28 results
Properties of Hydroxy-Al and -Cr Interlayers in Montmorillonite
- W. E. Dubbin, Tee Boon Goh, D. W. Oscarson, F. C. Hawthorne
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- Journal:
- Clays and Clay Minerals / Volume 42 / Issue 3 / June 1994
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 28 February 2024, pp. 331-336
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In environments contaminated with Cr, the interlayers of expandable layer silicates may serve as sinks for this potentially toxic element. As a means of determining the potential for smectites to serve as sinks for Cr, the precipitation products of Al and Cr in the interlayers of a montmorillonite were examined. Five montmorillonite (SWy-1) clay suspensions were treated with preweighed amounts of AlCl3 and CrCl3 to give five Al/(Al + Cr) molar ratios (1.0, 0.67, 0.5, 0.33, 0) with a total trivalent cation (M3+) concentration of 600 cmol(+)/kg clay. The clay-cation suspensions were titrated with 0.1 N NaOH to give a NaOH/M3+ molar ratio of 2.5. Analysis of the solid-phase reaction products showed that the cation exchange capacity and specific surface of all clays were reduced. Chromium reduced the exchangeability of the interlayers while Al increased the thermal stability. X-ray diffraction analysis revealed that all Al-containing interlayer materials formed similar gibbsitelike polymers. Data from infrared spectroscopy indicated that both Al and Cr were present within the same polymer. Differential thermal analysis and thermogravimetric tracings showed that the rapid collapse of the interlayer in the Cr end-member upon heating was due to a low-temperature loss of hydroxyls. It was not possible to identify all interlayer structures in the Cr end-member. Data from X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy showed all Cr to be Cr(III). Displacement of the interlayer material became more difficult as Cr content increased. The least exchangeable interlayers, therefore, may be found in environments containing the most Cr.
Flocculation and Coagulation of Ca- and Mg-Saturated Montmorillonite in the Presence of a Neutral Polysaccharide
- L. G. Fuller, Tee Boon Goh, D. W. Oscarson, C. G. Biliaderis
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- Journal:
- Clays and Clay Minerals / Volume 43 / Issue 5 / October 1995
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 28 February 2024, pp. 533-539
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The objective of this study was to observe flocculation of montmorillonite in the presence of a glucose polymer (dextran) and to observe the effect of saturating cation and coagulant addition on the flocculation process. Flocculation of montmorillonite was dependent on polymer molecular weight, polymer/clay ratio (w/w), nature of exchangeable cation, and ionic strength of the suspension to which the polymer was added. The T500 dextran (molecular weight = 5 × 105) caused enhanced sedimentation of Ca-montmorillonite suspension at a polymer/clay ratio of ≤0.01. Increasing the polymer concentration above this level stabilized the suspension such that sedimentation was less than or equal to that of the control. The T2000 dextran (molecular weight = 2 × 106) caused a similar increase in the sedimentation of Ca-montmorillonite at polymer/clay ratios of <0.1. The ability of the T2000 polymer to cause flocculation at greater polymer/clay ratios as compared to the T500 polymer was attributed to the lower osmotic pressure between clay particles for equal concentrations of the two polymers. Flocculation of Ca-montmorillonite by dextran was enhanced when the clay had initially been coagulated by the addition of salt. Reduction of the diffuse double layer upon addition of salt permitted the polymer to extend beyond the electrostatic barrier of the clays. Dextran was not able to flocculate Mg-montmorillonite suspensions with or without the presence of coagulant. The displacement of water molecules at the clay surface rather than within the hydration shell of the more highly polarizing Mg cations by polymer segments resulted in a greater polymer collapse on the clay surface leaving fewer and shorter polymer loops and tails available for contacting adjacent clay particles.
P.110 The use of 5-Aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) in high-grade glioma surgery, a single Canadian center experience
- F Leblanc, L Boone, T Noble, J Burns, D Charest, A El Helou
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- Journal:
- Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences / Volume 50 / Issue s2 / June 2023
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 05 June 2023, p. S86
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Background: 5-Aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) is a prodrug used to selectively illuminate high-grade glioma (HGG) tissue intra-operatively, shown to nearly double complete resection rates in a 2006 multicentre, phase III clinical trial. Here, we review the history of the 2020 approval of 5-ALA in Canada and present some of the first preliminary results on resection rates, survival analysis, and adverse effects from a single Canadian center. Methods: We enrolled 76 patients (median age 61 years, 42 male) with suspected HGG amenable to surgical resection between June 2020 and January 2023. Gross total resection was defined by the absence of enhancing lesions on postoperative MRI. We compared the survival distributions of confirmed HGG cases with complete vs. incomplete resection using a log-rank test and Kaplan-Meier statistic. Results: 52 patients were confirmed as having a HGG based on a pathological diagnosis. In 32 of these patients (60.3%) a gross total resection was achieved. 82.76% were still alive at 180 and 270 days, and 72.73% at 360 days. 47.8% had a survival of 600 or more days. Conclusions: 5-ALA fluorescence-guided surgery resulted in high complete resection rates, and improved overall survival comparable to the literature with no notable adverse side effects.
4 - Five Decades of Modeling Supporting the Systems Ecology Paradigm
- Edited by Robert G. Woodmansee, Colorado State University, John C. Moore, Colorado State University, Dennis S. Ojima, Colorado State University, Laurie Richards, Colorado State University
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- Book:
- Natural Resource Management Reimagined
- Published online:
- 25 February 2021
- Print publication:
- 11 March 2021, pp 90-130
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Summary
Ecosystem modeling, a pillar of the systems ecology paradigm (SEP), addresses questions such as, how much carbon and nitrogen are cycled within ecological sites, landscapes, or indeed the earth system? Or how are human activities modifying these flows? Modeling, when coupled with field and laboratory studies, represents the essence of the SEP in that they embody accumulated knowledge and generate hypotheses to test understanding of ecosystem processes and behavior. Initially, ecosystem models were primarily used to improve our understanding about how biophysical aspects of ecosystems operate. However, current ecosystem models are widely used to make accurate predictions about how large-scale phenomena such as climate change and management practices impact ecosystem dynamics and assess potential effects of these changes on economic activity and policy making. In sum, ecosystem models embedded in the SEP remain our best mechanism to integrate diverse types of knowledge regarding how the earth system functions and to make quantitative predictions that can be confronted with observations of reality. Modeling efforts discussed are the Century ecosystem model, DayCent ecosystem model, Grassland Ecosystem Model ELM, food web models, Savanna model, agent-based and coupled systems modeling, and Bayesian modeling.
SCALA: Towards a physical calibration of CALSPEC standard stars based on a NIST-traceable reference for SNIFS
- D. Küsters, S. Lombardo, M. Kowalski, G. Aldering, K. Boone, Y. Copin, J. Nordin, D. Rubin
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- Journal:
- Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union / Volume 14 / Issue A30 / August 2018
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 03 March 2020, p. 494
- Print publication:
- August 2018
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SCALA is a physical calibration device for the SuperNova Integral Field Spectrograph (SNIFS), mounted to the University Hawaii 2.2m telescope on Mauna Kea. For type Ia supernova (SN Ia) cosmology programs, an improved fundamental calibration directly translates into improved cosmological constraints. The aim of SCALA is to perform a fundamental calibration of the CALSPEC (Bohlin 2014) standard stars, which are currently calibrated relative to white dwarf model atmospheres.
Molecular gas content in typical L* galaxies at z ∼ 1.5 − 3
- Miroslava Dessauges-Zavadsky, Michel Zamojski, Daniel Schaerer, Françoise Combes, Eiichi Egami, A. Mark Swinbank, Johan Richard, Panos Sklias, Tim D. Rawle, Jean-Paul Kneib, Frédéric Boone, Andrew Blain
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- Journal:
- Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union / Volume 10 / Issue S309 / July 2014
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 09 February 2015, pp. 285-286
- Print publication:
- July 2014
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To extend the molecular gas measurements to typical L* star-forming galaxies (SFGs) at z ∼ 1.5 − 3, we have observed CO emission for five strongly-lensed galaxies selected from the Herschel Lensing Survey. The combined sample of our L* SFGs with CO-detected SFGs at z >1 from the literature shows a large spread in star formation efficiency (SFE). We find that this spread in SFE is due to variations of several physical parameters, primarily the specific star formation rate, but also stellar mass and redshift. An increase of the molecular gas fraction (fgas) is observed from z ∼ 0.2 to z ∼ 1.2, followed by a quasi non-evolution toward higher redshifts, as found in earlier studies. We provide the first measure of fgas of z >1 SFGs at the low-stellar mass end between 109.4 < M∗/M⊙ < 109.9, which shows a clear fgas upturn.
Infection Prevention and Control Guidance for Ronald McDonald Houses: A Needs Assessment
- Judith A. Guzman-Cottrill, Kristina A. Bryant, Danielle M. Zerr, Alan A. Harris, Erin Rose Alexander, Zak Boone, Jane D. Siegel
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- Journal:
- Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology / Volume 33 / Issue 3 / March 2012
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 02 January 2015, pp. 299-301
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- March 2012
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We surveyed Ronald McDonald Houses (RMHs) to assess infection prevention and control (IPC) practices. A diverse patient population is served by RMH. Most sites have locally written IPC guidelines, and consultation resources vary, increasing the potential for inconsistent IPC practices. RMH would benefit from a standardized IPC guideline.
Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2012;33(3):299-301
Elastic anisotropy of Cu and its impact on stress management for 3D IC: Nanoindentation and TCAD simulation study
- Kong Boon Yeap, Ehrenfried Zschech, Ude D. Hangen, Thomas Wyrobek, Lay Wai Kong, Aditya Karmakar, Xiaopeng Xu, Iuliana Panchenko
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- Journal:
- Journal of Materials Research / Volume 27 / Issue 1 / 14 January 2012
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 21 October 2011, pp. 339-348
- Print publication:
- 14 January 2012
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This article presents a study on elastic anisotropy of Cu by indentations at different penetration depth ranges (sub-10 nm, several-10 nm, and several-100 nm), and the impact of elastic anisotropy on the stress in 3D stacked integrated circuits (3D ICs). The reduced modulus, ER, values determined at sub-10 nm indentations on Cu single crystals are very close to the unidirectional values. Similarly, cross-sectional sub-10 nm indentation tests on the Cu grains in a through-silicon via (TSV) show unidirectional ER values. In contrast, the Hill’s average values are observed at several-100 nm indentations. We propose that before lattice rotation happens within a volume beneath the indentation, elastic anisotropy can be strongly reflected in the ER value. When the experimentally measured Cu elastic anisotropy is used in a technology computer-aided design simulation of a Cu-filled TSV, significant impacts are observed on the stress field and the carrier mobility variation in an active Si region.
(A106) Nursing Simulation in Disaster Management
- D. Moore, K. Atchison, J. Boone
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- Journal:
- Prehospital and Disaster Medicine / Volume 26 / Issue S1 / May 2011
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 25 May 2011, pp. s29-s30
- Print publication:
- May 2011
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In the United States in 2010, there were 81 federal disasters, for this reason and at the request of our clinical partners, when West Coast University (WCU) started its Baccalaureate of Science in Nursing (BSN) program in 2008, it recognized the need to have a course in disaster management. The Disaster Management course was developed in concert with other parts of the curriculum such as Leadership, Physical Assessment, Critical Care courses to help students focus their assessment and intervention skills to prepare them to be future responders. As a component of the skill development, simulation exercises were developed in the simulation center within the college of nursing. To prepare students to respond to disasters, a variety of scenarios were developed to meet national patient safety goals and various types of disaster and emergency situations. In the scenarios students learn how to work as a team, follow the chain of command, assess and rapidly intervene to such medical crisis such as hemorrhaging, trauma, burns, cardiac arrest and respiratory arrest. They also learn how to delegate to the appropriate personnel as well as leadership skills. Students find this educational and reassuring to be able to practice these very high level sentinel events in a secure environment where they will get immediate feedback not only from instructors but from their peers. Preliminary research have identified students having significant improvement in their clinical skills from the first to the third exercise in regards to assessment, intervention, communication, and delegation. We have received feedback from our clinical partners that our students are better prepared than their current emergency staff in regards to disaster management and to that end we plan to work with our clinical partners to translate our class into an online course so their staff can be trained on disaster management.
(P1-61) Nursing Education for Disaster Management
- J. Boone, D. Moore
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- Journal:
- Prehospital and Disaster Medicine / Volume 26 / Issue S1 / May 2011
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 25 May 2011, p. s118
- Print publication:
- May 2011
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In Southern California in 2010, there were 76 declared disasters of which the majority were in Southern California, for this reason and at the request of our clinical partners, when West Coast University (WCU) started its nursing program in 2008, it recognized the need to have a course in disaster management. With nursing being the largest of the health professions, the American Association of Colleges of Nursing (AACN) recognized the need to incorporate disaster nursing in its new Baccalaureate Nursing standards. The Disaster Management course was developed in concert with other parts of the curriculum such as Leadership, Physical Assessment, Critical Care courses to help students focus their assessment and intervention skills to prepare them to be future responders. The disaster management course is delivered in both didactic and hands on format including online Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) modules, disaster drills, guest lecturers and field trips. Students are also introduced to many volunteer opportunities and are trained to be disaster ready once they are needed. Students are excited and ready to volunteer at various organizations before graduation such as the American Red Cross, the Medical Volunteer Program and the Disaster Medical Assistance Teams. Since WCU has new campuses, the students have been instrumental in implementing a new disaster plan for our facilities, including developing flyers, videos and conducting disaster drills. We have received feedback from our clinical partners that our students are better prepared than their current emergency staff in regards to disaster management and to that end we plan to work with our clinical partners to translate our class into an online course so their staff can be trained on disaster management.
Contributors
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- By Rose Teteki Abbey, K. C. Abraham, David Tuesday Adamo, LeRoy H. Aden, Efrain Agosto, Victor Aguilan, Gillian T. W. Ahlgren, Charanjit Kaur AjitSingh, Dorothy B E A Akoto, Giuseppe Alberigo, Daniel E. Albrecht, Ruth Albrecht, Daniel O. Aleshire, Urs Altermatt, Anand Amaladass, Michael Amaladoss, James N. Amanze, Lesley G. Anderson, Thomas C. Anderson, Victor Anderson, Hope S. Antone, María Pilar Aquino, Paula Arai, Victorio Araya Guillén, S. Wesley Ariarajah, Ellen T. Armour, Brett Gregory Armstrong, Atsuhiro Asano, Naim Stifan Ateek, Mahmoud Ayoub, John Alembillah Azumah, Mercedes L. García Bachmann, Irena Backus, J. Wayne Baker, Mieke Bal, Lewis V. Baldwin, William Barbieri, António Barbosa da Silva, David Basinger, Bolaji Olukemi Bateye, Oswald Bayer, Daniel H. Bays, Rosalie Beck, Nancy Elizabeth Bedford, Guy-Thomas Bedouelle, Chorbishop Seely Beggiani, Wolfgang Behringer, Christopher M. Bellitto, Byard Bennett, Harold V. Bennett, Teresa Berger, Miguel A. Bernad, Henley Bernard, Alan E. Bernstein, Jon L. Berquist, Johannes Beutler, Ana María Bidegain, Matthew P. Binkewicz, Jennifer Bird, Joseph Blenkinsopp, Dmytro Bondarenko, Paulo Bonfatti, Riet en Pim Bons-Storm, Jessica A. Boon, Marcus J. Borg, Mark Bosco, Peter C. Bouteneff, François Bovon, William D. Bowman, Paul S. Boyer, David Brakke, Richard E. Brantley, Marcus Braybrooke, Ian Breward, Ênio José da Costa Brito, Jewel Spears Brooker, Johannes Brosseder, Nicholas Canfield Read Brown, Robert F. Brown, Pamela K. Brubaker, Walter Brueggemann, Bishop Colin O. Buchanan, Stanley M. Burgess, Amy Nelson Burnett, J. Patout Burns, David B. Burrell, David Buttrick, James P. Byrd, Lavinia Byrne, Gerado Caetano, Marcos Caldas, Alkiviadis Calivas, William J. Callahan, Salvatore Calomino, Euan K. Cameron, William S. Campbell, Marcelo Ayres Camurça, Daniel F. Caner, Paul E. Capetz, Carlos F. Cardoza-Orlandi, Patrick W. Carey, Barbara Carvill, Hal Cauthron, Subhadra Mitra Channa, Mark D. Chapman, James H. Charlesworth, Kenneth R. Chase, Chen Zemin, Luciano Chianeque, Philip Chia Phin Yin, Francisca H. Chimhanda, Daniel Chiquete, John T. Chirban, Soobin Choi, Robert Choquette, Mita Choudhury, Gerald Christianson, John Chryssavgis, Sejong Chun, Esther Chung-Kim, Charles M. A. Clark, Elizabeth A. Clark, Sathianathan Clarke, Fred Cloud, John B. Cobb, W. Owen Cole, John A Coleman, John J. Collins, Sylvia Collins-Mayo, Paul K. Conkin, Beth A. Conklin, Sean Connolly, Demetrios J. Constantelos, Michael A. Conway, Paula M. Cooey, Austin Cooper, Michael L. Cooper-White, Pamela Cooper-White, L. William Countryman, Sérgio Coutinho, Pamela Couture, Shannon Craigo-Snell, James L. Crenshaw, David Crowner, Humberto Horacio Cucchetti, Lawrence S. Cunningham, Elizabeth Mason Currier, Emmanuel Cutrone, Mary L. Daniel, David D. Daniels, Robert Darden, Rolf Darge, Isaiah Dau, Jeffry C. Davis, Jane Dawson, Valentin Dedji, John W. de Gruchy, Paul DeHart, Wendy J. Deichmann Edwards, Miguel A. De La Torre, George E. Demacopoulos, Thomas de Mayo, Leah DeVun, Beatriz de Vasconcellos Dias, Dennis C. Dickerson, John M. Dillon, Luis Miguel Donatello, Igor Dorfmann-Lazarev, Susanna Drake, Jonathan A. Draper, N. Dreher Martin, Otto Dreydoppel, Angelyn Dries, A. J. Droge, Francis X. D'Sa, Marilyn Dunn, Nicole Wilkinson Duran, Rifaat Ebied, Mark J. Edwards, William H. Edwards, Leonard H. Ehrlich, Nancy L. Eiesland, Martin Elbel, J. Harold Ellens, Stephen Ellingson, Marvin M. Ellison, Robert Ellsberg, Jean Bethke Elshtain, Eldon Jay Epp, Peter C. Erb, Tassilo Erhardt, Maria Erling, Noel Leo Erskine, Gillian R. Evans, Virginia Fabella, Michael A. Fahey, Edward Farley, Margaret A. Farley, Wendy Farley, Robert Fastiggi, Seena Fazel, Duncan S. Ferguson, Helwar Figueroa, Paul Corby Finney, Kyriaki Karidoyanes FitzGerald, Thomas E. FitzGerald, John R. Fitzmier, Marie Therese Flanagan, Sabina Flanagan, Claude Flipo, Ronald B. Flowers, Carole Fontaine, David Ford, Mary Ford, Stephanie A. Ford, Jim Forest, William Franke, Robert M. Franklin, Ruth Franzén, Edward H. Friedman, Samuel Frouisou, Lorelei F. Fuchs, Jojo M. Fung, Inger Furseth, Richard R. Gaillardetz, Brandon Gallaher, China Galland, Mark Galli, Ismael García, Tharscisse Gatwa, Jean-Marie Gaudeul, Luis María Gavilanes del Castillo, Pavel L. Gavrilyuk, Volney P. Gay, Metropolitan Athanasios Geevargis, Kondothra M. George, Mary Gerhart, Simon Gikandi, Maurice Gilbert, Michael J. Gillgannon, Verónica Giménez Beliveau, Terryl Givens, Beth Glazier-McDonald, Philip Gleason, Menghun Goh, Brian Golding, Bishop Hilario M. Gomez, Michelle A. Gonzalez, Donald K. Gorrell, Roy Gottfried, Tamara Grdzelidze, Joel B. Green, Niels Henrik Gregersen, Cristina Grenholm, Herbert Griffiths, Eric W. Gritsch, Erich S. Gruen, Christoffer H. Grundmann, Paul H. Gundani, Jon P. Gunnemann, Petre Guran, Vidar L. Haanes, Jeremiah M. Hackett, Getatchew Haile, Douglas John Hall, Nicholas Hammond, Daphne Hampson, Jehu J. Hanciles, Barry Hankins, Jennifer Haraguchi, Stanley S. Harakas, Anthony John Harding, Conrad L. Harkins, J. William Harmless, Marjory Harper, Amir Harrak, Joel F. Harrington, Mark W. Harris, Susan Ashbrook Harvey, Van A. Harvey, R. Chris Hassel, Jione Havea, Daniel Hawk, Diana L. Hayes, Leslie Hayes, Priscilla Hayner, S. Mark Heim, Simo Heininen, Richard P. Heitzenrater, Eila Helander, David Hempton, Scott H. Hendrix, Jan-Olav Henriksen, Gina Hens-Piazza, Carter Heyward, Nicholas J. Higham, David Hilliard, Norman A. Hjelm, Peter C. Hodgson, Arthur Holder, M. Jan Holton, Dwight N. Hopkins, Ronnie Po-chia Hsia, Po-Ho Huang, James Hudnut-Beumler, Jennifer S. Hughes, Leonard M. Hummel, Mary E. Hunt, Laennec Hurbon, Mark Hutchinson, Susan E. Hylen, Mary Beth Ingham, H. Larry Ingle, Dale T. Irvin, Jon Isaak, Paul John Isaak, Ada María Isasi-Díaz, Hans Raun Iversen, Margaret C. Jacob, Arthur James, Maria Jansdotter-Samuelsson, David Jasper, Werner G. Jeanrond, Renée Jeffery, David Lyle Jeffrey, Theodore W. Jennings, David H. Jensen, Robin Margaret Jensen, David Jobling, Dale A. Johnson, Elizabeth A. Johnson, Maxwell E. Johnson, Sarah Johnson, Mark D. Johnston, F. Stanley Jones, James William Jones, John R. Jones, Alissa Jones Nelson, Inge Jonsson, Jan Joosten, Elizabeth Judd, Mulambya Peggy Kabonde, Robert Kaggwa, Sylvester Kahakwa, Isaac Kalimi, Ogbu U. Kalu, Eunice Kamaara, Wayne C. Kannaday, Musimbi Kanyoro, Veli-Matti Kärkkäinen, Frank Kaufmann, Léon Nguapitshi Kayongo, Richard Kearney, Alice A. Keefe, Ralph Keen, Catherine Keller, Anthony J. Kelly, Karen Kennelly, Kathi Lynn Kern, Fergus Kerr, Edward Kessler, George Kilcourse, Heup Young Kim, Kim Sung-Hae, Kim Yong-Bock, Kim Yung Suk, Richard King, Thomas M. King, Robert M. Kingdon, Ross Kinsler, Hans G. Kippenberg, Cheryl A. Kirk-Duggan, Clifton Kirkpatrick, Leonid Kishkovsky, Nadieszda Kizenko, Jeffrey Klaiber, Hans-Josef Klauck, Sidney Knight, Samuel Kobia, Robert Kolb, Karla Ann Koll, Heikki Kotila, Donald Kraybill, Philip D. W. Krey, Yves Krumenacker, Jeffrey Kah-Jin Kuan, Simanga R. Kumalo, Peter Kuzmic, Simon Shui-Man Kwan, Kwok Pui-lan, André LaCocque, Stephen E. Lahey, John Tsz Pang Lai, Emiel Lamberts, Armando Lampe, Craig Lampe, Beverly J. Lanzetta, Eve LaPlante, Lizette Larson-Miller, Ariel Bybee Laughton, Leonard Lawlor, Bentley Layton, Robin A. Leaver, Karen Lebacqz, Archie Chi Chung Lee, Marilyn J. Legge, Hervé LeGrand, D. L. LeMahieu, Raymond Lemieux, Bill J. Leonard, Ellen M. Leonard, Outi Leppä, Jean Lesaulnier, Nantawan Boonprasat Lewis, Henrietta Leyser, Alexei Lidov, Bernard Lightman, Paul Chang-Ha Lim, Carter Lindberg, Mark R. Lindsay, James R. Linville, James C. Livingston, Ann Loades, David Loades, Jean-Claude Loba-Mkole, Lo Lung Kwong, Wati Longchar, Eleazar López, David W. Lotz, Andrew Louth, Robin W. Lovin, William Luis, Frank D. Macchia, Diarmaid N. J. MacCulloch, Kirk R. MacGregor, Marjory A. MacLean, Donald MacLeod, Tomas S. Maddela, Inge Mager, Laurenti Magesa, David G. Maillu, Fortunato Mallimaci, Philip Mamalakis, Kä Mana, Ukachukwu Chris Manus, Herbert Robinson Marbury, Reuel Norman Marigza, Jacqueline Mariña, Antti Marjanen, Luiz C. L. Marques, Madipoane Masenya (ngwan'a Mphahlele), Caleb J. D. Maskell, Steve Mason, Thomas Massaro, Fernando Matamoros Ponce, András Máté-Tóth, Odair Pedroso Mateus, Dinis Matsolo, Fumitaka Matsuoka, John D'Arcy May, Yelena Mazour-Matusevich, Theodore Mbazumutima, John S. McClure, Christian McConnell, Lee Martin McDonald, Gary B. McGee, Thomas McGowan, Alister E. McGrath, Richard J. McGregor, John A. McGuckin, Maud Burnett McInerney, Elsie Anne McKee, Mary B. McKinley, James F. McMillan, Ernan McMullin, Kathleen E. McVey, M. Douglas Meeks, Monica Jyotsna Melanchthon, Ilie Melniciuc-Puica, Everett Mendoza, Raymond A. Mentzer, William W. Menzies, Ina Merdjanova, Franziska Metzger, Constant J. Mews, Marvin Meyer, Carol Meyers, Vasile Mihoc, Gunner Bjerg Mikkelsen, Maria Inêz de Castro Millen, Clyde Lee Miller, Bonnie J. Miller-McLemore, Alexander Mirkovic, Paul Misner, Nozomu Miyahira, R. W. L. Moberly, Gerald Moede, Aloo Osotsi Mojola, Sunanda Mongia, Rebeca Montemayor, James Moore, Roger E. Moore, Craig E. Morrison O.Carm, Jeffry H. Morrison, Keith Morrison, Wilson J. Moses, Tefetso Henry Mothibe, Mokgethi Motlhabi, Fulata Moyo, Henry Mugabe, Jesse Ndwiga Kanyua Mugambi, Peggy Mulambya-Kabonde, Robert Bruce Mullin, Pamela Mullins Reaves, Saskia Murk Jansen, Heleen L. Murre-Van den Berg, Augustine Musopole, Isaac M. T. Mwase, Philomena Mwaura, Cecilia Nahnfeldt, Anne Nasimiyu Wasike, Carmiña Navia Velasco, Thulani Ndlazi, Alexander Negrov, James B. Nelson, David G. Newcombe, Carol Newsom, Helen J. Nicholson, George W. E. Nickelsburg, Tatyana Nikolskaya, Damayanthi M. A. Niles, Bertil Nilsson, Nyambura Njoroge, Fidelis Nkomazana, Mary Beth Norton, Christian Nottmeier, Sonene Nyawo, Anthère Nzabatsinda, Edward T. Oakes, Gerald O'Collins, Daniel O'Connell, David W. Odell-Scott, Mercy Amba Oduyoye, Kathleen O'Grady, Oyeronke Olajubu, Thomas O'Loughlin, Dennis T. Olson, J. Steven O'Malley, Cephas N. Omenyo, Muriel Orevillo-Montenegro, César Augusto Ornellas Ramos, Agbonkhianmeghe E. Orobator, Kenan B. Osborne, Carolyn Osiek, Javier Otaola Montagne, Douglas F. Ottati, Anna May Say Pa, Irina Paert, Jerry G. Pankhurst, Aristotle Papanikolaou, Samuele F. Pardini, Stefano Parenti, Peter Paris, Sung Bae Park, Cristián G. Parker, Raquel Pastor, Joseph Pathrapankal, Daniel Patte, W. Brown Patterson, Clive Pearson, Keith F. Pecklers, Nancy Cardoso Pereira, David Horace Perkins, Pheme Perkins, Edward N. Peters, Rebecca Todd Peters, Bishop Yeznik Petrossian, Raymond Pfister, Peter C. Phan, Isabel Apawo Phiri, William S. F. Pickering, Derrick G. Pitard, William Elvis Plata, Zlatko Plese, John Plummer, James Newton Poling, Ronald Popivchak, Andrew Porter, Ute Possekel, James M. Powell, Enos Das Pradhan, Devadasan Premnath, Jaime Adrían Prieto Valladares, Anne Primavesi, Randall Prior, María Alicia Puente Lutteroth, Eduardo Guzmão Quadros, Albert Rabil, Laurent William Ramambason, Apolonio M. Ranche, Vololona Randriamanantena Andriamitandrina, Lawrence R. Rast, Paul L. Redditt, Adele Reinhartz, Rolf Rendtorff, Pål Repstad, James N. Rhodes, John K. Riches, Joerg Rieger, Sharon H. Ringe, Sandra Rios, Tyler Roberts, David M. Robinson, James M. Robinson, Joanne Maguire Robinson, Richard A. H. Robinson, Roy R. Robson, Jack B. Rogers, Maria Roginska, Sidney Rooy, Rev. Garnett Roper, Maria José Fontelas Rosado-Nunes, Andrew C. Ross, Stefan Rossbach, François Rossier, John D. Roth, John K. Roth, Phillip Rothwell, Richard E. Rubenstein, Rosemary Radford Ruether, Markku Ruotsila, John E. Rybolt, Risto Saarinen, John Saillant, Juan Sanchez, Wagner Lopes Sanchez, Hugo N. Santos, Gerhard Sauter, Gloria L. Schaab, Sandra M. Schneiders, Quentin J. Schultze, Fernando F. Segovia, Turid Karlsen Seim, Carsten Selch Jensen, Alan P. F. Sell, Frank C. Senn, Kent Davis Sensenig, Damían Setton, Bal Krishna Sharma, Carolyn J. Sharp, Thomas Sheehan, N. Gerald Shenk, Christian Sheppard, Charles Sherlock, Tabona Shoko, Walter B. Shurden, Marguerite Shuster, B. Mark Sietsema, Batara Sihombing, Neil Silberman, Clodomiro Siller, Samuel Silva-Gotay, Heikki Silvet, John K. Simmons, Hagith Sivan, James C. Skedros, Abraham Smith, Ashley A. Smith, Ted A. Smith, Daud Soesilo, Pia Søltoft, Choan-Seng (C. S.) Song, Kathryn Spink, Bryan Spinks, Eric O. Springsted, Nicolas Standaert, Brian Stanley, Glen H. Stassen, Karel Steenbrink, Stephen J. Stein, Andrea Sterk, Gregory E. Sterling, Columba Stewart, Jacques Stewart, Robert B. Stewart, Cynthia Stokes Brown, Ken Stone, Anne Stott, Elizabeth Stuart, Monya Stubbs, Marjorie Hewitt Suchocki, David Kwang-sun Suh, Scott W. Sunquist, Keith Suter, Douglas Sweeney, Charles H. Talbert, Shawqi N. Talia, Elsa Tamez, Joseph B. Tamney, Jonathan Y. Tan, Yak-Hwee Tan, Kathryn Tanner, Feiya Tao, Elizabeth S. Tapia, Aquiline Tarimo, Claire Taylor, Mark Lewis Taylor, Bishop Abba Samuel Wolde Tekestebirhan, Eugene TeSelle, M. Thomas Thangaraj, David R. Thomas, Andrew Thornley, Scott Thumma, Marcelo Timotheo da Costa, George E. “Tink” Tinker, Ola Tjørhom, Karen Jo Torjesen, Iain R. Torrance, Fernando Torres-Londoño, Archbishop Demetrios [Trakatellis], Marit Trelstad, Christine Trevett, Phyllis Trible, Johannes Tromp, Paul Turner, Robert G. Tuttle, Archbishop Desmond Tutu, Peter Tyler, Anders Tyrberg, Justin Ukpong, Javier Ulloa, Camillus Umoh, Kristi Upson-Saia, Martina Urban, Monica Uribe, Elochukwu Eugene Uzukwu, Richard Vaggione, Gabriel Vahanian, Paul Valliere, T. J. Van Bavel, Steven Vanderputten, Peter Van der Veer, Huub Van de Sandt, Louis Van Tongeren, Luke A. Veronis, Noel Villalba, Ramón Vinke, Tim Vivian, David Voas, Elena Volkova, Katharina von Kellenbach, Elina Vuola, Timothy Wadkins, Elaine M. Wainwright, Randi Jones Walker, Dewey D. Wallace, Jerry Walls, Michael J. Walsh, Philip Walters, Janet Walton, Jonathan L. Walton, Wang Xiaochao, Patricia A. Ward, David Harrington Watt, Herold D. Weiss, Laurence L. Welborn, Sharon D. Welch, Timothy Wengert, Traci C. West, Merold Westphal, David Wetherell, Barbara Wheeler, Carolinne White, Jean-Paul Wiest, Frans Wijsen, Terry L. Wilder, Felix Wilfred, Rebecca Wilkin, Daniel H. Williams, D. Newell Williams, Michael A. Williams, Vincent L. Wimbush, Gabriele Winkler, Anders Winroth, Lauri Emílio Wirth, James A. Wiseman, Ebba Witt-Brattström, Teofil Wojciechowski, John Wolffe, Kenman L. Wong, Wong Wai Ching, Linda Woodhead, Wendy M. Wright, Rose Wu, Keith E. Yandell, Gale A. Yee, Viktor Yelensky, Yeo Khiok-Khng, Gustav K. K. Yeung, Angela Yiu, Amos Yong, Yong Ting Jin, You Bin, Youhanna Nessim Youssef, Eliana Yunes, Robert Michael Zaller, Valarie H. Ziegler, Barbara Brown Zikmund, Joyce Ann Zimmerman, Aurora Zlotnik, Zhuo Xinping
- Edited by Daniel Patte, Vanderbilt University, Tennessee
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- The Cambridge Dictionary of Christianity
- Published online:
- 05 August 2012
- Print publication:
- 20 September 2010, pp xi-xliv
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My head hurts just thinking about it
- TARA L. VICTOR, KYLE B. BOONE, ALEXIS D. KULICK
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- Journal:
- Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society / Volume 16 / Issue 6 / November 2010
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 02 August 2010, pp. 1151-1152
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Contributors
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- By Joanne R. Adler, David A. Alexander, Laurence Alison, Catherine C. Ayoub, Peter Banister, Anthony R. Beech, Amanda Biggs, Julian Boon, Adrian Bowers, Neil Brewer, Eric Broekaert, Paula Brough, Jennifer M. Brown, Kevin Browne, Elizabeth A. Campbell, David Canter, Michael Carlin, Shihning Chou, Martin A. Conway, Claire Cooke, David Cooke, Ilse Derluyn, Robert J. Edelmann, Vincent Egan, Tom Ellis, Marie Eyre, David P. Farrington, Seena Fazel, Daniel B. Fishman, Victoria Follette, Katarina Fritzon, Elizabeth Gilchrist, Nathan D. Gillard, Renée Gobeil, Agnieszka Golec de Zavala, Jane Goodman-Delahunty, Lynsey Gozna, Don Grubin, Gisli H. Gudjonsson, Helinä Häkkänen-Nyholm, Guy Hall, Nathan Hall, Roisin Hall, Sean Hammond, Leigh Harkins, Grant T. Harris, Camilla Herbert, Robert D. Hoge, Todd E. Hogue, Clive R. Hollin, Lorraine Hope, Miranda A. H. Horvath, Kevin Howells, Carol A. Ireland, Jane L. Ireland, Mark Kebbell, Michael King, Bruce D. Kirkcaldy, Heidi La Bash, Cara Laney, William R. Lindsay, Elizabeth F. Loftus, L. E. Marshall, W. L. Marshall, James McGuire, Neil McKeganey, T. M. McMillan, Mary McMurran, Joav Merrick, Becky Milne, Joanne M. Nadkarni, Claire Nee, M. D. O’Brien, William O’Donohue, Darragh O’Neill, Jane Palmer, Adria Pearson, Derek Perkins, Devon L. L. Polaschek, Louise E. Porter, Charlotte C. Powell, Graham E. Powell, Martine Powell, Christine Puckering, Ethel Quayle, Vernon L. Quinsey, Marnie E. Rice, Randall Richardson-Vejlgaard, Richard Rogers, Louis B Schlesinger, Carolyn Semmler, G. A. Serran, Ralph C. Serin, John L. Taylor, Max Taylor, Brian Thomas-Peter, Paul A. Tiffin, Graham Towl, Rosie Travers, Arlene Vetere, Graham Wagstaff, Helen Wakeling, Fiona Warren, Brandon C. Welsh, David Wexler, Margaret Wilson, Dan Yarmey, Susan Young
- Edited by Jennifer M. Brown, London School of Economics and Political Science, Elizabeth A. Campbell, University of Glasgow
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- The Cambridge Handbook of Forensic Psychology
- Published online:
- 06 July 2010
- Print publication:
- 29 April 2010, pp xix-xxiii
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Reasons Young Adults Visit (and Do Not Visit) Impaired Grandparents*
- Susan D. Boon, Megan J. Shaw
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- Journal:
- Canadian Journal on Aging / La Revue canadienne du vieillissement / Volume 26 / Issue 4 / Winter/Hiver 2007
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 31 March 2010, pp. 357-365
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This study explored the value undergraduate students (N = 138) attach to relationships with impaired grandparents by examining some of the reasons they visit (and do not visit) grandparents who live with conditions limiting their cognitive, physical, or psychological well-being. As part of a larger study, participants completed two checklists to indicate their reasons for visiting and not visiting their affected grandparents. Reward-based reasons were endorsed more frequently as motives for visiting than were reasons based on external constraints, family difficulties, guilt, or wanting to take advantage of the time left with their grandparents. Barriers that restricted opportunities to visit were endorsed more frequently as explanations for participants' failure to visit than were problems in the relationship itself, guilt, or severity of impairment.
Role of the protozoan Isotricha prostoma, liquid-, and solid-associated bacteria in rumen biohydrogenation of linoleic acid
- C. Boeckaert, D. P. Morgavi, J.-P. Jouany, L. Maignien, N. Boon, V. Fievez
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From the simultaneous accumulation of hydrogenation intermediates and the disappearance of Isotricha prostoma after algae supplementation, we suggested a role of this ciliate and/or its associated bacteria in rumen biohydrogenation of unsaturated fatty acids. The experiments described here evaluated the role of I. prostoma and/or its associated endogenous and exogenous bacteria in rumen biohydrogenation of C18:2n-6 and its main intermediates CLA c9t11 and C18:1t11. Fractions of I. prostoma and associated bacteria, obtained by sedimentation of rumen fluid sampled from a monofaunated sheep, were used untreated, treated with antibiotics or sonicated to discriminate between the activity of I. prostoma and its associated bacteria, the protozoan or the bacteria, respectively. Incubations were performed in triplicate during 6 h with unesterified C18:2n-6, CLA c9t11 or C18:1t11 (400 μg/ml) and 0.1 g glucose/cellobiose (1/1, w/w). I. prostoma did not hydrogenate C18:2n-6 or its intermediates whereas bacteria associated with I. prostoma converted a limited amount of C18:2n-6 and CLA c9t11 to trans monoenes. C18:1t11 was not hydrogenated by either I. prostoma or its associated bacteria but was isomerized to C18:1c9. A phylogenetic analysis of clones originating from Butyrivibrio-specific PCR product was performed. This indicated that 71% of the clones from the endogenous and exogenous community clustered in close relationship with Lachnospira pectinoschiza. Additionally, the biohydrogenation activity of solid-associated bacteria (SAB) and liquid-associated bacteria (LAB) was examined and compared with the activity of the non-fractioned I. prostoma monofaunated rumen fluid (LAB + SAB). Both SAB and LAB were involved in rumen biohydrogenation of C18:2n-6. SAB fractions performed the full hydrogenation reaction to C18:0 while C18:1 fatty acids, predominantly C18:1t10 and C18:1t11, accumulated in the LAB fractions. SAB and LAB sequence analyses were mainly related to the genera Butyrivibrio and Pseudobutyrivibrio with 12% of the SAB clones closely related to the C18:0 producing B. proteoclasticus branch. In conclusion, this work suggests that I. prostoma and its associated bacteria play no role in C18:2n-6 biohydrogenation, while LAB convert C18:2n-6 to a wide range of C18:1 fatty acids and SAB produce C18:0, the end product of rumen lipid metabolism.
The social impact of haemophilia
- R. A. Boon, D. F. Roberts
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- Journal:
- Journal of Biosocial Science / Volume 2 / Issue 3 / July 1970
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 31 July 2008, pp. 237-264
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Haemophilia, one of the oldest known genetic disorders, imposes varying degrees of disability on those affected. A survey of 137 haemophiliacs, seventy-eight adults and fifty-nine children, in the north of England was conducted to discover the extent of social, educational and employment problems created by the disease, while investigation of sixty-nine mothers of patients provided information on its impact on family life.
Some problems are adequately met, others not; those of education and employment are the most serious. Educational deficiencies are due to incomplete and interrupted schooling. Choice of employment is severely restricted for them, and stability of employment is adversely affected by episodes of ill-health. But with improved methods of medical treatment the children are losing less school time than the adults did, fewer of them attend schools for the physically handicapped, and this should result in the attainment of better educational standards, and therefore more hope for permanent and satisfactory employment in the future.
The birth of a haemophilic child markedly affects the family, particularly the mother, but again there is a difference in response between the present and the older generation of mothers.
Comparison of symptoms and treatment outcomes between actively and passively detected tuberculosis cases: the additional value of active case finding
- S. DEN BOON, S. VERVER, C. J. LOMBARD, E. D. BATEMAN, E. M. IRUSEN, D. A. ENARSON, M. W. BORGDORFF, N. BEYERS
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- Journal:
- Epidemiology & Infection / Volume 136 / Issue 10 / October 2008
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 04 January 2008, pp. 1342-1349
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Passive detection of tuberculosis (TB) cases may lead to delay in treatment which may contribute to increased severity of disease and mortality. Active case finding may be an alternative. In a community survey in Cape Town, South Africa, we actively detected 27 bacteriologically positive TB cases and compared those with 473 passively detected TB cases. Seven of 27 (26%) actively detected TB cases did not start treatment within 2 months and were considered initial defaulters. Those who did start treatment had similar treatment success rates as passively detected TB cases (both 80%) (OR 1·01, 95% CI 0·33–3·09). Passively detected cases reported the presence of the symptoms cough (OR 3·72, 95% CI 1·47–9·39), haemoptysis (OR 3·20, 95% CI 1·03–9·93), night sweats (OR 3·35, 95% CI 1·40–7·99), fever (OR 4·28, 95% CI 1·21–15·14), and weight loss (OR 11·14, 95% CI 4·17–29·74) more often than those detected actively. We conclude that although TB cases detected by a community survey are less symptomatic and are prone to a high initial default rate, active case finding can potentially identify a substantial portion of the existing caseload at an earlier stage of disease, thereby reducing the risk of transmission.
Extrusion of a solvated polymer into a moving viscous medium allows generation of continuous polymer nanofibers via hydrodynamic focusing
- M. Gorantla, S.E. Boone, C. Clark, R. Esser, M. El-Ashry, D. Young
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- Journal:
- Journal of Materials Research / Volume 22 / Issue 4 / April 2007
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 03 March 2011, pp. 989-993
- Print publication:
- April 2007
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Continuous, small-diameter polymer fibers may be fabricated by a method that involves injecting a solvated polymer into a highly viscous moving medium through a microaperture. The extruded fiber moves in a predictable spiral path and is collected around a spinning mandrel that also serves to pull the extruded fiber away from the aperture. In this study, fibers as small as 400 nm diameter were observed, but there was no indication that the experiments reported here have achieved the smallest structures possible by this technique. Video microscopy experiments revealed significant fiber diameter reduction in close proximity to the point of precursor injection via hydrodynamic focusing. This occurred due to flow mismatch between the precursor and surrounding media. This effect may be the dominant draw-down mechanism in a process that can produce truly continuous nanofiber. This method is capable of generating fibers from precursors with viscosities that would render them unspinnable by any other known method.
An evaluation of the GlideScope®, a new video laryngoscope for difficult airways: a manikin study
- F. J. Benjamin, D. Boon, R. A. French
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- Journal:
- European Journal of Anaesthesiology / Volume 23 / Issue 6 / June 2006
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 04 April 2006, pp. 517-521
- Print publication:
- June 2006
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Summary
Background and objectives: The GlideScope® is a new video laryngoscope. The aim of our study was to assess its use compared to a Macintosh blade in airway scenarios on the Airman™ airway simulator. The scenarios were: ‘normal’ or resting state of the manikin, pharyngeal obstruction, cervical rigidity and tongue oedema. Methods: Thirty anaesthetists from the Christchurch Anaesthetic Department attempted to pass a bougie or stylet through the vocal cords of the manikin with a size 3 Macintosh blade, then the GlideScope. View at laryngoscopy, ease of ‘intubation’ and whether they thought the GlideScope would be useful in clinical practice were recorded. Results: Forty three percent (P = 0.02) found an improved view with the GlideScope in the pharyngeal obstruction scenario. In the other scenarios there was no significant difference in view. Reportage of ease of intubation showed no statistical difference in any scenarios. However, 93% of anaesthetists considered having the GlideScope would be useful if faced clinically with one or more of the studied scenarios. Conclusions: The GlideScope improved the view in one of three difficult airway situations when used by anaesthetists with no formal training in its use. No single airway device offers a solution to all scenarios, however, we consider that the GlideScope is a useful addition to the range of difficult airway devices available.
Modeling with the Advanced Science Analysis Package (ASAP)
- Ph. Stee, F. Boone, P. Schilke, D. Muders, C. Comito, S. Leurini, B. Parise, F. van der Tak, K. Menten
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- Journal:
- European Astronomical Society Publications Series / Volume 18 / 2006
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 08 March 2006, pp. 299-305
- Print publication:
- 2006
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ASAP is a project initiated at the MPIfR which aims at providing a new generation of scientific analysis tools to extract the physical information from the high dynamical range data of current and future instruments. It was motivated by the ALMA project but the concepts and their implementations are applicable to all wavelengths. This presentation is focused on DALIA (Direct Aproach to spectral Line Analysis), a prototype software for forward modeling. It consists of a JAVA graphical user interface through which the user can fit models to observations. The models are stored as binaries and are described by XML files according to a schema. New models developed in any language can thus be easily added to the model database by the user. The different steps of the fit (simulation, evaluation, parameter change) can be executed manually or automatically through an optimization engine. The interface allows the user to have a direct control on the model parameters which can be fixed or constrained. The data to be modeled can be of any type (1D, 2D, 3D, specral, spatial, temporal...) and associations of datasets of different types are supported as long as the axes are identical to those of the model output. In this prototype the FITS format is supported. For spectral synthesis, the spectroscopic data from the molecular databases (Cologne, JPL) are used. This approach is very generic and uses concepts similar to those of the Virtual Observatory. Its integration into the VO would allow astronomers to use the data archives to constrain a model and would permit to store model solutions for each source. These model solutions could thus be easily shared and be improved with the aquisition of new data.