, T. M. Rudavsky, Michael Ruse, Bruce Russell, Lilly-Marlene Russow, Dan Ryder, R. M. Sainsbury, Joseph Salerno, Nathan Salmon, Wesley C. Salmon, Constantine Sandis, David H. Sanford, Marco Santambrogio, David Sapire, Ruth A. Saunders, Geoffrey Sayre-McCord, Charles Sayward, James P. Scanlan, Richard Schacht, Tamar Schapiro, Frederick F. Schmitt, Jerome B. Schneewind, Calvin O. Schrag, Alan D. Schrift, George F. Schumm, Jean-Loup Seban, David N. Sedley, Kenneth Seeskin, Krister Segerberg, Charlene Haddock Seigfried, Dennis M. Senchuk, James F. Sennett, William Lad Sessions, Stewart Shapiro, Tommie Shelby, Donald W. Sherburne, Christopher Shields, Roger A. Shiner, Sydney Shoemaker, Robert K. Shope, Kwong-loi Shun, Wilfried Sieg, A. John Simmons, Robert L. Simon, Marcus G. Singer, Georgette Sinkler, Walter Sinnott-Armstrong, Matti T. Sintonen, Lawrence Sklar, Brian Skyrms, Robert C. Sleigh, Michael Anthony Slote, Hans Sluga, Barry Smith, Michael Smith, Robin Smith, Robert Sokolowski, Robert C. Solomon, Marta Soniewicka, Philip Soper, Ernest Sosa, Nicholas Southwood, Paul Vincent Spade, T. L. S. Sprigge, Eric O. Springsted, George J. Stack, Rebecca Stangl, Jason Stanley, Florian Steinberger, Sören Stenlund, Christopher Stephens, James P. Sterba, Josef Stern, Matthias Steup, M. A. Stewart, Leopold Stubenberg, Edith Dudley Sulla, Frederick Suppe, Jere Paul Surber, David George Sussman, Sigrún Svavarsdóttir, Zeno G. Swijtink, Richard Swinburne, Charles C. Taliaferro, Robert B. Talisse, John Tasioulas, Paul Teller, Larry S. Temkin, Mark Textor, H. S. Thayer, Peter Thielke, Alan Thomas, Amie L. Thomasson, Katherine Thomson-Jones, Joshua C. Thurow, Vzalerie Tiberius, Terrence N. Tice, Paul Tidman, Mark C. Timmons, William Tolhurst, James E. Tomberlin, Rosemarie Tong, Lawrence Torcello, Kelly Trogdon, J. D. Trout, Robert E. Tully, Raimo Tuomela, John Turri, Martin M. Tweedale, Thomas Uebel, Jennifer Uleman, James Van Cleve, Harry van der Linden, Peter van Inwagen, Bryan W. Van Norden, René van Woudenberg, Donald Phillip Verene, Samantha Vice, Thomas Vinci, Donald Wayne Viney, Barbara Von Eckardt, Peter B. M. Vranas, Steven J. Wagner, William J. Wainwright, Paul E. Walker, Robert E. Wall, Craig Walton, Douglas Walton, Eric Watkins, Richard A. Watson, Michael V. Wedin, Rudolph H. Weingartner, Paul Weirich, Paul J. Weithman, Carl Wellman, Howard Wettstein, Samuel C. Wheeler, Stephen A. White, Jennifer Whiting, Edward R. Wierenga, Michael Williams, Fred Wilson, W. Kent Wilson, Kenneth P. Winkler, John F. Wippel, Jan Woleński, Allan B. Wolter, Nicholas P. Wolterstorff, Rega Wood, W. Jay Wood, Paul Woodruff, Alison Wylie, Gideon Yaffe, Takashi Yagisawa, Yutaka Yamamoto, Keith E. Yandell, Xiaomei Yang, Dean Zimmerman, Günter Zoller, Catherine Zuckert, Michael Zuckert, Jack A. Zupko (J.A.Z.)
- Edited by Robert Audi, University of Notre Dame, Indiana
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- The Cambridge Dictionary of Philosophy
- Published online:
- 05 August 2015
- Print publication:
- 27 April 2015, pp ix-xxx
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Exome Sequencing to Detect Rare Variants Associated With General Cognitive Ability: A Pilot Study
- Michelle Luciano, Victoria Svinti, Archie Campbell, Riccardo E. Marioni, Caroline Hayward, Alan F. Wright, Martin S. Taylor, David J. Porteous, Pippa Thomson, James G.D. Prendergast, Nicholas D. Hastie, Susan M. Farrington, Generation Scotland, Malcolm G. Dunlop, Ian J. Deary
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- Journal:
- Twin Research and Human Genetics / Volume 18 / Issue 2 / April 2015
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 06 March 2015, pp. 117-125
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Variation in human cognitive ability is of consequence to a large number of health and social outcomes and is substantially heritable. Genetic linkage, genome-wide association, and copy number variant studies have investigated the contribution of genetic variation to individual differences in normal cognitive ability, but little research has considered the role of rare genetic variants. Exome sequencing studies have already met with success in discovering novel trait-gene associations for other complex traits. Here, we use exome sequencing to investigate the effects of rare variants on general cognitive ability. Unrelated Scottish individuals were selected for high scores on a general component of intelligence (g). The frequency of rare genetic variants (in n = 146) was compared with those from Scottish controls (total n = 486) who scored in the lower to middle range of the g distribution or on a proxy measure of g. Biological pathway analysis highlighted enrichment of the mitochondrial inner membrane component and apical part of cell gene ontology terms. Global burden analysis showed a greater total number of rare variants carried by high g cases versus controls, which is inconsistent with a mutation load hypothesis whereby mutations negatively affect g. The general finding of greater non-synonymous (vs. synonymous) variant effects is in line with evolutionary hypotheses for g. Given that this first sequencing study of high g was small, promising results were found, suggesting that the study of rare variants in larger samples would be worthwhile.
Contributors
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- By A. L. Allcock, M. V. Angel, G. A. Boxshall, S. Bridgewater, S. J. Brooks, S. J. Chambers, B. Collen, J. B. Connor, D. V. P. Conway, J. Dick, S. Fielding, A. G. Gutierrez, M. Hall, D. J. Harris, L. C. Hastie, C. L. Häuser, S. J. Hay, D. Hopkins, R. Hyam, A. Ingvarsdottir, A. W. G. John, S. L. Jury, D. W. Kirkup, S. Knapp, S. G. Knees, C. H. C. Lyal, P. Malcolm, A. G. Miller, S. E. Miller, S. P. Milligan, A. Minelli, D. W. Minter, J.-M. Moutsamboté, A. L. Mulford, A. Paton, C. A. Pendry, G. J. Pierce, M. R. Pullan, J. Rasmussen, K. Riede, M. Shaw, R. Smith, V. S. Smith, R. Wadsworth, M. F. Watson, A. L. Weitzman, M. Wootton, A. H. Wortley
- Edited by Mark F. Watson, Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, Chris H. C. Lyal, Natural History Museum, London, Colin A. Pendry, Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh
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- Descriptive Taxonomy
- Published online:
- 18 December 2014
- Print publication:
- 08 January 2015, pp ix-x
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- By Lenard A. Adler, Pinky Agarwal, Rehan Ahmed, Jagga Rao Alluri, Fawaz Al-Mufti, Samuel Alperin, Michael Amoashiy, Michael Andary, David J. Anschel, Padmaja Aradhya, Vandana Aspen, Esther Baldinger, Jee Bang, George D. Baquis, John J. Barry, Jason J. S. Barton, Julius Bazan, Amanda R. Bedford, Marlene Behrmann, Lourdes Bello-Espinosa, Ajay Berdia, Alan R. Berger, Mark Beyer, Don C. Bienfang, Kevin M. Biglan, Thomas M. Boes, Paul W. Brazis, Jonathan L. Brisman, Jeffrey A. Brown, Scott E. Brown, Ryan R. Byrne, Rina Caprarella, Casey A. Chamberlain, Wan-Tsu W. Chang, Grace M. Charles, Jasvinder Chawla, David Clark, Todd J. Cohen, Joe Colombo, Howard Crystal, Vladimir Dadashev, Sarita B. Dave, Jean Robert Desrouleaux, Richard L. Doty, Robert Duarte, Jeffrey S. Durmer, Christyn M. Edmundson, Eric R. Eggenberger, Steven Ender, Noam Epstein, Alberto J. Espay, Alan B. Ettinger, Niloofar (Nelly) Faghani, Amtul Farheen, Edward Firouztale, Rod Foroozan, Anne L. Foundas, David Elliot Friedman, Deborah I. Friedman, Steven J. Frucht, Oded Gerber, Tal Gilboa, Martin Gizzi, Teneille G. Gofton, Louis J. Goodrich, Malcolm H. Gottesman, Varda Gross-Tsur, Deepak Grover, David A. Gudis, John J. Halperin, Maxim D. Hammer, Andrew R. Harrison, L. Anne Hayman, Galen V. Henderson, Steven Herskovitz, Caitlin Hoffman, Laryssa A. Huryn, Andres M. Kanner, Gary P. Kaplan, Bashar Katirji, Kenneth R. Kaufman, Annie Killoran, Nina Kirz, Gad E. Klein, Danielle G. Koby, Christopher P. Kogut, W. Curt LaFrance, Patrick J.M. Lavin, Susan W. Law, James L. Levenson, Richard B. Lipton, Glenn Lopate, Daniel J. Luciano, Reema Maindiratta, Robert M. Mallery, Georgios Manousakis, Alan Mazurek, Luis J. Mejico, Dragana Micic, Ali Mokhtarzadeh, Walter J. Molofsky, Heather E. Moss, Mark L. Moster, Manpreet Multani, Siddhartha Nadkarni, George C. Newman, Rolla Nuoman, Paul A. Nyquist, Gaia Donata Oggioni, Odi Oguh, Denis Ostrovskiy, Kristina Y. Pao, Juwen Park, Anastas F. Pass, Victoria S. Pelak, Jeffrey Peterson, John Pile-Spellman, Misha L. Pless, Gregory M. Pontone, Aparna M. Prabhu, Michael T. Pulley, Philip Ragone, Prajwal Rajappa, Venkat Ramani, Sindhu Ramchandren, Ritesh A. Ramdhani, Ramses Ribot, Heidi D. Riney, Diana Rojas-Soto, Michael Ronthal, Daniel M. Rosenbaum, David B. Rosenfield, Durga Roy, Michael J. Ruckenstein, Max C. Rudansky, Eva Sahay, Friedhelm Sandbrink, Jade S. Schiffman, Angela Scicutella, Maroun T. Semaan, Robert C. Sergott, Aashit K. Shah, David M. Shaw, Amit M. Shelat, Claire A. Sheldon, Anant M. Shenoy, Yelizaveta Sher, Jessica A. Shields, Tanya Simuni, Rajpaul Singh, Eric E. Smouha, David Solomon, Mehri Songhorian, Steven A. Sparr, Egilius L. H. Spierings, Eve G. Spratt, Beth Stein, S.H. Subramony, Rosa Ana Tang, Cara Tannenbaum, Hakan Tekeli, Amanda J. Thompson, Michael J. Thorpy, Matthew J. Thurtell, Pedro J. Torrico, Ira M. Turner, Scott Uretsky, Ruth H. Walker, Deborah M. Weisbrot, Michael A. Williams, Jacques Winter, Randall J. Wright, Jay Elliot Yasen, Shicong Ye, G. Bryan Young, Huiying Yu, Ryan J. Zehnder
- Edited by Alan B. Ettinger, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, Deborah M. Weisbrot, State University of New York, Stony Brook
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- Book:
- Neurologic Differential Diagnosis
- Published online:
- 05 June 2014
- Print publication:
- 17 April 2014, pp xi-xx
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Base Band Data for Testing Interference Mitigation Algorithms
- Jon F. Bell, Peter J. Hall, Warwick E. Wilson, Robert J. Sault, Rick J. Smegal, Malcolm R. Smith, Willem van Straten, Michael J. Kesteven, Richard H. Ferris, Frank H. Briggs, Graham J. Carrad, Malcom W. Sinclair, Russell G. Gough, John M. Sarkissian, John D. Bunton, Matthew Bailes
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- Journal:
- Publications of the Astronomical Society of Australia / Volume 18 / Issue 1 / 2001
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 05 March 2013, pp. 105-113
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Digital signal processing is one of many valuable tools for suppressing unwanted signals or inter-ference. Building hardware processing engines seems to be the way to best implement some classes of interference suppression but is, unfortunately, expensive and time-consuming, especially if several miti-gation techniques need to be compared. Simulations can be useful, but are not a substitute for real data. CSIRO’s Australia Telescope National Facility has recently commenced a ‘software radio telescope’ project designed to fill the gap between dedicated hardware processors and pure simulation. In this approach, real telescope data are recorded coherently, then processed offline. This paper summarises the current contents of a freely available database of base band recorded data that can be used to experiment with signal processing solutions. It includes data from the following systems: single dish, multi-feed receiver; single dish with reference antenna; and an array of six 22 m antennas with and without a reference antenna. Astronomical sources such as OH masers, pulsars and continuum sources subject to interfering signals were recorded. The interfering signals include signals from the US Global Positioning System (GPS) and its Russian equivalent (GLONASS), television, microwave links, a low-Earth-orbit satellite, various other transmitters, and signals leaking from local telescope systems with fast clocks. The data are available on compact disk, allowing use in general purpose computers or as input to laboratory hardware prototypes.
Contributors
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- By Federico Agliardi, Andrea Alpiger, Gianluca Bianchi Fasani, Lars Harald Blikra, Brian D. Bornhold, Edward N. Bromhead, Marko H.K. Bulmer, D. Calvin Campbell, Marie Charrière, Masahiro Chigira, John J. Clague, John Coggan, Giovanni B. Crosta, Tim Davies, Marc-Henri Derron, Mark Diederichs, Erik Eberhardt, Carlo Esposito, Robin Fell, Paolo Frattini, Corey R. Froese, Monica Ghirotti, Valentin Gischig, James S. Griffiths, Stephen R. Hencher, Reginald L. Hermanns, Kris Holm, Seyyedmahdi Hosseyni, Niels Hovius, Christian Huggel, Florian Humair, Oldrich Hungr, D. Jean Hutchinson, Michel Jaboyedoff, Matthias Jakob, Julien Jakubowski, Randall W. Jibson, Katherine S. Kalenchuk, Nikolay Khabarov, Oliver Korup, Luca Lenti, Serge Leroueil, Simon Loew, Oddvar Longva, Patrick MacGregor, Andrew W. Malone, Salvatore Martino, Scott McDougall, Mika McKinnon, Mauri McSaveney, Patrick Meunier, Dennis Moore, Jeffrey R. Moore, David C. Mosher, Michael Obersteiner, Lucio Olivares, Thierry Oppikofer, Luca Pagano, Massimo Pecci, Andrea Pedrazzini, David Petley, Luciano Picarelli, David J.W. Piper, John Psutka, Nicholas J. Roberts, Gabriele Scarascia Mugnozza, David Stapledon, Douglas Stead, Richard E. Thomson, Paolo Tommasi, J. Kenneth Torrance, Nobuyuki Torii, Gianfranco Urciuoli, Gonghui Wang, Christopher F. Waythomas, Malcolm Whitworth, Heike Willenberg, Xiyong Wu
- Edited by John J. Clague, Simon Fraser University, British Columbia, Douglas Stead, Simon Fraser University, British Columbia
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- Book:
- Landslides
- Published online:
- 05 May 2013
- Print publication:
- 23 August 2012, pp vii-x
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INSECTS AND MITES ASSOCIATED WITH WESTERN WHITE PINE BLISTER RUST CANKERS IN IDAHO
- Malcolm M. Furniss, R. D. Hungerford, E. F. Wicker
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- Journal:
- The Canadian Entomologist / Volume 104 / Issue 11 / November 1972
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 31 May 2012, pp. 1713-1715
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Insects present in western white pine blister rust cankers in northern Idaho were: two weevils, Cylindrocopturus n. sp. and Pissodes sp. near swartzi Hopk.; two bark beetles, Pityophthorus sp. near nitidulus (Mann.), and Procryphalus ? sp.; a drosophilid fly, Paracacoxenus guttatus Hardy and Wheeler; and a phycitid moth, Dioryctria abietivorella (Grote). Mites associated with insect infestation were: Lasioseius ? n. sp., Ameroseius longitrichus Hirschmann, and Histiogaster arborsignis Woodring.
Assessment of the effectiveness of South Africa's marine protected areas at representing ichthyofaunal communities
- SOFÍA SOLANO-FERNÁNDEZ, COLIN G. ATTWOOD, RUSSELL CHALMERS, BARRY M. CLARK, PAUL D. COWLEY, TRACEY FAIRWEATHER, SEAN T. FENNESSY, ALBRECHT GÖTZ, TREVOR D. HARRISON, SVEN E. KERWATH, STEPHEN J. LAMBERTH, BRUCE Q. MANN, MALCOLM J. SMALE, LIEZE SWART
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- Journal:
- Environmental Conservation / Volume 39 / Issue 3 / September 2012
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 16 April 2012, pp. 259-270
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National and international policies have encouraged the establishment of a representative network of marine protected areas (MPAs) in South Africa, with the aim of protecting marine biodiversity. The extent to which these marine and estuarine protected areas (EPAs) represent marine fish species and communities was assessed by comparing their species compositions with those of exploited areas, as sampled using four fishing techniques. Seven hundred fish species were sampled, representing one-third of South Africa's marine fishes. MPAs in coastal habitats scored c. 40% on the Bray-Curtis measure of similarity for species representativeness, but this score declined markedly for offshore ‘trawlable’ fishing grounds. The combined effects of sampling error, temporal variation and the effects of fishing on relative abundance suggest that 80% similarity would be the maximum achieveable. Forty-nine per cent of all fish species that were recorded were found in the 14 MPAs sampled. Redundancy in the MPA network was low, with fish species most commonly being represented in only one MPA or absent. There was greater redundancy in the 33 EPAs, with 40% of species being found in two or more EPAs, but many of these estuaries were adjacent to each other and embedded in large MPAs. Deep water fish communities (>80 m deep) and communities located on the west and south-east coasts of South Africa were most poorly represented by MPAs. Routine fishery surveys provide a robust and repeatable opportunity to assess species representativeness in MPAs, and the method used could form the basis of an operational definition of ‘representative’. In contrast to an assessment based on presence-absence data, this analysis of quantitative data presents a more pessimistic assessment of protection.
Contributors
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- By Osvaldo P. Almeida, Rebecca Anglin, Vivek Benegal, Margaret N. Berry, Nash N. Boutros, Henry Brodaty, Alan S. Brown, Monte S. Buchsbaum, William Burke, Kim Burns, Stanley V. Catts, Vibeke S. Catts, Jennifer M. Connolly, David L. Copolov, Louisa Degenhardt, Stewart L. Einfeld, Anthony Feinstein, Matt P. Galloway, Bangalore N. Gangadhar, Wayne Hall, Malcolm Hopwood, Michael D. Jibson, Ripu D. Jindal, David J. Kavanagh, Sophie Kavanagh, Matcheri S. Keshavan, Ennapadam S. Krishnamoorthy, Rajeev Kumar, Alexander F. Kurz, Nicola T. Lautenschlager, Edward C. Lauterbach, Leslie Lester-Burns, Lyn-May Lim, Jeffrey C. L. Looi, Michael Mazurek, Serge A. Mitelman, Ramon Mocellin, Bryan Mowry, Kim T. Mueser, Anand K. Pandurangi, Eric M. Pihlgren, Seethalakshmi Ramanathan, Patricia I. Rosebush, Perminder S. Sachdev, Richard D. Sanders, Vandana Shashi, Arabella Smith, Sergio E. Starkstein, Ezra S. Susser, Rajiv Tandon, Jagadisha Thirthalli, Bruce J. Tonge, Julian Trollor, Dennis Velakoulis, Mark Walterfang, Jane Zhang
- Edited by Perminder S. Sachdev, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Matcheri S. Keshavan
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- Book:
- Secondary Schizophrenia
- Published online:
- 05 August 2011
- Print publication:
- 04 February 2010, pp vii-xii
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Contributors
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- By Sonia Ancoli-Israel, Ragnar Asplund, Michel Billiard, Theresa M. Buckley, Rohit Budhiraja, Robert N. Butler, Daniel J. Buysse, Scott S. Campbell, Daniel P. Cardinali, Julie Carrier, Cynthia L. Comella, Jana R. Cooke, Pietro Cortelli, Agnès Demazieres, Glenna A. Dowling, Luigi Ferini-Strambi, Philip R. Gehrman, Nalaka Sudheera Gooneratne, David S. Hallegua, Patrick J. Hanly, David G. Harper, Orla P. Hornung, Magdolna Hornyak, Michal Karasek, Milton Kramer, Andrew D. Krystal, Malcolm H. Lader, Rachel Leproult, Kenneth L. Lichstein, Andrea H.S. Loewen, Rémy Luthringer, Laurin J. Mack, Evelyn Mai, Atul Malhotra, Jennifer L. Martin, Judy Mastick, Monique A.J. Mets, Andrew A. Monjan, Timothy H. Monk, Daniel Monti, Jaime M. Monti, Patricia J. Murphy, C. Ineke Neutel, Eric A. Nofzinger, Seithikurippu R. Pandi-Perumal, Scott B. Patton, Donald B. Penzien, Max H. Pittler, Giora Pillar, Marc J. Poulin, Louis J. Ptácek, Stuart F. Quan, Jeanetta C. Rains, Megan E. Ruiter, Bruce D. Rybarczyk, Colin M. Shapiro, Vijay Kumar Sharma, D. Warren Spence, Kai Spiegelhalder, Luc Staner, Stephanie A. Studenski, Nikola N. Trajanovic, Eve Van Cauter, Gregory S. Vander Wal, Joris C. Verster, Aleksandar Videnovic, Matthew P. Walker, Daniel J. Wallace, David K. Welsh, David P. White, Barbara Wider, Theresa B. Young, Stefano Zanigni
- Edited by S. R. Pandi-Perumal, Jaime M. Monti, Universidad de la República, Uruguay, Andrew A. Monjan, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, Maryland
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- Book:
- Principles and Practice of Geriatric Sleep Medicine
- Published online:
- 04 August 2010
- Print publication:
- 26 November 2009, pp ix-xii
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Contributors
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- By Claude Alain, Amy F. T. Arnsten, Lars Bäckman, Malcolm A. Binns, Sandra E. Black, S. Thomas Carmichael, Keith D. Cicerone, Maurizio Corbetta, Bruce Crosson, Jeffrey L. Cummings, Deirdre R. Dawson, Michael deRiesthal, Roger A. Dixon, Laura Eggermont, Kirk I. Erickson, Anthony Feinstein, Susan M. Fitzpatrick, Fu Qiang Gao, Douglas D. Garrett, Omar Ghaffar, Robbin Gibb, Elizabeth L. Glisky, Martha L. Glisky, Leslie J. Gonzalez Rothi, Cheryl L. Grady, Carol Greenwood, Gerri Hanten, Richard G. Hunter, Masud Husain, Narinder Kapur, Bryan Kolb, Arthur F. Kramer, Susan A. Leon, Harvey S. Levin, Brian Levine, Nadina Lincoln, Thomas W. McAllister, Edward McAuley, Bruce S. McEwen, David M. Morris, Stephen E. Nadeau, Roshan das Nair, Matthew Parrott, Jennie Ponsford, George P. Prigatano, Joel Ramirez, John M. Ringman, Ian H. Robertson, Amy D. Rodriguez, John C. Rosenbek, Bernhard Ross, Erik Scherder, Victoria Singh-Curry, Trudi Stickland, Donald T. Stuss, Edward Taub, Gary R. Turner, Harry V. Vinters, Samuel Weiss, John Whyte, Barbara A. Wilson, Gordon Winocur, J. Martin Wojtowicz
- Edited by Donald T. Stuss, University of Toronto, Gordon Winocur, University of Toronto, Ian H. Robertson, Trinity College, Dublin
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- Book:
- Cognitive Neurorehabilitation
- Published online:
- 05 September 2015
- Print publication:
- 11 September 2008, pp ix-xiv
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Watson Brake, a Middle Archaic Mound Complex in Northeast Louisiana
- Joe W. Saunders, Rolfe D. Mandel, C. Garth Sampson, Charles M. Allen, E. Thurman Allen, Daniel A. Bush, James K. Feathers, Kristen J. Gremillion, C. T. Hallmark, H. Edwin Jackson, Jay K. Johnson, Reca Jones, Roger T. Saucier, Gary L. Stringer, Malcolm F. Vidrine
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- Journal:
- American Antiquity / Volume 70 / Issue 4 / October 2005
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 20 January 2017, pp. 631-668
- Print publication:
- October 2005
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Middle Archaic earthen mound complexes in the lower Mississippi valley are remote antecedents of the famous but much younger Poverty Point earthworks. Watson Brake is the largest and most complex of these early mound sites. Very extensive coring and stratigraphic studies, aided by 25 radiocarbon dates and six luminescence dates, show that minor earthworks were begun here at ca. 3500 B.C. in association with an oval arrangement of burned rock middens at the edge of a stream terrace. The full extent of the first earthworks is not yet known. Substantial moundraising began ca. 3350 B.C. and continued in stages until some time after 3000 B.C. when the site was abandoned. All 11 mounds and their connecting ridges were occupied between building bursts. Soils formed on some of these temporary surfaces, while lithics, fire-cracked rock, and fired clay/loam objects became scattered throughout the mound fills. Faunal and floral remains from a basal midden indicate all-season occupation, supported by broad-spectrum foraging centered on nuts, fish, and deer. All the overlying fills are so acidic that organics have not survived. The area enclosed by the mounds was kept clean of debris, suggesting its use as ritual space. The reasons why such elaborate activities first occurred here remain elusive. However, some building bursts covary with very well-documented increases in El Niño/Southern Oscillation events. During such rapid increases in ENSO frequencies, rainfall becomes extremely erratic and unpredictable. It may be that early moundraising was a communal response to new stresses of droughts and flooding that created a suddenly more unpredictable food base.
Epidemiological features of a newly described serotype of Shigella boydii
- P. KALLURI, K. C. CUMMINGS, S. ABBOTT, G. B. MALCOLM, K. HUTCHESON, A. BEALL, K. JOYCE, C. POLYAK, D. WOODWARD, R. CALDEIRA, F. RODGERS, E. D. MINTZ, N. STROCKBINE
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- Journal:
- Epidemiology & Infection / Volume 132 / Issue 4 / August 2004
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 09 July 2004, pp. 579-583
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We report the clinical, microbiological, and epidemiological features of an emerging serotype, Shigella boydii 20. We interviewed patients about symptoms, and history of travel and visitors during the week before illness onset. Seventy-five per cent of the 56 patients were Hispanic. During the week before illness onset, 18 (32%) travelled abroad; 17 (94%) had visited Mexico. Eight (21%) out of 38 who had not travelled had foreign visitors. There were eight closely related patterns by PFGE with XbaI. S. boydii 20 may be related to travel to Mexico and Hispanic ethnicity. Prompt epidemiological investigation of clusters of S. boydii 20 infection may help identify specific vehicles and risk factors for infection.
Melanopsin and non-melanopsin expressing retinal ganglion cells innervate the hypothalamic suprachiasmatic nucleus
- PATRICIA J. SOLLARS, CYNTHIA A. SMERASKI, JESSICA D. KAUFMAN, MALCOLM D. OGILVIE, IGNACIO PROVENCIO, GARY E. PICKARD
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- Journal:
- Visual Neuroscience / Volume 20 / Issue 6 / November 2003
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 30 March 2004, pp. 601-610
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Retinal input to the hypothalamic suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) synchronizes the SCN circadian oscillator to the external day/night cycle. Retinal ganglion cells that innervate the SCN via the retinohypothalamic tract are intrinsically light sensitive and express melanopsin. In this study, we provide data indicating that not all SCN-projecting retinal ganglion cells express melanopsin. To determine the proportion of ganglion cells afferent to the SCN that express melanopsin, ganglion cells were labeled following transsynaptic retrograde transport of a recombinant of the Bartha strain of pseudorabies virus (PRV152) constructed to express the enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP). PRV152 injected into the anterior chamber of the eye retrogradely infects four retinorecipient nuclei in the brain via autonomic circuits to the eye, resulting in transneuronally labeled ganglion cells in the contralateral retina 96 h after intraocular infection. In animals with large bilateral lesions of the lateral geniculate body/optic tract, ganglion cells labeled with PRV152 are retrogradely infected from only the SCN. In these animals, most PRV152-infected ganglion cells were immunoreactive for melanopsin. However, a significant percentage (10–20%) of EGFP-labeled ganglion cells did not express melanopsin. These data suggest that in addition to the intrinsically light-sensitive melanopsin-expressing ganglion cells, conventional ganglion cells also innervate the SCN. Thus, it appears that the rod/cone system of photoreceptors may provide signals to the SCN circadian system independent of intrinsically light-sensitive melanopsin ganglion cells.
Roundtable: The Progress of Heterodox Economics
- A. W. Bob Coats, Roger E. Backhouse, Sheila C. Dow, Daniel R. Fusfeld, Craufurd D. Goodwin, Malcolm Rutherford
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- Journal:
- Journal of the History of Economic Thought / Volume 22 / Issue 2 / June 2000
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 11 June 2009, pp. 145-148
- Print publication:
- June 2000
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The central theme of this session is the changing relationship between “orthodox” (i.e., mainstream, neoclassical) and “heterodox” economics, especially in the USA, during the past two or three decades. Economics is such a large and heterogeneous discipline that it cannot be characterized both briefly and accurately. Alongside the growth of formalization and mathematization, and the high degree of uniformity in the undergraduate and graduate curricula and in the leading textbooks, there are also within the subject a number of dissenting or deviant doctrinal schools, rival methodological approaches, and innovative developments designed to remedy its defects and/or overcome its limitations. Moreover, many of the outspoken criticisms of the status quo, proposed remedies, and innovations, originate with or are endorsed by prominent economists with impeccable professional credentials. Indeed, in some cases their contributions threaten the discipline's foundations and can, therefore, be considered a species of “orthodox subversion.”
Sheet and Tube Organosilicon Polymers
- D. E. Katsoulist, T. C.-S. Chaot, E. A. McQuistont, Chenggang Chen, Malcolm E. Kenney, B. Claflin, G. Lucovsky, B. Claflin, G. Lucovsky
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- Journal:
- MRS Online Proceedings Library Archive / Volume 519 / 1998
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 10 February 2011, 321
- Print publication:
- 1998
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Reaction of chlorosilanes with sheet silicates, such as the naturally occurring apophyllite, [Ca4Si8O2O(F, OH).8H2O] results in the formation of sheet organofunctional siloxane polymers. Similarly, reaction of chlorosilanes with the tube silicate K2CuSi4O10results in the formation of tube organofunctional siloxane polymers. Representative polymers have been characterized by XRD, KR, XPS and solid state 29Si NMR. The interlayer spacing of the sheet polymers varies with the type of the group pendent on the sheet. When the organofunctional pendent groups of the sheet polymers contain reactive sites, further reactivity can be demonstrated with heterogeneous reactions such as hydrosilation. The sheet polymers behave as very effective thickeners of siloxane fluids. Dispersions of them in siloxane fluids exhibit thixotropic properties. The organosilicon polymers have the potential to show useful chemical, thermal, rheological and mechanical properties