20 results
Stable Isotope Evolution of Volcanic Ash Layers During Diagenesis of the Miocene Monterey Formation, California
- J. S. Compton, M. E. Conrad, T. W. Vennemann
-
- Journal:
- Clays and Clay Minerals / Volume 47 / Issue 1 / February 1999
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 28 February 2024, pp. 84-95
-
- Article
- Export citation
-
The oxygen and hydrogen isotope compositions of volcanic ash layers from coastal outcrops of the Miocene Monterey Formation elucidate the progressive burial diagenesis of glass to bentonite and metabentonite. Volcanic glass that texturally appears unaltered is found to have δl8O and δD values that are significantly higher than fresh volcanic glasses. The positive shift in δ18O and δD values is proportional to the amount of hydration and chemical alteration of the glass samples. Initial hydration of the glass results in the exchange of Na for H; later hydration results in the loss of K and Fe in exchange for H and Na. The δ18O values of the most hydrated glass, and clay minerals from bentonite and metabentonite layers are approximately in equilibrium with slightly modified seawater. The δD values of the hydrated glass, and clay minerals from bentonite and metabentonite layers, are significantly depleted in D relative to seawater and suggest meteoric exchange associated with tectonic uplift and erosion in the Pliocene and Pleistocene. Smectite from bentonite layers has δ18O and δD values similar to the most hydrated glass samples, suggesting similar glass-water and smectite-water fractionation factors. Kaolinite and mixed-layered illite-smectite (I-S) altered from smectite have lower δ18O and higher δD values than their precursor. The δ18O and δD of nonvolcanic siliceous mudstones from the Pt. Arguello oil field show an unusual decrease in δD with increasing burial depth that probably reflects the presence of organic hydrogen in the analyzed samples as well as possible D-depleted formation waters from detrital illite-water and hydrocarbon-water exchange.
Novel recruitment approaches and operational results for a statewide population Cohort for cancer research: The Healthy Oregon Project
- Zhenzhen Zhang, Autumn Shafer, Katie Johnson-Camacho, Andrew Adey, Pavana Anur, Kim A. Brown, Casey Conrad, Rachel Crist, Paige E. Farris, Christina A. Harrington, Lisa K. Marriott, Asia Mitchell, Brian O’Roak, Vanessa Serrato, C. Sue Richards, Paul T. Spellman, Jackilen Shannon
-
- Journal:
- Journal of Clinical and Translational Science / Volume 8 / Issue 1 / 2024
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 19 January 2024, e32
-
- Article
-
- You have access Access
- Open access
- HTML
- Export citation
-
Background:
Cancer health research relies on large-scale cohorts to derive generalizable results for different populations. While traditional epidemiological cohorts often use costly random sampling or self-motivated, preselected groups, a shift toward health system-based cohorts has emerged. However, such cohorts depend on participants remaining within a single system. Recent consumer engagement models using smartphone-based communication, driving projects, and social media have begun to upend these paradigms.
Methods:We initiated the Healthy Oregon Project (HOP) to support basic and clinical cancer research. HOP study employs a novel, cost-effective remote recruitment approach to effectively establish a large-scale cohort for population-based studies. The recruitment leverages the unique email account, the HOP website, and social media platforms to direct smartphone users to the study app, which facilitates saliva sample collection and survey administration. Monthly newsletters further facilitate engagement and outreach to broader communities.
Results:By the end of 2022, the HOP has enrolled approximately 35,000 participants aged 18–100 years (median = 44.2 years), comprising more than 1% of the Oregon adult population. Among those who have app access, ∼87% provided consent to genetic screening. The HOP monthly email newsletters have an average open rate of 38%. Efforts continue to be made to improve survey response rates.
Conclusion:This study underscores the efficacy of remote recruitment approaches in establishing large-scale cohorts for population-based cancer studies. The implementation of the study facilitates the collection of extensive survey and biological data into a repository that can be broadly shared and supports collaborative clinical and translational research.
Nursing practice in mental health at family health strategy
- P. Amaral Mussumeci, N. De Almeida Nassif Rodrigues, B. Gerbassi Costa Aguiar, S. Maria do Amaral Chaves, W. Maria Antunes Ramos, T. Quinellato Louro, Y. Cristiane Ribeiro, D. Conrad, C. Baptista Pinto
-
- Journal:
- European Psychiatry / Volume 41 / Issue S1 / April 2017
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 23 March 2020, p. S602
-
- Article
-
- You have access Access
- Export citation
-
The nurse practice model at the family health strategy is characterized by direct involvement in the patient's health-disease recovery process, deconstruction of social stigma involving mental health disorders, and the restoration of patient autonomy their social ties. This descriptive study follows a qualitative approach to document and analyse practices performed by mental health nurses at the family health strategy (FHS) in Rio das Ostras, Brazil. The study identifies practices implemented by Mental Health Nurses at FHS and the nurses’ own reflection and analysis on these mental health practices. Data was collected through semi-structured interviews. All interviewed nurses had worked in the primary mental health care for at least one year at the FHS units in Rio das Ostras. Data was analysed, grouped, and coded according to two categories: 1) The nurses’ professional practices in mental health at the FHS, and 2) The nurses’ view on mental health practices at the FHS. Results show that the main activities in mental health at FHS involve working with the matricial team, continuing education, reception, home visits, referrals, therapeutic workshops and community therapy. Nurse perspectives on professional practices involve prevention, establishment of bonds with patient, and nurses’ training to deliver care to patients who are suffering. The bond with and care for the patient, family and community, is one of the FHS differentiators. In that vein, the study looks at the link between health care delivery, territory and population attended. The health care based on territoriality, allows increased patient and family confidence.
Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Backway or bust: causes and consequences of Gambian irregular migration
- Catherine T. Conrad Suso
-
- Journal:
- The Journal of Modern African Studies / Volume 57 / Issue 1 / March 2019
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 05 March 2019, pp. 111-135
- Print publication:
- March 2019
-
- Article
- Export citation
-
Gambian irregular migration is a phenomenon that is well known and discussed within this small African nation, yet little is understood of the deep personal and socio-cultural motives to embark on the perilous journey across the Sahara towards Europe. This paper explores the ambitions and capabilities of Gambians who embark on irregular migration, or the so-called ‘backway’.
45 Cognitive rehabilitation in neuro-oncology: Program development and evaluation
- NM Richard, WP Mason, D Shultz, N Laperriere, BA Millar, A Berlin, F Moraes, T Conrad, M Patel, C Maurice, M Bernstein, P Kongkham, G Zadeh, LJ Bernstein, K Edelstein
-
- Journal:
- Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences / Volume 45 / Issue S3 / June 2018
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 27 July 2018, p. S9
-
- Article
-
- You have access Access
- Export citation
-
Background: Brain tumors present unique challenges to patient and family quality of life (QOL). Cognitive dysfunction is common and functionally limiting, with no established treatments. These studies evaluate feasibility and preliminary efficacy of behavioral interventions developed for neuro-oncology patients. Study 1: A randomized controlled trial (N=25 primary brain tumor patients) compared an adapted version of Goal Management Training (GMT, a neuroscience-based integration of mindfulness and strategy training) and a newly-designed supportive psychoeducational intervention (Brain Health Program, BHP) to standard of care. Each intervention comprised 8 individual sessions and at-home practice between sessions. GMT patients’ executive functions improved immediately (p=.077, d=1.13), with maintenance at 4-month follow-up (p=.046, d=1.09). Both intervention groups reported improvements in everyday cognitive functioning immediately (p=.049; d’s GMT=0.43, BHP=0.79) and at follow-up (p=.001; d’s GMT=0.22, BHP=1.01). BHP patients also reported improved mood (p’s=.026 & .012, d’s=0.61 & 0.62). Study 2: Following a needs assessment about cognitive concerns and QOL in brain metastases patients (N=109) and caregivers (N=31), we developed a novel, brief (3 sessions + homework) Cognitive Support Program to provide education and strategy-training in key areas of concern: executive functions, memory, and communication. Options include caregiver co-training, and in-person or web-based delivery. Preliminary data from a pilot trial in progress demonstrate objective and subjective improvements. Conclusions: Cognitive rehabilitation may be a feasible and effective option for primary or metastatic brain tumor patients, addressing a need that is largely unmet in standard cancer care. Further development and larger trials appear warranted, with capacity for remote delivery recommended.
Fossil leaf economics quantified: calibration, Eocene case study, and implications
- Dana L. Royer, Lawren Sack, Peter Wilf, Bárbara Cariglino, Christopher H. Lusk, Ian J. Wright, Mark Westoby, Gregory J. Jordan, Ülo Niinemets, Phyllis D. Coley, Asher D. Cutter, Conrad C. Labandeira, Matthew B. Palmer, Kirk R. Johnson, Angela T. Moles, Fernando Valladares
-
- Journal:
- Paleobiology / Volume 33 / Issue 4 / Fall 2007
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 08 April 2016, pp. 574-589
-
- Article
- Export citation
-
Leaf mass per area (MA) is a central ecological trait that is intercorrelated with leaf life span, photosynthetic rate, nutrient concentration, and palatability to herbivores. These coordinated variables form a globally convergent leaf economics spectrum, which represents a general continuum running from rapid resource acquisition to maximized resource retention. Leaf economics are little studied in ancient ecosystems because they cannot be directly measured from leaf fossils. Here we use a large extant data set (65 sites; 667 species-site pairs) to develop a new, easily measured scaling relationship between petiole width and leaf mass, normalized for leaf area; this enables MA estimation for fossil leaves from petiole width and leaf area, two variables that are commonly measurable in leaf compression floras. The calibration data are restricted to woody angiosperms exclusive of monocots, but a preliminary data set (25 species) suggests that broad-leaved gymnosperms exhibit a similar scaling. Application to two well-studied, classic Eocene floras demonstrates that MA can be quantified in fossil assemblages. First, our results are consistent with predictions from paleobotanical and paleoclimatic studies of these floras. We found exclusively low-MA species from Republic (Washington, U.S.A., 49 Ma), a humid, warm-temperate flora with a strong deciduous component among the angiosperms, and a wide MA range in a seasonally dry, warm-temperate flora from the Green River Formation at Bonanza (Utah, U.S.A., 47 Ma), presumed to comprise a mix of short and long leaf life spans. Second, reconstructed MA in the fossil species is negatively correlated with levels of insect herbivory, whether measured as the proportion of leaves with insect damage, the proportion of leaf area removed by herbivores, or the diversity of insect-damage morphotypes. These correlations are consistent with herbivory observations in extant floras and they reflect fundamental trade-offs in plant-herbivore associations. Our results indicate that several key aspects of plant and plant-animal ecology can now be quantified in the fossil record and demonstrate that herbivory has helped shape the evolution of leaf structure for millions of years.
Contributors
-
- By Naif Al-Hathal, Kenneth I. Aston, Marc A. Beal, Lars Björndahl, Jens Peter Bonde, William O. Brant, Douglas T. Carrell, Chiara Chianese, Donald F. Conrad, Simon L. Conti, Jessie Dorais, Michael L. Eisenberg, Harry Fisch, John R. Gannon, Aleksander Giwercman, Ahmad O. Hammoud, David Iles, Csilla Krausz, Oumar Kuzbari, Cristina Joana Marques, David Miller, Jeremy B. Myers, Queenie V. Neri, Gianpiero D. Palermo, Zev Rosenwaks, Denny Sakkas, Heide Schatten, Christopher M. Somers, Mário Sousa, Qing-Yuan Sun, Armand Zini
- Edited by Douglas T. Carrell
-
- Book:
- Paternal Influences on Human Reproductive Success
- Published online:
- 05 April 2013
- Print publication:
- 11 April 2013, pp ix-x
-
- Chapter
- Export citation
Contributors
-
- By Alex Abou-Chebl, Andrei V. Alexandrov, Carlos E. Baccin, Deepak L. Bhatt, Kirk Conrad, Steve M. Cordina, Randall C. Edgell, Mustapha A. Ezzeddine, Matthew D. Ford, Alexandros L. Georgiadis, Camilo R. Gomez, Nancy Gruell, Stephen J. Haines, Ameer E. Hassan, L. Nelson Hopkins, Haitham H. Hussein, Tudor G. Jovin, Stanley H. Kim, Osman Kozak, Giuseppe Lanzino, Alberto Maud, Muhammad Z. Memon, Jefferson T. Miley, Herbert B. Newton, Thanh N. Nguyen, YihLin Nien, Raul G. Nogueira, Alexander M. Norbash, Anant I. Patel, Edgard Pereira, Johnny C. Pryor, Rabia Qaiser, Adnan I. Qureshi, Mushtaq H. Qureshi, Jean Raymond, José Rafael Romero, Daniel Roy, Qaisar A. Shah, Farhan Siddiq, Amit Singla, David A. Steinman, Dorothea Strozyk, Jose I. Suarez, M. Fareed K. Suri, Nauman Tariq, Robert A. Taylor, Georgios Tsivgoulis, Young J. Yu, Haralabos Zacharatos
- Edited by Adnan I. Qureshi, University of Minnesota
- Edited in association with Alexandros L. Georgiadis, University of Minnesota
-
- Book:
- Textbook of Interventional Neurology
- Published online:
- 01 June 2011
- Print publication:
- 14 April 2011, pp vi-x
-
- Chapter
- Export citation
Contributors
-
- By Rose Teteki Abbey, K. C. Abraham, David Tuesday Adamo, LeRoy H. Aden, Efrain Agosto, Victor Aguilan, Gillian T. W. Ahlgren, Charanjit Kaur AjitSingh, Dorothy B E A Akoto, Giuseppe Alberigo, Daniel E. Albrecht, Ruth Albrecht, Daniel O. Aleshire, Urs Altermatt, Anand Amaladass, Michael Amaladoss, James N. Amanze, Lesley G. Anderson, Thomas C. Anderson, Victor Anderson, Hope S. Antone, María Pilar Aquino, Paula Arai, Victorio Araya Guillén, S. Wesley Ariarajah, Ellen T. Armour, Brett Gregory Armstrong, Atsuhiro Asano, Naim Stifan Ateek, Mahmoud Ayoub, John Alembillah Azumah, Mercedes L. García Bachmann, Irena Backus, J. Wayne Baker, Mieke Bal, Lewis V. Baldwin, William Barbieri, António Barbosa da Silva, David Basinger, Bolaji Olukemi Bateye, Oswald Bayer, Daniel H. Bays, Rosalie Beck, Nancy Elizabeth Bedford, Guy-Thomas Bedouelle, Chorbishop Seely Beggiani, Wolfgang Behringer, Christopher M. Bellitto, Byard Bennett, Harold V. Bennett, Teresa Berger, Miguel A. Bernad, Henley Bernard, Alan E. Bernstein, Jon L. Berquist, Johannes Beutler, Ana María Bidegain, Matthew P. Binkewicz, Jennifer Bird, Joseph Blenkinsopp, Dmytro Bondarenko, Paulo Bonfatti, Riet en Pim Bons-Storm, Jessica A. Boon, Marcus J. Borg, Mark Bosco, Peter C. Bouteneff, François Bovon, William D. Bowman, Paul S. Boyer, David Brakke, Richard E. Brantley, Marcus Braybrooke, Ian Breward, Ênio José da Costa Brito, Jewel Spears Brooker, Johannes Brosseder, Nicholas Canfield Read Brown, Robert F. Brown, Pamela K. Brubaker, Walter Brueggemann, Bishop Colin O. Buchanan, Stanley M. Burgess, Amy Nelson Burnett, J. Patout Burns, David B. Burrell, David Buttrick, James P. Byrd, Lavinia Byrne, Gerado Caetano, Marcos Caldas, Alkiviadis Calivas, William J. Callahan, Salvatore Calomino, Euan K. Cameron, William S. Campbell, Marcelo Ayres Camurça, Daniel F. Caner, Paul E. Capetz, Carlos F. Cardoza-Orlandi, Patrick W. Carey, Barbara Carvill, Hal Cauthron, Subhadra Mitra Channa, Mark D. Chapman, James H. Charlesworth, Kenneth R. Chase, Chen Zemin, Luciano Chianeque, Philip Chia Phin Yin, Francisca H. Chimhanda, Daniel Chiquete, John T. Chirban, Soobin Choi, Robert Choquette, Mita Choudhury, Gerald Christianson, John Chryssavgis, Sejong Chun, Esther Chung-Kim, Charles M. A. Clark, Elizabeth A. Clark, Sathianathan Clarke, Fred Cloud, John B. Cobb, W. Owen Cole, John A Coleman, John J. Collins, Sylvia Collins-Mayo, Paul K. Conkin, Beth A. Conklin, Sean Connolly, Demetrios J. Constantelos, Michael A. Conway, Paula M. Cooey, Austin Cooper, Michael L. Cooper-White, Pamela Cooper-White, L. William Countryman, Sérgio Coutinho, Pamela Couture, Shannon Craigo-Snell, James L. Crenshaw, David Crowner, Humberto Horacio Cucchetti, Lawrence S. Cunningham, Elizabeth Mason Currier, Emmanuel Cutrone, Mary L. Daniel, David D. Daniels, Robert Darden, Rolf Darge, Isaiah Dau, Jeffry C. Davis, Jane Dawson, Valentin Dedji, John W. de Gruchy, Paul DeHart, Wendy J. Deichmann Edwards, Miguel A. De La Torre, George E. Demacopoulos, Thomas de Mayo, Leah DeVun, Beatriz de Vasconcellos Dias, Dennis C. Dickerson, John M. Dillon, Luis Miguel Donatello, Igor Dorfmann-Lazarev, Susanna Drake, Jonathan A. Draper, N. Dreher Martin, Otto Dreydoppel, Angelyn Dries, A. J. Droge, Francis X. D'Sa, Marilyn Dunn, Nicole Wilkinson Duran, Rifaat Ebied, Mark J. Edwards, William H. Edwards, Leonard H. Ehrlich, Nancy L. Eiesland, Martin Elbel, J. Harold Ellens, Stephen Ellingson, Marvin M. Ellison, Robert Ellsberg, Jean Bethke Elshtain, Eldon Jay Epp, Peter C. Erb, Tassilo Erhardt, Maria Erling, Noel Leo Erskine, Gillian R. Evans, Virginia Fabella, Michael A. Fahey, Edward Farley, Margaret A. Farley, Wendy Farley, Robert Fastiggi, Seena Fazel, Duncan S. Ferguson, Helwar Figueroa, Paul Corby Finney, Kyriaki Karidoyanes FitzGerald, Thomas E. FitzGerald, John R. Fitzmier, Marie Therese Flanagan, Sabina Flanagan, Claude Flipo, Ronald B. Flowers, Carole Fontaine, David Ford, Mary Ford, Stephanie A. Ford, Jim Forest, William Franke, Robert M. Franklin, Ruth Franzén, Edward H. Friedman, Samuel Frouisou, Lorelei F. Fuchs, Jojo M. Fung, Inger Furseth, Richard R. Gaillardetz, Brandon Gallaher, China Galland, Mark Galli, Ismael García, Tharscisse Gatwa, Jean-Marie Gaudeul, Luis María Gavilanes del Castillo, Pavel L. Gavrilyuk, Volney P. Gay, Metropolitan Athanasios Geevargis, Kondothra M. George, Mary Gerhart, Simon Gikandi, Maurice Gilbert, Michael J. Gillgannon, Verónica Giménez Beliveau, Terryl Givens, Beth Glazier-McDonald, Philip Gleason, Menghun Goh, Brian Golding, Bishop Hilario M. Gomez, Michelle A. Gonzalez, Donald K. Gorrell, Roy Gottfried, Tamara Grdzelidze, Joel B. Green, Niels Henrik Gregersen, Cristina Grenholm, Herbert Griffiths, Eric W. Gritsch, Erich S. Gruen, Christoffer H. Grundmann, Paul H. Gundani, Jon P. Gunnemann, Petre Guran, Vidar L. Haanes, Jeremiah M. Hackett, Getatchew Haile, Douglas John Hall, Nicholas Hammond, Daphne Hampson, Jehu J. Hanciles, Barry Hankins, Jennifer Haraguchi, Stanley S. Harakas, Anthony John Harding, Conrad L. Harkins, J. William Harmless, Marjory Harper, Amir Harrak, Joel F. Harrington, Mark W. Harris, Susan Ashbrook Harvey, Van A. Harvey, R. Chris Hassel, Jione Havea, Daniel Hawk, Diana L. Hayes, Leslie Hayes, Priscilla Hayner, S. Mark Heim, Simo Heininen, Richard P. Heitzenrater, Eila Helander, David Hempton, Scott H. Hendrix, Jan-Olav Henriksen, Gina Hens-Piazza, Carter Heyward, Nicholas J. Higham, David Hilliard, Norman A. Hjelm, Peter C. Hodgson, Arthur Holder, M. Jan Holton, Dwight N. Hopkins, Ronnie Po-chia Hsia, Po-Ho Huang, James Hudnut-Beumler, Jennifer S. Hughes, Leonard M. Hummel, Mary E. Hunt, Laennec Hurbon, Mark Hutchinson, Susan E. Hylen, Mary Beth Ingham, H. Larry Ingle, Dale T. Irvin, Jon Isaak, Paul John Isaak, Ada María Isasi-Díaz, Hans Raun Iversen, Margaret C. Jacob, Arthur James, Maria Jansdotter-Samuelsson, David Jasper, Werner G. Jeanrond, Renée Jeffery, David Lyle Jeffrey, Theodore W. Jennings, David H. Jensen, Robin Margaret Jensen, David Jobling, Dale A. Johnson, Elizabeth A. Johnson, Maxwell E. Johnson, Sarah Johnson, Mark D. Johnston, F. Stanley Jones, James William Jones, John R. Jones, Alissa Jones Nelson, Inge Jonsson, Jan Joosten, Elizabeth Judd, Mulambya Peggy Kabonde, Robert Kaggwa, Sylvester Kahakwa, Isaac Kalimi, Ogbu U. Kalu, Eunice Kamaara, Wayne C. Kannaday, Musimbi Kanyoro, Veli-Matti Kärkkäinen, Frank Kaufmann, Léon Nguapitshi Kayongo, Richard Kearney, Alice A. Keefe, Ralph Keen, Catherine Keller, Anthony J. Kelly, Karen Kennelly, Kathi Lynn Kern, Fergus Kerr, Edward Kessler, George Kilcourse, Heup Young Kim, Kim Sung-Hae, Kim Yong-Bock, Kim Yung Suk, Richard King, Thomas M. King, Robert M. Kingdon, Ross Kinsler, Hans G. Kippenberg, Cheryl A. Kirk-Duggan, Clifton Kirkpatrick, Leonid Kishkovsky, Nadieszda Kizenko, Jeffrey Klaiber, Hans-Josef Klauck, Sidney Knight, Samuel Kobia, Robert Kolb, Karla Ann Koll, Heikki Kotila, Donald Kraybill, Philip D. W. Krey, Yves Krumenacker, Jeffrey Kah-Jin Kuan, Simanga R. Kumalo, Peter Kuzmic, Simon Shui-Man Kwan, Kwok Pui-lan, André LaCocque, Stephen E. Lahey, John Tsz Pang Lai, Emiel Lamberts, Armando Lampe, Craig Lampe, Beverly J. Lanzetta, Eve LaPlante, Lizette Larson-Miller, Ariel Bybee Laughton, Leonard Lawlor, Bentley Layton, Robin A. Leaver, Karen Lebacqz, Archie Chi Chung Lee, Marilyn J. Legge, Hervé LeGrand, D. L. LeMahieu, Raymond Lemieux, Bill J. Leonard, Ellen M. Leonard, Outi Leppä, Jean Lesaulnier, Nantawan Boonprasat Lewis, Henrietta Leyser, Alexei Lidov, Bernard Lightman, Paul Chang-Ha Lim, Carter Lindberg, Mark R. Lindsay, James R. Linville, James C. Livingston, Ann Loades, David Loades, Jean-Claude Loba-Mkole, Lo Lung Kwong, Wati Longchar, Eleazar López, David W. Lotz, Andrew Louth, Robin W. Lovin, William Luis, Frank D. Macchia, Diarmaid N. J. MacCulloch, Kirk R. MacGregor, Marjory A. MacLean, Donald MacLeod, Tomas S. Maddela, Inge Mager, Laurenti Magesa, David G. Maillu, Fortunato Mallimaci, Philip Mamalakis, Kä Mana, Ukachukwu Chris Manus, Herbert Robinson Marbury, Reuel Norman Marigza, Jacqueline Mariña, Antti Marjanen, Luiz C. L. Marques, Madipoane Masenya (ngwan'a Mphahlele), Caleb J. D. Maskell, Steve Mason, Thomas Massaro, Fernando Matamoros Ponce, András Máté-Tóth, Odair Pedroso Mateus, Dinis Matsolo, Fumitaka Matsuoka, John D'Arcy May, Yelena Mazour-Matusevich, Theodore Mbazumutima, John S. McClure, Christian McConnell, Lee Martin McDonald, Gary B. McGee, Thomas McGowan, Alister E. McGrath, Richard J. McGregor, John A. McGuckin, Maud Burnett McInerney, Elsie Anne McKee, Mary B. McKinley, James F. McMillan, Ernan McMullin, Kathleen E. McVey, M. Douglas Meeks, Monica Jyotsna Melanchthon, Ilie Melniciuc-Puica, Everett Mendoza, Raymond A. Mentzer, William W. Menzies, Ina Merdjanova, Franziska Metzger, Constant J. Mews, Marvin Meyer, Carol Meyers, Vasile Mihoc, Gunner Bjerg Mikkelsen, Maria Inêz de Castro Millen, Clyde Lee Miller, Bonnie J. Miller-McLemore, Alexander Mirkovic, Paul Misner, Nozomu Miyahira, R. W. L. Moberly, Gerald Moede, Aloo Osotsi Mojola, Sunanda Mongia, Rebeca Montemayor, James Moore, Roger E. Moore, Craig E. Morrison O.Carm, Jeffry H. Morrison, Keith Morrison, Wilson J. Moses, Tefetso Henry Mothibe, Mokgethi Motlhabi, Fulata Moyo, Henry Mugabe, Jesse Ndwiga Kanyua Mugambi, Peggy Mulambya-Kabonde, Robert Bruce Mullin, Pamela Mullins Reaves, Saskia Murk Jansen, Heleen L. Murre-Van den Berg, Augustine Musopole, Isaac M. T. Mwase, Philomena Mwaura, Cecilia Nahnfeldt, Anne Nasimiyu Wasike, Carmiña Navia Velasco, Thulani Ndlazi, Alexander Negrov, James B. Nelson, David G. Newcombe, Carol Newsom, Helen J. Nicholson, George W. E. Nickelsburg, Tatyana Nikolskaya, Damayanthi M. A. Niles, Bertil Nilsson, Nyambura Njoroge, Fidelis Nkomazana, Mary Beth Norton, Christian Nottmeier, Sonene Nyawo, Anthère Nzabatsinda, Edward T. Oakes, Gerald O'Collins, Daniel O'Connell, David W. Odell-Scott, Mercy Amba Oduyoye, Kathleen O'Grady, Oyeronke Olajubu, Thomas O'Loughlin, Dennis T. Olson, J. Steven O'Malley, Cephas N. Omenyo, Muriel Orevillo-Montenegro, César Augusto Ornellas Ramos, Agbonkhianmeghe E. Orobator, Kenan B. Osborne, Carolyn Osiek, Javier Otaola Montagne, Douglas F. Ottati, Anna May Say Pa, Irina Paert, Jerry G. Pankhurst, Aristotle Papanikolaou, Samuele F. Pardini, Stefano Parenti, Peter Paris, Sung Bae Park, Cristián G. Parker, Raquel Pastor, Joseph Pathrapankal, Daniel Patte, W. Brown Patterson, Clive Pearson, Keith F. Pecklers, Nancy Cardoso Pereira, David Horace Perkins, Pheme Perkins, Edward N. Peters, Rebecca Todd Peters, Bishop Yeznik Petrossian, Raymond Pfister, Peter C. Phan, Isabel Apawo Phiri, William S. F. Pickering, Derrick G. Pitard, William Elvis Plata, Zlatko Plese, John Plummer, James Newton Poling, Ronald Popivchak, Andrew Porter, Ute Possekel, James M. Powell, Enos Das Pradhan, Devadasan Premnath, Jaime Adrían Prieto Valladares, Anne Primavesi, Randall Prior, María Alicia Puente Lutteroth, Eduardo Guzmão Quadros, Albert Rabil, Laurent William Ramambason, Apolonio M. Ranche, Vololona Randriamanantena Andriamitandrina, Lawrence R. Rast, Paul L. Redditt, Adele Reinhartz, Rolf Rendtorff, Pål Repstad, James N. Rhodes, John K. Riches, Joerg Rieger, Sharon H. Ringe, Sandra Rios, Tyler Roberts, David M. Robinson, James M. Robinson, Joanne Maguire Robinson, Richard A. H. Robinson, Roy R. Robson, Jack B. Rogers, Maria Roginska, Sidney Rooy, Rev. Garnett Roper, Maria José Fontelas Rosado-Nunes, Andrew C. Ross, Stefan Rossbach, François Rossier, John D. Roth, John K. Roth, Phillip Rothwell, Richard E. Rubenstein, Rosemary Radford Ruether, Markku Ruotsila, John E. Rybolt, Risto Saarinen, John Saillant, Juan Sanchez, Wagner Lopes Sanchez, Hugo N. Santos, Gerhard Sauter, Gloria L. Schaab, Sandra M. Schneiders, Quentin J. Schultze, Fernando F. Segovia, Turid Karlsen Seim, Carsten Selch Jensen, Alan P. F. Sell, Frank C. Senn, Kent Davis Sensenig, Damían Setton, Bal Krishna Sharma, Carolyn J. Sharp, Thomas Sheehan, N. Gerald Shenk, Christian Sheppard, Charles Sherlock, Tabona Shoko, Walter B. Shurden, Marguerite Shuster, B. Mark Sietsema, Batara Sihombing, Neil Silberman, Clodomiro Siller, Samuel Silva-Gotay, Heikki Silvet, John K. Simmons, Hagith Sivan, James C. Skedros, Abraham Smith, Ashley A. Smith, Ted A. Smith, Daud Soesilo, Pia Søltoft, Choan-Seng (C. S.) Song, Kathryn Spink, Bryan Spinks, Eric O. Springsted, Nicolas Standaert, Brian Stanley, Glen H. Stassen, Karel Steenbrink, Stephen J. Stein, Andrea Sterk, Gregory E. Sterling, Columba Stewart, Jacques Stewart, Robert B. Stewart, Cynthia Stokes Brown, Ken Stone, Anne Stott, Elizabeth Stuart, Monya Stubbs, Marjorie Hewitt Suchocki, David Kwang-sun Suh, Scott W. Sunquist, Keith Suter, Douglas Sweeney, Charles H. Talbert, Shawqi N. Talia, Elsa Tamez, Joseph B. Tamney, Jonathan Y. Tan, Yak-Hwee Tan, Kathryn Tanner, Feiya Tao, Elizabeth S. Tapia, Aquiline Tarimo, Claire Taylor, Mark Lewis Taylor, Bishop Abba Samuel Wolde Tekestebirhan, Eugene TeSelle, M. Thomas Thangaraj, David R. Thomas, Andrew Thornley, Scott Thumma, Marcelo Timotheo da Costa, George E. “Tink” Tinker, Ola Tjørhom, Karen Jo Torjesen, Iain R. Torrance, Fernando Torres-Londoño, Archbishop Demetrios [Trakatellis], Marit Trelstad, Christine Trevett, Phyllis Trible, Johannes Tromp, Paul Turner, Robert G. Tuttle, Archbishop Desmond Tutu, Peter Tyler, Anders Tyrberg, Justin Ukpong, Javier Ulloa, Camillus Umoh, Kristi Upson-Saia, Martina Urban, Monica Uribe, Elochukwu Eugene Uzukwu, Richard Vaggione, Gabriel Vahanian, Paul Valliere, T. J. Van Bavel, Steven Vanderputten, Peter Van der Veer, Huub Van de Sandt, Louis Van Tongeren, Luke A. Veronis, Noel Villalba, Ramón Vinke, Tim Vivian, David Voas, Elena Volkova, Katharina von Kellenbach, Elina Vuola, Timothy Wadkins, Elaine M. Wainwright, Randi Jones Walker, Dewey D. Wallace, Jerry Walls, Michael J. Walsh, Philip Walters, Janet Walton, Jonathan L. Walton, Wang Xiaochao, Patricia A. Ward, David Harrington Watt, Herold D. Weiss, Laurence L. Welborn, Sharon D. Welch, Timothy Wengert, Traci C. West, Merold Westphal, David Wetherell, Barbara Wheeler, Carolinne White, Jean-Paul Wiest, Frans Wijsen, Terry L. Wilder, Felix Wilfred, Rebecca Wilkin, Daniel H. Williams, D. Newell Williams, Michael A. Williams, Vincent L. Wimbush, Gabriele Winkler, Anders Winroth, Lauri Emílio Wirth, James A. Wiseman, Ebba Witt-Brattström, Teofil Wojciechowski, John Wolffe, Kenman L. Wong, Wong Wai Ching, Linda Woodhead, Wendy M. Wright, Rose Wu, Keith E. Yandell, Gale A. Yee, Viktor Yelensky, Yeo Khiok-Khng, Gustav K. K. Yeung, Angela Yiu, Amos Yong, Yong Ting Jin, You Bin, Youhanna Nessim Youssef, Eliana Yunes, Robert Michael Zaller, Valarie H. Ziegler, Barbara Brown Zikmund, Joyce Ann Zimmerman, Aurora Zlotnik, Zhuo Xinping
- Edited by Daniel Patte, Vanderbilt University, Tennessee
-
- Book:
- The Cambridge Dictionary of Christianity
- Published online:
- 05 August 2012
- Print publication:
- 20 September 2010, pp xi-xliv
-
- Chapter
- Export citation
Characterization of buffalo-derived theilerial parasites with monoclonal antibodies and DNA probes
- P. A. Conrad, O. K. Ole-Moiyoi, C. L. Baldwin, T. T. Dolan, C. J. O'Callaghan, R. E. G. Njamunggehr, J. G. Grootenhuis, D. A. Stagg, B. L. Leitch, A. S. Young
-
- Journal:
- Parasitology / Volume 98 / Issue 2 / April 1989
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 06 April 2009, pp. 179-188
-
- Article
- Export citation
-
The characteristics of intra-lymphocytic Theileria isolated from African buffalo and from cattle that were infected with buffalo-derived parasites were evaluated using anti-schizont monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) and DNA probes. Antigenic differences were revealed by the reactivities of 27 mAbs with the buffalo-derived parasites isolated from different animals. Antigenic diversity was also seen with Theileria-infected lymphoblastoid cell isolates taken from the lymph nodes and blood of the same animals. Two DNA probes, selected from a genomic library of T. parva piroplasm DNA cloned in λgt11, showed specific hybridization to parasite DNA in Southern blots of restriction enzyme-digested, lymphoblastoid cells infected with buffalo-derived theilerial parasites. Genotypic differences between the buffalo-derived parasites were revealed by the restriction fragment length polymorphisms seen with hybridization of those probes to DNA from cloned and uncloned Theileria-infected cell lines. The evaluation of theilerial parasites derived from buffalo and from cattle which underwent typical T. p. lawrencei reactions, after being infected with buffalo-derived theilerial parasites, did not show any specific phenotypic or genotypic characteristics of these parasites that would distinguish them from T. p. parva and T. p. bovis parasites. The validity of these subspecies distinctions is discussed.
Infection of bovine T cell clones with genotypically distinct Theileria parva parasites and analysis of their cell surface phenotype
- P. A. Conrad, C. L. Baldwin, W. C. Brown, B. Sohanpal, T. T. Dolan, B. M. Goddeeris, J. C. Demartini, O. K. Ole-Moiyoi
-
- Journal:
- Parasitology / Volume 99 / Issue 2 / October 1989
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 06 April 2009, pp. 205-213
-
- Article
- Export citation
-
Different stocks and stabilates within a stock of Theileriaparva were analysed for genotypic differences and for their effect on the expression of host cell surface antigens following infection of BoT8+ T lymphocyte clones. The parasites were characterized in vitro by hybridization of T. parva- specific DNA probes to Southern blots of endonuclease-digested DNA from the infected T cell clones. Phenotypic changes in the host lymphoblastoid cells before and after infection were examined using lineage-specific monoclonal antibodies which reacted with the differentiation antigens BoT2, BoT4, Bo6, BoT8 and a null cell marker on bovine T cells. Expression of Class I and Class II major histocompatibility complex (MHC) antigens on the cell populations was also assessed. Results of this study indicate that genotypically different parasites exist among and within T. parva stabilates and that the expression of Bo6, BoT8 and the null cell marker was differentially altered by infection with parasites from different stocks or from different stabilates of the same stock. Expression of Class II antigens was significantly increased after infection. Moreover, clones that were derived from the same cell line but had genotypically distinct T. parva parasites, also showed differences in expression of Bo6 and BoT8 and the null cell marker.
Contributors
-
- By Hideki Azuma, Susan Mary Benbow, Bettina Heike Bewernick, T. K. Birkenhäger, Hal Blumenfeld, Tom G. Bolwig, Stanley N. Caroff, Sidney S. Chang, Pinhas N. Dannon, Renana Eitan, Alan R. Felthous, Felipe Fregni, Gabor Gazdag, Nataliya Giagou, Mustafa M. Husain, Charles H. Kellner, Barry Alan Kramer, Galit Landshut, James Stuart Lawson, Bernard Lerer, Jerry Lewis, Dongchen Li, Colleen Loo, Michelle Magid, Stephan C. Mann, Limore Maron, W. Vaughn McCall, Shawn M. McClintock, Niall McCrae, Andrew McDonald, Nikolaus Michael, Paul S. Mueller, Alexander I. Nelson, Unnati D. Patel, Kathy Peng, Keith G. Rasmussen, William H. Reid, Joseph M. Rey, Barbara M. Rohland, Marina Odebrecht Rosa, Moacyr Alexandro Rosa, Oded Rosenberg, Peter B. Rosenquist, Thomas E. Schläpfer, Edward Shorter, Pascal Sienaert, Conrad M. Swartz, Kenneth Trevino, Gabor S. Ungvari, Walter W. van den Broek, Garry Walter, Julie A. Williams
- Edited by Conrad M. Swartz
-
- Book:
- Electroconvulsive and Neuromodulation Therapies
- Published online:
- 15 July 2009
- Print publication:
- 02 March 2009, pp ix-xiv
-
- Chapter
- Export citation
Physics and Results from the AMANDA-II High Energy Neutrino Telescope
- Steven W. Barwick, the AMANDA Collaboration, J. Ahrens, X. Bai, S. W. Barwick, T. Becka, K.-H. Becker, E. Bernardini, D. Bertrand, F. Binon, A. Biron, S. Böser, O. Botner, O. Bouhali, T. Burgess, S. Carius, T. Castermans, D. Chirkin, J. Conrad, J. Cooley, D. F. Cowen, A. Davour, C. De Clercq, T. DeYoung, P. Desiati, J.-P. Dewulf, P. Doksus, P. Ekström, T. Feser, T. K. Gaisser, R. Ganupati, M. Gaug, H. Geenen, L. Gerhardt, A. Goldschmidt, A. Hallgren, F. Halzen, K. Hanson, R. Hardtke, T. Hauschildt, M. Hellwig, P. Herquet, G. C. Hill, P. O. Hulth, K. Hultqvist, S. Hundertmark, J. Jacobsen, A. Karle, L. Köpke, M. Kowalski, K. Kuehn, J. I. Lamoureux, H. Leich, M. Leuthold, P. Lindahl, J. Madsen, K. Mandli, P. Marciniewski, H. S. Matis, C. P. McParland, T. Messarius, Y. Minaeva, P. Miočinović, R. Morse, R. Nahnhauer, T. Neunhöffer, P. Niessen, D. R. Nygren, H. Ogelman, Ph. Olbrechts, C. Pérez de Los Heros, A. C. Pohl, P. B. Price, G. T. Przybylski, K. Rawlins, E. Resconi, W. Rhode, M. Ribordy, S. Richter, J. Rodríguez Martino, D. Ross, H.-G. Sander, K. Schinarakis, T. Schmidt, D. Schneider, R. Schwarz, A. Silvestri, M. Solarz, G. M. Spiczak, C. Spiering, D. Steele, P. Steffen, R. G. Stokstad, P. Sudhoff, K.-H. Sulanke, I. Taboada, L. Thollander, S. Tilav, W. Wagner, C. Walck, C. H. Wiebusch, C. Wiedemann, R. Wischnewski, H. Wissing, K. Woschnagg, G. Yodh, S. Young
-
- Journal:
- Symposium - International Astronomical Union / Volume 214 / 2003
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 26 May 2016, pp. 357-371
- Print publication:
- 2003
-
- Article
-
- You have access Access
- Export citation
-
This paper briefly describes the principle of operation and science goals of the AMANDA high energy neutrino telescope located at the South Pole, Antarctica. Results from an earlier phase of the telescope, called AMANDA-BIO, demonstrate both reliable operation and the broad astrophysical reach of this device, which includes searches for a variety of sources of ultrahigh energy neutrinos: generic point sources, Gamma-Ray Bursts and diffuse sources. The predicted sensitivity and angular resolution of the telescope were confirmed by studies of atmospheric muon and neutrino backgrounds. We also report on the status of the analysis from AMANDA-II, a larger version with far greater capabilities. At this stage of analysis, details of the ice properties and other systematic uncertainties of the AMANDA-II telescope are under study, but we have made progress toward critical science objectives. In particular, we present the first preliminary flux limits from AMANDA-II on the search for continuous emission from astrophysical point sources, and report on the search for correlated neutrino emission from Gamma Ray Bursts detected by BATSE before decommissioning in May 2000. During the next two years, we expect to exploit the full potential of AMANDA-II with the installation of a new data acquisition system that records full waveforms from the in-ice optical sensors.
Clinical Infection Control in Gene Therapy: A Multidisciplinary Conference
- Martin E. Evans, Craig T. Jordan, Stephen M.W. Chang, Carol Conrad, Julie L. Gerberding, Howard L. Kaufman, C. Glen Mayhall, Jan A. Nolta, Anne M. Pilaro, Sean Sullivan, David J. Weber, Nelson A. Wivel
-
- Journal:
- Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology / Volume 21 / Issue 10 / October 2000
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 02 January 2015, pp. 659-673
- Print publication:
- October 2000
-
- Article
- Export citation
-
Gene therapy is being studied for the treatment of a variety of acquired and inherited disorders. Retroviruses, adeno-viruses, poxviruses, adeno-associated viruses, herpesviruses, and others are being engineered to transfer genes into humans. Treatment protocols using recombinant viruses are being introduced into clinical settings. Infection control professionals will be involved in reviewing the safety of these agents in their clinics and hospitals. To date, only a limited number of articles have been written on infection control in gene therapy, and no widely available recommendations exist from federal or private organizations to guide infection control professionals. The goals of the conference were to provide a forum where gene therapy experts could share their perspectives and experience with infection control in gene therapy and to provide an opportunity for newcomers to the field to learn about issues specific to infection control in gene therapy. Recommendations for infection control in gene therapy were proposed.
Phylogenetic relationships of human and wildlife piroplasm isolates in the western United States inferred from the 18S nuclear small subunit RNA gene
- A. M. KJEMTRUP, J. THOMFORD, T. ROBINSON, P. A. CONRAD
-
- Journal:
- Parasitology / Volume 120 / Issue 5 / May 2000
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 01 May 2000, pp. 487-493
-
- Article
- Export citation
-
The 18S nuclear small subunit ribosomal RNA gene of piroplasms from wildlife and human cases of babesiosis in the western USA were isolated by PCR and sequenced. Phylogenetic analyses of these sequences and comparisons with sequences from other Babesia and Theileria species revealed that piroplasm isolates from the human cases were indistinguishable from some of the isolates from the western wildlife species, most notably the isolates from mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus). These results suggest that large ungulates may serve as reservoirs for human piroplasm infection. The western piroplasm isolates from humans and wildlife formed a distinct clade, separate from other piroplasms found worldwide.
11 - Intestinal iron absorption and hemochromatosis
- from Part III - Metal absorption and metabolism in hemochromatosis
-
- By Marcel E. Conrad, University of South Alabama Cancer Center, Alabama USA, Jay N. Umbreit, University of South Alabama Cancer Center, Alabama USA, Elizabeth G. Moore, University of South Alabama Cancer Center, Alabama USA, Richard T. Parmley, University of South Alabama Cancer Center, Alabama USA
- Edited by James C. Barton, Southern Iron Disorders Center, Alabama, Corwin Q. Edwards, University of Utah
-
- Book:
- Hemochromatosis
- Published online:
- 05 August 2011
- Print publication:
- 13 January 2000, pp 118-130
-
- Chapter
- Export citation
-
Summary
Introduction
Idiopathic hemochromatosis is a familial genetic disorder in which iron absorption consistently exceeds losses of body iron. This leads to accumulation of iron in multiple body organs.When iron concentrations become sufficiently excessive, cellular damage and destruction occur with organ dysfunction and failure. This may become manifest as either cirrhosis of the liver, hepatocellular carcinoma, diabetes mellitus, cardiomyopathy, hypogonadism, or arthritis, or a combination of these disorders. Because hemochromatosis usually becomes clinically manifest during the fifth and sixth decades of life, it usually takes many years of iron accumulation before a homozygote seeks medical attention. Presumably, this long delay occurs because body organs possess a capability to store iron far in excess of body needs. Once the iron-binding capacity of tissues are exceeded, ionic iron becomes available to produce ‘free radical’ formation and cellular damage. An enigma that remains unexplained is that studies of the prevalence of homozygous hemochromatosis in Caucasians (∼0.6%) indicate that genotypic hemochromatosis is at least ten times more commonplace than clinically manifested phenotypic hemochromatosis (1 in 20000 hospitalizations). This suggests that factors in addition to a single genetic mutation are necessary to produce massive iron overloading with organ damage.
Although the genetic defect for about 85% of Caucasian hemochromatotics was recently identified (HLA-H, C282Y), the method by which it enhances iron accumulation by the body remains unknown. One possibility is that the genetic abnormality acts directly upon the intestinal absorptive cell to enhance the absorption of iron.
Dry Etching of Sol-Gel Pzt
- R. Zeto, B. Rod, M. Dubey, M. Ervin, J. Conrad, R. Piekarz, S. Troliermckinstry, T. Su, J. Shepard
-
- Journal:
- MRS Online Proceedings Library Archive / Volume 546 / 1998
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 10 February 2011, 159
- Print publication:
- 1998
-
- Article
- Export citation
-
Two techniques for dry etching of sol-gel lead zirconate titanate (PZT 52/48) thin films were investigated: reactive ion etching and argon ion milling. Etched profiles were characterized by scanning electron microscopy. For reactive ion etching, a parallel plate etcher was used with HC2ClF4, an environmentally safe etch gas, in a process described by other researchers. Etch rates were measured and compared as a function of electrode shield material (ardel, graphite, alumina) and RF input power (100 to 500 W). These etch rates varied from 10 to 100 nm/min. Reactive ion etched sidewall angles 12° off normal were consistently produced over a wide range of RF powers and etch times, but overetching was required to produce a clean sidewall. For argon ion milling, a 300 mA/500 V beam 40° off normal to the substrate operating in a 72 mPa argon pressure was used. These ion milling conditions produced an etch rate of 250 nm/min with a sidewall slope angle of about 70°. The ion milling etch rate for sol-gel PZT was significantly faster than rates reported for bulk PZT. The 500 nm thick PZT films used in this study were prepared by the sol-gel process that used methoxyethanol solvent, spin coating on t/Ti/SiO2 silicon substrates, and rapid thermal annealing for 30 s at 650 °C for crystallization of the perovskite phase.
Point Defects, Diffusion and Gettering in Silicon
- U. Gösele, D. Conrad, P. Werner, Q.-Y. Tong, R. Gafiteanu, T. Y. Tan
-
- Journal:
- MRS Online Proceedings Library Archive / Volume 469 / 1997
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 15 February 2011, 13
- Print publication:
- 1997
-
- Article
- Export citation
-
The status of our knowledge on intrinsic point defects and diffusion mechanisms is reviewed. Special attention is given to the question of the possible role of carbon in influencing effective diffusivities of intrinsic point defects and the resulting consequences for the values of vacancy and self-interstitial thermal equilibrium concentrations and diffusivities. It is pointed out that we might have to deal with the unfortunate situation that the effective diffusivities of intrinsic point defects might be influenced already by a carbon concentration which is below the detection limit and therefore not amenable to measurement and control. Whereas dopant diffusion processes have been modeled and simulated for a long time the first attempts to quantitatively simulate various gettering processes have just started as will be described in the paper. Finally, the subject of microcrack formation in hydrogen implanted silicon will be dealt with as used for the so-called “smart-cut” process for fabricating silicon-on-insulator (SOI) substrates with thin and uniform silicon layers by wafer bonding. Presently no quantitative treatment of this fascinating hydrogen agglomeration phenomenon is available.
The Optical Properties of Channel Waveguides in Batio3 Thin Films
- B. A. Block, B. W. Wessels, D. M. Gill, C. W. Conrad, S. T. Ho
-
- Journal:
- MRS Online Proceedings Library Archive / Volume 446 / 1996
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 10 February 2011, 349
- Print publication:
- 1996
-
- Article
- Export citation
-
BaTiO3 epitaxial films have been prepared on (001) MgO substrates by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition. The as‐deposited 0.2 μm thick films had a surface roughness of 12 nm. Channel waveguides were fabricated from the films and the optical throughput measured. To differentiate the surface scattering loss from the internal scattering loss, waveguides were also prepared with a surface planarization step to reduce the surface roughness to 2.5 nm. The waveguide loss was greatly reduced for the planarized waveguides. The results indicate that surface and side wall roughness accounted for the majority of the waveguide loss. Grain boundary grooving lead to surface roughness and routes to overcome this problem are discussed.
The ‘baptism of tears’ in early Anglo-Saxon sources
- T. O'loughlin, H. Conrad-O'Briain
-
- Journal:
- Anglo-Saxon England / Volume 22 / December 1993
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 26 September 2008, pp. 65-83
- Print publication:
- December 1993
-
- Article
- Export citation
-
In an article published in 1986 Michael Lapidge1 noted the occurrence of the term Umbrensium (from Humbrenses/Umbrenses) in both the U-text of Theodore's Indicia2 and the anonymous, eighth-century Whitby Vita S. Gregorii.3 This is by no means the only point of contact between the two works. Perhaps the most memorable episode in the Vita S. Gregorii is that of Gregory's weeping for the soul of Trajan, his tears having the effect of baptizing the dead emperor.