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Coronavirus disease 2019 is associated with long-term depressive symptoms in Spanish older adults with overweight/obesity and metabolic syndrome
- Sangeetha Shyam, Carlos Gómez-Martínez, Indira Paz-Graniel, José J. Gaforio, Miguel Ángel Martínez-González, Dolores Corella, Montserrat Fitó, J. Alfredo Martínez, Ángel M. Alonso-Gómez, Julia Wärnberg, Jesús Vioque, Dora Romaguera, José López-Miranda, Ramon Estruch, Francisco J. Tinahones, José Manuel Santos-Lozano, J. Luís Serra-Majem, Aurora Bueno-Cavanillas, Josep A. Tur, Vicente Martín Sánchez, Xavier Pintó, María Ortiz Ramos, Josep Vidal, Maria Mar Alcarria, Lidia Daimiel, Emilio Ros, Fernando Fernandez-Aranda, Stephanie K. Nishi, Oscar García Regata, Estefania Toledo, Jose V. Sorli, Olga Castañer, Antonio Garcia-Rios, Rafael Valls-Enguix, Napoleon Perez-Farinos, M. Angeles Zulet, Elena Rayó-Gago, Rosa Casas, Mario Rivera-Izquierdo, Lucas Tojal-Sierra, Miguel Damas-Fuentes, Pilar Buil-Cosiales, Rebeca Fernández-Carrion, Albert Goday, Patricia J. Peña-Orihuela, Laura Compañ-Gabucio, Javier Diez-Espino, Susanna Tello, Ana González-Pinto, Víctor de la O, Miguel Delgado-Rodríguez, Nancy Babio, Jordi Salas-Salvadó
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- Journal:
- Psychological Medicine / Volume 54 / Issue 3 / February 2024
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 05 September 2023, pp. 620-630
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Background
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has serious physiological and psychological consequences. The long-term (>12 weeks post-infection) impact of COVID-19 on mental health, specifically in older adults, is unclear. We longitudinally assessed the association of COVID-19 with depression symptomatology in community-dwelling older adults with metabolic syndrome within the framework of the PREDIMED-Plus cohort.
MethodsParticipants (n = 5486) aged 55–75 years were included in this longitudinal cohort. COVID-19 status (positive/negative) determined by tests (e.g. polymerase chain reaction severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, IgG) was confirmed via event adjudication (410 cases). Pre- and post-COVID-19 depressive symptomatology was ascertained from annual assessments conducted using a validated 21-item Spanish Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II). Multivariable linear and logistic regression models assessed the association between COVID-19 and depression symptomatology.
ResultsCOVID-19 in older adults was associated with higher post-COVID-19 BDI-II scores measured at a median (interquartile range) of 29 (15–40) weeks post-infection [fully adjusted β = 0.65 points, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.15–1.15; p = 0.011]. This association was particularly prominent in women (β = 1.38 points, 95% CI 0.44–2.33, p = 0.004). COVID-19 was associated with 62% increased odds of elevated depression risk (BDI-II ≥ 14) post-COVID-19 when adjusted for confounders (odds ratio; 95% CI 1.13–2.30, p = 0.008).
ConclusionsCOVID-19 was associated with long-term depression risk in older adults with overweight/obesity and metabolic syndrome, particularly in women. Thus, long-term evaluations of the impact of COVID-19 on mental health and preventive public health initiatives are warranted in older adults.
Continuous Theta-Burst Stimulation in a 9-year-old girl with a history of neurotoxicity after Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia B
- A. Moleon, M. Martín-Bejarano, T. Javier, I. Pérez, T. Rosa, M. Garcia-Ferriol, P. Rocío, J. M. Oropesa, N. Javier
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- Journal:
- European Psychiatry / Volume 66 / Issue S1 / March 2023
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 19 July 2023, pp. S144-S145
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Introduction
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation is a non invasive brain stimulation technique used for several neuropsychiatric conditions. The treatment of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia (ALL) involves many cytotoxic drugs that inhibit the rapid growth of cancer cells, but also damage healthy cells, resulting in a wide range of adverse effects (Śliwa-Tytko et al., 2022). Studies have shown that approximately 10-30% of paediatric ALL patients suffer from psychiatric disorders. Therefore, new therapeutic tools are needed, and repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) has demonstrated tolerability, effectiveness and safety in children (Allen et al., 2017).
ObjectivesWe discuss the first case of a 9-year-old girl diagnosed with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia B in who underwent Continuous Theta-Burst Stimulation
MethodsCase Presentation. In this study, we describe a case of a 9-year-old girl diagnosed with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia B in November 2016 who completed treatment in July 2019. Since April 2018 she presented symptoms of intracranial hypertension and encephalopathy with behavioural alterations, attention deficit secondary to toxicity. Psychotic outbreaks after toxicity from different treatments was also present. Since starting pericyazine (July 2022) there has been a slight improvement, but her symptoms continue to have a severe impact in her daily functioning. Baseline developmental profile assessed with the Battelle Inventory was significantly below the expected level in all developmental areas except for gross motor skills. Treatment. The TMS intervention consisted of the application on right DLPFC (F4), inhibitory cTBS protocol (5Hz bursts and 3 pulses of 50 Hz each). The protocol consisted in delivering 2 sessions per day for 15 days (separated by 55 minutes), 4 minutes per session (3600 pulses/session), 30 sessions in total. An intensity of 100% of resting motor threshold (C4). TMS was performed with the Magventure Magpro X100 MagOption equipment, Cool DB-80 double cone coil. The Child Behaviour Checklist (CBCL) for parents was used to assess intervention effects.
ResultsCBCL results reflect improvements in both internalising and externalising total scores after treatment. Specifically, the patient presents clinically significant decreases in several dimensions such as anxious/depressed symptoms, somatic complaints, and social problems. No adverse effects have been reported since the beginning of the intervention.
ConclusionsInternalising and externalising behaviours severity were reduced after 30 TMS sessions. In accordance with the latest systematic reviews on the safety of TMS in the paediatric patient (Zewdie et al, 2020) we propose the development of paediatric guidelines to offer this technique to patients with a history of intolerability or poor drug response.
Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) in a child diagnosed with hypothalamic-pituitary tumour: a case report
- A. Moleon, M. Martín-Bejarano, J. Narbona, T. Rosa, I. Pérez, M. García-Ferriol, R. Perea, J. M. Oropesa, T. Javier
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- Journal:
- European Psychiatry / Volume 66 / Issue S1 / March 2023
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 19 July 2023, p. S144
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Introduction
Central nervous system (CNS) tumours are the most common type of solid tumour in the paediatric population. Although advances in treatment have improved survival rates, there is a substantial body of literature documenting the potential long-term effects such as psychological, neurocognitive and health-related sequelae experienced by survivors of paediatric brain tumours. TMS is a non-invasive brain stimulation technique that uses electrical stimuli applied to the cranial surface to restore neuronal connections damaged because of CNS disruption (Burke et. al., 2019).
ObjectivesTo test the efficacy of TMS in a patient diagnosed with a CNS tumour who reported pain and suffered severe cognitive-behavioural alterations refractory to other pharmacological treatments.
MethodsCase Presentation. A 12-year-old boy diagnosed with a hypothalamic-pituitary tumour at the age of 9, having received surgical treatment, radiotherapy and chemotherapy. He suffered loss of vision, cognitive-behavioural and emotional sequelae, and pain, for which he received various pharmacological treatments without benefit. Treatment. The patient underwent a total of 25 sessions where each session took 20 minutes to complete for 3 sessions per week. TMS intervention consisted of 1200 inhibitory magnetic pulses with a frequency of 1hz on right DLPFC at an intensity of 110% of resting motor threshold. Stimulations were carried out using a Magventure MagPro X100 equipment with a double-cone coil. The clinical assessment included The Silhouettes Fatigue Scale (PHQ-9), Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS) and Numerical Rating Scale (NRS), verbal subtests of the Weschler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC-V), Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) and the Sleep Disturbance Scale for Children, SDSC
ResultsIn the post-treatment clinical interview with the family, qualitative changes included a decrease in subjective complaints of pain and fatigue. The family reported that the child stopped sleeping tied up after the intervention and a significant change in slowness was observed, which was accompanied by a higher level of awareness and consequently a slight improvement at the behavioural level, which at the present time does allow for psychological intervention. The psychometric results were clinically improved for psychomotor activity, sleep, emotional alterations, and all cognitive domains.
Conclusions25 sessions of TMS in the right DLPFC could show beneficial effects on pain, fatigue, cognition, health and sleep variables in patients with drug-resistant sequelae derived from CNS tumours. Longitudinal studies with larger sample sizes are needed to determine whether the effects observed after TMS intervention in paediatric patients with CNS diseases are significant.
Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Dietary diversity and depression: cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses in Spanish adult population with metabolic syndrome. Findings from PREDIMED-Plus trial
- Naomi Cano-Ibáñez, Lluis Serra-Majem, Sandra Martín-Peláez, Miguel Ángel Martínez-González, Jordi Salas-Salvadó, Dolores Corella, Camille Lassale, Jose Alfredo Martínez, Ángel M Alonso-Gómez, Julia Wärnberg, Jesús Vioque, Dora Romaguera, José López-Miranda, Ramon Estruch, Ana María Gómez-Pérez, José Lapetra, Fernando Fernández-Aranda, Aurora Bueno-Cavanillas, Josep A Tur, Naiara Cubelos, Xavier Pintó, José Juan Gaforio, Pilar Matía-Martín, Josep Vidal, Cristina Calderón, Lidia Daimiel, Emilio Ros, Alfredo Gea, Nancy Babio, Ignacio Manuel Gimenez-Alba, María Dolores Zomeño-Fajardo, Itziar Abete, Lucas Tojal Sierra, Rita P Romero-Galisteo, Manoli García de la Hera, Marian Martín-Padillo, Antonio García-Ríos, Rosa M Casas, JC Fernández-García, José Manuel Santos-Lozano, Estefanía Toledo, Nerea Becerra-Tomas, Jose V Sorli, Helmut Schröder, María A Zulet, Carolina Sorto-Sánchez, Javier Diez-Espino, Carlos Gómez-Martínez, Montse Fitó, Almudena Sánchez-Villegas
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- Journal:
- Public Health Nutrition / Volume 26 / Issue 3 / March 2023
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 19 July 2022, pp. 598-610
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Objective:
To examine the cross-sectional and longitudinal (2-year follow-up) associations between dietary diversity (DD) and depressive symptoms.
Design:An energy-adjusted dietary diversity score (DDS) was assessed using a validated FFQ and was categorised into quartiles (Q). The variety in each food group was classified into four categories of diversity (C). Depressive symptoms were assessed with Beck Depression Inventory-II (Beck II) questionnaire and depression cases defined as physician-diagnosed or Beck II >= 18. Linear and logistic regression models were used.
Setting:Spanish older adults with metabolic syndrome (MetS).
Participants:A total of 6625 adults aged 55–75 years from the PREDIMED-Plus study with overweight or obesity and MetS.
Results:Total DDS was inversely and statistically significantly associated with depression in the cross-sectional analysis conducted; OR Q4 v. Q1 = 0·76 (95 % CI (0·64, 0·90)). This was driven by high diversity compared to low diversity (C3 v. C1) of vegetables (OR = 0·75, 95 % CI (0·57, 0·93)), cereals (OR = 0·72 (95 % CI (0·56, 0·94)) and proteins (OR = 0·27, 95 % CI (0·11, 0·62)). In the longitudinal analysis, there was no significant association between the baseline DDS and changes in depressive symptoms after 2 years of follow-up, except for DD in vegetables C4 v. C1 = (β = 0·70, 95 % CI (0·05, 1·35)).
Conclusions:According to our results, DD is inversely associated with depressive symptoms, but eating more diverse does not seem to reduce the risk of future depression. Additional longitudinal studies (with longer follow-up) are needed to confirm these findings.
Association between the Prime Diet Quality Score and depressive symptoms in a Mediterranean population with metabolic syndrome. Cross-sectional and 2-year follow-up assessment from PREDIMED-PLUS study
- Naomi Cano-Ibáñez, Lluis Serra-Majem, Sandra Martín-Peláez, Miguel Ángel Martínez-González, Jordi Salas-Salvadó, Maria Dolores Corella Piquer, Camille Lassale, José Alfredo Martínez Hernandez, Ángel M. Alonso-Gómez, Julia Wärnberg, Jesús Vioque Lopez, Dora Romaguera, José López-Miranda, Ramon Estruch, Ana María Gómez-Pérez, José Manuel Santos-Lozano, Fernando Fernández-Aranda, Aurora Bueno-Cavanillas, Josep A. Tur, Vicente Martín, Xavier Pintó Sala, Miguel Delgado-Rodríguez, Pilar Matía Martín, Josep Vidal, Jersy J. Cárdenas, Lidia Daimiel Ruiz, Emilio Ros, Pilar Buil-Cosiales, Nerea Becerra-Tomás, Carmen Saiz, Miguel-Ángel Muñoz-Perez, Itziar Abete, Lucas Tojal-Sierra, Olga Fernández-Barceló, Andrea Bernabé-Casanova, Jadwiga Konieczna, Antonio García-Ríos, Rosa Casas, Maria Rosa Bernal-López, José Lapetra, Estefanía Toledo, Carlos Gómez-Martínez, Oscar Coltell, Mireia Malcampo-Manrúbia, María Angeles Zulet, Carolina Sorto-Sánchez, Alfredo Gea, José Luis Hernández-Fleta, Olga Castañer Niño, Almudena Sánchez-Villegas
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- Journal:
- British Journal of Nutrition / Volume 128 / Issue 6 / 28 September 2022
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 29 October 2021, pp. 1170-1179
- Print publication:
- 28 September 2022
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The burden of depression is increasing worldwide, specifically in older adults. Unhealthy dietary patterns may partly explain this phenomenon. In the Spanish PREDIMED-Plus study, we explored (1) the cross-sectional association between the adherence to the Prime Diet Quality Score (PDQS), an a priori-defined high-quality food pattern, and the prevalence of depressive symptoms at baseline (cross-sectional analysis) and (2) the prospective association of baseline PDQS with changes in depressive symptomatology after 2 years of follow-up. After exclusions, we assessed 6612 participants in the cross-sectional analysis and 5523 participants in the prospective analysis. An energy-adjusted high-quality dietary score (PDQS) was assessed using a validated FFQ. The cross-sectional association between PDQS and the prevalence of depression or presence of depressive symptoms and the prospective changes in depressive symptoms were evaluated through multivariable regression models (logistic and linear models and mixed linear-effects models). PDQS was inversely associated with depressive status in the cross-sectional analysis. Participants in the highest quintile of PDQS (Q5) showed a significantly reduced odds of depression prevalence as compared to participants in the lowest quartile of PDQS (Q1) (OR (95 %) CI = 0·82 (0·68, 0·98))). The baseline prevalence of depression decreased across PDQS quintiles (Pfor trend = 0·015). A statistically significant association between PDQS and changes in depressive symptoms after 2-years follow-up was found (β (95 %) CI = −0·67 z-score (–1·17, −0·18). A higher PDQS was cross-sectionally related to a lower depressive status. Nevertheless, the null finding in our prospective analysis raises the possibility of reverse causality. Further prospective investigation is required to ascertain the association between PDQS and changes in depressive symptoms along time.
CALIFA survey: The spatially resolved star formation history of massive galaxies
- Rosa González Delgado, Enrique Pérez, Roberto Cid Fernandes, Rubén García-Benito, André de Amorim, Sebastian F. Sánchez, Bernd Husemann, Rafael López Fernández, Clara Cortijo, Eduardo Lacerda, Damian Mast, the CALIFA collaboration
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- Journal:
- Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union / Volume 8 / Issue S295 / August 2012
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 17 July 2013, pp. 300-303
- Print publication:
- August 2012
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The Calar Alto Legacy Integral Field Area (CALIFA) project is an ongoing 3D spectroscopic survey of 600 nearby galaxies of all kinds. This pioneer survey is providing valuable clues on how galaxies form and evolve. Processed through spectral synthesis techniques, CALIFA datacubes allow us to, for the first time, spatially resolve the star formation history of galaxies spread across the color-magnitude diagram. The richness of this approach is already evident from the results obtained for the first ~ 1/6 of the sample. Here we show how the different galactic spatial sub-components (“bulge” and “disk”) grow their stellar mass over time. We explore the results stacking galaxies in mass bins, finding that, except at the lowest masses, galaxies grow inside-out, and that the growth rate depends on a galaxy's mass. The growth rate of inner and outer regions differ maximally at intermediate masses. We also find a good correlation between the age radial gradient and the stellar mass density, suggesting that the local density is a main driver of galaxy evolution.
Leishmania donovani: proteasome-mediated down-regulation of methionine adenosyltransferase
- YOLANDA PÉREZ-PERTEJO, RAQUEL ÁLVAREZ-VELILLA, CARLOS GARCÍA ESTRADA, RAFAEL BALAÑA-FOUCE, ROSA M. REGUERA
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- Parasitology / Volume 138 / Issue 9 / August 2011
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 03 August 2011, pp. 1082-1092
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Methionine adenosyltransferase (MAT) is an important enzyme for metabolic processes, to the extent that its product, S-adenosylmethionine (AdoMet), plays a key role in trans-methylation, trans-sulphuration and polyamine synthesis. Previous studies have shown that a MAT-overexpressing strain of Leishmania donovani controls AdoMet production, keeping the intracellular AdoMet concentration at levels that are compatible with cell survival. This unexpected result, together with the fact that MAT activity and abundance changed with time in culture, suggests that different regulatory mechanisms acting beyond the post-transcriptional level are controlling this protein. In order to gain an insight into these mechanisms, several experiments were carried out to explain the MAT abundance during promastigote cell growth. Determination of MAT turnover in cycloheximide (CHX)-treated cultures resulted in a surprising 5-fold increase in MAT turnover compared to CHX-untreated cultures. This increase agrees with a stabilization of the MAT protein, whose integrity was maintained during culture. The presence of proteasome inhibitors, namely MG-132, MG-115, epoxomycin and lactacystin in the culture medium prevented MAT degradation in both MAT-overexpressing and ‘mock-transfected’ leishmanial strains. The role of the ubiquitin (Ub) pathway in MAT down-regulation was supported using immunoprecipitation experiments. Immunoprecipitated MAT cross-reacted with anti-Ub antibodies, which provides evidence of a proteasome-mediated down-regulation of the leishmanial MAT abundance.
Genetic diversity in Anatolian wild grapes (Vitis vinifera subsp. sylvestris) estimated by SSR markers
- Ali Ergül, Gemma Perez-Rivera, Gökhan Söylemezoğlu, Kemal Kazan, Rosa Arroyo-Garcia
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- Plant Genetic Resources / Volume 9 / Issue 3 / August 2011
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 26 January 2011, pp. 375-383
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Anatolia (Asia Minor) is considered to be the cradle of viticulture, but wild grape accessions from this region have not been subjected to any genetic analysis. We present the first genetic characterization of wild grapes (Vitis vinifera subsp. sylvestris) from this region. Using 15 nuclear microsatellites, we genotyped 84 wild grape accessions collected from three Anatolian locations. The unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean analysis revealed four genetic clusters that partially separated Anatolian wild grape populations. In general, accessions from geographically closer locations showed higher genetic similarities than those from more distant locations. In some cases, accessions from one population showed close genetic relationships to accessions from a different population. The genetic diversity between natural populations from both ends of the Mediterranean basin has shown higher genetic diversity in the Anatolian Peninsula than peripheral populations, suggesting that this area could be one centre of diversity of the species. The genetic relationship between wild and cultivated grapevine from Anatolian Peninsula indicated a clear separation between them. However, we cannot discarded a local genetic contribution. Overall, this study reveals useful information for management and potential utilization of Anatolian wild grape germplasm.
Phase Stability of the Al-Cu-Co Decagonal Phase Under Conventional Solidification
- J.O. Téllez-Vázquez, C. Patiño-Carachure, A. Bedolla-Jacuinde, E. García-De León, R. Pérez, G. Rosas
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- MRS Online Proceedings Library Archive / Volume 1242 / 2009
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 01 February 2011, S4-P116
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- 2009
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Al65Cu15Co20 and Al67Cu13Co20 (% at.) alloys with composition near to the quasicrystalline decagonal phase was produced by melting in an induction furnace and solidified at room temperature. The structural characterization was carried out by X-ray diffraction (XRD), high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). For the structural model of decagonal quasicrsytals, it is important to know which crystalline phases have a structural relationship on the formation and decomposition of this type of phases. In the present investigation, the decagonal phase usually coexist with small amounts of the Al(Cu,Co) cubic phase of B2 type. Then, the quasicrystalline (QC) phase is outside of a single-phase region under equilibrium conditions at room temperature. DSC and TGA techniques showed the thermal stability of the alloy system up to 1000 °C.
Food, youth and the Mediterranean diet in Spain. Development of KIDMED, Mediterranean Diet Quality Index in children and adolescents
- Lluís Serra-Majem, Lourdes Ribas, Joy Ngo, Rosa M Ortega, Alicia García, Carmen Pérez-Rodrigo, Javier Aranceta
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- Public Health Nutrition / Volume 7 / Issue 7 / October 2004
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 02 January 2007, pp. 931-935
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Objective:
To evaluate dietary habits in Spanish children and adolescents based on a Mediterranean Diet Quality Index tool, which considers certain principles sustaining and challenging traditional healthy Mediterranean dietary patterns.
Design:Observational population-based cross-sectional study. A 16-item Mediterranean Diet Quality Index was included in data gathered for the EnKid study (in which two 24-hour recalls, a quantitative 169-item food-frequency questionnaire and a general questionnaire about socio-economic, demographic and lifestyle items were administered).
Setting:Spain.
Subjects:In total, 3850 children and youths aged 2–24 years residing in Spain.
Results:Of the sample, 4.2% showed very low KIDMED index results, 49.4% had intermediate values and 46.4% had high index results. Important geographical differences were seen, with subjects from the Northeast showing the most favourable outcomes (52% with elevated scores vs. 37.5% of those from the North). Lower percentages of high diet quality were observed in low socio-economic groups, compared with middle and upper income cohorts (42.8%, 47.6% and 54.9%, respectively). Large cities had more positive results and only slight variations were seen for gender and age.
Conclusions:The KIDMED index, the first to evaluate the adequacy of Mediterranean dietary patterns in children and youth, confirms that this collective is undergoing important changes, which makes them a priority target for nutrition interventions. Results challenge certain commonly perceived notions tied to income level, population size and diet quality.
Personal relatedness and attachment in infants of mothers with borderline personality disorder
- R. PETER HOBSON, MATTHEW PATRICK, LISA CRANDELL, ROSA GARCÍA–PÉREZ, ANTHONY LEE
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- Development and Psychopathology / Volume 17 / Issue 2 / June 2005
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 12 May 2005, pp. 329-347
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The principal aim of this study was to assess personal relatedness and attachment patterns in 12-month-old infants of mothers with borderline personality disorder (BPD). We also evaluated maternal intrusive insensitivity toward the infants in semistructured play. We videotaped 10 mother–infant dyads with borderline mothers and 22 dyads where the mothers were free from psychopathology, in three different settings: a modification of Winnicott's Set Situation in which infants faced an initially unresponsive (“still-face”) stranger, who subsequently tried to engage the infant in a game of give and take; the Strange Situation of Ainsworth and Wittig; and a situation in which mothers were requested to teach their infants to play with miniature figures and a toy train. In relation to a set of a priori predictions, the results revealed significant group differences as follows: (a) compared with control infants, toward the stranger the infants of mothers with BPD showed lower levels of “availability for positive engagement,” lower ratings of “behavior organization and mood state,” and a lower proportion of interpersonally directed looks that were positive; (b) in the Strange Situation, a higher proportion (8 out of 10) of infants of borderline mothers were categorized as Disorganized; and (c) in play, mothers with BPD were rated as more “intrusively insensitive” toward their infants. The results are discussed in relation to hypotheses concerning the interpersonal relations of women with BPD, and possible implications for their infants' development.
This research was generously supported by grants from the Winnicott Trust, the Hayward Foundation, and the Baily Thomas Charitable Fund, as well as by a Wellcome Fellowship to Matthew Patrick and an NIH Fellowship to Lisa Crandell. We also received support from the UK National Health R&D Budget. We are indebted to the mothers and infants who agreed to take part, Lynne Murray for inspiration and guidance, Lucy Chiemielski and Leezah Hertzmann for their help with ratings of videotapes, Betty Carlson and Alan Sroufe for their invaluable and very generous input, and Jessica Meyer for her helpful comments and suggestions.
The Giant HII Region NGC 2363
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- By Rosa González-Delgado, Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias, E-38200 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain, Enrique Pérez, Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias, E-38200 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain, Guillermo Tenorio-Tagle, Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias, E-38200 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain, José M. Víchez, Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias, E-38200 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain, Elena Terlevich, Royal Greenwich Observatory, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0EZ, UK, Roberto J. Terlevich, Royal Greenwich Observatory, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0EZ, UK, Eduardo Telles, Royal Greenwich Observatory, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0EZ, UK, José M. Rodríguez-Espinosa, Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias, E-38200 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain, Miguel Mas-Hesse, Laboratorio de Astrofísica Espacial y Física Fundamental (LAEFF), Apdo. 50727, 28080 Madrid, Spain, María Luisa García-Vargas, Depto. Física Teórica CIX, Universidad Autónoma, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Ángeles I. Díaz, Depto. Física Teórica CIX, Universidad Autónoma, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Jordi Cepa, Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias, E-38200 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain, Hector Castañeda, Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias, E-38200 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
- G. Tenorio-Tagle, Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias, Tenerife
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- Book:
- Violent Star Formation
- Published online:
- 10 November 2010
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- 22 September 1994, pp 117-122
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Summary
We present narrow-band Hα imaging and long-slit optical and near infrared spectroscopy of the giant HII region NGC 2363. We have found broad emission lines at 4686 Å and at 5810 Å attributed to WC stars at 6 arcsec to the East of the brightest core of the region. We confirm the existence of low-intensity broad components in Hα and [OIII] which extend some 500 pc. We have derived the physical conditions and chemical composition of the gas in 15 different zones in the region, and do not find significant variations in the abundances. The Paschen discontinuity has been found in emission. The Pa electron temperatures obtained are significantly smaller than those obtained from the [OIII] and [SIII] emission lines, indicating the presence of large temperature fluctuations.
Introduction
One of the targets of the GEFE programme is the giant HII region NGC 2363 located in the SW of the irregular galaxy NGC 2366. This is one of the largest extragalactic HII regions with high surface brightness. The object was observed in La Palma in narrow band Hα and long-slit spectrophotometry from [OII] λ3227 to [SIII] λ9532 at two positions, at the brighest core of the region (which we call knot A) and at 6 arcsec to the East (knot B).
Narrow-band images
The object was observed with the 1-m JKT telescope. We used a CCD with a spatial scale of 0.3 arcsec pixel−1.
The Prototype Starburst Galaxy NGC 7714: Physical Conditions of the Gas and the Stellar Populations
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- By Rosa González-Delgado, Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias, E-38200 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain, Enrique Pérez, Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias, E-38200 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain, María Luisa García-Vargas, Depto. Física Teórica CIX, Universidad Autónoma, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Elena Terlevich, Royal Greenwich Observatory, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0EZ, UK, Roberto J. Terlevich, Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias, E-38200 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain, José M. Víchez, Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias, E-38200 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
- G. Tenorio-Tagle, Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias, Tenerife
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- Book:
- Violent Star Formation
- Published online:
- 10 November 2010
- Print publication:
- 22 September 1994, pp 139-144
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Summary
We present narrow-band Hα imaging and long-slit optical and near-infrared spectroscopy of the starburst galaxy NGC 7714. We have detected WR stars in the starburst region, which indicate an age for the burst of between 3 and 5 Myr. We have obtained the physical condition of the gas in the starburst region and in three HII regions. These have moderately low abundances, while the nucleus has half solar abundance, with an overabundance of N.
Introduction
A typical starburst galaxy can be defined as a spiral galaxy with a bright nucleus bluer than expected for its morphological type, which emits strong narrow emission lines similar to low-ionization HII region spectra, as a consecuence of the photoionization by the ultraviolet radiation of hot stars, with typical Hα luminosities ranging from 1040 to 1042 erg s−1. During this intense recent burst of star formation between 107 and 1010 M⊙ of massive stars are formed within a radius of a few hundred pc about its nucleus.
NGC 7714, the prototype of the starburst (henceforth SB) galaxies (Weedman et al, 1981) and classified as a SBb peculiar, is in interaction with the irregular galaxy NGC 7715. The X-ray luminosity (6 1040 erg s−1) is explained with about 104 supernova remmants in a volume of 280 pc radius (Weedman et al. 1981). The 6-cm radio map shows a weak double radio structure separated by about 1 arcsec at p.a = 30°.