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1389 results

Page 1 of 70

The International Tax Revolution
  • Reuven S. Avi-Yonah, Christine Kim
  • Coming soon
  • Expected online publication date:
    July 2025
    Print publication:
    31 July 2025
  • The International Tax Revolution offers the first comprehensive analysis of the profound changes in international taxation over the past decade, culminating in the landmark October 2021 agreement by over 140 countries to implement a global corporate minimum tax and modify profit allocation and nexus rules for the digital economy. The book provides a historical narrative of how the original International Tax Regime (ITR) crumbled under the pressures of globalization and tax competition between 1980 and 2008, and how the financial crisis of 2008-2010 and subsequent cuts to social welfare programs spurred governments to adopt new approaches to taxing multinational corporations. Chapters explore the impact of globalization and tax competition on countries' ability to provide a social safety net for their citizens, and outline how the world has come together to limit such competition, modify the outdated rules, and promote greater equity in the global tax system.

  • Determinants of Chinese Exporters' Online De-Internationalization

  • Ruey-Jer ‘Bryan' Jean, Daekwan Kim, S. Tamer Cavusgil, Chialin Chen
  • Journal:
    Management and Organization Review , First View
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    21 April 2025, pp. 1-21
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  • Given the growing trend of using digital platforms for exporters' internationalization, the management of exporters' online internationalization has become a critical issue. However, academic research in this area remains sparse. Specifically, little is known about when and under what conditions exporters may consider discontinuing the use of a digital platform for exporting, i.e., online de-internationalization. This study develops and tests a theoretical framework for these determinants and the contingencies for exporters' online de-internationalization. Specifically, drawing on the de-internationalization literature, we identify sets of internal and external antecedents of exporters' intention to discontinue the use of digital platforms for exporting. Furthermore, we examine the moderating effect of technological opportunism. Based on a unique sample of Chinese exporters registered on Alibaba.com, the world's largest business-to-business platform, the empirical findings support our proposed determinants of online de-internalization. This article ultimately discusses the theoretical and managerial implications.

  • Can we rely on artificial intelligence to guide antimicrobial therapy? A systematic literature review

  • Sulwan AlGain, Alexandre R. Marra, Takaaki Kobayashi, Pedro S. Marra, Patricia Deffune Celeghini, Mariana Kim Hsieh, Mohammed Abdu Shatari, Samiyah Althagafi, Maria Alayed, Jamila I Ranavaya, Nicole A. Boodhoo, Nicholas O. Meade, Daniel Fu, Mindy Marie Sampson, Guillermo Rodriguez-Nava, Alex N. Zimmet, David Ha, Mohammed Alsuhaibani, Boglarka S. Huddleston, Jorge L. Salinas
  • Journal:
    Antimicrobial Stewardship & Healthcare Epidemiology / Volume 5 / Issue 1 / 2025
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    31 March 2025, e90
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  • Background:

    Artificial intelligence (AI) has the potential to enhance clinical decision-making, including in infectious diseases. By improving antimicrobial resistance prediction and optimizing antibiotic prescriptions, these technologies may support treatment strategies and address critical gaps in healthcare. This study evaluates the effectiveness of AI in guiding appropriate antibiotic prescriptions for infectious diseases through a systematic literature review.

    Methods:

    We conducted a systematic review of studies evaluating AI (machine learning or large language models) used for guidance on prescribing appropriate antibiotics in infectious disease cases. Searches were performed in PubMed, CINAHL, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar for articles published up to October 25, 2024. Inclusion criteria focused on studies assessing the performance of AI in clinical practice, with outcomes related to antimicrobial management and decision-making.

    Results:

    Seventeen studies used machine learning as part of clinical decision support systems (CDSS). They improved prediction of antimicrobial resistance and optimized antimicrobial use. Six studies focused on large language models to guide antimicrobial therapy; they had higher prescribing error rates, patient safety risks, and needed precise prompts to ensure accurate responses.

    Conclusions:

    AI, particularly machine learning integrated into CDSS, holds promise in enhancing clinical decision-making and improving antimicrobial management. However, large language models currently lack the reliability required for complex clinical applications. The indispensable role of infectious disease specialists remains critical for ensuring accurate, personalized, and safe treatment strategies. Rigorous validation and regular updates are essential before the successful integration of AI into clinical practice.

Rethinking Colonial Legacies across Southeast Asia

Rethinking Colonial Legacies across Southeast Asia
  • Through the Lens of the Japanese Wartime Empire
  • Diana S. Kim
  • Published online:
    17 March 2025
    Print publication:
    17 April 2025
  • This Element explores the significance of the Japanese wartime empire's occupation of Southeast Asia during World War Two for understanding the region's colonial legacies. It conceptualizes the occupation as a critical juncture that mediated the survival of American and European colonial institutions, and comparatively describes how, between 1940 and 1945, a wide variety of formal institutions for governing territories and people operated under the Japanese, who selectively kept or changed the existing arrangements of their Western predecessors, while sometimes introducing new ones altogether. The Japanese occupation, as such, generated different processes for transmitting pre-1940 colonial institutions into postwar and independent Southeast Asia. Building on new histories of the occupation, this Element offers an analytical framework that helps social scientists specify the mechanisms through which the long-run consequences of colonial institutions obtain in the context of Southeast Asia, while grappling more generally with what constitutes a meaningful rupture to historical continuity.

  • Ambiguity attitudes for real-world sources: field evidence from a large sample of investors

  • Kanin Anantanasuwong, Roy Kouwenberg, Olivia S. Mitchell, Kim Peijnenburg
  • Journal:
    Experimental Economics / Volume 27 / Issue 3 / July 2024
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    14 March 2025, pp. 548-581
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  • Empirical studies of ambiguity aversion mostly use artificial events such as Ellsberg urns to control for unknown probability beliefs. The present study measures ambiguity attitudes using real-world events in a large sample of investors. We elicit ambiguity aversion and perceived ambiguity for a familiar company stock, a local stock index, a foreign stock index, and Bitcoin. Measurement reliability is higher than for artificial sources in previous studies. Ambiguity aversion is highly correlated for different assets, while perceived ambiguity varies more between assets. Further, we show that ambiguity attitudes are related to actual investment choices.

Romanticism and the Poetics of Orientation
  • Joey S. Kim
  • Published by:
    Edinburgh University Press
    Published online:
    04 March 2025
    Print publication:
    30 September 2023
  • What happens when we redirect our lines of reading along new lines, borders, and orientations-those that fail to fit neatly into the cardinal directions of North, South, East, and West? What is, who stands for, and where exactly is the 'Orient' in British Romantic poetry? To where does the 'Orient' lead? Romanticism and the Poetics of Orientation responds by tracing shifting orientations-cultural, geographical, aesthetic, racial, and gendered- through Orientalist sites, subjects, and settings. Kim coins the term 'poetics of orientation' to describe a poetics newly aware of cultural difference as a site of aesthetic contestation. She focuses on the contestation that occurs at the site of the lyric subject. A 'poetics of orientation', rather than situating the lyric subject in assumed racial whiteness, repositions the lyric subject within discussions of Orientalism and racial formation, tracing the white supremacist logics that have for too long been dismissed as inessential or nonconsequential to Romantic studies.

Page 1 of 70