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36 Assessing the Effect of Multiple Sclerosis and Aging Using an Ecological test of Prospective Memory
- Kim Charest, Marie-Julie Potvin, Estefania Brando, Alexandra Tremblay, Elaine Roger, Pierre Duquette, Isabelle Rouleau
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- Journal:
- Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society / Volume 29 / Issue s1 / November 2023
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 21 December 2023, pp. 550-551
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Objective:
Prospective memory (PM) is the ability to remember to produce an action at a specific moment in the future signaled by the occurrence of a specific event (EB condition), a time or a time interval (TB condition). Detection of the appropriate moment corresponds to the prospective component (PC), while production of the appropriate action corresponds to the retrospective (RC) component. Although PM difficulties have been reported in healthy aging and in association with Multiple Sclerosis (MS), PM has not been examined in elderly people with MS (PwMS), which is particularly relevant since their life expectancy has improved significantly in recent years due to available treatments, and PM is essential to daily functioning. The main objective of this study was to investigate whether the decline in PM performance with advancing age is influenced by the presence of multiple sclerosis (MS). This study also aimed to clarify the type of PM impairment (PC vs RC in TB and EB conditions) in MS as a function of age.
Participants and Methods:A total of 80 participants were recruited and separated into four groups: elderly PwMS (n = 20), young PwMS (n = 20), elderly healthy controls (HC) (n = 20) and young HC (n = 20). PM and its components were measured using the TEMP, an experimental ecological tool developed by our laboratory that has been validated in previous studies. In addition, all participants underwent a series of neuropsychological tests specific to MS (MACIFMS) and aging (Boston Naming Test, Clock Drawing Test, Towers of London, Trail making Test, Stroop, MoCA).
Results:On the TEMP total score, a two-way ANOVA showed a main effect of age (F[1,75]=47.4, p<0.001, n2 = .40), a main effect of the presence of MS (F[1,75]=19.51, p<0.001, n2 = .21) as well as a significant Age X Disease interaction (F[2,74] =5.40, p=0.023, n2 = .07). Direct comparison between EB and TB conditions revealed that for the PC, only elderly PwMS had more difficulty in the TB than in the EB condition (Z = -2.51, p = 0.012), whereas RC score was significantly lower in the TB than in the EB condition in all groups except in younger controls (younger PwMS : Z = -2.56, p = 0.01; elderly HC : Z = -3.31, p < 0.001; elderly PwMS :Z = -3.04, p = 0.002).
Conclusions:The TEMP revealed a marked impairment in PM in elderly PwMS compared to elderly HC and young PwMS. This impairment was particularly evident on the PC component in the TB condition. RC difficulties noted in the TB condition in all but younger controls reflect the arbitrary nature of the cue-action link that is particularly sensitive to episodic memory difficulties often observed in aging and MS.
38 Cognitive and Affective Theory of Mind in Young and Elderly Patients with Multiple Sclerosis
- Maxime Montembeault, Romane Farley, Julie Ouellet, Estefania Brando, Alexandra Tremblay, Kim Charest, Elaine Roger, Peter Scherzer, Pierre Duquette, Isabelle Rouleau
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- Journal:
- Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society / Volume 29 / Issue s1 / November 2023
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 21 December 2023, pp. 552-553
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Objective:
Theory of mind (ToM) deficits have been reported in patients with multiple sclerosis (pwMS). However, most studies have used pictures or written scenarios as stimuli without distinguishing between cognitive and affective ToM, and no studies have investigated older pwMS. The aims of this study were to determine the impact of MS and age on cognitive and affective ToM using a more ecological video-based task. We also aimed to investigate the relationships between ToM, cognition and emotion reading to understand the nature of ToM deficits in pwMS.
Participants and Methods:We recruited 13 young healthy controls (HC), 14 young pwMS, 14 elderly HC and 15 elderly pwMS. ToM was measured using an adaptation of the Conversations and Insinuations task (Ouellet et al. 2010). In this task, participants watch four 2-minutes videos of social interactions, which are interrupted by multiple choice questions about either the emotional state (affective ToM; 14 questions) or the intention (cognitive ToM; 14 questions) of the characters. They also underwent a short neuropsychological battery including cognitive tasks (Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), DKEFS Color-Word Interference Test) and an experimental multimodal emotion recognition task.
Results:We found significant effects of group (pwMS < HC), age (older < younger) and condition (cognitive ToM < affective ToM) on the ToM task. Although no interaction effect was found, the elderly pwMS group showed the largest discrepancy between their cognitive and affective ToM, the cognitive subtask being significantly more affected. ToM significantly correlated with general cognition (MoCA) in all participants, while cognitive inhibition (DKEFS Color-Word Interference Test) correlated with ToM only in elderly pwMS. No significant correlation was observed between ToM and emotion reading.
Conclusions:This study highlights both cognitive and affective ToM deficits in pwMS, and particularly in cognitive ToM in elderly pwMS. These impairments could be underlied by cognitive and executive difficulties, but not by core social cognitive impairments, as observed in the correlation analyses. Future studies should investigate the relationships between ToM impairments and impairments in real-life empathy and social behavior in pwMS.
Detecting Subtle Cognitive Impairment in Multiple Sclerosis with the Montreal Cognitive Assessment
- Kim Charest, Alexandra Tremblay, Roxane Langlois, Élaine Roger, Pierre Duquette, Isabelle Rouleau
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- Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences / Volume 47 / Issue 5 / September 2020
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 26 May 2020, pp. 620-626
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Background:
Although cognitive deficits are frequent in multiple sclerosis (MS), screening for them with tools such as the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) test is usually not performed unless there is a subjective complaint. The Multiple Sclerosis Neuropsychological Questionnaire (MSNQ) is among the instruments most commonly used to assess self-reported subjective complaints in MS. Nonetheless, it does not always accurately reflect cognitive status; many patients with cognitive deficits thus fail to receive appropriate referral for detailed neuropsychological evaluation. The objective of this study was to examine the validity of the MoCA test to detect the presence of objective cognitive deficits among patients with MS without subjective complaints using the Minimal Assessment of Cognitive Function in MS (MACFIMS) as the gold standard.
Methods:The sample included 98 patients who were recruited from a university hospital MS clinic. The MSNQ was used to select patients without subjective cognitive complaints who also completed the MACFIMS, MoCA test and MSQOL-54.
Results:23.5% of patients without subjective cognitive complaints had evidence of objective cognitive impairment on the MACFIMS (z score < -1.5 on two or more tests). The MoCA had a sensitivity of 87% and a specificity of 68% for detecting objective cognitive impairment in this patient population using a cut-off score of 27.
Conclusion:A significant proportion of patients without self-reported cognitive impairment do have evidence of cognitive deficits on more exhaustive cognitive assessment. The MoCA is a rapid screening test that could be used to target patients for whom a more detailed neuropsychological assessment would be recommended.
Multiple Sclerosis and Pregnancy: A Comparison Study
- Sura Alwan, Magdalena Dybalski, Irene M. Yee, Talitha M. Greenwood, Elaine Roger, Nancy Nadeau, Pierre Duquette, A. Dessa Sadovnick
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- Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences / Volume 40 / Issue 4 / July 2013
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 23 September 2014, pp. 590-596
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Objective:
To determine whether different health care systems may affect reproductive decision-making among patients with Multiple Sclerosis (MS), we describe the reproductive practices and attitudes of Canadian MS patients ascertained from the multidisciplinary MS Clinic at Hôpital Notre-Dame in Montreal, Quebec (NDMSC), in comparison to those of matched American selfregistrants from the database of the North American Research Committee on Multiple Sclerosis (NARCOMS).
Methods:A total of 665 self-administered questionnaires on reproductive practices were sent out to eligible attendees attending the NDMSC. The short questionnaires were completed and returned to the authors in an anonymous format for analysis.
Results:A total of 459 completed questionnaires were returned. The majority of NDMSC respondents (72.5%) and NARCOMS subset (75.2% females), did not encounter a pregnancy following diagnosis of MS. The most common MS-related reason for this decision was “symptoms interfering with parenting” (75.0% for the NDMSC, 72.6% for the NARCOMS). The most commonly reported non-MS-related reason was “a completed family” by the time of diagnosis in both the NDMSC and NARCOMS subset (58.0%, 40.4%, respectively). Concerns about financial issues both related and unrelated to MS were also commonly reported by males and females in both cohorts but significantly more so among the NARCOMS participants.
Conclusion:These results indicate that reproductive decisions of MS patients are highly affected by their illness and its associated disability, regardless of the available health care program. Health care providers should discuss their patients' reproductive needs and perceptions to help them make more informed decisions.
Value of the MoCA Test as a Screening Instrument in Multiple Sclerosis
- Emmanuelle Dagenais, Isabelle Rouleau, Mélanie Demers, Céline Jobin, Élaine Roger, Laury Chamelian, Pierre Duquette
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- Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences / Volume 40 / Issue 3 / May 2013
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 23 September 2014, pp. 410-415
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Objective:
Since a large proportion of multiple sclerosis (MS) patients exhibit cognitive deficits, it is important to have reliable and cost-effective screening measures that can be used to follow patients effectively. the objective of this study was to evaluate the clinical value of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) test in detecting cognitive deficits in MS patients.
Methods:Forty-one (70.1% women, mean age 44.51 ±7.43) mildly impaired (EDSS: 2.26 ±1.87) MS patients were recruited for this study. In addition to the MoCA, they were administered the MSNQ-P (patient version) and the MSNQ-I (informant version), the bDI-FS and a comprehensive neuropsychological test battery.
Results:there were significant correlations between the MoCA test and the three factors derived from the neuropsychological evaluation (Executive/speed of processing, Learning, Delayed recall). the MoCA test was correlated with the MSNQ-I but only marginally with the MSNQ-P. In addition, there was no significant correlation between the MSNQ-P and the neuropsychological factors, whereas significant correlations were found between two of those factors (Learning and Delayed recall) and the MSNQ-I, suggesting that the informant version is more reliable than the patient version for the presence of cognitive deficits.
Conclusion:the results obtained in the present study support the value of the MoCA test as a screening tool for the presence of cognitive dysfunction in MS patients, even in patients with mild functional disability (EDSS).
Notes on contributors
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- By Kimberly VanEsveld Adams, Roger Cardinal's, Edith W. Clowes, Macdonald Daly, Nicholas Dames, Elaine Freedgood, Ray Furness, Willi Goetschel, David Goldie, M. A. R. Habib, Renate Holub, Poul Houe, David Lyle Jeffrey, John D. Kerkering, Wolf Lepenies, Rosemary Lloyd, Clinton Machann, Steven Monte, Gregory Moore, James Najarian, Hilary S. Nias, John Osborne, Allan H. Pasco, Stephen Prickett, Harold Schweizer, Joanne Shattock, Carol J. Singley, Donald Stone, Martin Swales, David Van Leer, Beth S. Wright, Julia M. Wright
- Edited by M. A. R. Habib, Rutgers University, New Jersey
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- The Cambridge History of Literary Criticism
- Published online:
- 05 February 2013
- Print publication:
- 07 February 2013, pp ix-xiv
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List of contributors
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- By Eva Alcón Soler, Joe Barcroft, Martha Bigelow, Ellen Broselow, Jennifer Cabrelli Amaro, Kees de Bot, Laurent Dekydtspotter, Jean-Marc Dewaele, Giovanna Donzellii, Astrid Ensslin, Suzanne Flynn, Claire Foley, Alice Foucart, Cheryl Frenck-Mestre, María del Pilar, García Mayo, Elena Gavruseva, Kit Hansen, Roger Hawkins, Belma Haznedar, Julia Herschensohn, Randal Holme, Tania Ionin, Anna Dina L. Joaquin, Yoonjung Kang, Jan Koster, Cedric Krummes, Ryuko Kubota, Donna Lardiere, Andrea W. Mates, Elizabeth R. Miller, James Milton, Silvina Montrul, Florence Myles, Amy Snyder Ohta, Vera Regan, Jason Rothman, Bonnie D. Schwartz, Michael Sharwood Smith, Roumyana Slabakova, Rex A. Sprouse, Elaine Tarone, Margaret Thomas, Richard Towell, John Truscott, Anne Vainikka, Daniel Véronique, Melinda Whong, Wynne Wong, Clare Wright, Martha Young-Scholten
- Edited by Julia Herschensohn, University of Washington, Martha Young-Scholten, University of Newcastle upon Tyne
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- The Cambridge Handbook of Second Language Acquisition
- Published online:
- 05 July 2013
- Print publication:
- 17 January 2013, pp xii-xiv
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Contributors
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- By Nozomi Akanuma, Gonzalo Alarcón, R. Arunachalam, Sarah H. Bernard, Frank M. C. Besag, Istvan Bodi, Stephen Brown, Franz Brunnhuber, Antonella Cerquiglini, J. Helen Cross, R. Shane Delamont, Archana Desurkar, Lee Drummond, Rona Eade, Robert D. C. Elwes, Bidi Evans, Peter Fenwick, Colin D. Ferrie, Paul L. Furlong, Laura H. Goldstein, Sally Gomersall, Sushma Goyal, Jane Hanna, Yvonne Hart, Dominic C. Heaney, Graham E. Holder, Mrinalini Honavar, Elaine Hughes, Jozef M. Jarosz, John G. R. Jefferys, Jane Juler, Mathias Koepp, Michalis Koutroumanidis, Maureen Lahiff, Louis Lemieux, David McCormick, Brian Meldrum, John D. C. Mellers, Nicholas Moran, John Moriarty, Robin G. Morris, Nandini Mullatti, Lina Nashef, Jennifer Nightingale, T. J. von Oertzen, Corina O'Neill, Philip N. Patsalos, Stella Pearson, Charles E. Polkey, Ronit Pressler, Edward H. Reynolds, Mark P. Richardson, Leone Ridsdale, Robert Robinson, Greg Rogers, Euan M. Ross, Richard P. Selway, Stefano Seri, Simeran Sharma, Graeme J. Sills, Andrew Simmons, Shiri Spector, Mark Stevenson, Jade N. Thai, Brian Toone, Antonio Valentín, Nuria T. Villagra, Matthew Walker, William Whitehouse
- Edited by Gonzalo Alarcón, King's College London, Antonio Valentín, King's College London
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- Introduction to Epilepsy
- Published online:
- 05 July 2012
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- 26 April 2012, pp xii-xv
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Social Commitment Robots and Dementia*
- Kerstin Roger, Lorna Guse, Elaine Mordoch, Angela Osterreicher
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- Canadian Journal on Aging / La Revue canadienne du vieillissement / Volume 31 / Issue 1 / March 2012
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 16 February 2012, pp. 87-94
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In 2010, approximately 500,000 Canadians suffered from a dementia-related illness. The number of sufferers is estimated to double in about 25 years. Due to this growing demographic, dementia (most frequently caused by Alzheimer’s disease) will increasingly have a significant impact on our aging community and their caregivers. Dementia is associated with challenging behaviours such as agitation, wandering, and aggression. Care providers must find innovative strategies that facilitate the quality of life for this population; moreover, such strategies must value the individual person. Social commitment robots – designed specifically with communication and therapeutic purposes – provide one means towards attaining this goal. This paper describes a study in which Paro (a robotic baby harp seal) was used as part of a summer training program for students. Preliminary conclusions suggest that the integration of social commitment robots may be clinically valuable for older, agitated persons living with dementia in long-term care settings.
DIVISION VIII: GALAXIES AND THE UNIVERSE
- Elaine M. Sadler, Françoise Combes, Sadanori Okamura, Roger L. Davies, John S. Gallagher III, Thanu Padmanabhan, Brian P. Schmidt
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- Journal:
- Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union / Volume 7 / Issue T28A / December 2011
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 04 April 2012, pp. 253-254
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- December 2011
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The fields of extragalactic research and cosmology have continued to progress rapidly over the past three years, as detailed in the reports of the Commission Presidents, and we are pleased to acknowledge the award of the 2011 Nobel Prize in Physics to Saul Perlmutter, Brian P. Schmidt and Adam G. Riess for “the discovery of the accelerating expansion of the Universe through observations of distant supernovae”. The Gruber Cosmology Prize was awarded in 2009 to Wendy L. Freedman, Robert C. Kennicutt and Jeremy Mould for their leadership of the Hubble Space Telescope Key Project on the Extragalactic Distance Scale, in 2010 to Charles Steidel for the identification and study of galaxies in the very distant universe, and in 2011 to Marc Davis, George Efstathiou, Carlos Frenk and Simon D.M. White for pioneering the use of numerical simulations as a tool to model and interpret the large-scale distribution of galaxies and dark matter.
Contributors
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- By Rose Teteki Abbey, K. C. Abraham, David Tuesday Adamo, LeRoy H. Aden, Efrain Agosto, Victor Aguilan, Gillian T. W. Ahlgren, Charanjit Kaur AjitSingh, Dorothy B E A Akoto, Giuseppe Alberigo, Daniel E. Albrecht, Ruth Albrecht, Daniel O. Aleshire, Urs Altermatt, Anand Amaladass, Michael Amaladoss, James N. Amanze, Lesley G. Anderson, Thomas C. Anderson, Victor Anderson, Hope S. Antone, María Pilar Aquino, Paula Arai, Victorio Araya Guillén, S. Wesley Ariarajah, Ellen T. Armour, Brett Gregory Armstrong, Atsuhiro Asano, Naim Stifan Ateek, Mahmoud Ayoub, John Alembillah Azumah, Mercedes L. García Bachmann, Irena Backus, J. Wayne Baker, Mieke Bal, Lewis V. Baldwin, William Barbieri, António Barbosa da Silva, David Basinger, Bolaji Olukemi Bateye, Oswald Bayer, Daniel H. Bays, Rosalie Beck, Nancy Elizabeth Bedford, Guy-Thomas Bedouelle, Chorbishop Seely Beggiani, Wolfgang Behringer, Christopher M. Bellitto, Byard Bennett, Harold V. Bennett, Teresa Berger, Miguel A. Bernad, Henley Bernard, Alan E. Bernstein, Jon L. Berquist, Johannes Beutler, Ana María Bidegain, Matthew P. Binkewicz, Jennifer Bird, Joseph Blenkinsopp, Dmytro Bondarenko, Paulo Bonfatti, Riet en Pim Bons-Storm, Jessica A. Boon, Marcus J. Borg, Mark Bosco, Peter C. Bouteneff, François Bovon, William D. Bowman, Paul S. Boyer, David Brakke, Richard E. Brantley, Marcus Braybrooke, Ian Breward, Ênio José da Costa Brito, Jewel Spears Brooker, Johannes Brosseder, Nicholas Canfield Read Brown, Robert F. Brown, Pamela K. Brubaker, Walter Brueggemann, Bishop Colin O. Buchanan, Stanley M. Burgess, Amy Nelson Burnett, J. Patout Burns, David B. Burrell, David Buttrick, James P. Byrd, Lavinia Byrne, Gerado Caetano, Marcos Caldas, Alkiviadis Calivas, William J. Callahan, Salvatore Calomino, Euan K. Cameron, William S. Campbell, Marcelo Ayres Camurça, Daniel F. Caner, Paul E. Capetz, Carlos F. Cardoza-Orlandi, Patrick W. Carey, Barbara Carvill, Hal Cauthron, Subhadra Mitra Channa, Mark D. Chapman, James H. Charlesworth, Kenneth R. Chase, Chen Zemin, Luciano Chianeque, Philip Chia Phin Yin, Francisca H. Chimhanda, Daniel Chiquete, John T. Chirban, Soobin Choi, Robert Choquette, Mita Choudhury, Gerald Christianson, John Chryssavgis, Sejong Chun, Esther Chung-Kim, Charles M. A. Clark, Elizabeth A. Clark, Sathianathan Clarke, Fred Cloud, John B. Cobb, W. Owen Cole, John A Coleman, John J. Collins, Sylvia Collins-Mayo, Paul K. Conkin, Beth A. Conklin, Sean Connolly, Demetrios J. Constantelos, Michael A. Conway, Paula M. Cooey, Austin Cooper, Michael L. Cooper-White, Pamela Cooper-White, L. William Countryman, Sérgio Coutinho, Pamela Couture, Shannon Craigo-Snell, James L. Crenshaw, David Crowner, Humberto Horacio Cucchetti, Lawrence S. Cunningham, Elizabeth Mason Currier, Emmanuel Cutrone, Mary L. Daniel, David D. Daniels, Robert Darden, Rolf Darge, Isaiah Dau, Jeffry C. Davis, Jane Dawson, Valentin Dedji, John W. de Gruchy, Paul DeHart, Wendy J. Deichmann Edwards, Miguel A. De La Torre, George E. Demacopoulos, Thomas de Mayo, Leah DeVun, Beatriz de Vasconcellos Dias, Dennis C. Dickerson, John M. Dillon, Luis Miguel Donatello, Igor Dorfmann-Lazarev, Susanna Drake, Jonathan A. Draper, N. Dreher Martin, Otto Dreydoppel, Angelyn Dries, A. J. Droge, Francis X. D'Sa, Marilyn Dunn, Nicole Wilkinson Duran, Rifaat Ebied, Mark J. Edwards, William H. Edwards, Leonard H. Ehrlich, Nancy L. Eiesland, Martin Elbel, J. Harold Ellens, Stephen Ellingson, Marvin M. Ellison, Robert Ellsberg, Jean Bethke Elshtain, Eldon Jay Epp, Peter C. Erb, Tassilo Erhardt, Maria Erling, Noel Leo Erskine, Gillian R. Evans, Virginia Fabella, Michael A. Fahey, Edward Farley, Margaret A. Farley, Wendy Farley, Robert Fastiggi, Seena Fazel, Duncan S. Ferguson, Helwar Figueroa, Paul Corby Finney, Kyriaki Karidoyanes FitzGerald, Thomas E. FitzGerald, John R. Fitzmier, Marie Therese Flanagan, Sabina Flanagan, Claude Flipo, Ronald B. Flowers, Carole Fontaine, David Ford, Mary Ford, Stephanie A. Ford, Jim Forest, William Franke, Robert M. Franklin, Ruth Franzén, Edward H. Friedman, Samuel Frouisou, Lorelei F. Fuchs, Jojo M. Fung, Inger Furseth, Richard R. Gaillardetz, Brandon Gallaher, China Galland, Mark Galli, Ismael García, Tharscisse Gatwa, Jean-Marie Gaudeul, Luis María Gavilanes del Castillo, Pavel L. Gavrilyuk, Volney P. Gay, Metropolitan Athanasios Geevargis, Kondothra M. George, Mary Gerhart, Simon Gikandi, Maurice Gilbert, Michael J. Gillgannon, Verónica Giménez Beliveau, Terryl Givens, Beth Glazier-McDonald, Philip Gleason, Menghun Goh, Brian Golding, Bishop Hilario M. Gomez, Michelle A. Gonzalez, Donald K. Gorrell, Roy Gottfried, Tamara Grdzelidze, Joel B. Green, Niels Henrik Gregersen, Cristina Grenholm, Herbert Griffiths, Eric W. Gritsch, Erich S. Gruen, Christoffer H. Grundmann, Paul H. Gundani, Jon P. Gunnemann, Petre Guran, Vidar L. Haanes, Jeremiah M. Hackett, Getatchew Haile, Douglas John Hall, Nicholas Hammond, Daphne Hampson, Jehu J. Hanciles, Barry Hankins, Jennifer Haraguchi, Stanley S. Harakas, Anthony John Harding, Conrad L. Harkins, J. William Harmless, Marjory Harper, Amir Harrak, Joel F. Harrington, Mark W. Harris, Susan Ashbrook Harvey, Van A. Harvey, R. Chris Hassel, Jione Havea, Daniel Hawk, Diana L. Hayes, Leslie Hayes, Priscilla Hayner, S. Mark Heim, Simo Heininen, Richard P. Heitzenrater, Eila Helander, David Hempton, Scott H. Hendrix, Jan-Olav Henriksen, Gina Hens-Piazza, Carter Heyward, Nicholas J. Higham, David Hilliard, Norman A. Hjelm, Peter C. Hodgson, Arthur Holder, M. Jan Holton, Dwight N. Hopkins, Ronnie Po-chia Hsia, Po-Ho Huang, James Hudnut-Beumler, Jennifer S. Hughes, Leonard M. Hummel, Mary E. Hunt, Laennec Hurbon, Mark Hutchinson, Susan E. Hylen, Mary Beth Ingham, H. Larry Ingle, Dale T. Irvin, Jon Isaak, Paul John Isaak, Ada María Isasi-Díaz, Hans Raun Iversen, Margaret C. Jacob, Arthur James, Maria Jansdotter-Samuelsson, David Jasper, Werner G. Jeanrond, Renée Jeffery, David Lyle Jeffrey, Theodore W. Jennings, David H. Jensen, Robin Margaret Jensen, David Jobling, Dale A. Johnson, Elizabeth A. Johnson, Maxwell E. Johnson, Sarah Johnson, Mark D. Johnston, F. Stanley Jones, James William Jones, John R. Jones, Alissa Jones Nelson, Inge Jonsson, Jan Joosten, Elizabeth Judd, Mulambya Peggy Kabonde, Robert Kaggwa, Sylvester Kahakwa, Isaac Kalimi, Ogbu U. Kalu, Eunice Kamaara, Wayne C. Kannaday, Musimbi Kanyoro, Veli-Matti Kärkkäinen, Frank Kaufmann, Léon Nguapitshi Kayongo, Richard Kearney, Alice A. Keefe, Ralph Keen, Catherine Keller, Anthony J. Kelly, Karen Kennelly, Kathi Lynn Kern, Fergus Kerr, Edward Kessler, George Kilcourse, Heup Young Kim, Kim Sung-Hae, Kim Yong-Bock, Kim Yung Suk, Richard King, Thomas M. King, Robert M. Kingdon, Ross Kinsler, Hans G. Kippenberg, Cheryl A. Kirk-Duggan, Clifton Kirkpatrick, Leonid Kishkovsky, Nadieszda Kizenko, Jeffrey Klaiber, Hans-Josef Klauck, Sidney Knight, Samuel Kobia, Robert Kolb, Karla Ann Koll, Heikki Kotila, Donald Kraybill, Philip D. W. Krey, Yves Krumenacker, Jeffrey Kah-Jin Kuan, Simanga R. Kumalo, Peter Kuzmic, Simon Shui-Man Kwan, Kwok Pui-lan, André LaCocque, Stephen E. Lahey, John Tsz Pang Lai, Emiel Lamberts, Armando Lampe, Craig Lampe, Beverly J. Lanzetta, Eve LaPlante, Lizette Larson-Miller, Ariel Bybee Laughton, Leonard Lawlor, Bentley Layton, Robin A. Leaver, Karen Lebacqz, Archie Chi Chung Lee, Marilyn J. Legge, Hervé LeGrand, D. L. LeMahieu, Raymond Lemieux, Bill J. Leonard, Ellen M. Leonard, Outi Leppä, Jean Lesaulnier, Nantawan Boonprasat Lewis, Henrietta Leyser, Alexei Lidov, Bernard Lightman, Paul Chang-Ha Lim, Carter Lindberg, Mark R. Lindsay, James R. Linville, James C. Livingston, Ann Loades, David Loades, Jean-Claude Loba-Mkole, Lo Lung Kwong, Wati Longchar, Eleazar López, David W. Lotz, Andrew Louth, Robin W. Lovin, William Luis, Frank D. Macchia, Diarmaid N. J. MacCulloch, Kirk R. MacGregor, Marjory A. MacLean, Donald MacLeod, Tomas S. Maddela, Inge Mager, Laurenti Magesa, David G. Maillu, Fortunato Mallimaci, Philip Mamalakis, Kä Mana, Ukachukwu Chris Manus, Herbert Robinson Marbury, Reuel Norman Marigza, Jacqueline Mariña, Antti Marjanen, Luiz C. L. Marques, Madipoane Masenya (ngwan'a Mphahlele), Caleb J. D. Maskell, Steve Mason, Thomas Massaro, Fernando Matamoros Ponce, András Máté-Tóth, Odair Pedroso Mateus, Dinis Matsolo, Fumitaka Matsuoka, John D'Arcy May, Yelena Mazour-Matusevich, Theodore Mbazumutima, John S. McClure, Christian McConnell, Lee Martin McDonald, Gary B. McGee, Thomas McGowan, Alister E. McGrath, Richard J. McGregor, John A. McGuckin, Maud Burnett McInerney, Elsie Anne McKee, Mary B. McKinley, James F. McMillan, Ernan McMullin, Kathleen E. McVey, M. Douglas Meeks, Monica Jyotsna Melanchthon, Ilie Melniciuc-Puica, Everett Mendoza, Raymond A. Mentzer, William W. Menzies, Ina Merdjanova, Franziska Metzger, Constant J. Mews, Marvin Meyer, Carol Meyers, Vasile Mihoc, Gunner Bjerg Mikkelsen, Maria Inêz de Castro Millen, Clyde Lee Miller, Bonnie J. Miller-McLemore, Alexander Mirkovic, Paul Misner, Nozomu Miyahira, R. W. L. Moberly, Gerald Moede, Aloo Osotsi Mojola, Sunanda Mongia, Rebeca Montemayor, James Moore, Roger E. Moore, Craig E. Morrison O.Carm, Jeffry H. Morrison, Keith Morrison, Wilson J. Moses, Tefetso Henry Mothibe, Mokgethi Motlhabi, Fulata Moyo, Henry Mugabe, Jesse Ndwiga Kanyua Mugambi, Peggy Mulambya-Kabonde, Robert Bruce Mullin, Pamela Mullins Reaves, Saskia Murk Jansen, Heleen L. Murre-Van den Berg, Augustine Musopole, Isaac M. T. Mwase, Philomena Mwaura, Cecilia Nahnfeldt, Anne Nasimiyu Wasike, Carmiña Navia Velasco, Thulani Ndlazi, Alexander Negrov, James B. Nelson, David G. Newcombe, Carol Newsom, Helen J. Nicholson, George W. E. Nickelsburg, Tatyana Nikolskaya, Damayanthi M. A. Niles, Bertil Nilsson, Nyambura Njoroge, Fidelis Nkomazana, Mary Beth Norton, Christian Nottmeier, Sonene Nyawo, Anthère Nzabatsinda, Edward T. Oakes, Gerald O'Collins, Daniel O'Connell, David W. Odell-Scott, Mercy Amba Oduyoye, Kathleen O'Grady, Oyeronke Olajubu, Thomas O'Loughlin, Dennis T. Olson, J. Steven O'Malley, Cephas N. Omenyo, Muriel Orevillo-Montenegro, César Augusto Ornellas Ramos, Agbonkhianmeghe E. Orobator, Kenan B. Osborne, Carolyn Osiek, Javier Otaola Montagne, Douglas F. Ottati, Anna May Say Pa, Irina Paert, Jerry G. Pankhurst, Aristotle Papanikolaou, Samuele F. Pardini, Stefano Parenti, Peter Paris, Sung Bae Park, Cristián G. Parker, Raquel Pastor, Joseph Pathrapankal, Daniel Patte, W. Brown Patterson, Clive Pearson, Keith F. Pecklers, Nancy Cardoso Pereira, David Horace Perkins, Pheme Perkins, Edward N. Peters, Rebecca Todd Peters, Bishop Yeznik Petrossian, Raymond Pfister, Peter C. Phan, Isabel Apawo Phiri, William S. F. Pickering, Derrick G. Pitard, William Elvis Plata, Zlatko Plese, John Plummer, James Newton Poling, Ronald Popivchak, Andrew Porter, Ute Possekel, James M. Powell, Enos Das Pradhan, Devadasan Premnath, Jaime Adrían Prieto Valladares, Anne Primavesi, Randall Prior, María Alicia Puente Lutteroth, Eduardo Guzmão Quadros, Albert Rabil, Laurent William Ramambason, Apolonio M. Ranche, Vololona Randriamanantena Andriamitandrina, Lawrence R. Rast, Paul L. Redditt, Adele Reinhartz, Rolf Rendtorff, Pål Repstad, James N. Rhodes, John K. Riches, Joerg Rieger, Sharon H. Ringe, Sandra Rios, Tyler Roberts, David M. Robinson, James M. Robinson, Joanne Maguire Robinson, Richard A. H. Robinson, Roy R. Robson, Jack B. Rogers, Maria Roginska, Sidney Rooy, Rev. Garnett Roper, Maria José Fontelas Rosado-Nunes, Andrew C. Ross, Stefan Rossbach, François Rossier, John D. Roth, John K. Roth, Phillip Rothwell, Richard E. Rubenstein, Rosemary Radford Ruether, Markku Ruotsila, John E. Rybolt, Risto Saarinen, John Saillant, Juan Sanchez, Wagner Lopes Sanchez, Hugo N. Santos, Gerhard Sauter, Gloria L. Schaab, Sandra M. Schneiders, Quentin J. Schultze, Fernando F. Segovia, Turid Karlsen Seim, Carsten Selch Jensen, Alan P. F. Sell, Frank C. Senn, Kent Davis Sensenig, Damían Setton, Bal Krishna Sharma, Carolyn J. Sharp, Thomas Sheehan, N. Gerald Shenk, Christian Sheppard, Charles Sherlock, Tabona Shoko, Walter B. Shurden, Marguerite Shuster, B. Mark Sietsema, Batara Sihombing, Neil Silberman, Clodomiro Siller, Samuel Silva-Gotay, Heikki Silvet, John K. Simmons, Hagith Sivan, James C. Skedros, Abraham Smith, Ashley A. Smith, Ted A. Smith, Daud Soesilo, Pia Søltoft, Choan-Seng (C. S.) Song, Kathryn Spink, Bryan Spinks, Eric O. Springsted, Nicolas Standaert, Brian Stanley, Glen H. Stassen, Karel Steenbrink, Stephen J. Stein, Andrea Sterk, Gregory E. Sterling, Columba Stewart, Jacques Stewart, Robert B. Stewart, Cynthia Stokes Brown, Ken Stone, Anne Stott, Elizabeth Stuart, Monya Stubbs, Marjorie Hewitt Suchocki, David Kwang-sun Suh, Scott W. Sunquist, Keith Suter, Douglas Sweeney, Charles H. Talbert, Shawqi N. Talia, Elsa Tamez, Joseph B. Tamney, Jonathan Y. Tan, Yak-Hwee Tan, Kathryn Tanner, Feiya Tao, Elizabeth S. Tapia, Aquiline Tarimo, Claire Taylor, Mark Lewis Taylor, Bishop Abba Samuel Wolde Tekestebirhan, Eugene TeSelle, M. Thomas Thangaraj, David R. Thomas, Andrew Thornley, Scott Thumma, Marcelo Timotheo da Costa, George E. “Tink” Tinker, Ola Tjørhom, Karen Jo Torjesen, Iain R. Torrance, Fernando Torres-Londoño, Archbishop Demetrios [Trakatellis], Marit Trelstad, Christine Trevett, Phyllis Trible, Johannes Tromp, Paul Turner, Robert G. Tuttle, Archbishop Desmond Tutu, Peter Tyler, Anders Tyrberg, Justin Ukpong, Javier Ulloa, Camillus Umoh, Kristi Upson-Saia, Martina Urban, Monica Uribe, Elochukwu Eugene Uzukwu, Richard Vaggione, Gabriel Vahanian, Paul Valliere, T. J. Van Bavel, Steven Vanderputten, Peter Van der Veer, Huub Van de Sandt, Louis Van Tongeren, Luke A. Veronis, Noel Villalba, Ramón Vinke, Tim Vivian, David Voas, Elena Volkova, Katharina von Kellenbach, Elina Vuola, Timothy Wadkins, Elaine M. Wainwright, Randi Jones Walker, Dewey D. Wallace, Jerry Walls, Michael J. Walsh, Philip Walters, Janet Walton, Jonathan L. Walton, Wang Xiaochao, Patricia A. Ward, David Harrington Watt, Herold D. Weiss, Laurence L. Welborn, Sharon D. Welch, Timothy Wengert, Traci C. West, Merold Westphal, David Wetherell, Barbara Wheeler, Carolinne White, Jean-Paul Wiest, Frans Wijsen, Terry L. Wilder, Felix Wilfred, Rebecca Wilkin, Daniel H. Williams, D. Newell Williams, Michael A. Williams, Vincent L. Wimbush, Gabriele Winkler, Anders Winroth, Lauri Emílio Wirth, James A. Wiseman, Ebba Witt-Brattström, Teofil Wojciechowski, John Wolffe, Kenman L. Wong, Wong Wai Ching, Linda Woodhead, Wendy M. Wright, Rose Wu, Keith E. Yandell, Gale A. Yee, Viktor Yelensky, Yeo Khiok-Khng, Gustav K. K. Yeung, Angela Yiu, Amos Yong, Yong Ting Jin, You Bin, Youhanna Nessim Youssef, Eliana Yunes, Robert Michael Zaller, Valarie H. Ziegler, Barbara Brown Zikmund, Joyce Ann Zimmerman, Aurora Zlotnik, Zhuo Xinping
- Edited by Daniel Patte, Vanderbilt University, Tennessee
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- The Cambridge Dictionary of Christianity
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- 05 August 2012
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- 20 September 2010, pp xi-xliv
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DIVISION VIII: GALAXIES AND THE UNIVERSE
- Sadanori Okamura, Elaine Sadler, Francesco Bertola, Mark Birkinshaw, Françoise Combes, Roger L. Davies, Thanu Padmanabhan, Rachel Webster
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- Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union / Volume 6 / Issue T27B / December 2010
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 14 May 2010, pp. 223-224
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- December 2010
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The business meeting of Division VIII was held on 12 August 2009 14:00-15:00 in room R2.6 together with the business meeting of Commissions 28 and 47.
COMMISSION 28: GALAXIES
- Françoise Combes, Roger L. Davies, Elaine M. Sadler, Avishai Dekel, Marijn Franx, John S. Gallagher, Valentina Karachentseva, Gillian R. Knapp, Renée C. Kraan-Korteweg, Bruno Leibundgut, Naomasa Nakai, Jayant V. Narlikar, Monica Rubio
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- Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union / Volume 4 / Issue T27A / December 2008
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 01 December 2008, pp. 286-294
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- December 2008
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This short report describes some highlights in extragalactic research over the past three years, and lists the main symposia and meetings in the domain.
DIVISION VIII: GALAXIES AND THE UNIVERSE
- Sadanori Okamura, Elaine Sadler, Francesco Bertola, Mark Birkinshaw, Françoise Combes, Roger L. Davies, Thanu Padmanabhan, Rachel L. Webster
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- Journal:
- Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union / Volume 4 / Issue T27A / December 2008
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 01 December 2008, pp. 283-285
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- December 2008
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Division VIII provides a focus for astronomers studying a wide range of problems related to galaxies and cosmology. Objects of the study include individual galaxies, groups and clusters of galaxies, large scale structure, comic microwave background radiation and the universe itself. Approaches are diverse from observational one to theoretical one including computer simulations.
Longitudinal selenium status in healthy British adults: assessment using biochemical and molecular biomarkers
- Roger A. Sunde, Elaine Paterson, Jacqueline K. Evenson, Kimberly M. Barnes, Julie A. Lovegrove, Michael H. Gordon
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- British Journal of Nutrition / Volume 99 / Issue S3 / June 2008
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 01 June 2008, pp. S37-S47
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- June 2008
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Human selenium (Se) requirements are currently based on biochemical markers of Se status. In rats, tissue glutathione peroxidase-1 (Gpx1) mRNA levels can be used effectively to determine Se requirements; blood Gpx1 mRNA levels decrease in Se-deficient rats, so molecular biology-based markers have potential for human nutrition assessment. To study the efficacy of molecular biology markers for assessing Se status in humans, we conducted a longitudinal study on 39 subjects (age 45 ± 11) in Reading, UK. Diet diaries (5 day) and blood were obtained from each subject at 2, 8, 17 and 23 weeks, and plasma Se, glutathione peroxidase (Gpx3) enzyme activity, and selenoprotein mRNA levels were determined. There were no significant longitudinal effects on Se biomarkers. Se intake averaged 48 ± 14 μg/d. Plasma Se concentrations averaged 1·13 ± 0·16 μmol/l. Plasma Se v. energy-corrected Se intake (ng Se/kJ/d) was significantly correlated, but neither Gpx3 activity v. Se intake (ng Se/kJ/d) nor Gpx3 activity v. plasma Se was significantly correlated. Collectively, this indicates that subjects were on the plateaus of the response curves. Selenoprotein mRNAs were quantitated in total RNA isolated from whole blood, but mRNA levels for Gpx1, selenoprotein H, and selenoprotein W (all highly regulated by Se in rodents), as well selenoprotein P, Gpx3, and phospholipid hydroperoxide glutathione peroxidase were also not significantly correlated with plasma Se. Thus selenoprotein molecular biomarkers, as well as traditional biochemical markers, are unable to further distinguish differences in Se status in these Se replete subjects. The efficacy of molecular biomarkers to detect Se deficiency needs to be tested in Se-deficient populations.
Nutrition and bone health projects funded by the UK Food Standards Agency: have they helped to inform public health policy?
- Margaret Ashwell, Elaine Stone, John Mathers, Stephen Barnes, Juliet Compston, Roger M. Francis, Tim Key, Kevin D. Cashman, Cyrus Cooper, Kay Tee Khaw, Susan Lanham-New, Helen Macdonald, Ann Prentice, Martin Shearer, Alison Stephen
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- Journal:
- British Journal of Nutrition / Volume 99 / Issue 1 / January 2008
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 17 December 2007, pp. 198-205
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- January 2008
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The UK Food Standards Agency convened an international group of expert scientists to review the Agency-funded projects on diet and bone health in the context of developments in the field as a whole. The potential benefits of fruit and vegetables, vitamin K, early-life nutrition and vitamin D on bone health were presented and reviewed. The workshop reached two conclusions which have public health implications. First, that promoting a diet rich in fruit and vegetable intakes might be beneficial to bone health and would be very unlikely to produce adverse consequences on bone health. The mechanism(s) for any effect of fruit and vegetables remains unknown, but the results from these projects did not support the postulated acid–base balance hypothesis. Secondly, increased dietary consumption of vitamin K may contribute to bone health, possibly through its ability to increase the γ-carboxylation status of bone proteins such as osteocalcin. A supplementation trial comparing vitamin K supplementation with Ca and vitamin D showed an additional effect of vitamin K against baseline levels of bone mineral density, but the benefit was only seen at one bone site. The major research gap identified was the need to investigate vitamin D status to define deficiency, insufficiency and depletion across age and ethnic groups in relation to bone health.
A new role for the general practitioner? Reframing ‘inappropriate attenders’ to inappropriate services
- Carolyn Chew-Graham, Anne Rogers, Carl May, Rod Sheaff, Elaine Ball
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- Primary Health Care Research & Development / Volume 5 / Issue 1 / January 2004
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 31 October 2006, pp. 60-67
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This qualitative study describes the impact of deploying general practitioners (GPs) as primary care physicians (PCPs) in three Accident and Emergency (A&E) departments in Greater Manchester as part of a Health Action Zone initiative to promote integration of systems of care more responsive to the needs of inner city population groups. The setting was three Accident and Emergency Units in Greater Manchester. Semi-structured interviews with the PCPs and key A & E staff (n = 32) before the PCPs were deployed, then at intervals throughout the project. Interviews were audiotaped and transcribed. Transcripts were analysed using constant comparison to identify emerging themes. Key themes centred on the assumptions and negotiation surrounding the emerging roles of the PCPs (as seen by themselves and other staff), particularly the conflict between operational (day-to-day work with patients) and strategic (forward planning) roles. The PCP appeared to act as a catalyst for the view that patients were not presenting “inappropriately”, rather, the problems presented at A&E might be best dealt with in different parts of the healthcare system, or by different personnel, and it is the service currently available that is inappropriate. By deploying the GP in a new role as PCP, but with the traditional autonomy associated with being a GP, and allowing him/her to develop the role according to local need, the new service evolved to identify and meet the needs of patients more appropriately. The use of the expanded role of the GP may be more successful in achieving ‘joined-up’ services than deploying other professional groups, such as nurses, to fulfil a specific role.
Line-Strength Gradients in Elliptical Galaxies
- Roger L. Davies, Elaine M. Sadler
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- Symposium - International Astronomical Union / Volume 127 / 1987
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- 04 August 2017, pp. 441-442
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- 1987
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We have measured line-strength indices as a function of radius in several elliptical galaxies. All of them show strong radial gradients in Mg, but much weaker gradients in Fe and Hβ. The isophotes and contours of constant line-strength have the same flattening. More luminous galaxies have shallower gradients, contrary to the prediction of models of dissipative collapse. Most of the galaxies observed show weak central emission which can partially fill the Balmer absorption lines.
An intonational change in progress in Australian English
- Gregory Guy, Barbara Horvath, Julia Vonwiller, Elaine Daisley, Inge Rogers
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- Language in Society / Volume 15 / Issue 1 / March 1986
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- 18 December 2008, pp. 23-51
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- March 1986
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Many speakers of current Australian English often use a high-rising intonation in statements. This usage, which has been termed Australian Questioning Intonation (AQI), has a nonpropositional, interactive meaning (checking for listener comprehension) and interacts with the turn-taking mechanism of conversation. A quantitative study of the use of AQI in Sydney reveals that it has the social distribution characteristic of a language change in progress: higher rates of usage among working-class speakers, teenagers, and women. Real time data confirm this, showing that the form was almost nonexistent in this speech community two decades earlier. The social motivations of this innovation are examined in terms of local identity and the entry of new ethnic groups into the community, and possible linguistic sources are discussed. The utility of quantitative methods in studying meaningful linguistic variables is demonstrated. (Australian English, language change in progress, intonation, sociolinguistic variation, social class, social motivation)